apigenin and Mycoses

The resistance of pathogenic fungi and failure of drug therapy increased dramatically. Numerous studies have reported the individual or synergistic antifungal potency of natural and synthesized flavonoids, especially against drug-resistant fungi. This brief review summarizes the structure and individual or synergistic antifungal activity of natural and synthesized flavonoids (literatures mainly cover the past 10 years 2009-2019), with a special focus on the antifungal spectra, structure-activity relationship and mechanisms of actions. These may contribute to a better understanding of flavonoids as multi-target agents in the treatment of mycoses and provide some ideas on the development of novel flavonoids-based antifungals.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Biological Products; Flavonoids; Fungi; Humans; Mycoses

This study was designed as a continuation of a complex investigation about the phytochemical composition and biological activity of chamomile, parsley, and celery extracts against A375 human melanoma and dendritic cells.. The main aim was the evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of selected extracts as well as the in vitro anticancer activity against MCF7 human breast cancer cells.. In order to complete the picture regarding the phytochemical composition, molecular fingerprint was sketched out by the help of FTIR spectroscopy. The activity of two enzymes (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) after incubation with the three extracts was spectrophotometrically assessed. The antimicrobial potential was evaluated by disk diffusion method. The in vitro anticancer potential against MCF7 human breast cancer cells was appraised by MTT, LDH, wound healing, cell cycle, DAPI, Annexin-V-PI assays.. The results showed variations between the investigated extracts in terms of inhibitory activity against enzymes, such as acetyl- and butyrilcholinesterase. Chamomile and parsley extracts were active only against tested Gram-positive cocci, while all tested extracts displayed antifungal effects. Among the screened samples at the highest tested concentration, namely 60μg/mL, parsley was the most active extract in terms of reducing the viability of MCF7 - human breast adenocarcinoma cell line and inducing the release of lactate dehydrogenase. On the other hand, chamomile and celery extracts manifested potent anti-migratory effects. Furthermore, celery extract was the most active in terms of total apoptotic events, while chamomile extract induced the highest necrosis rate.. The screened samples containing phytochemicals belonging in majority to the class of flavonoids and polyphenols can represent candidates for antimicrobial and anticancer agents.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apium; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Proliferation; Chamomile; Female; Fungi; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Mycoses; Petroselinum; Plant Extracts

The synthesis of some natural and synthetic biflavonoids was performed in good overall yields starting from readily available materials via high yielding aldol and Ullmann condensations. Some of these compounds, especially bichalcones, display an interesting activity against fungi, higher than that of the corresponding monomers.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Biflavonoids; Fungi; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Mycoses