ammonium hydroxide and Seizures studies

Seizures: Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the effect of lamotrigine (LTG) on blood ammonia level in patients with epilepsy and identify risk factors affecting blood ammonia level."	8.12	Risk factors of elevated blood ammonia level in epilepsy patients treated with lamotrigine. ( Chen, J; Chen, X; Chen, Y; Miao, J; Wang, R; Zeng, J; Zhuang, X, 2022)
"Citrullinemia type I (CTLN1) is a urea cycle disorder which typically presents in the neonatal period or infancy with hyperammonemia and concurrent neurologic deterioration."	7.77	Transient fulminant liver failure as an initial presentation in citrullinemia type I. ( Baruteau, J; de Baulny, HO; Faghfoury, H; Häberle, J; Schulze, A, 2011)
"Six neonates with prolonged, intractable seizures were treated with valproic acid (VPA)."	7.67	Valproic acid efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics in neonates with intractable seizures. ( Gal, P; Gilman, JT; Oles, KS; Weaver, R, 1988)
"A patient with the hyperornithinemia, hyperammonemia, homocitrullinuria syndrome is described."	7.67	Studies on a case of HHH-syndrome (hyperammonemia, hyperornithinemia, homocitrullinuria). ( Dyken, PR; Hartlage, PL; Hommes, FA; Metoki, K; Roesel, RA, 1986)
"Sustained, generalized seizure activity was induced in anaesthetized (70% N2O), paralyzed and artifically ventilated rats by i."	5.26	Cerebral metabolic and circulatory changes in the rat during sustained seizures induced by DL-homocysteine. ( Blennow, G; Folbergrova, J; Nilsson, B; Siesjö, BK, 1979)
"AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the effect of lamotrigine (LTG) on blood ammonia level in patients with epilepsy and identify risk factors affecting blood ammonia level."	4.12	Risk factors of elevated blood ammonia level in epilepsy patients treated with lamotrigine. ( Chen, J; Chen, X; Chen, Y; Miao, J; Wang, R; Zeng, J; Zhuang, X, 2022)
"Hyperammonemia is a common finding in children with methylmalonic acidemia."	3.83	A neuronal disruption in redox homeostasis elicited by ammonia alters the glycine/glutamate (GABA) cycle and contributes to MMA-induced excitability. ( Braga, DV; da Silva, AM; da Silva, LR; da Silveira Junior, ME; de Oliveira Ferreira, AP; Della-Pace, ID; Dobrachinski, F; Fighera, MR; Furian, AF; Gabbi, P; Grisólia, AB; Marchesan, S; Oliveira, MS; Ribeiro, LR; Rodrigues, FS; Royes, LF; Soares, FA, 2016)
"Citrullinemia type I (CTLN1) is a urea cycle disorder which typically presents in the neonatal period or infancy with hyperammonemia and concurrent neurologic deterioration."	3.77	Transient fulminant liver failure as an initial presentation in citrullinemia type I. ( Baruteau, J; de Baulny, HO; Faghfoury, H; Häberle, J; Schulze, A, 2011)
" Laboratory evaluation revealed hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia, lactic acidemia, hyperuricemia, and mild dicarboxylic aciduria."	3.70	Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency: metabolic consequences of an impaired mitochondrial carnitine cycle. ( Dorland, L; Duran, M; IJlst, L; Muntau, AC; Roscher, AA; Röschinger, W; Wanders, RJ, 2000)
" Administration of ammonium acetate (15 mmol/kg) to mice caused seizures, elevation of blood ammonia and urea concentrations, and marked alterations of brain energy metabolites."	3.68	Comparison of the effects of L-carnitine, D-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on the neurotoxicity of ammonia. ( Igisu, H; Matsuoka, M, 1993)
"To assess neuronal mechanisms of potential importance in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, visual evoked potentials were recorded in rabbits with acute hyperammonemic encephalopathy, postictal coma, and toxin-induced coma resulting from the administration of a combination of subcoma doses of three neurotoxins: ammonia, dimethyldisulfide, and octanoic acid."	3.67	Visual evoked potentials in a rabbit model of hepatic encephalopathy. II. Comparison of hyperammonemic encephalopathy, postictal coma, and coma induced by synergistic neurotoxins. ( Ferenci, P; Jones, EA; Pappas, SC; Schafer, DF, 1984)
"We studied 26 children with inborn errors of urea synthesis who survived neonatal hyperammonemic coma."	3.67	Neurologic outcome in children with inborn errors of urea synthesis. Outcome of urea-cycle enzymopathies. ( Batshaw, ML; Brusilow, SW; Mellits, ED; Msall, M; Suss, R, 1984)
"Six neonates with prolonged, intractable seizures were treated with valproic acid (VPA)."	3.67	Valproic acid efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics in neonates with intractable seizures. ( Gal, P; Gilman, JT; Oles, KS; Weaver, R, 1988)
"A patient with the hyperornithinemia, hyperammonemia, homocitrullinuria syndrome is described."	3.67	Studies on a case of HHH-syndrome (hyperammonemia, hyperornithinemia, homocitrullinuria). ( Dyken, PR; Hartlage, PL; Hommes, FA; Metoki, K; Roesel, RA, 1986)
"An 11-year-old girl with complex seizures was started on valproic acid (VPA) in addition to clonazepam and ethosuximide."	3.66	Valproic acid and secondary hyperammonemia. ( Borkowski, WJ; Rawat, S; Swick, HM, 1981)
" Increases in the concentrations of alanine, ammonia and lactic acid in rat brain accompany picrotoxin-induced seizures; there is no increase in the concentration of glutamine."	3.64	EFFECTS OF DIELDRIN, PICROTOXIN AND TELODRIN ON THE METABOLISM OF AMMONIA IN BRAIN. ( AKINTONWA, DA; HATHWAY, DE; MALLINSON, A, 1965)
"Neonatal seizures, as distinguished from nonconvulsive abnormal movements, are a significant problem in neonatal intensive care units."	2.37	Neonatal seizures. ( Bergman, I; Crumrine, P; Painter, MJ, 1986)
"We found no significant differences in seizure frequency, duration, severity, or administered KA doses before SE between the groups."	1.56	The effects of ammonia stimulation on kainate-induced status epilepticus and anterior piriform cortex electrophysiology. ( Bayat, A; Jones, A; Joshi, S; Koubeissi, MZ; Xiao, X, 2020)
"Hyperammonemia was diagnosed in all cases during the evaluation of altered mental status, with 22% presenting with seizures."	1.56	A retrospective study of adult patients with noncirrhotic hyperammonemia. ( Baker, JJ; Barkoudah, E; Berry, GT; Khoury, CC; Krier, JB; Lin, AP; Mogensen, KM; Peake, RW; Sahai, I; Stergachis, AB; Sweetser, DA, 2020)
"Citrullinemia Type 1 (also known as classic citrullinemia) is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle disorder due to reduced activity of argininosuccinate synthetase 1; characterized by hyperammonemia leading to neurological damage."	1.51	Citrullinemia Type 1: Behavioral Improvement with Late Liver Transplantation. ( Bagde, A; Bakshi, R; Janwadkar, A; Mirza, D; Nagral, A; Shirole, N; Vasanth, S; Yewale, V, 2019)
"Seven neonates had seizures; six had only electrographic seizures."	1.48	The utility of EEG monitoring in neonates with hyperammonemia due to inborn errors of metabolism. ( Gaillard, WD; Gropman, AL; Massaro, A; Prust, M; Tsuchida, TN; Vezina, G; Wiwattanadittakul, N, 2018)
"Understanding the seizure-inducing mechanisms of TBI is of the utmost importance, because these seizures are often resistant to traditional first- and second-line anti-seizure treatments."	1.46	NKCC1 up-regulation contributes to early post-traumatic seizures and increased post-traumatic seizure susceptibility. ( Cotrina, ML; Gu, S; He, X; Huang, JH; Liu, W; Nedergaard, M; Shapiro, LA; Wang, EW; Wang, F; Wang, W; Wang, X, 2017)
"Patients were grouped into generalized convulsive seizures (GCS), psychogenic nonepileptic seizures with convulsions (PNES-C), or focal seizures (FS) based on vEEG."	1.43	Postictal ammonia as a biomarker for electrographic convulsive seizures: A prospective study. ( Albadareen, R; Gronseth, G; Hammond, N; He, J; Landazuri, P; Uysal, U, 2016)
"Complications of GCS<8, seizure, respiratory failure, and intubation and ventilator care appeared during latent periods within 11 hrs, 34 hrs, 14 hrs, and 48 hrs, respectively."	1.43	Initial Serum Ammonia as a Predictor of Neurologic Complications in Patients with Acute Glufosinate Poisoning. ( Cha, K; Cha, YS; Go, J; Hwang, SO; Kim, H; Kim, OH; Kim, TH; Lee, DK; Lee, KH; Youk, H, 2016)
"Patients admitted to the hospital with acute liver failure (ALF) and high arterial levels of ammonia are more likely to have complications and poor outcomes than patients with lower levels of ammonia."	1.38	Persistent hyperammonemia is associated with complications and poor outcomes in patients with acute liver failure. ( Acharya, SK; Khanal, S; Kumar, R; Panda, SK; Prakash, S; Sharma, H, 2012)
"One child had brief seizure at 20 min after initial dose."	1.37	Pharmacokinetics and clinical application of intravenous valproate in Thai epileptic children. ( Bhudhisawadi, K; Chulavatnatol, S; Kaojareon, S; Vaewpanich, J; Visudtibhan, A, 2011)
"Transient hyperammonemia is associated with postictal confusion."	1.37	Transient hyperammonemia associated with postictal state in generalized convulsion. ( Lee, CW; Lin, TJ; Liu, KT; Yang, SC; Yeh, IJ, 2011)
"Hyperammonemia was detected in 8 patients treated with valproic acid."	1.36	Serum biotinidase activity in children treated with valproic acid and carbamazepine. ( Castiñeiras-Ramos, DE; Castro-Gago, M; Díaz-Mayo, I; Eirís-Puñal, J; Gómez-Lado, C, 2010)
"Although hyperammonemia is also known to induce convulsion, biochemical analysis immediately after GC is not useful for diagnosing hyperammonemia-induced convulsion."	1.35	Hyperammonemia is associated with generalized convulsion. ( Nishi, K; Sakamoto, T; Yanagawa, Y, 2008)
"However, hyperammonemia-induced convulsions were inhibited by GABA in a dose-dependent manner."	1.32	Inhibition of acute hyperammonemia-induced convulsions by systemically administered gamma aminobutyric acid in rats. ( Paul, V, 2003)
"All patients had convulsions or loss of consciousness resulting from hypoglycemia at less than 1 year of age."	1.31	Novel missense mutations in the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in the congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome. ( Hayashi, Y; Kato, H; Miki, Y; Ohura, T; Taki, T; Yanagisawa, M, 2000)
"Seizures in human temporal lobe epilepsy are characterized by paroxysmal activity in the limbic system."	1.31	Strong olfactory stimulation reduces seizure susceptibility in amygdala-kindled rats. ( Ebert, U; Löscher, W, 2000)
"A partial but significant inhibition of convulsions was found in these animals."	1.31	Evidence for an involvement of the ammonia-decreasing action of L-arginine in suppressing picrotoxin-induced convulsions in rats and its additive action with diazepam. ( Jayakumar, AR; Vanaja, P, 2001)
"A partial but significant inhibition of convulsion responses was found in these animals."	1.30	Effects of L-arginine on picrotoxin-induced increase in brain ammonia concentrations and convulsions in rats. ( Jayakumar, AR; Paul, V, 1999)
"We treated a 31-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus, renal failure with nephrotic syndrome, and a long-standing seizure disorder, who developed severe hyperammonemia with a fatal outcome."	1.30	Fatal hyperammonemia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Amano, T; Ichikawa, H; Kawabata, K; Kushiro, M; Makino, H; Nagake, Y; Wada, J, 1998)
"However, both the compounds suppressed convulsions elicited by ammonium chloride."	1.30	Independent and combined effects of L-arginine and diazepam on ammonium chloride-induced convulsions in rats. ( Jayakumar, AR; Paul, V, 1999)
"All animals were tested three times for seizure threshold, and were then decapitated and the brains removed for analysis of the amino acids."	1.30	Effects of ammonia on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure threshold. ( Arikan, K; Coskun, T; Guvener, B; Oran, O, 1999)
"An unusual case of acute cerebral edema as part of the syndrome of portal systemic encephalopathy in an individual with established chronic liver disease is reported."	1.29	Acute cerebral edema as part of the syndrome of hepatic encephalopathy in an individual with chronic liver disease: a case report. ( Jabbour, N; Karavias, D; Van Thiel, DH, 1994)
"After a convulsion, NH3 was increased in both strains, the AA contents returned to normal in C57 but Asp remained low in CD1 mice."	1.29	Amino acids and ammonia in the cerebral cortex, the corpus striatum and the brain stem of the mouse prior to the onset and after a seizure induced by hyperbaric oxygen. ( Barthélémy, L; Cann-Moisan, C; Caroff, J; Gibey, R; Joanny, P; Mialon, P; Steinberg, J, 1995)
"Women with heterozygous ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency may have no symptoms or have episodic, symptomatic hyperammonemia, which can be fatal."	1.28	Heterozygote ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency presenting as symptomatic hyperammonemia during initiation of valproate therapy. ( Callahan, K; Evans, B; Honeycutt, D; Rutledge, L, 1992)
"Seizure is a common problem evaluated in pediatric emergency departments."	1.28	Emergency department laboratory evaluation of children with seizures: dogma or dilemma? ( Davis, AT; Nypaver, MM; Reynolds, SL; Tanz, RR, 1992)
"After HBO seizure, AA levels (except for gamma-amino butyric acid, GABA, and glutamine), with respect to 6 ATA air levels, were altered in the striatum with a concomitant rise in ammonia (+70%) at variance with the cortex."	1.28	Changes in striatal and cortical amino acid and ammonia levels of rat brain after one hyperbaric oxygen-induced seizure. ( Barthelemy, L; Bigot, JC; Gibey, R; Mialon, P, 1992)
"In over 80% of children with complete seizure control the ranges of total VPA concentration were 140-420 mumol/L with GLC methods and 210-560 mumol/L with EMIT methods."	1.27	Free and total serum valproate concentrations: their relationship to seizure control, liver enzymes and plasma ammonia in children. ( Abbott, FS; Applegarth, DA; Farrell, K; Jan, JE; Orr, JM; Wong, PK, 1986)
"Latency of convulsion seems to be related to certain monoamine levels since in some drugged animals where A and total catecholamines are still reduced 96 h after the first of two doses of 6-OHDA, NA concentrations are recovered to relatively normal and the convulsion latency time is also increased although it remains significantly abbreviated from undrugged animals' convulsion time."	1.26	Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on brain and blood catecholamine, ammonia, and amino acid metabolism in rats subjected to high pressure oxygen induced convulsions. ( Banister, EW; Singh, AK, 1978)
"Prominal reduced the severity of convulsions in pp'DDT-treated animals."	1.26	A possible neurochemical basis of the central stimulatory effects of pp'DDT. ( Jaffery, FN; Matin, MA; Siddiqui, RA, 1981)
"Sustained, generalized seizure activity was induced in anaesthetized (70% N2O), paralyzed and artifically ventilated rats by i."	1.26	Cerebral metabolic and circulatory changes in the rat during sustained seizures induced by DL-homocysteine. ( Blennow, G; Folbergrova, J; Nilsson, B; Siesjö, BK, 1979)
"The neurochemical changes and convulsions induced by pp'DDT were modified to different degrees by barbiturates."	1.26	Role of striatal acetylcholine and free ammmonia in the central stimulatory effects of pp'DDT in rats. Protective effects of barbiturates. ( Jaffery, FN; Kar, PP; Matin, MA, 1980)
"Glipizide is a new hypoglycaemic sulphonylurea."	1.25	[Experimental study of glipizide. A comparison with other hypoglycemic sulfonamides (author's transl)]. ( Alric, R; Loubatières, AL; Loubatieres-Mariani, MM; Ribes, G; Sorial, G; Tarasco, A, 1975)
"Orotic aciduria was present (max: 693 mg/day) and was related to NH4 levels."	1.25	[Chronic hyperammonemia with orotic aciduria: evidence of pyrimidine pathway stimulation (author's transl)]. ( Beaudry, MA; Collu, R; Dallairf, L; Ducharme, JR; Leboeuf, G; Letarte, J; Melancon, SB, 1975)

Research

Studies (155)

Authors

Clinical Trials (2)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Ammonia

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	99 (63.87)	18.7374
1990's	19 (12.26)	18.2507
2000's	13 (8.39)	29.6817
2010's	19 (12.26)	24.3611
2020's	5 (3.23)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Chen, Y	1
Chen, J	1
Zhuang, X	1
Chen, X	1
Zeng, J	1
Wang, R	1
Miao, J	1
Joshi, S	1
Bayat, A	1
Jones, A	1
Xiao, X	1
Koubeissi, MZ	1
Nguyen, JM	1
Kaushal, S	1
Glinton, KE	1
Marom, R	1
Stergachis, AB	1
Mogensen, KM	1
Khoury, CC	1
Lin, AP	1
Peake, RW	1
Baker, JJ	1
Barkoudah, E	1
Sahai, I	1
Sweetser, DA	1
Berry, GT	1
Krier, JB	1
Nilsson, CH	1
Svensson, MB	1
Säve, SJ	1
Van Meervenne, SA	1
Wiwattanadittakul, N	1
Prust, M	1
Gaillard, WD	1
Massaro, A	1
Vezina, G	1
Tsuchida, TN	1
Gropman, AL	1
Gearhart, AM	1
Guardiola, JJ	1
El-Kersh, K	1
Janwadkar, A	1
Shirole, N	1
Nagral, A	1
Bakshi, R	1
Vasanth, S	1
Bagde, A	1
Yewale, V	1
Mirza, D	1
Rangroo Thrane, V	1
Thrane, AS	1
Wang, F	2
Cotrina, ML	2
Smith, NA	1
Chen, M	1
Xu, Q	1
Kang, N	1
Fujita, T	1
Nagelhus, EA	1
Nedergaard, M	2
Eid, T	1
Lee, TS	1
Hadjihambi, A	1
Rose, CF	1
Jalan, R	1
Lee, DK	1
Youk, H	1
Kim, H	1
Kim, OH	1
Go, J	1
Kim, TH	1
Cha, K	1
Lee, KH	1
Hwang, SO	1
Cha, YS	1
Royes, LF	1
Gabbi, P	1
Ribeiro, LR	1
Della-Pace, ID	1
Rodrigues, FS	1
de Oliveira Ferreira, AP	1
da Silveira Junior, ME	1
da Silva, LR	1
Grisólia, AB	1
Braga, DV	1
Dobrachinski, F	1
da Silva, AM	1
Soares, FA	1
Marchesan, S	1
Furian, AF	1
Oliveira, MS	1
Fighera, MR	1
Albadareen, R	1
Gronseth, G	1
Landazuri, P	1
He, J	1
Hammond, N	1
Uysal, U	1
Wang, X	1
Shapiro, LA	1
Liu, W	1
Wang, EW	1
Gu, S	1
Wang, W	1
He, X	1
Huang, JH	1
Sato, K	1
Arai, N	1
Omori, A	1
Hida, A	1
Kimura, A	1
Takeuchi, S	1
Chou, HF	1
Yang, RC	1
Chen, CY	1
Jong, YJ	1
Castro-Gago, M	1
Gómez-Lado, C	1
Eirís-Puñal, J	1
Díaz-Mayo, I	1
Castiñeiras-Ramos, DE	1
Visudtibhan, A	1
Bhudhisawadi, K	1
Vaewpanich, J	1
Chulavatnatol, S	1
Kaojareon, S	1
Faghfoury, H	1
Baruteau, J	1
de Baulny, HO	1
Häberle, J	1
Schulze, A	1
Balasubramaniam, S	1
Kapoor, R	1
Yeow, JH	1
Lim, PG	1
Flanagan, S	1
Ellard, S	1
Hussain, K	1
Liu, KT	1
Yang, SC	1
Yeh, IJ	1
Lin, TJ	1
Lee, CW	1
Hung, TY	1
Chen, CC	1
Wang, TL	1
Su, CF	1
Wang, RF	1
Tomita, K	1
Otani, N	1
Omata, F	1
Ishimatsu, S	1
Kumar, R	1
Sharma, H	1
Prakash, S	1
Panda, SK	1
Khanal, S	1
Acharya, SK	2
Paul, V	3
Marisco, Pda C	1
Ribeiro, MC	1
Bonini, JS	1
Lima, TT	1
Mann, KC	1
Brenner, GM	1
Dutra-Filho, CS	1
Mello, CF	1
Kitano, T	1
Matsumura, S	1
Seki, T	1
Hikida, T	1
Sakimura, K	1
Nagano, T	1
Mishina, M	1
Nakanishi, S	1
Ito, S	1
YOSHII, N	1
HORIUCHI, K	1
HIGASHIDA, S	1
SAITO, I	1
ROSENTHAL, F	1
TIMIRAS, PS	1
ROBERTS, KE	1
WARREN, KS	1
SCHENKER, S	2
DATTA, AK	1
CITTADINI, D	2
CIMINO, F	2
CARACCIOLI, MD	1
SALVATORE, F	1
ROA, PD	1
TEWS, JK	2
STONE, WE	2
ELLIOTT, KA	2
HATHWAY, DE	2
MALLINSON, A	2
AKINTONWA, DA	1
NARUSE, H	1
KATO, M	1
KUROKAWA, M	1
YABE, T	1
KARIYA, T	1
NARANG, BS	1
TALWAR, GP	1
SINGH, B	1
NAVAZIO, F	1
GERRITSEN, T	1
WRIGHT, GJ	1
Panda, S	1
Radhakrishnan, K	1
Bhatia, V	1
Singh, R	1
Yanagawa, Y	1
Nishi, K	1
Sakamoto, T	1
Pintillie, C	1
Mison-Crighel, N	1
Badiu, G	1
Sills, JA	1
Jones, RH	1
Taylor, WH	1
Grazer, RE	1
Sutton, JM	1
Friedstrom, S	1
McBarron, FD	1
Nomura, Y	1
Segawa, M	1
Hasegawa, M	1
Voorhies, TM	1
Ehrlich, ME	1
Duffy, TE	1
Petito, CK	1
Plum, F	1
Pappas, SC	1
Ferenci, P	1
Schafer, DF	1
Jones, EA	1
Cohen, PG	2
Msall, M	1
Batshaw, ML	1
Suss, R	1
Brusilow, SW	2
Mellits, ED	1
Rawat, S	1
Borkowski, WJ	1
Swick, HM	1
Murphy, JV	1
Marquardt, K	1
Grisar, T	1
Ellison, PH	1
Cowger, ML	1
Matin, MA	3
Jaffery, FN	2
Siddiqui, RA	1
Singh, AK	6
Banister, EW	6
Kar, PP	2
LeVine, WR	1
Ramirez, C	1
Iles, JF	1
Jack, JJ	1
Erasmus, RT	1
Kusnir, J	1
Stevenson, WC	1
Lobo, P	1
Herman, MM	1
Wills, MR	1
Savory, J	1
Mialon, P	2
Joanny, P	1
Gibey, R	2
Cann-Moisan, C	1
Caroff, J	1
Steinberg, J	1
Barthélémy, L	2
Raabe, W	1
Igisu, H	3
Matsuoka, M	3
Iryo, Y	1
Jabbour, N	1
Karavias, D	1
Van Thiel, DH	1
Kosenko, E	1
Kaminsky, Y	1
Grau, E	1
Miñana, MD	1
Marcaida, G	1
Grisolía, S	1
Felipo, V	1
Brazil, TJ	1
Naylor, JM	1
Janzen, ED	1
Yeh, KH	1
Cheng, AL	1
Lobetti, RG	1
Miller, DB	1
Dippenaar, T	1
Ichikawa, H	1
Amano, T	1
Kawabata, K	1
Kushiro, M	1
Wada, J	1
Nagake, Y	1
Makino, H	1
Jayakumar, AR	3
Miki, Y	1
Taki, T	1
Ohura, T	1
Kato, H	1
Yanagisawa, M	1
Hayashi, Y	1
Miura, Y	1
Fujimura, Y	1
Nishikawa, T	1
Ohtani, H	1
Arikan, K	1
Coskun, T	1
Guvener, B	1
Oran, O	1
Ebert, U	1
Löscher, W	1
Röschinger, W	1
Muntau, AC	1
Duran, M	1
Dorland, L	1
IJlst, L	1
Wanders, RJ	1
Roscher, AA	1
Solomon, GE	1
Vanaja, P	1
Chapman, AG	1
Meldrum, BS	1
Siesjö, BK	3
Blennow, G	1
Folbergrova, J	2
Nilsson, B	1
Riva, E	1
Borzani, M	1
Motta, G	1
Giovannini, M	1
Itabisashi, T	3
Böhles, H	1
Heid, H	1
Harms, D	1
Schmid, D	1
Fekl, W	1
Loubatières, AL	1
Loubatieres-Mariani, MM	1
Alric, R	1
Ribes, G	1
Sorial, G	1
Tarasco, A	1
Henry, PR	1
Smith, WH	1
Cunningham, MD	1
Parker, TH	1
Roberts, RK	1
Vorhees, CV	1
Schmidt, DE	1
Anand, M	1
Bhakthan, NM	1
Strombeck, DR	1
Meyer, DJ	1
Freedland, RA	1
Beaudry, MA	1
Letarte, J	1
Collu, R	1
Leboeuf, G	1
Ducharme, JR	1
Melancon, SB	1
Dallairf, L	1
Kane, RE	1
Kotagel, S	1
Bacon, BR	1
Vogler, CA	1
Honeycutt, D	1
Callahan, K	1
Rutledge, L	1
Evans, B	1
Nypaver, MM	1
Reynolds, SL	1
Tanz, RR	1
Davis, AT	1
Bigot, JC	1
Kohriyama, K	1
Inoue, N	1
Haas, RH	1
Rice, MA	1
Trauner, DA	1
Merritt, TA	1
Farrell, K	1
Abbott, FS	1
Orr, JM	1
Applegarth, DA	1
Jan, JE	1
Wong, PK	1
Harris, DJ	1
Siegel, C	1
Baska, RE	1
Gal, P	1
Oles, KS	1
Gilman, JT	1
Weaver, R	1
Harendra de Silva, DG	1
Painter, MJ	1
Bergman, I	1
Crumrine, P	1
Rowe, PC	1
Newman, SL	1
Hommes, FA	1
Roesel, RA	1
Metoki, K	1
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Kodama, J	1
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Kobayashi, S	1
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Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Therapeutic Efficacy of L-Ornithine L-Aspartate Infusion in Patients With Acute Liver Failure: A Double- Blind, Randomized, Placebo- Controlled Study[NCT00470314]	Phase 2	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-01-31	Active, not recruiting
A Phase 2a Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of OCR-002 (Ornithine Phenylacetate) in the Treatment of Patients With Acute Liver Failure/Severe Acute Liver Injury[NCT01548690]	Phase 2	47 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

To evaluate the effect of OCR-002 on ammonia levels in patients with acute liver failure/severe acute liver injury (NCT01548690)
Timeframe: Baseline and 72 Hours

Measurement of OCR-002 Plasma Concentration

Intervention	Percent Change (Mean)
Maximum Dose Level 3.33 g/24h	41.2
Maximum Dose Level 6.65 g/24h	16.6
Maximum Dose Level 10 g/24h	41.8
Maximum Dose Level 20g/24h	38.4

To evaluate the steady state pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of OCR-002 in patients with impaired and intact renal function using urinary phenylacetylglutamine (PAGN) as a surrogate marker (NCT01548690)
Timeframe: 24 Hours after last infusion

Neurological Function Measured by the Orientation Log (O-log)

Intervention	micrograms per millileter (Mean)
Maximum Dose Level 3.33 g/24h	65.6
Maximum Dose Level 6.65 g/24h	32.2
Maximum Dose Level 10 g/24h	33.4
Maximum Dose Level 20g/24h	104.9

The orientation log focuses on orientation to place, time, and circumstance. There are 10 items on the orientation log, which are scored 0-3. A spontaneous correct response is awarded 3 points. A spontaneous response that is lacking or incorrect, but a correct response is provided following a logical cue is awarded 2 points. A score of 1 is given if spontaneous and cued responses are lacking or incorrect, but a correct response is provided in a recognition format. A score of 0 is given if the spontaneous, cued, or recognition format does not generate a correct answer. Scores from the 10 items are summed and the final score ranges from 0 to 30. (NCT01548690)
Timeframe: 30 Days

Neurological Function Measured by the West Haven Criteria (WHC) for Hepatic Encephalopathy

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Maximum Dose Level 3.33 g/24h	23.8
Maximum Dose Level 6.65 g/24h	24.0
Maximum Dose Level 10 g/24h	24.0
Maximum Dose Level 20g/24h	24.0

The West Haven Criteria (WHC) for Hepatic Encephalopathy measures the severity of encephalopathy and patient's level of consciousness. The scale ranges from 0 to 4; a minimum score of 0 represents a better outcome, and a maximum total score of 4 represents a worse outcome. A score of 0 corresponds to normal consciousness and behavior and normal neurological examination. A score of 1 corresponds to mild lack of awareness, shortened attention span, and impaired addition or subtraction; mild asterixis or tremor. A score of 2 corresponds to lethargy, disorientated or inappropriate behavior, obvious asterixis; slurred speech. A score of 3 corresponds to somnolent but arousable, gross disorientation or bizarre behavior, muscle rigidity and clonus; hyperreflexia. A score of 4 corresponds to coma and decerebrate posturing. (NCT01548690)
Timeframe: 120 hours from start of infusion

Number of Participants That do Not Tolerate the Administered Dose and Had Grade 3 or 4 Treatment Emergent Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Maximum Dose Level 3.33 g/24h	2.4
Maximum Dose Level 6.65 g/24h	3.2
Maximum Dose Level 10 g/24h	1.6
Maximum Dose Level 20g/24h	1.8

To evaluate the safety and tolerability of OCR-002 in patients with acute liver failure/severe acute liver injury (NCT01548690)
Timeframe: 30 Days

Article	Year
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Protection of the brain by carnitine. Sangyo eiseigaku zasshi = Journal of occupational health, 1995, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Mice; Seizures; Tauri	1995
Neonatal seizures. Pediatric clinics of North America, 1986, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenoleukodystrophy; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Anesthetics, Local; Anticonvuls	1986
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Article	Year
Risk factors of elevated blood ammonia level in epilepsy patients treated with lamotrigine. Medicine, 2022, Jul-01, Volume: 101, Issue:26 Topics: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Lamotrigine; Risk Factors; Seizures; Tri	2022
The effects of ammonia stimulation on kainate-induced status epilepticus and anterior piriform cortex electrophysiology. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2020, Volume: 104, Issue:Pt A Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Electroencephalography; Kainic Acid; Male; Piriform Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Da	2020
A Somnolent Neonate With Hypothermia and Posturing. Clinical pediatrics, 2020, Volume: 59, Issue:8 Topics: Ammonia; Arginine; Citrullinemia; Diagnosis, Differential; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Disorders of Ex	2020
A retrospective study of adult patients with noncirrhotic hyperammonemia. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 2020, Volume: 43, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Aged; Ammonia; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective	2020
Transient hyperammonaemia following epileptic seizures in cats. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 2021, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Epilepsy; Hyperammonemia; Retrospective Studies; Seizures	2021
The utility of EEG monitoring in neonates with hyperammonemia due to inborn errors of metabolism. Molecular genetics and metabolism, 2018, Volume: 125, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Argininosuccinate Synthase; Argininosuccinic Aciduria	2018
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Reassessing the role of astrocytes in ammonia neurotoxicity. Nature medicine, 2013, Volume: 19, Issue:12 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Astrocytes; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Potassium; Seizures	2013
Novel insights into ammonia-mediated neurotoxicity pointing to potential new therapeutic strategies. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2014, Volume: 60, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Astrocytes; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Potassium; Seizures	2014
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NKCC1 up-regulation contributes to early post-traumatic seizures and increased post-traumatic seizure susceptibility. Brain structure & function, 2017, Volume: 222, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bumetanide; Cell Count; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal;	2017
Hyperammonaemia and associated factors in unprovoked convulsive seizures: A cross-sectional study. Seizure, 2016, Volume: 43 Topics: Adult; Aged; Ammonia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Male; Middle Aged; Mu	2016
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Pediatrics and neonatology, 2008, Volume: 49, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Ammonia; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Female; Humans; Seizures; Valproic Acid	2008
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Transient fulminant liver failure as an initial presentation in citrullinemia type I. Molecular genetics and metabolism, 2011, Volume: 102, Issue:4 Topics: Ammonia; Argininosuccinate Synthase; Base Sequence; Citrulline; Citrullinemia; Fatty Liver; Female;	2011
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EFFECT OF CONVULSIONS ON THE AMMONIA NITROGEN CONTENT OF BLOOD AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID. Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 1964, Jan-01, Volume: 42 Topics: Ammonia; Blood Chemical Analysis; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Nitrogen;	1964
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Two cases of valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy without hepatic failure. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 2004, Volume: 52 Topics: Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fructose; Huma	2004
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Valproic acid and secondary hyperammonemia. Neurology, 1981, Volume: 31, Issue:9 Topics: Ammonia; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1981
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Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency: metabolic consequences of an impaired mitochondrial carnitine cycle. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 2000, Volume: 298, Issue:1-2 Topics: Ammonia; Cardiac Output, Low; Carnitine; Carnitine Acyltransferases; Cells, Cultured; Coma; Consangu	2000
Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy in the presence of topiramate. Neurology, 2000, Aug-22, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Ammonia; Anticonvulsants; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography; Female; Fru	2000
Evidence for an involvement of the ammonia-decreasing action of L-arginine in suppressing picrotoxin-induced convulsions in rats and its additive action with diazepam. Neurological research, 2001, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Brain; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy; GABA Antagonists; GABA Mod	2001
Cerebral metabolic changes during prolonged epileptic seizures in rats. Journal of neurochemistry, 1977, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Bicuculline; Biological Transport; Brain; Citric	1977
The time course of brain and blood catecholamines, catechol O-methyltransferase, and amino acids in rats convulsed by oxygen at high pressure. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1979, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Catechol O-Methyltransferase; Catecholamines; gamma-Aminobutyr	1979
Effect of adrenalectomy on convulsions induced by high-pressure oxygen. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1979, Volume: 57, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Catecholamines; Hyperbaric Oxyg	1979
Cerebral metabolic and circulatory changes in the rat during sustained seizures induced by DL-homocysteine. Brain research, 1979, Dec-21, Volume: 179, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Citric Acid Cycle;	1979
[Therapeutic effectiveness of pyridoxine pyrrolidonecarboxylate in febrile convulsions in children]. Minerva pediatrica, 1977, Oct-27, Volume: 29, Issue:33 Topics: Ammonia; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Infant; Isonicotinic Acids; Male; Pyrido	1977
Electrocardiographic observation on goats with urea-ammonia poisoning and a consideration on the main cause of death. National Institute of Animal Health quarterly, 1977,Winter, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Electrocardiography; Female; Goats; Respiration; Respiration, Arti	1977
Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on brain and blood catecholamine, ammonia, and amino acid metabolism in rats subjected to high pressure oxygen induced convulsions. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1978, Volume: 56, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Hydroxydopamines; Hyperbaric Oxygena	1978
Argininosuccinic aciduria: metabolic studies and effects of treatment with keto-analogues of essential amino acids. European journal of pediatrics, 1978, Jul-19, Volume: 128, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Essential; Ammonia; Arginine;	1978
[Experimental study of glipizide. A comparison with other hypoglycemic sulfonamides (author's transl)]. Diabete & metabolisme, 1975, Volume: 1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Ammonia; Animals; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glipizide; G	1975
Effect of histamine and ammonia on hypomagnesemia in ruminants. Journal of animal science, 1977, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Calcium; Cattle; Female; Histamine; Magnesium; Magnesium Deficiency; Male; Phospho	1977
The effect of acute and subacute ammonia intoxication on regional cerebral acetylcholine levels in rats. Biochemical medicine, 1977, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Acetylcholine; Ammonia; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Rats; Seiz	1977
Convulsion in urea-ammonia poisoning in goats and rabbits. National Institute of Animal Health quarterly, 1977,Fall, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Female; Goats; Rabbits; Seizures; Urea	1977
Modification of pp' DDT induced convulsions by changes in the level of cerebral gamma-aminobutyric acid in mice. Journal of neurochemistry, 1976, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Aminobutyrates; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; DDT; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hydroxyl	1976
Lithium protection against oxygen toxicity in rats: ammonia and amino acid metabolism. The Journal of physiology, 1976, Volume: 260, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Glutamates; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Lithium; Male; O	1976
Ammonia absorption from the rumen to the systemic circulation with urea poisoning in goats. National Institute of Animal Health quarterly, 1976,Winter, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Ascitic Fluid; Female; Goats; Hepatic Veins; Intestines; Jugular Veins; Lymph; Rum	1976
Hyperammonemia due to a urea cycle enzyme deficiency in two dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1975, Jun-01, Volume: 166, Issue:11 Topics: Ammonia; Anemia; Animals; Arginase; Argininosuccinate Synthase; Blood Proteins; Dog Diseases; Dogs;	1975
[Chronic hyperammonemia with orotic aciduria: evidence of pyrimidine pathway stimulation (author's transl)]. Diabete & metabolisme, 1975, Volume: 1 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Child, Preschool; Dietary Proteins; Erythrocytes; Growth Disorders; H	1975
Valproate use associated with persistent hyperammonemia and mitochondrial injury in a child with Down's syndrome. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 1992, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Ammonia; Bone Marrow; Child, Preschool; Down Syndrome; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Liver; Male; Mitoc	1992
Heterozygote ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency presenting as symptomatic hyperammonemia during initiation of valproate therapy. Neurology, 1992, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Pt 1 Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Female; Heterozygote; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Def	1992
Emergency department laboratory evaluation of children with seizures: dogma or dilemma? Pediatric emergency care, 1992, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Ammonia; Blood Glucose; Calcium; Child; Child, Preschool; Electrolyt	1992
Changes in striatal and cortical amino acid and ammonia levels of rat brain after one hyperbaric oxygen-induced seizure. Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 1992, Volume: 63, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Str	1992
Suppression of neurotoxicity of ammonia by L-carnitine. Brain research, 1991, Dec-20, Volume: 567, Issue:2 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Carnitine; Energy Metabolism; Male; Mice; Mice,	1991
Therapeutic effects of a ketogenic diet in Rett syndrome. American journal of medical genetics. Supplement, 1986, Volume: 1 Topics: Ammonia; Blood Glucose; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Fats; Electroencephalography; Energy Intake	1986
Free and total serum valproate concentrations: their relationship to seizure control, liver enzymes and plasma ammonia in children. The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques, 1986, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ammonia; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Li	1986
Transient hyperammonaemia. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 1987, Volume: 10, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Child, Preschool; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Lysine; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Ornit	1987
Valproic acid efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics in neonates with intractable seizures. Neurology, 1988, Volume: 38, Issue:3 Topics: Absorption; Ammonia; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Osmolar Concentration; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1988
Rett syndrome in Sri Lanka. The Ceylon medical journal, 1988, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Ammonia; Ataxia; Autistic Disorder; Child; Dementia; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Seizures	1988
Natural history of symptomatic partial ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. The New England journal of medicine, 1986, Feb-27, Volume: 314, Issue:9 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Ataxia; Child, Preschool; Coma; Diagnosis, Differenti	1986
Studies on a case of HHH-syndrome (hyperammonemia, hyperornithinemia, homocitrullinuria). Neuropediatrics, 1986, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Biological Transport; Child, Preschool;	1986
Investigations into mechanisms responsible for seizures induced by chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides: the role of brain ammonia and glutamine in convulsions in the rat and cockerel. Journal of neurochemistry, 1971, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Bridged-Ring Compounds; Chickens; DDT; Dieldrin; Female; Glutamine; Hexachl	1971
[Neuropsychiatric incidences in antitubercular treatment consisting of isoniazid or isoniazid and ethionamide (8 cases)]. Annales medico-psychologiques, 1969, Volume: 127, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Alcoholism; Ammonia; Avitaminosis; Carboxy-Lyases; Chromatography, Paper; Chromatog	1969
The etiology of congenital cataracts. A survey of 386 cases. Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie, 1971, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Birth Weight; Cataract; Central Nervous System Diseases; Congenital Abnormalities; Down Syn	1971
Chemical studies in relation to convulsive conditions. Effect of Telodrin on the liberation and utilization of ammonia in rat brain. The Biochemical journal, 1964, Volume: 90, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Benzofurans; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chromatography	1964
Amino acids and cerebral excitability. Journal of neurochemistry, 1969, Volume: 16, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Diet; Glutamates; Glutamine	1969
Temporal effect of m-fluorotyrosine on brain (prosencephalon and rhombencephalon) ammonia and glutamine during seizures. Brain research, 1972, Feb-11, Volume: 37, Issue:1 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Female; Fluorine; Glutamine; Rats; Seizu	1972
Argininosuccinicaciduria: clinical, metabolic and dietary study. Journal of mental deficiency research, 1974, Volume: 18, Issue:0 Topics: Affective Symptoms; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Arginase; Arginine; Ataxia; Child	1974
[Developing mechanism of the adverse effects of L-asparaginase and their control]. Blut, 1974, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Ammonia; Arginine; Asparaginase; Glutamates; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acu	1974
Hyperammonemia resulting from intravenous alimentation using a mixture of synthetic l-amino acids: a preliminary report. The Journal of pediatrics, 1972, Volume: 81, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arginine; Glutamates; Humans; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infa	1972
[Mechanism of intrahepatic accumulation of dicarboxylic amino acids during ammonia poisoning]. Biochimie, 1972, Volume: 54, Issue:11 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Citrates; Citrulline; Dicarboxylic	1972
Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency in the newborn infant. The Journal of pediatrics, 1973, Volume: 82, Issue:4 Topics: Acidosis; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Autopsy; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Coma; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Bloo	1973
[Argininosuccinic aciduria with and without hyperammoniemia. Study of 2 cases]. Minerva pediatrica, 1973, Mar-03, Volume: 25, Issue:7 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child,	1973
Prognostic value of electroencephalography in Reye's syndrome. Neurology, 1973, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adolescent; Ammonia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticonvulsants; Aspartate Aminotransfer	1973
Metabolic and genetic studies of a family with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. Pediatric research, 1974, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Ammonia; Ammonium Chloride; Brain; Citrates; Dietary Proteins; Estradiol; Glucose; Heterozygote; Hum	1974
Brain histology and behavior of mice injected with urease. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 1974, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cell Nucleus; Disease	1974
Clinical staging in Reye syndrome. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1974, Volume: 128, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Ammonia; Blood Glucose; Brain Diseases; Brain Edema; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Child	1974
Severe neonatal citrullinaemia. Archives of disease in childhood, 1974, Volume: 49, Issue:7 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arginine; Citrulline; Dietary Carbohydra	1974
Monitoring cerebral blood flow and oxygen, glucose, lactate and ammonia metabolism. Circulation research, 1967, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Arteries; Bemegride; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Glucose; B	1967
Effect of experimentally induced seizures on some amino acids and ammonia in rat brain. Biochemical pharmacology, 1972, Apr-15, Volume: 21, Issue:8 Topics: Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Electroshock; Female; Glutama	1972
Effects of excitation and anaesthesia on the glutamine content of the rat brain with a reference to the administration of glutamine. Journal of neurochemistry, 1972, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Delirium; Glutamates; Glutamine; Head; Huma	1972
Cerebral effects of acute ammonia intoxication. I. The influence on intracellular and extracellular acid-base parameters. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation, 1971, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Ammonia; Animals; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Body Fluids; Body W	1971
Blood metabolites in the hyperammonemic pig. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 1970, Volume: 134, Issue:1 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Auditory Perception; Blood Glucose; Calcium; Carbonates; Citric Acid Cycle; Hyperv	1970
Protein-bound amide groups in brain. Canadian journal of biochemistry, 1970, Volume: 48, Issue:10 Topics: Amides; Ammonia; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Carbon Isotopes; Cerebral Cortex; Glucose; Glut	1970
[Metabolic studies of epileptic seizures. Studies of glutamate metabolism in regions of the dog brain in preconvulsive states]. Journal of neurochemistry, 1970, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Amygdala; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Brain; C	1970
Biochemical effects of fluoroacetate administration in rat brain, heart and blood. Biochemical pharmacology, 1970, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Aminobutyrates; Ammonia; Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain Chemistry; Citrates; Citric Acid Cycle; Fluor	1970
On the changes in the ammonia content of rat brain upon convulsions and under the influence of anticonvulsive drugs. Izvestiia na Instituta po fiziologiia, 1970, Volume: 13 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Rats; Seizures	1970
Effect of dietary protein on symptoms and survival in dogs with an Eck fistula. American journal of surgery, 1971, Volume: 121, Issue:2 Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Blood Chemical Ana	1971
[The biochemical basis for epileptic seizures elicited in animals]. Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1971, Volume: 71, Issue:1 Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; C	1971
Some neurochemical aspects of fluorocitrate intoxication. Journal of neurochemistry, 1971, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain	1971
[The effect of olfactory stimuli on the seizure disposition in epilepsy]. Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, 1967, Jan-01, Volume: 61, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Humans; Menthol;	1967
[Recurrent coma with hyperammoniemia and gaseous alkalosis in a patient with a uretero-colonic anastomosis]. Journal d'urologie et de nephrologie, 1967, Volume: 73, Issue:6 Topics: Alkalosis; Ammonia; Colon; Female; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intes	1967
Cerebral amino acids and lipids in drug-induced status epilepticus. Journal of neurochemistry, 1968, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Bemegride; Brain Chemistry; Dogs; Lipids; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; S	1968
The neurochemical effects of fluorocitrate. Neurology, 1968, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Isotopes; Cats; Citrates; Citric Acid Cycle;	1968
[Dynamics of the formation and bonding of ammonia in rat brain tissue under the influence of acoustic stimulation inducing convulsions]. Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1968, Volume: 66, Issue:11 Topics: Amides; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glutamates; Glutamine; Male; M	1968
The neurotoxicity of beta-N-oxalyl-L-alphabeta-diaminopropionic acid, the neurotoxin from the pulse Lathyrus sativus. The Biochemical journal, 1969, Volume: 112, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Glutamates; Glutamine; Injecti	1969
Hyperornithinemia, hyperammonemia, and homocitrullinuria. A new disorder of amino acid metabolism associated with myoclonic seizures and mental retardation. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1969, Volume: 117, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Ataxia; Child, Preschool; Citrulline; Di	1969
[Metabolic studies on epileptic seizures. The activity of glutaminase and glutamine synthetase and ammonia metabolism before and during cerebral convulsions]. Journal of neurochemistry, 1969, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Glutaminase; Ligases; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rats; Seizures	1969
Glycogen, ammonia and related metabolities in the brain during seizures evoked by methionine sulphoximine. Journal of neurochemistry, 1969, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Glucose; Glutamates; G	1969
Reye's syndrome: ammonia intoxication as a possible factor in the encephalopathy. Pediatrics, 1969, Volume: 43, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Ammonia; Brain Diseases; Child; Child, Preschool; Coma; Dermatitis; Fatty Liver; Female;	1969
The effect of audiogenic seizures on labile nitrogen and phosphorus containing compounds in the rat brain. Biochemical pharmacology, 1965, Volume: 14, Issue:9 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenal Glands; Ammonia; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Hexosephos	1965
[Acute isoniazid poisoning. Points of onset in the macro-organism, symptoms and measures of treatment]. Beitrage zur Klinik und Erforschung der Tuberkulose und der Lungenkrankheiten, 1965, Dec-30, Volume: 131, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Animals; Barbiturates; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Blood; Hexobarbita	1965
Carbamylaspartate, a new agent against acute ammonia intoxication. Biochemical pharmacology, 1966, Volume: 15, Issue:7 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carbamates; Male; Mortality; Rats; Seizures	1966

ammonium hydroxide and Seizures