amoxicillin-potassium-clavulanate-combination and Cat-Diseases

Some cats develop vomiting or diarrhea during administration of some antibiotics such as amoxicillin-clavulanate but how often this occurs and the severity of disease is generally unknown. In people, one of the accepted indications for the use of probiotics is to attempt and lessen antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Enterococcus faecium strain SF68 (SF68; Purina

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diarrhea; Dietary Supplements; Drug Administration Schedule; Enterococcus faecium; Feces; Female; Male; Microbiota; Probiotics; Treatment Outcome

In this study, we evaluated the treatment of feline eosinophilic plaques and lip ulcers with amoxicillin trihydrate-potassium clavulanate (Clavamox(®); Pfizer Animal Health). Nineteen cats with clinical and cytological findings consistent with eosinophilic plaques and/or lip ulcers were enrolled. Lesions were photographed and their areas measured in square centimetres before and after 21 days of therapy with either flavoured amoxicillin-clavulanate suspension or flavoured placebo suspension. Sixteen cats completed the study, with nine plaque lesions (four treatment and five placebo) and eight lip ulcer lesions (four treatment and four placebo) included in the analysis. All lesions were shown to have infection, with bacterial phagocytosis present on cytological examination. Coagulase-positive staphylococci were the most commonly isolated bacteria. The amoxicillin-clavulanate-treated eosinophilic plaque group had a statistically significant 96.2% reduction in mean lesion size (-7.60 cm(2), P = 0.0078) and an 80% reduction in mean percentage of microscopic fields demonstrating evidence of bacterial infection (P < 0.0001), whereas the placebo group did not. The amoxicillin-clavulanate-treated lip ulcer group had a 42.6% decrease in mean lesion size (-0.25 cm(2), P = 0.4125) and the placebo group a 36.6% increase (+0.49 cm(2), P = 0.1575), although neither change was statistically significant. The amoxicillin-clavulanate-treated lip ulcer group had a statistically significant 65.0% reduction in mean percentage of microscopic fields demonstrating evidence of bacterial infection (P < 0.0001), while no significant reduction was observed in the placebo group. A suspension of amoxicillin trihydrate-potassium clavulanate is an effective monotherapy for the treatment of feline eosinophilic plaques.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Eosinophilic Granuloma; Female; Male; Skin Ulcer

To compare efficacy of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefovecin, and doxycycline in shelter-housed cats with clinical signs of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD).. Randomized prospective clinical trial. Animals-48 cats with URTD.. Conjunctival and nasal swab specimens were obtained for culture and susceptibility testing, and cats were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups (16 cats/group) on day 1: amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (12.5 mg/kg [5.68 mg/lb], PO, q 12 h, for 14 days), cefovecin (8.0 mg/kg [3.64 mg/lb], SC, once), or doxycycline (10.0 mg/kg [4.55 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h, for 14 days). Oculonasal discharge, sneezing, coughing, dyspnea, demeanor, and food intake were scored twice daily for 14 days (scale, 0 [subjectively normal] to 3 [markedly abnormal]).. The most common bacterial isolates were Mycoplasma spp (n = 22) and Bordetella bronchiseptica (9). Cats treated with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or doxycycline had significantly increased body weight by day 14. Cats that received doxycycline had significantly lower overall oculonasal discharge scores than those treated with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or cefovecin. Cats treated with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or doxycycline had significantly lower overall sneezing scores than those that received cefovecin. Cats that received amoxicillin-clavulanic acid had significantly decreased demeanor and food intake scores on day 2, whereas this was detected later in other groups (demeanor score on days 5 and 7 and food intake score on days 10 and 11 in the cefovecin and doxycycline groups, respectively).. Oral administration of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or doxycycline appeared to be more effective than a single SC injection of cefovecin in treating cats with clinical signs of URTD.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cephalosporins; Doxycycline; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Housing, Animal; Male; Respiratory Tract Infections

The efficacy of clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin was compared with amoxycillin alone in experimental staphylococcal infection in dogs and in a controlled trial in clinical cases of skin infection in dogs and cats. The experimental infection was produced by subdermal inoculation with beta-lactamase producing (amoxycillin resistant) staphylococci absorbed in cotton dust. This produced discrete, localised lesions with no systemic involvement. In a cross over study, six animals were randomly allocated to treatment with either amoxycillin alone (10 mg/kg, dosed twice daily) or a formulation of clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin (12.5 mg/kg, of a 1:4 ratio, dosed twice daily). The lesions of the animals treated with clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin resolved more quickly than those treated with amoxycillin alone. The difference was significant (P less than 0.05) for both lesion diameter and inflammation score after day 6 of treatment. A trial was carried out in clinical cases of skin disease which were randomly allocated to twice daily treatment with either amoxycillin alone (10 or 20 mg/kg), or with clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin (12.5 or 25 mg/kg of a 1:4 ratio). The required duration of treatment was shorter (P less than 0.5) for the potentiated amoxycillin treatments, and the success rate (judged by cure or substantial improvement) was higher (P less than 0.05) for this group, especially (P less than 0.01) where amoxycillin resistant organisms were isolated. It was concluded that clavulanate-potentiated amoxycillin was an effective treatment of skin infections both under experimental and clinical conditions.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Clavulanic Acids; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Random Allocation; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections

The aim of this study was to evaluate initial antimicrobial therapy in cats diagnosed with upper or lower bacterial urinary tract infections at veterinary practices in the USA and Canada.. Electronic medical records from a veterinary practice corporation with clinics in the USA and Canada were queried between 2 January 2016 and 3 December 2018. Feline patient visits with a diagnosis field entry of urinary tract infection, cystitis and pyelonephritis, as well as variation of those names and more colloquial diagnoses such as kidney and bladder infection, and where an antimicrobial was prescribed, were retrieved.. Prescription data for 5724 visits were identified. Sporadic cystitis was the most common diagnosis (n = 5051 [88%]), with 491 (8.6%) cats diagnosed with pyelonephritis and 182 (3.2%) with chronic or recurrent cystitis. Cefovecin was the most commonly prescribed antimicrobial for all conditions, followed by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Significant differences in antimicrobial drug class prescribing were noted between practice types and countries, and over the 3-year study period. For sporadic cystitis, prescription of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid increased significantly and cefovecin decreased between 2016 and 2018, and 2017 and 2018, while fluoroquinolone use increased between 2017 and 2018.. The results indicate targets for intervention and some encouraging trends. Understanding how antimicrobials are used is a key component of antimicrobial stewardship and is required to establish benchmarks, identify areas for improvement, aid in the development of interventions and evaluate the impact of interventions or other changes.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cystitis; Prescriptions; Pyelonephritis; Urinary Tract Infections

Aim of the study was to collect data concerning the use of antibiotics (AB) in dogs and cats in veterinary practices and clinics in Bavaria, Germany. It was evaluated, whether changes in the use of AB since the amendment of the. Using 2 anonymous online surveys in 2017 and 2020, veterinarians treating dogs and cats in Bavaria were questioned about their usage of AB and their assessment of the current antimicrobial resistance situation. The results of both surveys were evaluated statistically and compared with each other.. While in 2017 a total of 238 questionaries were evaluated, 160 could be included in 2020. The three most commonly used antibiotics for systemic therapy were Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (74.8 % of veterinarians), Enrofloxacin (56.7 %) and Amoxicillin (53.4 %) in 2017; and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (88.8 %), Amoxicillin (67.5 %) and Metronidazole (33.8 %) in 2020, respectively. The participating veterinarians stated that their overall use of 3 rd and 4th generations cephalosporins (from 20.2 % of veterinarians in 2017 to 9.4 % in 2020, p = 0,005) as well as fluoroquinolones (from 80.3 % to 33.1 %, p < 0.001) had significantly declined. In 2020, the choice of AB in veterinarians was affected by legal requirements (83.8 %), tolerability (81.3 %), way of application (76.9 %), acceptance by the patient (70.0 %), and frequency of application (64.4 %), with the last parameter being significantly more important to veterinarians working in a practice (83.8 %, p = 0.004) than to veterinarians in a clinic.. Veterinarians report a significantly reduced usage of fluoroquinolones and 3 rd and 4th generation cephalosporines in dogs and cats compared to 2017. These changes in prescribing practice could be a consequence of the amendment of the TÄHAV, which dictates a prohibition of rededication as well as an obligation for microbial sensitivity testing for these AB classes.. Legal restrictions could have a positive influence on the amount and type of antibiotics used and therefore help to prevent antimicrobial resistance.. Ziel der Studie war es, Daten über den Einsatz von Antibiotika (AB) bei Hunden und Katzen in Tierarztpraxen und -kliniken in Bayern zu erheben. Dabei sollte evaluiert werden, ob sich Änderungen hinsichtlich des Antibiotikaeinsatzes nach Novellierung der Verordnung über Tierärztliche Hausapotheken (TÄHAV) im März 2018 ergeben haben.. Mittels zweier anonymisierter Online-Umfragen wurden 2017 und 2020 Tierärzte/-innen (TÄ) in Bayern, zu deren Patienten Hunde und Katzen zählen, zur Anwendung von AB sowie zur Einschätzung der Resistenzsituation befragt. Die Ergebnisse der beiden Umfragen wurden anschließend miteinander verglichen.. Für 2017 konnten 238 Fragebögen ausgewertet werden; 2020 waren es 160. Die 3 am häufigsten zur systemischen Therapie beim Kleintier angewendeten AB waren 2017 Amoxicillin/Clavulansäure (74,8 % der TÄ), Enrofloxacin (56,7 %) und Amoxicillin (53,4 %). 2020 wurden Amoxicillin/Clavulansäure (88,8 %), Amoxicillin (67,5 %) und Metronidazol (33,8 %) genannt. Die teilnehmenden TÄ gaben an, signifikant weniger Cephalosporine der 3. und 4. Generation (von 20,2 % der teilnehmenden TÄ in 2017 auf 9,4 % in 2020, p = 0,005) und Fluorchinolone (von 80,3 % auf 33,1 %, p < 0,001) einzusetzen. Die Wahl eines AB wurde 2020 bei 83,8 % der befragten TÄ durch rechtliche Vorgaben beeinflusst; weitere Einflussfaktoren waren Verträglichkeit (81,3 %), Applikationsart (76,9 %), Akzeptanz durch den Patienten (70,0 %) und Häufigkeit der Anwendung (64,4 %), wobei letzterer von TÄ aus der Praxis (83,8 %, p = 0,004) signifikant häufiger genannt wurden als von TÄ aus Kliniken.. Im Vergleich zu 2017 gaben TÄ 2020 einen signifikant geringeren Einsatz von Fluorchinolonen und Cephalosporinen der 3. und 4. Generation bei Hund und Katze an. Diese Änderungen im Verschreibungsverhalten könnten Folgen der Novellierung der TÄHAV sein, die ein Umwidmungsverbot sowie eine Antibiogrammpflicht dieser AB-Klassen vorgibt.. Rechtliche Vorgaben können möglicherweise einen positiven Einfluss auf die Menge und Art der in der Kleintiermedizin eingesetzten Antibiotika haben und somit bei der Vermeidung von Antibiotikaresistenzen helfen.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fluoroquinolones; Surveys and Questionnaires; Veterinarians

The aims of this study were to determine the side effect frequency and serum and urine drug concentrations of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in cats with and without azotemic chronic kidney disease (azCKD).. Owners whose cats had been prescribed amoxicillin-clavulanic acid completed a survey regarding the occurrence and type of side effects, and whether treatment was altered as a result. Cats were defined as azCKD (serum creatinine concentration >2.0 mg/dl, urine specific gravity [USG] <1.035 with a clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease) and without azCKD (serum creatinine concentration <2.0 mg/dl). Data were assessed with Fisher's exact test. Serum and urine samples were obtained from client-owned cats with azCKD (n = 6) and without azCKD (n = 6, serum creatinine concentration <1.8 mg/dl, USG >1.035) that were receiving amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid were measured with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and compared between groups with a Mann-Whitney test. Correlation between serum creatinine and drug concentrations in urine and serum was determined using Spearman's rank test.. The data suggest that cats with azCKD have altered pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin, which may contribute to an increased incidence of multiple side effects.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azotemia; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Male; Pilot Projects

Antibiograms are stewardship tools that provide antimicrobial resistance data for regional bacterial isolates to guide treatment of infections.. To develop regional antibiograms of urinary Escherichia coli isolates from cats and dogs.. Escherichia coli isolates cultured from feline (N = 143) and canine (640) urine from 2013 to 2017, from Kansas State University (N = 335) and private practice (N = 448) patients in the Midwestern United States.. Retrospective review of urine culture and susceptibility results. Antibiograms were created for 10 commonly used antimicrobial agents using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institutes guidelines.. No isolates from cats were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate (susceptibility [S] ≤ 0.25/0.12) or amoxicillin (S ≤ 0.25); isolates from dogs had low susceptibility to amoxicillin 53% (S ≤ 8). Conversely, isolates from dogs had high susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanate 92% (S ≤ 8/4), despite equal 90th percentile minimum inhibitory concentrations (8 μg/mL) for feline and canine populations. Resistance to other antimicrobials was uncommon (≤7% for isolates from cats, ≤14% for isolates from dogs).. The disparity in susceptibility for amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate between isolates from cats and dogs likely reflects higher breakpoints for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in dogs. Urine concentration data for these antimicrobials in cats might support a UTI-specific breakpoint for cats and increase potential therapeutic options for managing UTIs in cats with first-line antimicrobials. Decreased susceptibility among isolates from dogs to amoxicillin (53%) compared to amoxicillin-clavulanate (92%) might support amoxicillin-clavulanate as a better empirical choice for UTIs in dogs in this geographical region.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Escherichia coli Infections; Midwestern United States; Retrospective Studies; Urinary Tract Infections

Feline lung worm infection is increasingly reported in recent years, and recognized as a cause for respiratory disease in cats. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus is regarded as the most prevalent cause of such cases. Infective L3 larvae carried in gastropods and paratenic hosts infect felines, developing to adult worms that reside in the lungs' parenchyma and may cause verminous pneumonia. The L1 larvae hatch from eggs deposited in the lung, and are released to the environment by either feces or sputum. While the majority of epidemiological information regarding A. abstrusus originates in European countries, recent studies have shown that it is also found around the Mediterranean basin, as far east as Turkey and Cyprus. A local domestic cat from Israel showing signs of respiratory illness was diagnosed with aelurostrongylosis, confirmed by both morphological and molecular tools. Presence in Israel of this nematode was previously reported in 1949, with no further mentions since. ITS-2 sequence of the isolated larvae was highly similar to that of A. abstrusus from domestic cats from Italy. These findings show that distribution of A. abstrusus stretch to the eastern shores of the Mediterranean, and that this nematode should be considered as a cause for respiratory disease in cats in Israel and the surrounding countries.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antinematodal Agents; Bayes Theorem; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cat Diseases; Cats; DNA, Helminth; Feces; Fenbendazole; Fluoroquinolones; Israel; Larva; Lung; Male; Metastrongyloidea; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prednisolone; Radiography, Thoracic; Strongylida Infections

A one-year-old, castrated male domestic short hair cat was admitted with a history of anorexia, regurgitation and pyrexia for two days. Fever and leukocytosis were identified. There were a large soft tissue density oval mass in the caudal mediastinum on thoracic radiographs, a fluid-filled oval mass in the caudal mediastinum on ultrasonography, and left-sided and ventrally displaced and compressed esophagus on esophagram. On esophageal endoscopy, there were no esophageal abnormalities. CT findings with a fluid filled mass with rim enhancement indicated a caudal mediastinal paraesophageal abscess. The patient was treated with oral antibiotics, because the owner declined percutaneous drainage and surgery. The patient was admitted on emergency with severe respiratory distress; and ruptured abscess and deteriorated pleuropneumonia were suspected. With intensive hospitalization care and additional antibiotic therapy, the patient had full recovery.

Topics: Abscess; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Drug Therapy, Combination; Male; Metronidazole; Pleuropneumonia; Rupture

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Buprenorphine; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diphenylamine; Male; Phenylacetates; Spondylitis

An 8-year-old, male neutered Siamese cat was presented with Horner syndrome and right head tilt. A soft tissue mass was observed in the right tympanic cavity, and bulla osteotomy was performed. Tissue samples retrieved from the tympanic cavity were sent for histology, and a middle ear fluid swab was sent for bacterial culture and sensitivity. Histologic diagnosis was of otitis media associated with cholesterol granuloma (CG). Bacterial culture yielded Pasteurella multocida and Leifsonia (Corynebacterium) aquaticum. Middle ear CG is frequently seen in human beings and is associated with a variety of middle ear diseases including otitis media. Cholesterol granuloma of the middle ear has been experimentally induced in cats. The clinical and pathological findings of a spontaneous case of CG in the tympanic cavity of a cat with otitis media are described herein.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Granuloma; Histocytochemistry; Male; Otitis Media

An internet-based survey was conducted to determine common strategies for control of feline upper respiratory infections (URI) in animal shelters. Two hundred and fifty-eight North American shelters responded, representing a spectrum of 57% private non-profit, 27% municipal and 16% combined private non-profit-municipal shelters. All but nine shelters reported having a regular relationship with a veterinarian, 53% had full-time veterinarians and 62% indicated full-time (non-veterinarian) medical staff. However, in 35% of facilities, non-medical shelter management staff determined what medication an individual cat could receive, with 5% of facilities making that decision without indicating the involvement of a veterinarian or technician. Ninety-one percent of shelters had an isolation area for clinically ill cats. The most commonly used antimicrobial was doxycycline (52%), followed by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (33%). Shelters are using a wide range of prevention measures and therapeutics, leaving room for studying URI in different settings to improve understanding of optimal protocols.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animal Welfare; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Doxycycline; Housing, Animal; Respiratory Tract Infections

A cat with an upper respiratory infection was presented for examination. Close examination of the face revealed a firm, haired rounded swelling on the bridge of the nose. Serum protein electrophoresis demonstrated a mild hypergammaglobulinaemia. The cat tested negative for feline immunodeficiency virus. Skin biopsy of the nasal lesion revealed nodular angiocentric infiltrates in the deep dermis and subcutis. The mixed infiltrate had numerous plasma cells. Presence of calicivirus antigen could not be demonstrated within the skin lesion by immunohistochemical staining. The cat was treated for upper respiratory infection and 1 month later the nasal lesion had resolved. A firm and rounded swelling over the bridge of the nose may be a feline cutaneous plasmacytic reaction pattern.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatitis; Nose Diseases; Plasma Cells

Cowpox virus infection in cats is rare and usually leads to cutaneous lesions alone. Pulmonary infection and pneumonia have been documented occasionally but all such cases described to date have been fatal. Although usually affecting the upper respiratory tract, feline herpesvirus can also induce pneumonia. The present report describes the case of a cat that recovered from a pneumonia in which both poxvirus and feline herpesvirus were demonstrated.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchopneumonia; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cowpox; Cowpox virus; Herpesviridae Infections; Pneumonia, Viral; Radiography; Treatment Outcome; Varicellovirus

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluoroquinolones; Staphylococcus; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Diagnosis, Differential; DNA, Bacterial; Ectoparasitic Infestations; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Female; Insecticides; Pruritus; Pyrazoles; Siphonaptera; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus

One hundred and three cats presenting with clinical signs of feline acute upper respiratory infection were selected from Belgium, France and the Netherlands in a randomised comparative field trial. Each cat underwent a bacteriological examination before treatment (day 0) and received either marbofloxacin, at a dosage of 2 mg/kg once daily for five days, or amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (ACA) at a dosage of 12.5 mg/kg twice daily for five days. Clinical examinations were performed on days 2, 5 and 14. Pasteurella species were cultured in one-third of the samples. The other main bacteria isolated were Streptococcaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcaceae. Response rates (cures + improvements) to treatment on day 5 were 87.8 vs 77.8 per cent for marbofloxacin and ACA, respectively. A few mild side-effects (diarrhoea, vomiting) were recorded with both drugs.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Fluoroquinolones; Quinolones; Random Allocation; Respiratory Tract Infections; Treatment Outcome

The aerobic and anaerobic flora from gingival pockets of 40 cats with established gingivitis were cultured. The susceptibility of each isolate to four antimicrobial agents currently approved for use in cats (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; clindamycin; cefadroxil; enrofloxacin) was determined. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (Clavamox) had the highest in-vitro susceptibility against all isolates (92%) and all anaerobes (99% [co-equal with clindamycin]) tested; enrofloxacin (Baytril) had the highest in-vitro susceptibility against all aerobes (90%) tested.

Topics: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria, Aerobic; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cefadroxil; Clindamycin; Enrofloxacin; Fluoroquinolones; Gingivitis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Periodontal Pocket; Quinolones; Statistics, Nonparametric

The efficacy of a diet designed to facilitate dissolution of feline magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) uroliths was evaluated in 30 cases of urolithiasis, sterile struvite uroliths dissolved in a mean of 36 days after initiation of dietary treatment. In 5 cases of urolithiasis, struvite urocystoliths associated with urease-negative bacterial urinary tract infection dissolved in a mean of 23 days after initiation of dietary and antimicrobial treatment. In 3 cases of urolithiasis, struvite urocystoliths associated with urease-positive staphylococcal urinary tract infection dissolved in a mean of 79 days after initiation of dietary and antimicrobial treatment. Dissolution of uroliths in cats fed the treatment diet was associated with concomitant remission of dysuria, hematuria, and pyuria, and reduction in urine pH and struvite crystalluria. In one case, a urocystolith composed of 100% ammonium urate, and in another case, a urolith composed of 60% calcium phosphate, 20% calcium oxalate, and 20% magnesium ammonium phosphate did not dissolve.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Clavulanic Acids; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Male; Phosphates; Radiography; Recurrence; Specific Gravity; Struvite; Time Factors; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Advertising; Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Clavulanic Acids; Drug Therapy, Combination; Urinary Tract Infections