amoxicillin-potassium-clavulanate-combination and Urinary-Calculi

To determine the efficacy and safety of a urinary acidifier (d,l-methionine [Methio-Form]) and an antimicrobial agent (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [Clavamox]) without changing diet for dissolving infection-induced struvite urocystoliths in dogs.. 14 dogs were recruited for this prospective study; 11 completed it and 3 dogs withdrew due to inability of the owners to administer the treatment (n = 2) or refusal of treatment by the dog (1).. All dogs were administered d,l-methionine (approx initial dose of 75 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (22 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) based on urine culture and sensitivity. Urine pH, urinalysis, urine culture, venous blood gas and serum biochemical analysis, and lateral survey abdominal radiographic images were evaluated initially and every 4 weeks until urolith dissolution (success) or lack of change in size and/or shape of urocystoliths on 2 consecutive reevaluation points (failure) occurred.. Uroliths dissolved in 8 of 11 dogs in a median of 2 months (range, 1 to 4 months) with a final effective dosage of d,l-methionine of approximately 100 mg/kg, PO, every 12 hours. In 3 dogs, uroliths failed to dissolve and were removed surgically; they contained variable amounts of calcium oxalate. No adverse events occurred.. Infection-induced struvite urolithiasis is 1 of the 2 most common minerals occurring in canine uroliths. Results of this study supported the use of d,l-methionine and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid without changing diet for dissolution of infection-induced struvite urocystoliths in dogs.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Magnesium Compounds; Methionine; Phosphates; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Struvite; Urinary Calculi; Urolithiasis

Topics: Aged; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Community-Acquired Infections; Humans; Male; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Urinary Calculi

The efficacy of a diet designed to facilitate dissolution of feline magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) uroliths was evaluated in 30 cases of urolithiasis, sterile struvite uroliths dissolved in a mean of 36 days after initiation of dietary treatment. In 5 cases of urolithiasis, struvite urocystoliths associated with urease-negative bacterial urinary tract infection dissolved in a mean of 23 days after initiation of dietary and antimicrobial treatment. In 3 cases of urolithiasis, struvite urocystoliths associated with urease-positive staphylococcal urinary tract infection dissolved in a mean of 79 days after initiation of dietary and antimicrobial treatment. Dissolution of uroliths in cats fed the treatment diet was associated with concomitant remission of dysuria, hematuria, and pyuria, and reduction in urine pH and struvite crystalluria. In one case, a urocystolith composed of 100% ammonium urate, and in another case, a urolith composed of 60% calcium phosphate, 20% calcium oxalate, and 20% magnesium ammonium phosphate did not dissolve.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Clavulanic Acids; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Male; Phosphates; Radiography; Recurrence; Specific Gravity; Struvite; Time Factors; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections