antimony-sodium-gluconate and Fever

Twenty-one Indian patients with visceral leishmaniasis who did not respond to or relapsed after 28-60 days of pentavalent antimony therapy were treated with amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC). Five infusions (3 mg/kg each) given every second day over 9 days (total dose, 15 mg/kg) resulted in a 100% apparent cure response. In 4 other patients who had not responded to antimony, apparent cure was also induced by ABLC given 3 mg/kg a day 5 consecutive days (total dose, 15 mg/kg). Fever and chills developed routinely during the initial 2-h infusions; these reactions were tolerated and diminished with successive infusions. Six months after treatment, all 25 patients were healthy, had parasite-free bone marrow aspirates, and were considered cured. ABLC is effective short-course therapy for kala-azar patients who do not respond to conventional antimony treatment.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Resistance; Female; Fever; Humans; India; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Lipids; Liposomes; Male

To determine the clinical and biochemical characteristics of Yemeni adults and children with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and the differences between them.. A prospective cross-sectional study on patients with bone marrow aspirate confirmed VL evaluated at Al-Jomhori Teaching Hospital in Sana'a, Yemen.. Twenty-eight (59.6%) patients were adults with a mean age (± SD) of 24.3 years ± 9.2 and 19 (40.4%) patients were children with a mean age (± SD) of 7.1 years ± 4.7. Fever, pallor, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were the most common clinical findings. Hypoalbuminaemia, hyperglobulinaemia, elevated LDH, hypocalcaemia and elevated CRP were common biochemical abnormalities. There was no significant difference in splenomegaly size or biochemical parameters with regard to grade of parasitic load. Both children and adults showed similar significant improvement after treatment.. Biochemical abnormalities were not related to degree of parasitic load and there were no clinical, biochemical or treatment differences between adults and children.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Fever; Hepatomegaly; Hospitals, Teaching; Humans; Leishmania donovani; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Splenomegaly; Treatment Outcome; Yemen; Young Adult

With expanding travel activities, visceral leishmaniasis increasingly occurs in non-endemic areas and affects immunocompetent individuals with no other risk factor than holidays at the Mediterranean coast. We report 3 instructive Swiss cases of visceral leishmaniasis presenting with fever of unknown origin and pancytopenia and review current diagnostic and therapeutic concepts.

Topics: Adult; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fever; HIV Infections; Humans; Leishmania donovani; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Male; Mediterranean Region; Travel

Because of the large number of cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) recorded in Brazil over the last few years, this disease has been showing characteristics different from previously known ones. We report cases of pregnant women treated for VL, describing their course and outcome and the chemotherapeutic medication used according to the clinical signs and symptoms of each patient.. We report five cases of pregnant women treated for VL in a central-western region of Brazil.. No case of vertical transmission was observed, even in patients who were treated after delivery. One of the patients with a late diagnosis made after the onset of symptoms died. Thus, the treatment of VL during pregnancy reduces maternal mortality and the rate of vertical transmission of the disease, being safe and effective as long as the disease is diagnosed early.. At present, amphotericin B and its derivatives appear to be the best therapeutic option for the mother-child binomial.

Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Animals; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Brazil; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Combinations; Female; Fever; Hepatomegaly; Humans; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy Outcome; Splenomegaly

Topics: Anorexia; Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Biopsy, Needle; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Fever; Humans; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Lymphadenitis; Nepal; Weight Loss

Topics: Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Antiprotozoal Agents; Child; Dermatomyositis; Fever; Humans; Leishmaniasis, Visceral; Male; Pain