amphotericin-b and Colitis

Mucormycosis is rare, life-threatening fungal infection. Frequently observed in those patients having underlying immunosuppression such as, diabetes, organ transplantation, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and elevated serum iron. However, invasive intestinal mucormycosis occurring in immunocompetent individuals without the traditional risk factors is extremely rare clinical phenomenon.. We report a 40-year-old male patient who presented with 1 week history of diffuse abdominal pain and high grade fever, associated with vomiting and frequent loose stools. Has history of chronic alcohol ingestion. Otherwise, no past history of chronic medical illness, nor he had contact with individuals with similar illness. He was in a septic shock with multiple organ failure up on presentation to emergency room. Physical examination revealed icterus sclera with abdominal tenderness. He was immediately resuscitated using crystalloids, supported with inotrope, and antibiotics. Histopathological examination of tissue sample from colonic ulcer biopsy revealed invasive intestinal mucormycosis. Patient showed full clinical and histopathological resolution after course of parenteral Liposomal Amphotercin B.. This case highlights the fact that, despite its life-threatening nature, it's possible to treat patients with invasive intestinal mucormycosis with aggressive antifungal and supportive care without surgical intervention, provided that all the necessary supportive care were initiated early and the disease was diagnosed early and appropriate medical management was initiated timely. In addition, it's important to consider intestinal mucormycosis even in patients who are immunocompetent without traditional risk factors.

Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Biopsy; Colitis; Disease Susceptibility; Early Diagnosis; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Male; Mucormycosis; Multiple Organ Failure; Risk Factors; Shock, Septic; Time-to-Treatment

Compared to bacteria, the role of fungi within the intestinal microbiota is poorly understood. In this study we investigated whether the presence of a "healthy" fungal community in the gut is important for modulating immune function. Prolonged oral treatment of mice with antifungal drugs resulted in increased disease severity in acute and chronic models of colitis, and also exacerbated the development of allergic airway disease. Microbiota profiling revealed restructuring of fungal and bacterial communities. Specifically, representation of Candida spp. was reduced, while Aspergillus, Wallemia, and Epicoccum spp. were increased. Oral supplementation with a mixture of three fungi found to expand during antifungal treatment (Aspergillus amstelodami, Epicoccum nigrum, and Wallemia sebi) was sufficient to recapitulate the exacerbating effects of antifungal drugs on allergic airway disease. Taken together, these results indicate that disruption of commensal fungal populations can influence local and peripheral immune responses and enhance relevant disease states.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Bacteria; Base Sequence; Colitis; Dietary Supplements; Drug Hypersensitivity; Dysbiosis; Fluconazole; Fungi; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Hypersensitivity; Intestines; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Biopsy; Colitis; Colonoscopy; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus neoformans; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flucytosine; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Intestinal Mucosa; Male

Penicillium marneffei is an opportunistic pathogen predominantly found in Southeast Asia. Systemic infection of Penicillium marneffei has protean manifestations including fever, weight loss, anaemia, skin lesions, and lymphadenopathy. We report a rare case of penicillium colitis in an AIDS patient who responded successfully to a course of amphotericin B therapy.

Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Colitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Fever; Humans; Male; Mycoses; Penicillium

Sensitivity of 50 Candida fungus strains isolated from patients with chronic intestine diseases was studied with respect to amphotericin B, levorin, enteroseptol, intestopan and decamethoxin. The rate of forming resistant variants of the strains with respect to decamethoxin and development of their cross resistance to levorin was estimated. It was shown that decamethoxin was the most active antifungal drug among the drugs tested. Estimation of sensitivity of the Candida strains to enteroseptol and intestopan revealed that the fungicidal concentration of enteroseptol for 78 per cent of the strains ranged within 3.9-7.8 micrograms/ml. It was demonstrated that development of resistance to decamethoxin in the strains of Candida albicans was slow and did not reach high levels. No cross resistance between decamethoxin and levorin was detected.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Candicidin; Candida; Clioquinol; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Decamethonium Compounds; Drug Combinations; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Feces; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oxyquinoline; Quinaldines

Identification of the cause and subsequent specific therapy are indicated for those prolonged or relapsing fevers that follow abdominal surgery. On rare occasions, these fevers can be attributed to potentially life-threatening occult infections, including maxillary sinusitis, acute cholecystitis, antibiotic-related pseudomembranous colitis, toxic shock syndrome, systemic candidiasis, and transfusion-related cytomegalovirus disease, malaria, and babesiosis. Early recognition and appropriate treatment of these infections relieve anxiety, reduce hospital costs, and increase patient survival rates.

Topics: Abdomen; Acute Disease; Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Candidiasis; Cholecystitis; Clostridium Infections; Colitis; Fever; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Intubation, Gastrointestinal; Intubation, Intratracheal; Maxillary Sinus; Postoperative Complications; Shock, Septic; Sinusitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Transfusion Reaction

Topics: Amphotericin B; Biopsy; Colitis; Diarrhea; Histoplasma; Histoplasmosis; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mucous Membrane; Rectum

Topics: Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Candidiasis; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Prednisolone; Vitamin K