amoxicillin-potassium-clavulanate-combination and Urolithiasis

To determine the efficacy and safety of a urinary acidifier (d,l-methionine [Methio-Form]) and an antimicrobial agent (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [Clavamox]) without changing diet for dissolving infection-induced struvite urocystoliths in dogs.. 14 dogs were recruited for this prospective study; 11 completed it and 3 dogs withdrew due to inability of the owners to administer the treatment (n = 2) or refusal of treatment by the dog (1).. All dogs were administered d,l-methionine (approx initial dose of 75 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (22 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) based on urine culture and sensitivity. Urine pH, urinalysis, urine culture, venous blood gas and serum biochemical analysis, and lateral survey abdominal radiographic images were evaluated initially and every 4 weeks until urolith dissolution (success) or lack of change in size and/or shape of urocystoliths on 2 consecutive reevaluation points (failure) occurred.. Uroliths dissolved in 8 of 11 dogs in a median of 2 months (range, 1 to 4 months) with a final effective dosage of d,l-methionine of approximately 100 mg/kg, PO, every 12 hours. In 3 dogs, uroliths failed to dissolve and were removed surgically; they contained variable amounts of calcium oxalate. No adverse events occurred.. Infection-induced struvite urolithiasis is 1 of the 2 most common minerals occurring in canine uroliths. Results of this study supported the use of d,l-methionine and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid without changing diet for dissolution of infection-induced struvite urocystoliths in dogs.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Magnesium Compounds; Methionine; Phosphates; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Struvite; Urinary Calculi; Urolithiasis

An 11-month-old female dog was evaluated because of a 3- to 4-day history of stranguria and hematuria.. Rectal and vaginal examination and abdominal radiography revealed a large (4 x 2 cm), firm, ovoid object in the area of the pelvic inlet, between the vagina and colon.. Surgical exploration revealed an abscess and moderate amount of seropurulent fluid in the left caudal abdominal quadrant. A large urethrolith (3.7 x 2.0 x 1.5 cm) was evident in the proximal portion of the urethra. The urethrolith was associated with a 3 x 1-cm area of necrosis in the ventral aspect of the proximal portion of the urethra and a 3 x 3-cm area of necrosis in the area of the bladder trigone. The necrotic areas were débrided, and the defect was repaired with an axial pattern flap constructed from the rectus abdominis muscle. During a follow-up examination 2.5 years after surgery, the dog was clinically normal with no history of urinary incontinence. During rigid cystoscopy, the ure-thral mucosa appeared grossly normal, and there was no evidence of stricture.. Findings suggested that axial pattern flaps constructed from the rectus abdominis muscle flap may be useful in reconstructing large urinary bladder and urethral defects.

Topics: Abdominal Abscess; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Enterococcus faecalis; Female; Fluid Therapy; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Rectus Abdominis; Surgical Flaps; Treatment Outcome; Urethral Diseases; Urolithiasis