antimony-sodium-gluconate and Neglected-Diseases

Leishmaniasis is a disease predominantly prevalent in the tropics, considered as one of the primary neglected diseases, preferably affects individuals of low socioeconomic status. Although this condition is well described in children, disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis is a rare form of increasing importance and multiple cases observed in the adult population; however, still little described in children.. We present the case of a 12-year-old male, who has multiple ulcerative and nodular lesions distributed throughout the body, of ∼1 year of evolution that did not respond to antimicrobial treatment. After the diagnostic process, positive serological tests were found for leishmaniasis, with improvement in the picture after the use of sodium stibogluconate.. Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis is a clinical form that is described with increasing frequency and should be recognized and treated appropriately, mainly in the pediatric population, avoiding complications and sequelae.

Topics: Adult; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Child; Humans; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Male; Neglected Diseases; Peru

Leishmaniasis is a protozoan zoonotic parasitic infection with cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral manifestations. Israel is endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis, which is a self-limited disease but is associated with scarring, which is often a source of psychological and social burden for patients. Scars can be especially devastating for children and teenagers. A wide range of physical and medical approaches is used to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis, among which intralesional injections of sodium stibogluconate rank among the most frequently used. Unfortunately, despite being effective, this therapeutic modality can be very painful. Fractional ablative laser creates a controlled mesh-like pattern of tissue ablation in the skin that promotes dermal remodeling and collagen production while at the same time facilitating enhanced delivery of topically applied medications.. Patients were treated with fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser followed by immediate topical application of sodium stibogluconate. All children were diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis prior to treatment initiation... Ten children were treated. One leishmania tropica-positive girl failed to respond. The other nine patients achieved clinical cure and demonstrated good to excellent final cosmesis. Self-rated patient satisfaction and tolerance were high No adverse effects were observed or reported during treatment.. Fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser followed by topical sodium stibogluconate application appears to be a safe and promising treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis infection in children. Future controlled studies are required to validate these findings and compare this technique with traditional approaches.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adolescent; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Lasers, Gas; Leishmania; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Male; Neglected Diseases; Patient Satisfaction; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome

Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a neglected parasitic disease that occurs after apparent cure from visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and poses a challenge for elimination of VL, being its proposed reservoir. Several epidemiological studies have proposed that sex hormones may account for the increased susceptibility of males towards infectious diseases, including leishmaniasis; however, the role of testosterone and sex bias, if any, in PKDL has not been evaluated.. The study population included 87 patients with PKDL and 39 with VL; levels of testosterone were measured by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay along with their levels of antileishmanial immunoglobulin and IgG. The association of testosterone, if any, was then correlated with age, gender, humoral response, lesional profile, disease duration, and lag period.. A male predominance was evident in PKDL, not in VL; importantly, this male bias was predominant postpubertal, strongly indicative of an association between sex hormone and disease progression. Male patients with PKDL had significantly higher levels of testosterone, which regressed significantly with miltefosine, not with sodium antimony gluconate. Additionally, a significant correlation was found between plasma testosterone and antileishmanial IgG.. Taken together, our study has established a male dominance in PKDL, which showed a strong association with testosterone. This information should be taken into consideration for disease monitoring and control.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antibodies, Protozoan; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; India; Leishmania donovani; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Male; Neglected Diseases; Phosphorylcholine; Sex Factors; Testosterone; Young Adult

Visceral leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease endemic in East Africa where improved patient-adapted treatments are needed. The Leishmaniasis East Africa Platform (LEAP) was created in 2003 to strengthen clinical research capacity, serve as a base for training, and evaluate and facilitate implementation of new treatments. Major infrastructure upgrades and personnel training have been carried out. A short course of Sodium Stibogluconate and Paramomycin (SSG&PM) was evaluated and is now first-line treatment in the region; alternative treatments have also been assessed. LEAP can serve as a successful model of collaboration between different partners and countries when conducting clinical research in endemic countries to international standards.

Topics: Africa, Eastern; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Biomedical Research; Capacity Building; Cooperative Behavior; Endemic Diseases; Humans; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Neglected Diseases; Paromomycin