amphotericin-b and Anorexia

In the last decade, the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in eating behavior and anxiety-depressive disorders has gained increasing attention. Although a gut microbiota dysbiosis has been reported in anorectic patients, its pathophysiological role remains poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to characterize the potential role of gut microbiota by evaluating the effects of its depletion in the Activity-Based Anorexia (ABA) mouse model both in male and female mice.. Male and female C57Bl/6 mice were submitted (ABA group) or not (CT group) to the ABA protocol, which combines access to a running wheel with a progressive limited food access. Gut microbiota was previously depleted or not by a cocktail of antibiotics (ATB) delivered by oral gavages. We monitored body composition, anxiety-like behavior, leptin and adiponectin plasma levels, hypothalamic and hippocampal neuropeptides mRNA levels, as well as dopamine (DRD) and serotonin (5HT1 and 4) receptors mRNA expression.. In response to the ABA model, the body weight loss was less pronounced in ATB-treated ABA compared to untreated ABA, while food intake remained unaffected by ATB treatment. ATB-treated ABA exhibited increased fat mass and decreased lean mass compared to untreated ABA both in male and female mice, whereas but plasma adipokine concentrations were affected in a sex-dependent manner. Only male ABA mice showed a reduced anticipatory physical activity in response to ATB treatment. Similarly, anxiety-like behavior was mainly affected in ATB-treated ABA male mice compared to ATB-treated ABA female mice, which was associated with male-specific alterations of hypothalamic CRH mRNA and hippocampal DRD and 5-HT1A mRNA levels.. Our study provides evidence that ATB-induced gut microbiota depletion triggers alterations of nutritional and behavioral responses to the activity-based anorexia model in a sex-dependent manner.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Anorexia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nutritional Status; RNA, Messenger; Sex Factors

Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Anorexia; Antifungal Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Emergencies; Endemic Diseases; Guyana; Hallucinations; Histoplasma; Histoplasmosis; HIV Infections; Humans; Incidental Findings; Itraconazole; Leukocytes; Male

Topics: Amphotericin B; Anorexia; Antifungal Agents; Aspergillosis; Blastomycosis; Candidiasis; Coccidioidomycosis; Cryptococcosis; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Gynecomastia; Histoplasmosis; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Kidney Diseases; Liposomes; Male; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Mucormycosis; Nausea; Paracoccidioidomycosis; Sporotrichosis; Teratogens

Disseminated infection with Histoplasma capsulatum frequently involves the nervous system, but the CNS process is generally not clinically apparent. We report an unusual case of a renal transplant recipient with long-standing immunosuppression who presented with clinical evidence of mass lesions in both his cerebral cortex and his spinal cord. Findings of CSF examination were normal, but stereotaxic biopsies of his cortical lesions demonstrated yeast forms and cultures of biopsy specimens yielded H. capsulatum. Clinical defects referable to both the cortical and spinal lesions decreased in severity after the patient received antifungal therapy. Our case illustrates that disseminated histoplasmosis can present in myriad ways and that widespread disease in the CNS can be occult in immunocompromised patients.

Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Anorexia; Brain Diseases; Follow-Up Studies; Histoplasmosis; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Kidney Transplantation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Postoperative Complications; Spinal Cord Diseases; Weight Loss

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Amphotericin B; Anorexia; Blood Platelets; Blood Transfusion; Candidiasis; Drug Eruptions; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Injections, Intramuscular; Leucovorin; Methotrexate; Nausea; Osteosarcoma; Pneumothorax; Stomatitis; Vomiting