Page last updated: 2024-10-25

amphetamine and Addiction, Opioid

amphetamine has been researched along with Addiction, Opioid in 44 studies

Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.
1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.
amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Sixty-five children whose mothers were addicted to amphetamine during pregnancy were followed prospectively until eight years of age, when they were tested in their homes."7.67Health and development of 8-year-old children whose mothers abused amphetamine during pregnancy. ( Billing, L; Eriksson, M; Steneroth, G; Zetterström, R, 1989)
"A group of 69 amphetamine-addicted women who all abused during part of or the whole pregnancy have been followed since the birth of the index child born in 1976 or 1977."7.67Influence of pregnancy and child-rearing on amphetamine-addicted women. Five-year follow-up after delivery. ( Eriksson, M; Steneroth, G; Zetterström, R, 1986)
"Sixty-five children whose mothers were addicted to amphetamine during pregnancy were followed prospectively until eight years of age, when they were tested in their homes."3.67Health and development of 8-year-old children whose mothers abused amphetamine during pregnancy. ( Billing, L; Eriksson, M; Steneroth, G; Zetterström, R, 1989)
"A group of 69 amphetamine-addicted women who all abused during part of or the whole pregnancy have been followed since the birth of the index child born in 1976 or 1977."3.67Influence of pregnancy and child-rearing on amphetamine-addicted women. Five-year follow-up after delivery. ( Eriksson, M; Steneroth, G; Zetterström, R, 1986)
"Methadone treatment appears to be associated with relatively intact cognitive control in opioid dependent individuals."1.40Cognitive control in opioid dependence and methadone maintenance treatment. ( Chen, PC; Chen, WT; Fang, SC; Hu, S; Huang, CY; Lee, TS; Li, CS; Liao, DL; Wu, CS, 2014)
"The aim of this study was the assessment of disorders after chronic intake of psychoactive drugs, like marijuana, amphetamine, ecstasy, cocaine and opiates."1.32[Assessment of disorders after chronic psychoactive drug abuse in patients hospitalized in detoxification units]. ( Chrostek Maj, J; Kamenczak, A; Kroch, S; Polewka, A; Szerszeń-Motyka, J, 2004)
" The statistical distribution of the drug concentrations compared with the self-reported consumption behaviour of the users may possibly lead to a better understanding of the relationship between drug dosage and corresponding concentrations in hair."1.29Concentrations of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine and 6-monoacetylmorphine in hair of drug abusers. ( Kauert, G; Röhrich, J, 1996)
"Two hundred Norwegian substance abusers who consecutively applied for treatment in a hierarchical therapeutic community were divided into two different groups according to intake procedures: the intake group (IG) and the nonintake group (No-IG)."1.28Different intake procedures. The influence on treatment start and treatment response--a quasi-experimental study. ( Ravndal, E; Vaglum, P, 1992)
"Amphetamine was rarely observed prior to 1985 but comprised half of the illegal drugs examined in 1988."1.28[Narcotic abuse in Jylland. A study based on narcotics and deaths of addicts examined at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Aarhus during the period 1981-1988. 1. Narcotics]. ( Kaa, E, 1990)
"Amphetamine alone was rarely the cause of death but the drug was seen in an increasing number of deaths in recent years."1.28[Narcotic abuse in Jylland. A study based on narcotics and deaths of addicts examined at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Aarhus during the period 1981-1988. 2. Deaths among addicts]. ( Kaa, E, 1990)
"Levels of drug abuse and levels of affluence, in society, change over time."1.27Drug abuse and affluence in five countries: a study of economic and health conditions, 1960-1975. ( Murray, GF; Smart, RG, 1983)
"A group of 329 hospitalized drug abusers were evaluated for a current or past diagnosis of alcoholism."1.27A comparison of alcoholic and nonalcoholic drug abusers. ( Griffin, ML; Michael, JL; Mirin, SM; Weiss, RD, 1988)
" When used to evaluate hypotheses derived from Optimal Level of Arousal (OLA) theory, data from this study showed an association between the trait measured and drug(s) of choice among men committed to the heavy, chronic use of particular substances."1.27Drugs and personality: dependence of findings on method. ( Shontz, FC; Spotts, JV, 1986)

Research

Studies (44)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199015 (34.09)18.7374
1990's13 (29.55)18.2507
2000's4 (9.09)29.6817
2010's4 (9.09)24.3611
2020's8 (18.18)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Wang, TY1
Lu, RB1
Lee, SY1
Chang, YH1
Chen, SL1
Tsai, TY1
Tseng, HH1
Chen, PS1
Chen, KC1
Yang, YK1
Hong, JS1
Black, E2
Mammen, K2
Deacon, RM2
Ezard, N2
Mills, L2
Dunlop, AJ2
Montebello, M2
Reid, D2
Childs, S2
Bruno, R2
Shakeshaft, A2
Siefried, KJ2
Farrell, M2
Holmes, J2
Lintzeris, N2
Lin, YF1
Chou, WH1
Liu, TH1
Fang, CP1
Kuo, HW1
Kuo, PH1
Tsai, SJ1
Wang, SC1
Chung, RH1
Tsou, HH1
Chen, ACH1
Liu, YL1
Rockhill, KM1
Olson, R1
Dart, RC1
Iwanicki, JL1
Black, JC1
Chawarski, MC1
Hawk, K2
Edelman, EJ2
O'Connor, P1
Owens, P2
Martel, S2
Coupet, E2
Whiteside, L1
Tsui, JI1
Rothman, R1
Cowan, E2
Richardson, L2
Lyons, MS2
Fiellin, DA2
D'Onofrio, G2
Vohra, V1
King, A1
Daviskiba, S1
Reed, B1
Rockhill, S1
Kern, P1
Dean, D1
Chawarski, M1
O'Connor, PG1
Huntley, K1
Whiteside, LK1
Rothman, RE1
Pantalon, M1
Palamar, JJ2
Acosta, P1
Cleland, CM1
Sherman, S1
Le, A1
Liao, DL1
Huang, CY1
Hu, S1
Fang, SC1
Wu, CS1
Chen, WT1
Lee, TS1
Chen, PC1
Li, CS1
Arendt, M1
Munk-Jørgensen, P1
Sher, L1
Jensen, SO1
Ojanperä, IA1
Heikman, PK1
Rasanen, IJ1
Chrostek Maj, J1
Kroch, S1
Kamenczak, A1
Polewka, A1
Szerszeń-Motyka, J1
Vezina, P1
Ersche, KD1
Roiser, JP1
Robbins, TW1
Sahakian, BJ1
Weis, OF1
Sriwatanakul, K1
Alloza, JL1
Weintraub, M1
Lasagna, L1
Leifer, ED1
Goldman, J1
Finnegan, LP1
Smart, RG1
Murray, GF1
Spotts, JV3
Shontz, FC3
Olesen, OV1
Linnet, K1
Rosenberg, R1
Schütz, CG1
Rapiti, E1
Vlahov, D1
Anthony, JC1
Hall, W1
Darke, S1
Ross, M1
Wodak, A1
Kauert, G1
Röhrich, J1
Uhl, GR2
Vandenbergh, DJ1
Miner, LL1
Persico, AM1
Bird, G1
Gabbay, FH1
Sell, SL1
France, CP1
Struthers, JM1
Hansen, RL1
Ravndal, E1
Vaglum, P1
Bennett, G2
Rigby, K2
Goddard, S1
Kaa, E2
Mueser, KT1
Yarnold, PR1
Levinson, DF1
Singh, H1
Bellack, AS1
Kee, K1
Morrison, RL1
Yadalam, KG1
Eriksson, M2
Billing, L1
Steneroth, G2
Zetterström, R2
Giggs, J1
Bean, P1
Whynes, D1
Wilkinson, C1
Wehr, K1
Maier, RD1
Bergsø, P1
Jacobson, B1
Nyberg, K1
Eklund, G1
Bygdeman, M1
Rydberg, U1
Weiss, RD1
Mirin, SM1
Griffin, ML1
Michael, JL1
Kringsholm, B1
Nielsen, NH1
Renfroe, CL1
Messinger, TA1

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Opioid Use Disorder in the Emergency Department: Clinical Trials Network-0069[NCT03023930]1,731 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-04-03Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Effectiveness

The primary effectiveness outcome is defined as the rates of patient engagement in formal addiction treatment on the 30th day post enrollment. (NCT03023930)
Timeframe: 30 Days Post Enrollment

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Baseline Evaluation Period Cohort40
IF Evaluation Period Cohort59

Implementation (Considered the Primary Outcome)

The primary implementation outcome will be evaluated assessing the rate of ED-initiated BUP therapy with referral for ongoing MAT (NCT03023930)
Timeframe: 12 months

InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Baseline Evaluation Period Cohort2
IF Evaluation Period Cohort53

Reviews

1 review available for amphetamine and Addiction, Opioid

ArticleYear
Knockout mice and dirty drugs. Drug addiction.
    Current biology : CB, 1996, Aug-01, Volume: 6, Issue:8

    Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cocaine; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Protei

1996

Other Studies

43 other studies available for amphetamine and Addiction, Opioid

ArticleYear
Association Between Inflammatory Cytokines, Executive Function, and Substance Use in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder and Amphetamine-Type Stimulants Use Disorder.
    The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2023, 01-19, Volume: 26, Issue:1

    Topics: Amphetamine; Biomarkers; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C-Reactive Protein; Central Nervous Syst

2023
Health and social characteristics of clients reporting amphetamine type substance use at entry to public alcohol and other drug services in New South Wales, Australia, 2016-2019.
    Drug and alcohol review, 2023, Volume: 42, Issue:2

    Topics: Amphetamine; Australia; Ethanol; Humans; New South Wales; Opioid-Related Disorders; Quality of Life;

2023
Health and social characteristics of clients reporting amphetamine type substance use at entry to public alcohol and other drug services in New South Wales, Australia, 2016-2019.
    Drug and alcohol review, 2023, Volume: 42, Issue:2

    Topics: Amphetamine; Australia; Ethanol; Humans; New South Wales; Opioid-Related Disorders; Quality of Life;

2023
Health and social characteristics of clients reporting amphetamine type substance use at entry to public alcohol and other drug services in New South Wales, Australia, 2016-2019.
    Drug and alcohol review, 2023, Volume: 42, Issue:2

    Topics: Amphetamine; Australia; Ethanol; Humans; New South Wales; Opioid-Related Disorders; Quality of Life;

2023
Health and social characteristics of clients reporting amphetamine type substance use at entry to public alcohol and other drug services in New South Wales, Australia, 2016-2019.
    Drug and alcohol review, 2023, Volume: 42, Issue:2

    Topics: Amphetamine; Australia; Ethanol; Humans; New South Wales; Opioid-Related Disorders; Quality of Life;

2023
Splice-Site Variants in the Gene Encoding GABA-A Receptor Delta Subunit Are Associated with Amphetamine Use in Patients under Methadone Maintenance Treatment.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Dec-31, Volume: 24, Issue:1

    Topics: Amphetamine; Genotype; Humans; Methadone; Opioid-Related Disorders; Receptors, GABA-A; RNA Splice Si

2022
Differing Behaviors Around Adult Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants and Opioids: Latent Class Analysis.
    Journal of medical Internet research, 2023, 09-20, Volume: 25

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Analgesics, Opioid; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Child; COVID-19; Cross-Se

2023
Use of Amphetamine-Type Stimulants Among Emergency Department Patients With Untreated Opioid Use Disorder.
    Annals of emergency medicine, 2020, Volume: 76, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Case-Control Studies; Central Nervous System Stim

2020
Stimulant storm - state health department psychostimulant age-adjusted mortality rate correlates with psychostimulant-based Michigan Poison Center case exposures over time.
    Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2021, Volume: 59, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dextroamphetamine; Drug Overdose; Female; Hum

2021
Emergency department patients with untreated opioid use disorder: A comparison of those seeking versus not seeking referral to substance use treatment.
    Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021, 02-01, Volume: 219

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Baltimore; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Overdose; Emergency Service, Hospital;

2021
Reliability of a Rapid Screener for an Intercept Survey about Drug Use.
    Substance use & misuse, 2021, Volume: 56, Issue:12

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Repro

2021
Discordant reporting of nonmedical amphetamine use among Adderall-using high school seniors in the US.
    Drug and alcohol dependence, 2017, 12-01, Volume: 181

    Topics: Adolescent; Amphetamine; Amphetamines; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Opioid-Related

2017
Cognitive control in opioid dependence and methadone maintenance treatment.
    PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Cognition; Comorbidity; Demography; Humans; Maintenance Chemotherapy; Male; Meth

2014
Mortality among individuals with cannabis, cocaine, amphetamine, MDMA, and opioid use disorders: a nationwide follow-up study of Danish substance users in treatment.
    Drug and alcohol dependence, 2011, Apr-01, Volume: 114, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Analgesics, Opioid; Cannabis; Cocaine; Cohort Studies; Denmark; Female; Follow-U

2011
Urine analysis of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone in opioid-dependent patients by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
    Therapeutic drug monitoring, 2011, Volume: 33, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Benzodioxoles; Designer Drugs; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hum

2011
[Assessment of disorders after chronic psychoactive drug abuse in patients hospitalized in detoxification units].
    Przeglad lekarski, 2004, Volume: 61, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Cannabis; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Di

2004
Sensitization, drug addiction and psychopathology in animals and humans.
    Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2007, Nov-15, Volume: 31, Issue:8

    Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dopamine; Environment; Hum

2007
Chronic cocaine but not chronic amphetamine use is associated with perseverative responding in humans.
    Psychopharmacology, 2008, Volume: 197, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Appetitive Behavior; Associatio

2008
Attitudes of patients, housestaff, and nurses toward postoperative analgesic care.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 1983, Volume: 62, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphetamine; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Attitude; Attitude of Health P

1983
Prevalence and implications of multi-drug abuse in a population of methadone-maintained women.
    NIDA research monograph, 1983, Volume: 43

    Topics: Amphetamine; Diazepam; Female; Heroin; Humans; Methadone; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pregn

1983
Drug abuse and affluence in five countries: a study of economic and health conditions, 1960-1975.
    Drug and alcohol dependence, 1983, Volume: 11, Issue:3-4

    Topics: Amphetamine; Canada; Cannabis; Health; Hong Kong; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Socioeconomic Fa

1983
Ego development, dragon fights, and chronic drug abusers.
    The International journal of the addictions, 1982, Volume: 17, Issue:6

    Topics: Adolescent; Amphetamine; Barbiturates; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Cocaine; Ego; Hum

1982
[Results of urinary control analyses of narcotic addicts on methadone therapy. An evaluation in the county of ]rhus in 1993].
    Ugeskrift for laeger, 1995, Feb-06, Volume: 157, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Benzodiazepines; Cannabinoids; Denmark; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Hum

1995
Suspected determinants of enrollment into detoxification and methadone maintenance treatment among injecting drug users.
    Drug and alcohol dependence, 1994, Volume: 36, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Baltimore; Cocaine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studi

1994
Patterns of drug use and risk-taking among injecting amphetamine and opioid drug users in Sydney, Australia.
    Addiction (Abingdon, England), 1993, Volume: 88, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Incidence;

1993
Concentrations of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine and 6-monoacetylmorphine in hair of drug abusers.
    International journal of legal medicine, 1996, Volume: 108, Issue:6

    Topics: 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine; Accidents, Traffic; Amphetamine; Cocaine; Crime; Designer Drugs; Dron

1996
D2 dopamine receptor gene TaqI A1 and B1 restriction fragment length polymorphisms: enhanced frequencies in psychostimulant-preferring polysubstance abusers.
    Biological psychiatry, 1996, Oct-15, Volume: 40, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Cocaine; Female; Genetic Markers; Humans; Limbic System; Male; Mesencephalon; Op

1996
Cocaine and amphetamine attenuate the discriminative stimulus effects of naltrexone in opioid-dependent rhesus monkeys.
    The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2002, Volume: 301, Issue:3

    Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Cocaine; Discrimination, Psychological; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Respo

2002
Visual recognition memory in drug-exposed infants.
    Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP, 1992, Volume: 13, Issue:2

    Topics: Amphetamine; Cocaine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intelligence Tests

1992
Different intake procedures. The influence on treatment start and treatment response--a quasi-experimental study.
    Journal of substance abuse treatment, 1992, Volume: 9, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholism; Amphetamine; Female; HIV Seroprevalence; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; N

1992
Psychological change during residence in a rehabilitation centre for female drug misusers. Part I. Drug misusers.
    Drug and alcohol dependence, 1991, Volume: 27, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Anxiety; Depression; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Opioid-Relat

1991
Psychological change during residence in a rehabilitation centre for female drug misusers. Part II. Children of drug misusers.
    Drug and alcohol dependence, 1991, Volume: 27, Issue:2

    Topics: Achievement; Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Aptitude; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child of Imp

1991
[Narcotic abuse in Jylland. A study based on narcotics and deaths of addicts examined at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Aarhus during the period 1981-1988. 1. Narcotics].
    Ugeskrift for laeger, 1990, Apr-09, Volume: 152, Issue:15

    Topics: Amphetamine; Cocaine; Codeine; Denmark; Designer Drugs; Hallucinogens; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Ma

1990
[Narcotic abuse in Jylland. A study based on narcotics and deaths of addicts examined at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Aarhus during the period 1981-1988. 2. Deaths among addicts].
    Ugeskrift for laeger, 1990, Apr-09, Volume: 152, Issue:15

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholic Intoxication; Amphetamine; Denmark; Dextropropoxyphene; Female; Heroin

1990
Prevalence of substance abuse in schizophrenia: demographic and clinical correlates.
    Schizophrenia bulletin, 1990, Volume: 16, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholism; Amphetamine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male

1990
Health and development of 8-year-old children whose mothers abused amphetamine during pregnancy.
    Acta paediatrica Scandinavica, 1989, Volume: 78, Issue:6

    Topics: Amphetamine; Child Behavior Disorders; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Female; Growth; Humans;

1989
Class A drug users: prevalence and characteristics in greater Nottingham.
    British journal of addiction, 1989, Volume: 84, Issue:12

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Cross-Sectional Studies; England; Female; Humans; Incidence; Lysergi

1989
[Analysis of regional trends in narcotic studies between 1980 and 1986].
    Zeitschrift fur Rechtsmedizin. Journal of legal medicine, 1989, Volume: 102, Issue:8

    Topics: Amphetamine; Cocaine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug and Narcotic Control; Germany, West; Heroin Depe

1989
[Is nitrous oxide during labor a predisposing factor for later amphetamine abuse in children?].
    Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 1989, Oct-10, Volume: 109, Issue:28

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphetamine; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Female; Humans; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Ni

1989
Obstetric pain medication and eventual adult amphetamine addiction in offspring.
    Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 1988, Volume: 67, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Female; Humans; Nitrous Oxide; Opioid-Related Disorders

1988
A comparison of alcoholic and nonalcoholic drug abusers.
    Journal of studies on alcohol, 1988, Volume: 49, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amphetamine; Bipolar Disorder; Cocaine; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Hypn

1988
[Fatal intracerebral hemorrhage associated with consumption of amphetamine].
    Ugeskrift for laeger, 1988, May-30, Volume: 150, Issue:22

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders

1988
Influence of pregnancy and child-rearing on amphetamine-addicted women. Five-year follow-up after delivery.
    Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1986, Volume: 73, Issue:6

    Topics: Alcoholism; Amphetamine; Child; Child Rearing; Child Welfare; Child, Preschool; Crime; Female; Follo

1986
Drugs and personality: dependence of findings on method.
    The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 1986, Volume: 12, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Amphetamine; Arousal; Barbiturates; Cocaine; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lysergic Acid D

1986
Street drug analysis: an eleven year perspective on illicit drug alteration.
    Seminars in adolescent medicine, 1985, Volume: 1, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Amphetamine; Cocaine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hallucinogens; Humans; Hypnotics and Seda

1985
A new perspective on intervention in heavy, chronic drug use.
    The International journal of the addictions, 1985, Volume: 20, Issue:10

    Topics: Amphetamine; Chronic Disease; Cocaine; Dependency, Psychological; Ego; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and

1985