amitriptyline and Depression studies

Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.
amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.

Depression: Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"This controlled, randomized study investigated the hypothesis that the combined use of pregabalin plus paroxetine for fibromyalgia management would be associated with comparable Somatic Symptoms Scale-8 (SSS-8) and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESDS) scores, but higher tolerability than the combined use of pregabalin plus either amitriptyline or venlafaxine."	9.24	Comparative Efficacy of Newer Antidepressants in Combination with Pregabalin for Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Controlled, Randomized Study. ( Ramzy, EA, 2017)
"This study aims to compare the efficacy and tolerability of extended-release quetiapine with amitriptyline for treating fibromyalgia."	9.19	Quetiapine extended-release (Seroquel-XR) versus amitriptyline monotherapy for treating patients with fibromyalgia: a 16-week, randomized, flexible-dose, open-label trial. ( Calandre, EP; Galán, J; Hidalgo-Tallon, J; Molina-Barea, R; Morillas-Arques, P; Rico-Villademoros, F; Rodriguez-Lopez, CM; Vilchez, JS, 2014)
"The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between magnesium levels and fibromyalgia symptoms and to determine the effect of magnesium citrate treatment on these symptoms."	9.17	Is magnesium citrate treatment effective on pain, clinical parameters and functional status in patients with fibromyalgia? ( As, I; Atalay, A; Bagis, S; Erdogan, C; Karabiber, M; Tamer, L, 2013)
"We assessed the effect of 3-month treatment of sertraline (50 mg) or low-dose amitriptyline (25 mg) on depression and quality of life in 31 patients with Parkinson's disease in a prospective single-blind randomized study."	9.12	Randomized study of sertraline and low-dose amitriptyline in patients with Parkinson's disease and depression: effect on quality of life. ( Antonini, A; Barone, P; Canesi, M; De Gaspari, D; Mariani, C; Meucci, N; Pezzoli, G; Sacilotto, G; Tesei, S; Zecchinelli, A, 2006)
"To comparatively observe the curative effect, adverse reaction and compliance of Modified Xiaoyao Pill combining amitriptyline (MXP-At) in treating patients with depression."	9.12	[Comparative study of Modified Xiaoyao Pill combining amitriptyline on therapeutic effect and compliance in treating patients with depression]. ( Liu, JL; Yang, ZY; Zhang, WB, 2007)
"To compare the efficacy and tolerability of paroxetine (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) with that of amitriptyline (a tricyclic antidepressant) in the treatment of depression in 191 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)."	9.09	Paroxetine versus amitriptyline for treatment of depression associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double blind, parallel group study. ( Bird, H; Broggini, M, 2000)
"The effectiveness of amitriptyline in relieving neuropathic pain following treatment of breast cancer was studied in 15 patients in a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study."	9.08	Amitriptyline effectively relieves neuropathic pain following treatment of breast cancer. ( Eija, K; J, NP; Tiina, T, 1996)
"The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of buspirone (BSR), in comparison with amitriptyline (AML) in the prophylactic treatment of chronic tension-type headache (CTH), in an open and randomized clinical trial."	9.08	Buspirone vs amitriptyline in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache. ( Gatzonis, S; Ilias, A; Mitsikostas, DD; Thomas, A, 1997)
"OBJECTIVE (BACKGROUND): Amitriptyline (AT) is a standard therapy for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)."	9.08	Nortriptyline versus amitriptyline in postherpetic neuralgia: a randomized trial. ( Chipman, M; Reed, K; Vernich, L; Watson, CP, 1998)
"Amitriptyline reduces the pain caused by peripheral-nerve disease, but treatment is often limited by side effects related to the drug's many pharmacologic actions."	9.07	Effects of desipramine, amitriptyline, and fluoxetine on pain in diabetic neuropathy. ( Dubner, R; Lynch, SA; Max, MB; Muir, J; Shoaf, SE; Smoller, B, 1992)
"We attempted a randomized, double blind trial of placebo vs cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) in 40 female patients with fibromyalgia from a private rheumatology practice in Maine."	9.06	A randomized trial of cyclobenzaprine for the treatment of fibromyalgia. ( Block, SR; Gratwick, GM; Quimby, LG; Whitney, CD, 1989)
"The efficacy of amitriptyline was evaluated in 28 patients with chronic oral-facial pain."	9.06	The analgesic effect of amitriptyline on chronic facial pain. ( Dionne, RA; Dubner, R; Schmidt, E; Sharav, Y; Singer, E, 1987)
"To study the effects of amitriptyline in treating postherpetic neuralgia, 24 patients were randomly assigned to either drug or placebo in a double-blind crossover study."	9.05	Amitriptyline versus placebo in postherpetic neuralgia. ( Evans, RJ; Goldsmith, L; Merskey, H; Reed, K; Warsh, J; Watson, CP, 1982)
"A group of forty patients who presented to their general practitioner with depression or somatic complaints, which were considered to be due to depression, were included in a double-blind trial of dothiepin and amitriptyline."	9.05	A double-blind study of dothiepin hydrochloride (Prothiaden) and amitriptyline in out-patients with masked depression. ( Dahl, LE; Dencker, SJ; Lundin, L, 1981)
"A double-blind trial was carried out in 47 patients with depression to compare the effectiveness of 30 mg mianserin, 60 mg mianserin and 50 mg sustained-release amitriptyline, each given as a single dose at night over a period of 4 weeks."	9.05	A double-blind controlled trial of mianserin and amitriptyline in depression. ( Mehta, BM; Spear, FG; Whittington, JR, 1980)
"A double-blind trial was undertaken to compare the antidepressant efficacy and the side effects of Lofepramine with those of Amitriptyline in the treatment of endogenous depression."	9.04	A double-blind trial with amitriptyline and lofepramine in the treatment of endogenous depression. ( Marneros, A; Philipp, M, 1979)
"Patients suffering from mixed anxiety/depressive reactions, referred to the out-patient department of a large psychiatric hospital, were treated with either amitriptyline tablets or fluphenazine with nortriptyline (f/n) tablets for a period of four weeks."	9.04	A comparison of amitriptyline and a fluphenazine/nortriptyline preparation in anxiety-depressive states. ( Bennie, EH; Schiff, AA, 1976)
"Patients suffering from mixed anxiety/depressive states referred to a psychiatric out-patient clinic completed a four course of either a once-daily table of 30 mg nortriptyline with 1-5 mag fluphenazine, or a sustained release capsule of 50 mg amitriptyline once daily, on a double-blind basis."	9.04	Once-daily treatment for mixed anxiety/depressive states: a comparison of slow release amitriptyline and fluphenazine with nortriptyline. ( Magnus, RV; Schiff, AA, 1977)
"Sixteen patients with primary depression were treated for 4 wk with amitriptyline."	9.04	Amitriptyline plasma levels and clinical response in primary depression. ( Coble, P; Grau, T; Hanin, I; Kupfer, DJ; Spiker, DG, 1977)
"For many years amitriptyline has been considered one of the reference compounds for the pharmacological treatment of depression."	8.84	Amitriptyline for depression. ( Barbui, C; Guaiana, G; Hotopf, M, 2007)
"For many years amitriptyline has been considered one of the reference compounds for the pharmacological treatment of depression."	8.82	Amitriptyline versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression. ( Barbui, C; Guaiana, G; Hotopf, M, 2003)
"Although the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used as first-line agents in depression, amitriptyline, a reference tricyclic (TCA) agent, has the edge in terms of efficacy over control antidepressants (ADs), but it is not clear whether this advantage can be attributed to a more favourable profile in inpatients, but not in outpatients, with depression."	8.82	Amitriptyline for inpatients and SSRIs for outpatients with depression? Systematic review and meta-regression analysis. ( Barbui, C; Guaiana, G; Hotopf, M, 2004)
"The relationship between serum concentration (C(s)) of amitriptyline and its therapeutic effect in depression has been investigated frequently over the last 3 decades; however, the results were controversial and no consensus was reached."	8.81	Comprehensive survey of the relationship between serum concentration and therapeutic effect of amitriptyline in depression. ( Läuter, J; Ulrich, S, 2002)
"Available data suggest that mirtazapine is a cost-effective alternative to amitriptyline and fluoxetine for the treatment of depression."	8.80	Mirtazapine. A pharmacoeconomic review of its use in depression. ( Foster, RH; Holm, KJ; Jarvis, B, 2000)
"24 516 people diagnosed with depression, aged 18-99 years, initially prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and then prescribed mirtazapine, a different SSRI, amitriptyline or venlafaxine."	8.12	Association between mirtazapine use and serious self-harm in people with depression: an active comparator cohort study using UK electronic health records. ( Butler, D; Coupland, C; Hippisley-Cox, J; Hollis, C; Jack, RH; Joseph, RM; Knaggs, RD; Morriss, R, 2022)
"The objective of this study was to investigate differences in clinical, psychological, and psychophysical outcomes according to use of prophylactic medication (amitriptyline) in tension-type headache (TTH)."	7.91	Variables Associated With the Use of Prophylactic Amitriptyline Treatment in Patients With Tension-type Headache. ( Arendt-Nielsen, L; Castaldo, M; Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, C; Ordás-Bandera, C; Palacios-Ceña, M; Torelli, P; Wang, K, 2019)
"A new (aryloxyalkyl)adenine derivative Adeprophen (9-[2-(4-isopropylphenoxy)ethyl]adenine, VMA-99-82) has a strong antidepressant effect on the model of reserpine-induced depression in rats (single dose 4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally)."	7.83	Comparison of the Efficiency of Adeprophen and Antidepressants of Various Groups on the Model of Reserpine-Induced Depression in Rats. ( Bagmetova, VV; Chernysheva, YV; Ozerov, AA; Tyurenkov, IN, 2016)
" Therefore, the study objectives were to investigate the effects of the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline on mood, learning, central cytokine expression and skeletal muscle inflammation in mdx mice."	7.80	Amitriptyline is efficacious in ameliorating muscle inflammation and depressive symptoms in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. ( Bouma, J; Jensen, L; Kulbida, R; Manning, J; O'Malley, D; Rai, P; Singh, SP; Yilmazer-Hanke, D, 2014)
"The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and use of amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, in patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD)."	7.77	Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and amitriptyline in patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders: a pilot study. ( Calderon, Pdos S; Camargo, AP; Conti, PC; Oliveira, LC; Ramos Netto, Tde C; Tabaquim, Mde L, 2011)
"This study modelled the economic impact of mirtazapine, compared to amitriptyline and fluoxetine, in the management of moderate and severe depression in the UK, as well as the costs related to discontinuation of antidepressant treatment."	7.70	Economic impact of using mirtazapine compared to amitriptyline and fluoxetine in the treatment of moderate and severe depression in the UK. ( Borghi, J; Guest, JF, 2000)
"Acute pretreatment with clinically equivalent doses of antidepressive drugs has been observed to block D,L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) induced behavioral depression in rats working on a food-reinforced operant schedule."	7.67	Postsynaptic serotonergic blockade following chronic antidepressive treatment with trazodone in an animal model of depression. ( Aprison, MH; Hendrie, HC; Hingtgen, JN, 1984)
"The efforts involved in structuring and implementing a drug utilization review (DUR) program that was designed to assess the use of amitriptyline for depression when prescribed by internists and psychiatrists is described."	7.67	Evaluation of amitriptyline use for depression when prescribed by internists and psychiatrists. ( Cano, SB; Generali, JA; Godwin, HN; Hastings, MT; Letendre, DE; Preskorn, SH, 1984)
"We report the case of a patient in whom amitriptyline administration for 5 wk was followed by prolonged cholestasis."	7.67	Amitriptyline-induced prolonged cholestasis. ( Amouyal, G; Benhamou, JP; Danne, O; Degott, C; Feldmann, G; Larrey, D; Machayekhi, JP; Pessayre, D, 1988)
"In a case of acute intoxication with a tricyclic antidepressant (amitriptyline) delirium was prolonged without there being prominent peripheral anticholinergic or electrocardiographic signs."	7.66	Prolonged delirium without anticholinergic signs following amitriptyline overdose. ( Gomolin, IH; Melmed, CA, 1983)
"Fifty-four patients suffering from primary depressive illness were rated on the Newcastle diagnostic scale while taking part in a pharmacokinetic study of amitriptyline therapy, and their clinical response was assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression."	7.66	Classification of depression and response to amitriptyline therapy. ( Coppen, A; Rao, VA, 1979)
"The introduction of two tricyclic compounds (iprindole and mianserin) that are reported to have antidepressant properties but to be relatively devoid of effects on central amine neurotransmitter systems has raised questions about the amine hypothesis of depression and about the mechanism of action of tricyclics in general."	7.66	Novel antidepressants and the biogenic amine hypothesis of depression. The case for iprindole and mianserin. ( Goodwin, FK; Zis, AP, 1979)
" Placebo had no effect on his cycles, amitriptyline lessened the amplitude of depression on "bad days" but did not effect the 48-hour periodicity, whereas lithium carbonate therapy terminated both affective symptoms and the cycle itself."	7.66	The effects of amitriptyline and lithium on a patient with 48-hour recurrent depressions. ( Gelenberg, AJ; Klerman, GL, 1978)
"Eosinophilia and jaundice occured in a depressed patient treated with amitriptyline, an association which is previously unreported."	7.66	Jaundice and eosinophilia associated with amitriptyline. ( Anderson, BN; Henrikson, IR, 1978)
"The authors studied changes in indices of thyroid function prospectively in a group of 11 patients given amitriptyline to treat depression."	7.65	Thyroid function and growth hormone secretion in amitriptyline-treated depression. ( Kirstein, L; Leichter, SB; Martin, ND, 1977)
"Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels were determined in 31 women with unipolar involutional depression using the probenecid technique."	7.65	Correlation of anxiety and related symptoms with cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in depressed women. ( Banki, CM, 1977)
"In an open, uncontrolled trial flupenthixol was administered to 45 patients with endogenous depression."	7.65	Effect of flupenthixol on depression with special reference to combination use with tricyclic antidepressants. An uncontrolled pilot study with 45 patients. ( Baba, O; Fujiwara, J; Hanaoka, M; Ishino, H; Sasaki, K, 1976)
"A group of depressed women treated with amitriptyline was studied with particular attention to the speed of response in different symptoms of depression and in psychotic as compared to neurotic depressives."	7.65	Rapidity of symptom reduction in depressions treated with amitriptyline. ( DiMascio, A; Haskell, DS; Prusoff, B, 1975)
"Depression was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) short form."	6.69	Amitriptyline treatment of chronic pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders. ( Curtis, D; Levine, J; McCall, WD; Plesh, O, 2000)
" As indicated by the significant decrease in the Hamilton Depression scale and the Montgomery Asberg Depression scale, fluoxetine showed similar antidepressant effects to amitriptyline with significantly fewer adverse effects."	6.67	Fluoxetine in major depression: efficacy, safety and effects on sleep polygraphic variables. ( Czarka, M; de Maertelaer, V; Kerkhofs, M; Linkowski, P; Mendlewicz, J; Rielaert, C, 1990)
"Ritanserin was highly effective in reducing Pain Total Index and analgesic consumption in chronic headache, and its activity was similar to that observed during amitriptyline treatment."	6.67	A new 5-HT2 antagonist (ritanserin) in the treatment of chronic headache with depression. A double-blind study vs amitriptyline. ( Blandini, F; Cerutti, G; Facchinetti, F; Granella, F; Manzoni, GC; Nappi, G; Ruiz, L; Sandrini, G, 1990)
"Mianserin was given at a dose of 30 mg for the first 7 days followed by 60 mg daily for the remaining 5 weeks."	6.66	The drug treatment of depression in general practice: a comparison of nocte administration of trazodone with mianserin, dothiepin and amitriptyline. ( Blacker, R; Chapman, N; Davey, A; Shanks, NJ, 1988)
"Amitriptyline was the most effective with regard to symptoms included in the factor Sleep Disturbances and-secondary maybe-towards some items included in the factor Somatization."	6.65	Amoxapine versus amitriptyline in endogenous depression. A double-blind study. ( Fruensgaard, K; Hansen, CE; Korsgaard, S; Nymgaard, K; Vaag, UH, 1979)
"Pizotyline at two dosage levels or one dosage level of amitriptyline were administered under double-blind conditions to 100 depressed out-patients in a community mental health clinic; 73 patients completed the four-week study."	6.64	Clinical results with pizotyline in depression. ( Calobrisi, A; Olgiati, S, 1974)
" The dosage schedule was a flexible one, with a daily dose range from 50-200 mg for nomifensine and 50-225 mg for amitriptyline."	6.64	Dopaminergic agonist nomifensine compared with amitriptyline: a double-blind clinical trial in acute primary depressions. ( Daigle, L; Grof, P; Mahutte, G; Saxena, B, 1977)
" The dosage for the first week was 25 mg t."	6.64	A comparative clinical trial of mianserin (Norval) and amitriptyline in the treatment of depression in general practice. ( Bridgman, KM; Murphy, JE, 1978)
"When depression was accompanied by character disorder, the response was generally poor."	6.64	A comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and combined phenelzine-amitriptyline in refractory depression. ( Davidson, J; Law-Yone, B; Linnoila, M; McLeod, M, 1978)
" Stepwise titration of the drug resulted in an optimal daily dosage of 6 tablets (1 table, morning, 1 at noon, and 4 in the evening)."	6.64	The treatment of endomorphous and psychogenic depressions with a fixed combination of amitriptyline/flupenthixol (Lu 7410). ( Grünberger, J; Saletu, B; Schanda, H, 1976)
"Amitriptyline was also used in combination with aspirin and dexamethasone to inspect any synergistic effects."	5.43	Role of Aspirin and Dexamethasone against Experimentally Induced Depression in Rats. ( Bhatt, S; Goswami, S; Raval, J; Shukla, P, 2016)
"The response frequency to mechanical allodynia in mice was measured with von Frey hairs."	5.36	Depression-like behavior and mechanical allodynia are reduced by bis selenide treatment in mice with chronic constriction injury: a comparison with fluoxetine, amitriptyline, and bupropion. ( Jesse, CR; Nogueira, CW; Wilhelm, EA, 2010)
" These somatic complaints included most symptoms generally attributed as being adverse effects of amitriptyline and other tricyclics."	5.25	Relative safety of amitriptyline in maintenance treatment of depression. ( DiMascio, A; Klerman, GL; Prusoff, B, 1975)
"This controlled, randomized study investigated the hypothesis that the combined use of pregabalin plus paroxetine for fibromyalgia management would be associated with comparable Somatic Symptoms Scale-8 (SSS-8) and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESDS) scores, but higher tolerability than the combined use of pregabalin plus either amitriptyline or venlafaxine."	5.24	Comparative Efficacy of Newer Antidepressants in Combination with Pregabalin for Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Controlled, Randomized Study. ( Ramzy, EA, 2017)
"This study aims to compare the efficacy and tolerability of extended-release quetiapine with amitriptyline for treating fibromyalgia."	5.19	Quetiapine extended-release (Seroquel-XR) versus amitriptyline monotherapy for treating patients with fibromyalgia: a 16-week, randomized, flexible-dose, open-label trial. ( Calandre, EP; Galán, J; Hidalgo-Tallon, J; Molina-Barea, R; Morillas-Arques, P; Rico-Villademoros, F; Rodriguez-Lopez, CM; Vilchez, JS, 2014)
"The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between magnesium levels and fibromyalgia symptoms and to determine the effect of magnesium citrate treatment on these symptoms."	5.17	Is magnesium citrate treatment effective on pain, clinical parameters and functional status in patients with fibromyalgia? ( As, I; Atalay, A; Bagis, S; Erdogan, C; Karabiber, M; Tamer, L, 2013)
"We assessed the effect of 3-month treatment of sertraline (50 mg) or low-dose amitriptyline (25 mg) on depression and quality of life in 31 patients with Parkinson's disease in a prospective single-blind randomized study."	5.12	Randomized study of sertraline and low-dose amitriptyline in patients with Parkinson's disease and depression: effect on quality of life. ( Antonini, A; Barone, P; Canesi, M; De Gaspari, D; Mariani, C; Meucci, N; Pezzoli, G; Sacilotto, G; Tesei, S; Zecchinelli, A, 2006)
"To compare the efficacy and tolerability of paroxetine (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) with that of amitriptyline (a tricyclic antidepressant) in the treatment of depression in 191 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)."	5.09	Paroxetine versus amitriptyline for treatment of depression associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double blind, parallel group study. ( Bird, H; Broggini, M, 2000)
" Ninety-one hospitalised patients with a major depression (DSM-III) aged 65 and over from six Austrian and one German center were entered into the study, which compared the efficacy and tolerability of paroxetine versus amitriptyline."	5.08	Multicenter double blind study of paroxetine and amitriptyline in elderly depressed inpatients. ( Fartacek, R; Geretsegger, C; Heim, M; Mair, M; Platz, T; Stuppaeck, CH, 1995)
"The effectiveness of amitriptyline in relieving neuropathic pain following treatment of breast cancer was studied in 15 patients in a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study."	5.08	Amitriptyline effectively relieves neuropathic pain following treatment of breast cancer. ( Eija, K; J, NP; Tiina, T, 1996)
"The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of buspirone (BSR), in comparison with amitriptyline (AML) in the prophylactic treatment of chronic tension-type headache (CTH), in an open and randomized clinical trial."	5.08	Buspirone vs amitriptyline in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache. ( Gatzonis, S; Ilias, A; Mitsikostas, DD; Thomas, A, 1997)
"OBJECTIVE (BACKGROUND): Amitriptyline (AT) is a standard therapy for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)."	5.08	Nortriptyline versus amitriptyline in postherpetic neuralgia: a randomized trial. ( Chipman, M; Reed, K; Vernich, L; Watson, CP, 1998)
"Amitriptyline is the medication of first choice in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache."	5.07	Efficacy and tolerability of amitriptylinoxide in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache: a multi-centre controlled study. ( Diener, HC; Fischer, W; Haase, W; Isler, H; Meyer, C; Pfaffenrath, V; Scholz, E; Taneri, Z; Wessely, P; Zaiser-Kaschel, H, 1994)
"Amitriptyline reduces the pain caused by peripheral-nerve disease, but treatment is often limited by side effects related to the drug's many pharmacologic actions."	5.07	Effects of desipramine, amitriptyline, and fluoxetine on pain in diabetic neuropathy. ( Dubner, R; Lynch, SA; Max, MB; Muir, J; Shoaf, SE; Smoller, B, 1992)
"The authors treated 53 in-patients aged between 18 and 65 years who were suffering from major depression with either tranylcypromine, amitriptyline or a combination of tranylcypromine and amitriptyline."	5.07	A comparative study of the electrocardiographic effects of tranylcypromine and amitriptyline when prescribed singly and in combination. ( McKeon, P; O'Brien, S; O'Regan, M, 1991)
"In a double-blind trial, 32 patients with endogenous or neurotic depression requiring drug treatment in hospital were randomly allocated to a four-week treatment with amitriptylinoxide or amitriptyline."	5.06	Double-blind study of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of amitriptylinoxide in comparison with amitriptyline. ( Heinrich, K; Klieser, E; Lehmann, E; Tegeler, J, 1990)
"We attempted a randomized, double blind trial of placebo vs cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) in 40 female patients with fibromyalgia from a private rheumatology practice in Maine."	5.06	A randomized trial of cyclobenzaprine for the treatment of fibromyalgia. ( Block, SR; Gratwick, GM; Quimby, LG; Whitney, CD, 1989)
"To establish the differential indication of trazodone and to find the predictors of its efficacy, we conducted a study in which 45 patients with major depressive disorder and 75 patients with acute schizophrenia were randomly assigned under double-blind conditions to either 400 mg trazodone daily, 150 mg amitriptyline daily, 20 mg haloperidol daily, or placebo daily."	5.06	Experimental examination of trazodone. ( Klieser, E; Lehmann, E, 1989)
"Forty-seven patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were treated in a 32 week, double blind, crossover trial of amitriptyline, desipramine, trazodone, and placebo."	5.06	Antidepressant analgesia in rheumatoid arthritis. ( Atwood, C; Beck, NC; Brownlee-Duffeck, M; Elliott, TR; Frank, RG; Haut, AE; Kashani, JH; Kay, DR; Parker, JC; Smith, E, 1988)
"The efficacy of amitriptyline was evaluated in 28 patients with chronic oral-facial pain."	5.06	The analgesic effect of amitriptyline on chronic facial pain. ( Dionne, RA; Dubner, R; Schmidt, E; Sharav, Y; Singer, E, 1987)
"To study the effects of amitriptyline in treating postherpetic neuralgia, 24 patients were randomly assigned to either drug or placebo in a double-blind crossover study."	5.05	Amitriptyline versus placebo in postherpetic neuralgia. ( Evans, RJ; Goldsmith, L; Merskey, H; Reed, K; Warsh, J; Watson, CP, 1982)
"A group of forty patients who presented to their general practitioner with depression or somatic complaints, which were considered to be due to depression, were included in a double-blind trial of dothiepin and amitriptyline."	5.05	A double-blind study of dothiepin hydrochloride (Prothiaden) and amitriptyline in out-patients with masked depression. ( Dahl, LE; Dencker, SJ; Lundin, L, 1981)
"The study undertook to compare the efficacy of dibenzepin and amitriptyline in the treatment of endogenous depression."	5.04	A double blind study of the antidepressants dibenzepin (Noveril) and amitriptyline. ( Baron, DP; Knight, RG; Unger, HR; Williams, HE, 1976)
"Seventy-five patients were admitted to a double-blind multicentre trial of maprotiline (Ludiomil) and amitriptyline in the management of depression in general practice."	5.04	A comparison of maprotiline (Ludiomil) and amitriptyline (2). ( Mindham, BA, 1977)
"The clinical effect of a sustained release preparation of amitriptyline has been compared with that of conventional amitriptyline tablets in a double-blind cross-over study with 24 patients suffering from endogenous depression."	5.04	A clinical trial comparing sustained release amitryptyline (Saroten Retard) and conventional amitriptyline tablets (Saroten) in endogenously depressed patients with simultaneous determination of serum levels of amitryptyline and nortriptyline. ( Amdisen, A; Jørgensen, A; Liisberg, P; Mose, H; Petersen, HE, 1978)
" The authors present a randomized controlled trial comparing the combination of amitriptyline and short-term interpersonal psychotherapy, either treatment alone, and nonscheduled supportive psychotherapy in ambulatory patients with acute depression."	5.04	The efficacy of drugs and psychotherapy in the treatment of acute depressive episodes. ( Dimascio, A; Goklaney, M; Klerman, GL; Neu, C; Prusoff, BA; Weissman, MM, 1979)
"A double-blind controlled study was carried out in 51 patients with moderate to severe depression to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of amineptine (200 mg per day) with that of amitriptyline (75 mg per day) given over a period of 6 weeks."	5.04	Double-blind clinical trial of the antidepressant action of amineptine. ( van Amerongen, P, 1979)
"Patients suffering from mixed anxiety/depressive reactions, referred to the out-patient department of a large psychiatric hospital, were treated with either amitriptyline tablets or fluphenazine with nortriptyline (f/n) tablets for a period of four weeks."	5.04	A comparison of amitriptyline and a fluphenazine/nortriptyline preparation in anxiety-depressive states. ( Bennie, EH; Schiff, AA, 1976)
"Patients suffering from mixed anxiety/depressive states referred to a psychiatric out-patient clinic completed a four course of either a once-daily table of 30 mg nortriptyline with 1-5 mag fluphenazine, or a sustained release capsule of 50 mg amitriptyline once daily, on a double-blind basis."	5.04	Once-daily treatment for mixed anxiety/depressive states: a comparison of slow release amitriptyline and fluphenazine with nortriptyline. ( Magnus, RV; Schiff, AA, 1977)
"Sixteen patients with primary depression were treated for 4 wk with amitriptyline."	5.04	Amitriptyline plasma levels and clinical response in primary depression. ( Coble, P; Grau, T; Hanin, I; Kupfer, DJ; Spiker, DG, 1977)
"Amitriptyline was for a long time the sole medication for the management of depression in cardiological patients despite a large number of side effects."	4.88	[Antidepressants in cardiology]. ( Kolesnikov, DB; Kotov, AM; Stotsky, AD, 2012)
"Amitriptyline 25-50 mg/day reduces pain, fatigue, and depressiveness in patients with FMS and improves sleep and quality of life."	4.84	A systematic review on the effectiveness of treatment with antidepressants in fibromyalgia syndrome. ( Häuser, W; Sommer, C; Uçeyler, N, 2008)
"Available data suggest that mirtazapine is a cost-effective alternative to amitriptyline and fluoxetine for the treatment of depression."	4.80	Mirtazapine. A pharmacoeconomic review of its use in depression. ( Foster, RH; Holm, KJ; Jarvis, B, 2000)
"Mianserin is a tetracyclic compound advocated for the treatment of depressive illness and depression associated with anxiety."	4.75	Mianserin: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness. ( Avery, GS; Brogden, RN; Heel, RC; Speight, TM, 1978)
"24 516 people diagnosed with depression, aged 18-99 years, initially prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and then prescribed mirtazapine, a different SSRI, amitriptyline or venlafaxine."	4.12	Association between mirtazapine use and serious self-harm in people with depression: an active comparator cohort study using UK electronic health records. ( Butler, D; Coupland, C; Hippisley-Cox, J; Hollis, C; Jack, RH; Joseph, RM; Knaggs, RD; Morriss, R, 2022)
"The objective of this study was to investigate differences in clinical, psychological, and psychophysical outcomes according to use of prophylactic medication (amitriptyline) in tension-type headache (TTH)."	3.91	Variables Associated With the Use of Prophylactic Amitriptyline Treatment in Patients With Tension-type Headache. ( Arendt-Nielsen, L; Castaldo, M; Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, C; Ordás-Bandera, C; Palacios-Ceña, M; Torelli, P; Wang, K, 2019)
"Messenger RNA and proteins of ZnT1, ZnT3, ZnT4, ZnT5, ZnT6 and MT1/2 were measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (Hp) of rats subjected to olfactory bulbectomy (OB) (a model of depression) and chronic amitriptyline (AMI) treatment by Real Time PCR and Western Blot/Immunohistochemistry (IHP)."	3.85	The level of the zinc homeostasis regulating proteins in the brain of rats subjected to olfactory bulbectomy model of depression. ( Kotarska, K; Misztak, P; Nowak, B; Nowak, G; Pochwat, B; Rafalo, A; Sowa-Kucma, M; Szewczyk, B; Wiatrowska, K; Zadrozna, M, 2017)
"A new (aryloxyalkyl)adenine derivative Adeprophen (9-[2-(4-isopropylphenoxy)ethyl]adenine, VMA-99-82) has a strong antidepressant effect on the model of reserpine-induced depression in rats (single dose 4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally)."	3.83	Comparison of the Efficiency of Adeprophen and Antidepressants of Various Groups on the Model of Reserpine-Induced Depression in Rats. ( Bagmetova, VV; Chernysheva, YV; Ozerov, AA; Tyurenkov, IN, 2016)
" Therefore, the study objectives were to investigate the effects of the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline on mood, learning, central cytokine expression and skeletal muscle inflammation in mdx mice."	3.80	Amitriptyline is efficacious in ameliorating muscle inflammation and depressive symptoms in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. ( Bouma, J; Jensen, L; Kulbida, R; Manning, J; O'Malley, D; Rai, P; Singh, SP; Yilmazer-Hanke, D, 2014)
" She suffered from central poststroke pain and reactive depression as poststroke complications, for which amitriptyline was prescribed."	3.78	Neuropsychiatric manifestation after a stroke: newly developed symptoms or side-effect of drug? ( Ahmad, S; Aziz, NA; Tan, EC, 2012)
"The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and use of amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, in patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD)."	3.77	Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and amitriptyline in patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders: a pilot study. ( Calderon, Pdos S; Camargo, AP; Conti, PC; Oliveira, LC; Ramos Netto, Tde C; Tabaquim, Mde L, 2011)
"Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant widely used in the treatment of depression."	3.74	Massive intoxication involving unusual high concentration of amitriptyline. ( Barroso, M; Gallardo, E; Margalho, C; Monsanto, P; Vieira, DN, 2007)
"3."	3.74	A review of controlled studies with nomifensine, performed outside the UK. ( Habermann, W, 1977)
"An effect of most known antidepressants from three classes of modern antidepressive drugs with different mechanisms of action--amitriptyline (threecyclic antidepressant), paroxetine (SSRI) and tianeptine (SSRS)--have been compared by the indices of efficacy and tolerability in patients with mild and moderate depression during 6 weeks."	3.73	[A comparative study of efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants from different classes in mild and moderate depression]. ( Aldushin, AA; Avedisova, AS; Brodin, VI, 2006)
"This study modelled the economic impact of mirtazapine, compared to amitriptyline and fluoxetine, in the management of moderate and severe depression in the UK, as well as the costs related to discontinuation of antidepressant treatment."	3.70	Economic impact of using mirtazapine compared to amitriptyline and fluoxetine in the treatment of moderate and severe depression in the UK. ( Borghi, J; Guest, JF, 2000)
"We measured platelet-rich plasma (PRP) serotonin in patients suffering from tension-type headache, before and after treatment with amitriptyline, comparing them with a healthy control group and patients with untreated depression."	3.68	Platelet-rich plasma serotonin levels in tension-type headache and depression. ( Castillo, J; Leira, R; Martinez, F; Noya, M; Prieto, JM, 1993)
"In the tetrabenazine (TBZ) model of depression, the cerebromicrocirculation was discovered to respond abnormally to metabolic demand as mimicked by the administration of CO2."	3.67	Cerebromicrocirculatory defects in animal model of depression. ( Glotzbach, RK; Irwin, GH; Kent, TA; Preskorn, SH; Solnick, JV, 1984)
"Acute pretreatment with clinically equivalent doses of antidepressive drugs has been observed to block D,L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) induced behavioral depression in rats working on a food-reinforced operant schedule."	3.67	Postsynaptic serotonergic blockade following chronic antidepressive treatment with trazodone in an animal model of depression. ( Aprison, MH; Hendrie, HC; Hingtgen, JN, 1984)
"We report the case of a patient in whom amitriptyline administration for 5 wk was followed by prolonged cholestasis."	3.67	Amitriptyline-induced prolonged cholestasis. ( Amouyal, G; Benhamou, JP; Danne, O; Degott, C; Feldmann, G; Larrey, D; Machayekhi, JP; Pessayre, D, 1988)
"In a case of acute intoxication with a tricyclic antidepressant (amitriptyline) delirium was prolonged without there being prominent peripheral anticholinergic or electrocardiographic signs."	3.66	Prolonged delirium without anticholinergic signs following amitriptyline overdose. ( Gomolin, IH; Melmed, CA, 1983)
"Rats working on a food-reinforced operant schedule and exhibiting behavioral depression following administration of D,L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) were pretreated with one of three drugs: methysergide, fluoxetine, or amitriptyline."	3.66	Pre- and postsynaptic serotonergic manipulations in an animal model of depression. ( Aprison, MH; Hingtgen, JN; Nagayama, H, 1980)
"To further test the new hypersensitive postsynaptic serotonin (5-HT) receptor theory of depression bases on or animal model, it was necessary to demonstrate that some of the currently used antidepressive drugs can block D,L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) induced depression acting through postsynaptic rather than presynaptic mechanisms."	3.66	Postsynaptic action by four antidepressive drugs in an animal model of depression. ( Aprison, MH; Hingtgen, JN; Nagayama, H, 1981)
"Epileptiform seizures occurred in a 34-year-old woman who was receiving amitriptyline and lithium carbonate therapy for treatment of endogenous depression."	3.66	Seizures during lithium-amitriptyline therapy. ( Solomon, JG, 1979)
"The REM sleep of 23 nonpsychotic patients with primary depression was studied by means of an automated REM analyzer during a drug-free period and again during amitriptyline administration."	3.66	An automated analysis of REM sleep in primary depression. ( Coble, P; Kupfer, DJ; McPartland, RJ; Shaw, DH; Spiker, DG, 1979)
"The introduction of two tricyclic compounds (iprindole and mianserin) that are reported to have antidepressant properties but to be relatively devoid of effects on central amine neurotransmitter systems has raised questions about the amine hypothesis of depression and about the mechanism of action of tricyclics in general."	3.66	Novel antidepressants and the biogenic amine hypothesis of depression. The case for iprindole and mianserin. ( Goodwin, FK; Zis, AP, 1979)
"The effects of ECT, amitriptyline, clomipramine, maprotiline and desipramine on the course of endogenous depression were compared in 105 patients using repeated self-administered mood questionnaires as the outcome measure."	3.66	Effects of somatic treatments on mood in endogenous depression. ( Albert, W; Klicpera, C; Strian, F, 1979)
"18 female patients with primary depression received a slow intravenous infusion of amitriptyline and a good therapeutic response was observed in 15 patients as early as after 6 days."	3.66	Effect of intravenous infusion of amitriptyline on total blood serotonin content. ( Banki, CM; Vojnik, M, 1978)
"Eosinophilia and jaundice occured in a depressed patient treated with amitriptyline, an association which is previously unreported."	3.66	Jaundice and eosinophilia associated with amitriptyline. ( Anderson, BN; Henrikson, IR, 1978)
"Steady-state plasma tricyclic antidepressant levels were determined in 65 patients undergoing treatment for depression with either amitriptyline hydrochloride or nortriptyline hydrochloride to determine if common factors such as age, race, sex, or smoking status were predictors of steady-state drug levels that have been shown to vary up to 36-fold."	3.65	Tricyclic plasma levels. Effect of age, race, sex, and smoking. ( Biggs, JT; Ziegler, VE, 1977)
"001) in a group of 11 male patients with primary depression after 3 weeks of treatment with either amitriptyline or imipramine."	3.65	In vivo inhibition of platelet MAO activity by tricyclic antidepressants. ( Dackis, C; Stanfield, C; Sullivan, JL, 1977)
"The authors studied changes in indices of thyroid function prospectively in a group of 11 patients given amitriptyline to treat depression."	3.65	Thyroid function and growth hormone secretion in amitriptyline-treated depression. ( Kirstein, L; Leichter, SB; Martin, ND, 1977)
"Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels were determined in 31 women with unipolar involutional depression using the probenecid technique."	3.65	Correlation of anxiety and related symptoms with cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in depressed women. ( Banki, CM, 1977)
"In an open, uncontrolled trial flupenthixol was administered to 45 patients with endogenous depression."	3.65	Effect of flupenthixol on depression with special reference to combination use with tricyclic antidepressants. An uncontrolled pilot study with 45 patients. ( Baba, O; Fujiwara, J; Hanaoka, M; Ishino, H; Sasaki, K, 1976)
"A group of depressed women treated with amitriptyline was studied with particular attention to the speed of response in different symptoms of depression and in psychotic as compared to neurotic depressives."	3.65	Rapidity of symptom reduction in depressions treated with amitriptyline. ( DiMascio, A; Haskell, DS; Prusoff, B, 1975)
"In a small series of patients, suffering from obsessional disorders, it was found that there seems to be a type of depression which occurs during the course of clomipramine therapy."	3.65	Depressive reactions in the course of clomipramine therapy used in the treatment of obsessional conditions. ( Capstick, N, 1975)
"Patients with cirrhosis were found to be extremely sensitive to tranylcypromine, and the use of this drug for the treatment of depression in such patients is contraindicated."	3.65	Antidepressants and liver disease. ( Morgan, MH; Read, AE, 1972)
" Cardiac arrhythmias induced in children by amitriptyline and imipramine are prominent and dangerous."	3.65	Amitriptyline and imipramine poisoning in children. ( Goel, KM; Shanks, RA, 1974)
" Pharmacokinetic parameters related to absorption, distribution, and elimination were calculated."	2.78	Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of cyclobenzaprine tablets. ( Brioschi, TM; Ching, TH; Kano, EK; Koono, EE; Porta, V; Schramm, SG; Serra, CH, 2013)
"Amitriptyline was well tolerated."	2.73	Amitriptyline in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic symptoms. ( Haanpää, M; Kalso, E; Kautio, AL; Saarto, T, 2008)
" In both groups, the antidepressant dosing was continuously decreased up to complete withdrawal."	2.70	[Cognitive behavioral therapy of residual symptoms in patients with juvenile depression]. ( Kaz'mina, OIu; Krylova, ES; Oleĭchik, IV; Zeziulia, TN, 2002)
"Befloxatone is a new antidepressant with a potent, selective, competitive, and reversible inhibitory activity on the A isoform of monoamine oxidase (MAO-A)."	2.69	Cognitive performance in elderly subjects after a single dose of befloxatone, a new reversible selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitor. ( Allain, H; Cimarosti, I; Gandon, JM; Patat, A; Rosenzweig, P; Zieleniuk, I, 1998)
"Depression was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) short form."	2.69	Amitriptyline treatment of chronic pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders. ( Curtis, D; Levine, J; McCall, WD; Plesh, O, 2000)
" As indicated by the significant decrease in the Hamilton Depression scale and the Montgomery Asberg Depression scale, fluoxetine showed similar antidepressant effects to amitriptyline with significantly fewer adverse effects."	2.67	Fluoxetine in major depression: efficacy, safety and effects on sleep polygraphic variables. ( Czarka, M; de Maertelaer, V; Kerkhofs, M; Linkowski, P; Mendlewicz, J; Rielaert, C, 1990)
"Ritanserin was highly effective in reducing Pain Total Index and analgesic consumption in chronic headache, and its activity was similar to that observed during amitriptyline treatment."	2.67	A new 5-HT2 antagonist (ritanserin) in the treatment of chronic headache with depression. A double-blind study vs amitriptyline. ( Blandini, F; Cerutti, G; Facchinetti, F; Granella, F; Manzoni, GC; Nappi, G; Ruiz, L; Sandrini, G, 1990)
"Amitriptyline was superior to placebo in relieving pain in weeks 3 through 6."	2.66	Amitriptyline relieves diabetic neuropathy pain in patients with normal or depressed mood. ( Culnane, M; Dubner, R; Gracely, RH; Max, MB; Schafer, SC; Smoller, B; Walther, DJ, 1987)
"Mianserin was given at a dose of 30 mg for the first 7 days followed by 60 mg daily for the remaining 5 weeks."	2.66	The drug treatment of depression in general practice: a comparison of nocte administration of trazodone with mianserin, dothiepin and amitriptyline. ( Blacker, R; Chapman, N; Davey, A; Shanks, NJ, 1988)
"Mood disturbances accompanying migraine syndromes suggest a mode of action of such a class of drugs."	2.66	Antidepressant drugs and migraine. ( Agnoli, A; Manna, V; Martucci, N, 1985)
" The results of this study indicated that amitriptyline hydrochloride at a dosage of 150 mg at bedtime had significant antidepressant activity in this group of patients."	2.65	A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of amitriptyline in bulimia. ( Groat, R; Mitchell, JE, 1984)
" Plasma level determinations after 2 and 6 weeks of treatment revealed that moderately significant correlations existed between AT plasma levels and clinical improvement, dosage intake, age, weight, sex, and coffee intake."	2.65	Tricyclic plasma levels in depressed outpatients treated with amitriptyline. ( Case, G; Hucker, H; Rickels, K; Weise, C, 1983)
" Patients fulfilling defined admission criteria were randomly allocated to treatment with evening dosage of either 50 mg of the sustained release preparation or 75 mg of dothiepin for the first week of the trial."	2.65	Clinical trial comparison of a sustained release form of amitriptyline with dothiepin. ( Dorman, T, 1980)
"Amitriptyline was associated with significant prolongation of QRS and QTc but not PR intervals."	2.65	Cardiovascular effects of phenelzine and amitriptyline in depressed outpatients. ( Cooper, TB; Corcella, J; Keefover, R; Nies, A; Robinson, DS; Spencer, C, 1982)
"Two dosage schedules of amitriptyline hydrochloride, once daily vs three times daily, were compared in a group of 124 nonpsychotic depressed outpatients."	2.65	Amitriptyline once daily vs three times daily in depressed outpatients. ( Csanalosi, I; Pereira-Ogan, J; Rickels, K; Stein, MK; Weise, CC, 1980)
" The dosage was doubled after 1 week."	2.65	Comparison of the efficacy of sustained-release amitriptyline with maprotiline in the treatment of depressive illness. ( Sims, AC, 1980)
"A study was carried out in 80 mild to moderately depressed patients seen in general practice to assess the relative effectiveness and tolerance of a single night-time dose compared with the usual divided daily dosage regimen of a chlordiazepoxide (5 mg)/amitriptyline (12."	2.65	A comparison of a single night-time and a divided daily dosage regimen of a chlordiazepoxide/amitriptyline combination. ( Dean, BC; James, RT, 1980)
" The author concludes that ciclazindol offers promise and merits further study using higher dosage levels once its full safety trials have been completed."	2.65	A controlled comparative trial of a new antidepressant, ciclazindol. ( Levine, S, 1979)
"Amitriptyline was the most effective with regard to symptoms included in the factor Sleep Disturbances and-secondary maybe-towards some items included in the factor Somatization."	2.65	Amoxapine versus amitriptyline in endogenous depression. A double-blind study. ( Fruensgaard, K; Hansen, CE; Korsgaard, S; Nymgaard, K; Vaag, UH, 1979)
"Nondepressed subjects with severe migraine and depressed subjects with less severe migraine responded best to amitriptyline, whereas depressed subjects with severe migraine had little headache relief."	2.65	Amitriptyline in migraine prophylaxis. ( Couch, JR; Hassanein, RS, 1979)
"Pizotyline at two dosage levels or one dosage level of amitriptyline were administered under double-blind conditions to 100 depressed out-patients in a community mental health clinic; 73 patients completed the four-week study."	2.64	Clinical results with pizotyline in depression. ( Calobrisi, A; Olgiati, S, 1974)
"Amitriptyline was found to be mostly anxiolytic; noxiptyline controlled both depression and anxiety to approximately the same extent; and dibenzepine was found to be a mood-elevating drug with an energizing action."	2.64	Psychometric assessment of the therapeutic efficiency of antidepressant agents. ( Allam, M; Elwan, O; Hassan, MA; Souief, M, 1976)
" Patients received either Lentizol 50 mg or Tryptizol 75 75 mg each evening for the first week of the trial, and these dosages were then doubled for a further four-week trial period, with the proviso that dosage for individual patients could be maintained at, or altered to, original level where considered necessary by the investigator."	2.64	Clinical trial comparison of two sustained release forms of amitriptyline. ( Dorman, T, 1977)
" Clinical response to phenelzine is related to platelet MAO inhibition and dosage per unit body weight."	2.64	Clinical pharmacology of phenelzine. ( Bartlett, D; Ives, JO; Nies, A; Ravaris, CL; Robinson, DS, 1978)
"When depression was accompanied by character disorder, the response was generally poor."	2.64	A comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and combined phenelzine-amitriptyline in refractory depression. ( Davidson, J; Law-Yone, B; Linnoila, M; McLeod, M, 1978)
"Amitriptyline and mianserin were compared in a double-blind trial."	2.64	Mianserin versus amitriptyline. A double-blind-trial evaluated by the AMP system. ( Bente, D; Bohacek, N; Brändli, A; Feder, J; Fleischhauer, J; Helmchen, H; Mihovilović, M; Müller-Oerlinghausen, B; Vogel, HP; Walcher, W, 1976)
"Sixty depressed outpatients were allocated to treatment with either amitriptyline (75-225 mg/day) or flupenthixol (1-5-4-5 mg/day) in flexible dosage for six weeks under double-blind procedures."	2.64	A controlled comparison of flupenthixol and amitriptyline in depressed outpatients. ( Hughes, WC; Lader, MH; Young, JP, 1976)
"Patients with reactive depression and those with endogenous depression reponded equally well to Org GB 94."	2.64	Clinical and pharmacological effects of treatment with a new antidepressant. ( Coppen, AJ; Ghose, K, 1976)
"Within the conditions of the double-blind trial, it appears that long-acting amitriptyline (Diffucaps), given at the dosage of 25 mg at the evening meal, is more active and better tolerated than a dosage of 40 mg of ordinary amitriptyline at bedtime in depressive sleep disorders."	2.64	[Double-blind comparison between amitriptyline Diffucaps and ordinary amitriptyline in sleep disorders of depressive origin]. ( Brasseur, R, 1975)
"(Mianserin was compared with Amitriptyline in a double-blind-trial)."	2.64	[New diagnostic strategies in psychiatry by means of video-technique. I. The use of time-blind video analysis for the evaluation of antidepressant drug trials (author's transl)]. ( Busch, H; Renfordt, E, 1976)
"Nortriptyline-treated patients on a mean dose of 117 mg/day had a mean nortriptyline level of 141 ng/ml."	2.64	A comparison study of amitriptyline and nortriptyline with plasma levels. ( Biggs, JT; Clayton, PJ; Ziegler, VE, 1977)
"Amitriptyline was significantly more effective than placebo in its global effect on depression."	2.64	A controlled trial of maprotiline (Ludiomil) in depressed outpatients. ( McCallum, P; Meares, R, 1975)
"A controlled double-blind trial of amitriptyline at two dosage levels (75 and 150 mg/day), amylobarbitone (150 mg/day), and an inert substance for a period of four weeks was conducted on four matched groups of women attending their general practitioners and suffering from a depressive illness."	2.64	Controlled trial of amitriptyline in general practice. ( Blashki, TG; Davies, B; Mowbray, R, 1971)
" The starting dosage was 10 mg."	2.63	A double-blind comparison of a new antidepressant, protryptiline, with imipramine and amitryptiline. ( Davanloo, H; Moll, A; Straker, M, 1966)
"Amitriptyline is an old drug but is still prevalently used as the first-line treatment for a variety of common diseases."	2.58	Amitriptyline and Sexual Function: A Systematic Review Updated for Sexual Health Practice. ( Chen, KY; Chen, LW; Chen, MY; Chien, CC; Chu, YH; Lian, ZP; Lin, HS; Yin, HL, 2018)
"We define chronic migraine as that clinical situation in which migraine attacks appear 15 or more days per month."	2.48	[Chronic migraine: treatment]. ( Pascual, J, 2012)
"Antidepressant drugs have been used to treat tinnitus in patients with and without depressive symptoms."	2.48	Antidepressants for patients with tinnitus. ( Baldo, P; Cecco, S; Doree, C; McFerran, D; Molin, P, 2012)
"Such approach to treatment of insomnia in depressed patients protects them against dependence on hypnotic drugs."	2.47	[The effects of antidepressants on sleep in depressed patients with particular reference to trazodone in comparison to agomelatine, amitriptyline, doxepin, mianserine and mirtazapine]. ( Wichniak, A; Wierzbicka, A, 2011)
"The association of migraine and depression has been confirmed in numerous studies and it has been suggested that both diseases influence each other in a bidirectional way."	2.44	[A clinical challenge. Pragmatic treatment of migraine and concomitant depression]. ( Jürgens, TP; Koch, HJ; Leinisch, E, 2008)
"The most common risk factor for shingles and its potential sequela, PHN, is advanced age."	2.42	Post-herpetic neuralgia case study: optimizing pain control. ( Baron, R, 2004)
"Direct costs for treating depression, i."	2.41	[Treatment of depression and cost efficiency. The cost of a tablet is a poor indicator seen from a socioeconomic perspective]. ( Häggström, L; Nordling, S; Norinder, A, 2000)
"2."	2.40	Comparison of the effects of antidepressants and their metabolites on reuptake of biogenic amines and on receptor binding. ( Hyttel, J; Sánchez, C, 1999)
"Atypical odontalgia describes atypical facial pain in apparently normal teeth."	2.38	Atypical odontalgia. ( Graff-Radford, SB; Solberg, WK, 1992)
" Health workers should be mindful of dosing to minimise side effects and considerate of the additional pill burden."	1.91	The acceptability of antidepressant treatment in people living with HIV in Malawi: A patient perspective. ( Gaynes, BN; Hosseinipour, MC; Kulisewa, K; Minnick, CE; Mphonda, S; Pence, BW; Sansbury, G; Stockton, MA; Udedi, MM, 2023)
"Depression is a serious medical condition, typically treated by antidepressants."	1.51	Neuronal life or death linked to depression treatment: the interplay between drugs and their stress-related outcomes relate to single or combined drug therapies. ( Badura, J; Chelminiak, Z; Cuprys, M; Fraczek, J; Koszla, O; Koziorowski, M; Mytych, J; Solek, P; Tabecka-Lonczynska, A, 2019)
"Amitriptyline was also used in combination with aspirin and dexamethasone to inspect any synergistic effects."	1.43	Role of Aspirin and Dexamethasone against Experimentally Induced Depression in Rats. ( Bhatt, S; Goswami, S; Raval, J; Shukla, P, 2016)
"Amitriptyline treatment impaired novel object recognition and object discrimination abilities in female, but not in male, wild-type mice, while female t-ASM mice showed unaltered novel object recognition and object discrimination abilities."	1.43	Role of Acid Sphingomyelinase in the Regulation of Social Behavior and Memory. ( Gulbins, E; Kornhuber, J; Reichel, M; Zoicas, I, 2016)
"Amitriptyline (10 mg/kg) was used as positive control."	1.37	Antidepressant-like effect of aqueous extract of Channa striatus fillet in mice models of depression. ( Amom, Z; Fakurazi, S; Mat Jais, AM; Moklas, M; Saleem, AM; Sulaiman, MR; Taufik Hidayat, M, 2011)
"The response frequency to mechanical allodynia in mice was measured with von Frey hairs."	1.36	Depression-like behavior and mechanical allodynia are reduced by bis selenide treatment in mice with chronic constriction injury: a comparison with fluoxetine, amitriptyline, and bupropion. ( Jesse, CR; Nogueira, CW; Wilhelm, EA, 2010)
"Medical therapy of Meniere's disease is geared not only toward the differential diagnosis that has led to Meniere's disease and the supportive therapy for the physical manifestations of the disease but also for the psychologic sequelae of the disease such as mild-to-moderate situational depression and even chronic depression."	1.31	Medical management of Meniere's disease. ( Sajjadi, H, 2002)
"touching her stool) though neuroleptic malignant syndrome subsided."	1.30	[A case of depression manifesting incessant pacing and wandering following discontinuation of antipsychotic drugs due to neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a possible involvement of withdrawal akathisia]. ( Terao, T; Watanabe, H, 1997)
"The linearity of the (AMT) kinetics of amitriptyline has been tested in 135 depressed dosed twice daily by measuring plasma."	1.28	Amitriptyline: linear or nonlinear kinetics in every day practice? ( Allers, G; Bertschy, G; Vandel, B; Vandel, S; Volmat, R, 1989)
" Results in 60 patients treated with amitriptyline indicated that both groups were comparable with respect to overall dropout rate, side-effect attrition, dosage of amitriptyline received, and clinical response."	1.27	Symptomatic volunteers in depression research: a closer look. ( Bellack, AS; Hersen, M; Himmelhoch, JM; Last, CG; Thase, ME, 1984)
" Compared to the recommended therapeutic ranges, wild inter-individual differences were observed in plasma drug concentration, even when corrections for dosage were made."	1.26	Monitoring of tricyclic antidepressant therapy. ( Dawling, S, 1982)
" For depressive neurosis and involutional melancholia best therapeutic responses were yielded at a dosage of 50 mg, while in the treatment of manic-depressive illness, comparable results occurred at a 150 mg dosage."	1.26	Amitriptyline, nortriptyline plasma levels and clinical response in women with affective disorders. ( Corona, GL; Cucchi, ML; Fenoglio, L; Frattini, P; Pinelli, P; Santagostino, G; Zerbi, F, 1980)
"A combined pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic approach was made to study the pharmacodynamic half-life (Pd1/2) of amitriptyline (AT)."	1.26	Decreased tyramine sensitivity after discontinuation of amitriptyline therapy. An index of pharmacodynamic half-life. ( Ghose, K, 1980)
" As the reciprocal plasma level during multiple dosing is proportional to the clearance of a compound, this parameter was used for linear regression analysis."	1.26	Intraindividual similarity in the metabolism of amitriptyline and chlorimipramine in depressed patients. ( Asberg, M; Bertilsson, L; Mellström, B; Rollins, D; Sjöqvist, F; Träskman, L, 1979)
"Dental Caries are an uncommon, but significant side effect of the tricyclic antidepressants and other anticholinergic psychoactive drugs."	1.26	Rampant dental caries in the treatment of depression. ( Bassuk, E; Schoonover, S, 1978)
"In imipramine-treated patients this finding was associated with a decreased rate of drug elimination from plasma."	1.26	Relationship between age and tricyclic antidepressant plasma levels. ( Cooper, TB; Friedman, MJ; Green, R; Ives, JO; Nies, A; Ravaris, CL; Robinson, DS, 1977)
"Fifteen depressed patients were treated with amitriptyline in a dosage ranging from 75 mg to 200 mg/day for a minimum of three weeks, two of which were at a fixed dosage."	1.26	Electrocardiographic findings in patients undergoing amitriptyline treatment. ( Biggs, JT; Ziegler, VE, 1977)
"Amitriptyline was evaluated as a prophylactic antimigraine agent in 110 patients with severe migraine."	1.26	Amitriptyline in the prophylaxis of migraine. Effectiveness and relationship of antimigraine and antidepressant effects. ( Couch, JR; Hassanein, R; Ziegler, DK, 1976)
"Normal depression is characterized by a relative absence of somatic complaints and somatic anxiety."	1.25	Symptom patterns in depressed patients and depressed normals. ( Pincus, C; Prusoff, B; Weissman, MM, 1975)
" These somatic complaints included most symptoms generally attributed as being adverse effects of amitriptyline and other tricyclics."	1.25	Relative safety of amitriptyline in maintenance treatment of depression. ( DiMascio, A; Klerman, GL; Prusoff, B, 1975)

Research

Studies (1,012)

Authors

Clinical Trials (34)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	869 (85.87)	18.7374
1990's	40 (3.95)	18.2507
2000's	45 (4.45)	29.6817
2010's	52 (5.14)	24.3611
2020's	6 (0.59)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Sánchez, C	1
Hyttel, J	1
Yang, K	1
Yu, J	1
Nong, K	1
Wang, Y	1
Niu, A	1
Chen, W	1
Dong, J	1
Wang, J	1
Joseph, RM	1
Jack, RH	1
Morriss, R	1
Knaggs, RD	1
Butler, D	1
Hollis, C	1
Hippisley-Cox, J	1
Coupland, C	1
Kulisewa, K	1
Minnick, CE	1
Stockton, MA	1
Gaynes, BN	1
Hosseinipour, MC	1
Mphonda, S	1
Sansbury, G	1
Udedi, MM	1
Pence, BW	1
Gabriel-Alayode, OE	1
Omotola, SL	1
Elegbede, OT	1
Ajetunmobi, OA	1
Agboola, SM	1
Jimoh, AK	1
Elegbede, AO	1
Rao, Y	1
Yang, R	1
Zhao, J	1
Cao, Q	1
Dandjinou, M	1
Sheehy, O	1
Bérard, A	1
Stepanenko, YD	1
Boikov, SI	1
Sibarov, DA	1
Abushik, PA	1
Vanchakova, NP	1
Belinskaia, D	1
Shestakova, NN	1
Antonov, SM	1
Aguilar-Martinez, IS	1
Reyes-Mendez, ME	1
Herrera-Zamora, JM	1
Osuna-Lopez, F	1
Virgen-Ortiz, A	1
Mendoza-Munoz, N	1
Gongora-Alfaro, JL	1
Moreno-Galindo, EG	1
Alamilla, J	1
Tang, KY	1
Boonlert, W	1
Benya-Aphikul, H	1
Umka Welbat, J	1
Rodsiri, R	1
Depciuch, J	2
Parlinska-Wojtan, M	2
Jeon, SA	1
Lee, E	1
Hwang, I	1
Han, B	1
Park, S	1
Son, S	1
Yang, J	1
Hong, S	1
Kim, CH	1
Son, J	1
Yu, JW	1
Chen, LW	1
Chen, MY	1
Lian, ZP	1
Lin, HS	1
Chien, CC	1
Yin, HL	1
Chu, YH	1
Chen, KY	1
Palacios-Ceña, M	1
Wang, K	1
Castaldo, M	1
Ordás-Bandera, C	1
Torelli, P	1
Arendt-Nielsen, L	1
Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, C	1
Solek, P	1
Koszla, O	1
Mytych, J	1
Badura, J	1
Chelminiak, Z	1
Cuprys, M	1
Fraczek, J	1
Tabecka-Lonczynska, A	1
Koziorowski, M	1
Brioschi, TM	1
Schramm, SG	1
Kano, EK	1
Koono, EE	1
Ching, TH	1
Serra, CH	1
Porta, V	1
Abdelhamid, RE	1
Kovács, KJ	1
Nunez, MG	1
Larson, AA	1
Calandre, EP	1
Rico-Villademoros, F	1
Galán, J	1
Molina-Barea, R	1
Vilchez, JS	1
Rodriguez-Lopez, CM	1
Hidalgo-Tallon, J	1
Morillas-Arques, P	1
Everitt, H	1
McDermott, L	1
Leydon, G	1
Yules, H	1
Baldwin, D	1
Little, P	1
Manning, J	1
Kulbida, R	1
Rai, P	1
Jensen, L	1
Bouma, J	1
Singh, SP	1
O'Malley, D	1
Yilmazer-Hanke, D	1
Wróbel, A	1
Serefko, A	1
Wlaź, P	2
Poleszak, E	2
Pochwat, B	2
Sowa-Kucma, M	3
Kotarska, K	2
Misztak, P	3
Nowak, G	3
Szewczyk, B	3
Kilic, FS	2
Ismailoglu, S	1
Kaygisiz, B	2
Oner, S	1
Burke, NN	1
Finn, DP	1
Roche, M	1
Gassen, NC	2
Hartmann, J	2
Zschocke, J	1
Stepan, J	1
Hafner, K	1
Zellner, A	1
Kirmeier, T	1
Kollmannsberger, L	1
Wagner, KV	1
Dedic, N	1
Balsevich, G	1
Deussing, JM	1
Kloiber, S	1
Lucae, S	1
Holsboer, F	1
Eder, M	1
Uhr, M	1
Ising, M	1
Schmidt, MV	2
Rein, T	2
Roth-Damas, P	1
Sempere-Manuel, M	1
Palop-Larrea, V	1
Bhatt, S	1
Shukla, P	1
Raval, J	1
Goswami, S	1
Scanlon, KA	1
Stoppacher, R	1
Blum, LM	1
Starkey, SJ	1
Pankiewicz, P	1
Ramzy, EA	1
Ozerov, AA	1
Bagmetova, VV	1
Chernysheva, YV	1
Tyurenkov, IN	1
Kaicker, J	1
Bostwick, J	1
Chen, DY	1
Jia, L	1
Gu, X	1
Jiang, SM	1
Xie, HL	1
Xu, J	1
Rafalo, A	1
Zadrozna, M	1
Nowak, B	1
Wiatrowska, K	1
Zoicas, I	1
Reichel, M	1
Gulbins, E	1
Kornhuber, J	1
Kräenbring, J	1
Zellner, N	1
Warninghoff, J	1
Borras, L	1
Constant, E	1
De Timary, P	1
Huguelet, P	1
Khazaal, Y	1
Uçeyler, N	1
Häuser, W	1
Sommer, C	1
Voronina, TA	1
Molodavkin, GM	1
Zhavbert, ES	1
Tarasov, SA	1
Kheyfets, IA	1
Dugina, JL	1
Sergeeva, SA	1
Epstein, OI	1
Nagata, E	1
Vilela, FC	1
Padilha, Mde M	1
Alves-da-Silva, G	1
Soncini, R	1
Giusti-Paiva, A	1
Jesse, CR	1
Wilhelm, EA	1
Nogueira, CW	1
Peruga, I	2
Hartwig, S	2
Thöne, J	2
Hovemann, B	2
Gold, R	2
Juckel, G	2
Linker, RA	2
Jarosik, J	1
Legutko, B	1
Werner, S	1
Unsicker, K	1
von Bohlen Und Halbach, O	1
Saleem, AM	1
Taufik Hidayat, M	1
Mat Jais, AM	1
Fakurazi, S	1
Moklas, M	1
Sulaiman, MR	1
Amom, Z	1
Galeotti, N	2
Ghelardini, C	2
Wichniak, A	1
Wierzbicka, A	1
Liang, J	1
Yu, S	1
Dong, Z	1
Wang, X	1
Liu, R	1
Chen, X	2
Li, Z	2
Calderon, Pdos S	1
Tabaquim, Mde L	1
Oliveira, LC	1
Camargo, AP	1
Ramos Netto, Tde C	1
Conti, PC	1
Clark, MS	1
Smith, PO	1
Jamieson, B	1
Socała, K	1
Nieoczym, D	1
Wyska, E	1
Ozatik, Y	1
Baydemir, C	1
Erol, K	1
Merkler, D	1
Bagis, S	1
Karabiber, M	1
As, I	1
Tamer, L	1
Erdogan, C	1
Atalay, A	1
Pascual, J	1
Tan, EC	1
Aziz, NA	1
Ahmad, S	1
Baldo, P	1
Doree, C	1
Molin, P	1
McFerran, D	1
Cecco, S	1
Olausson, P	1
Kiraly, DD	1
Gourley, SL	1
Taylor, JR	2
Grover, CA	1
Flaherty, B	1
Lung, D	1
Pageler, NM	1
Schilling, C	1
Gilles, M	1
Blum, WF	1
Daseking, E	1
Colla, M	1
Weber-Hamann, B	1
Lederbogen, F	1
Krumm, B	1
Heuser, I	1
Wudy, SA	1
Kopf, D	1
Deuschle, M	1
Kotov, AM	1
Stotsky, AD	1
Kolesnikov, DB	1
Ulrich, S	1
Läuter, J	1
Bartolini, A	1
Kaz'mina, OIu	1
Oleĭchik, IV	1
Zeziulia, TN	1
Krylova, ES	1
Sajjadi, H	1
Guaiana, G	3
Barbui, C	3
Hotopf, M	3
Franke, L	1
Schewe, HJ	1
Uebelhack, R	1
Müller-Oerlinghausen, B	6
ARNOLD, OH	2
FOITL, G	1
FREED, H	1
GROSS, H	1
KALTENBAECK, E	1
DUNLOP, E	1
PRESSMAN, MD	1
WEISS, LB	1
MADALENA, JC	1
NOVAIS FILHO, H	1
MARTINS, JC	1
VAISBERG, M	1
SAUNDERS, JC	1
AIVAZIAN, GH	1
BRATLUND, H	1
STROMGREN, LS	2
HARRER, G	2
THALMANN, R	2
OLESEN, TB	1
PLUVINAGE, R	2
GARRY, JW	1
LEONARD, TJ	1
GREENFIELD, AR	2
HALL, J	1
LONIE, D	1
HARDER, A	1
KAMMERER, T	3
SINGER, L	1
POIROT, JP	1
JORGENSEN, F	1
JEPPESEN, F	1
SKARBEK, A	2
SMEDBERG, D	1
STROMGREN, E	1
STUART, MH	1
BURT, CG	3
GORDON, WF	3
HOLT, NF	4
HORDERN, A	6
DANON-BOILEAU, H	1
LAB, P	1
CACHELOU, R	1
KARABANOW, O	1
BROWNE, MW	3
KREEGER, LC	1
KAZAMIAS, NG	1
KRAUSE, G	3
LAI, G	2
JACKSON, D	1
BERNARD, LA	1
BENTLIF, P	1
DECLICH, M	1
MOROSINI, C	1
ROSE, JT	2
LEAHY, MR	4
PLOWMAN, R	1
ERNST, EM	1
JENSEN, E	1
SCHULSINGER, F	1
MASTER, RS	1
VENCOVSKY, E	2
BARCIASALORIO, D	1
ROPERT, R	5
LAIZEROWITCH, L	1
SCHJONSBY, HP	1
WALLING, RG	1
MCLAUGHLIN, BE	2
RYAN, F	1
DRUCKER, T	1
GEISSMANN, P	1
BUCHHEIT, F	1
WARTEL, R	1
THONIER, M	1
PETIT, P	2
ROURE, J	2
PRANGE, AJ	1
INVERNIZZI, G	2
STORROW, HA	1
MANS, J	1
SENES, M	1
DIPIAZZA, P	1
LEVI-MINZI, S	1
PENNINGTON, VM	1
SIEGLER, PE	1
ROTH, M	2
DAVISON, K	2
HOENIG, J	2
ABDOU, FA	1
POELDINGER, W	4
OHNELL, LK	1
VERGA, G	2
OVERALL, JE	7
HOLLISTER, LE	9
MEYER, F	1
KIMBELL, I	4
SHELTON, J	5
SAINSBURY, MJ	1
BATTERMAN, RC	1
KAUFMAN, JE	1
MOURATOFF, GJ	1
AYD, FJ	2
BLACHLY, PH	1
FORREST, AD	1
AFFLECK, JW	1
GIBB, IA	1
PRIEST, RG	1
FLEGEL, H	1
SCHMIDT, E	2
SNOW, LH	1
RICKELS, K	16
KLINE, NS	1
JOHNSON, M	2
PENNINGTON, V	2
KATZ, G	1
VISRAM, S	1
RICHMOND, PW	1
ROBERTS, AH	1
KRIS, EB	1
GERST, D	1
ORNSTEIN, PH	1
FELLNER, CH	1
OSTOW, M	1
GILLINGHAM, FJ	1
SMYTHIES, JR	1
KOLLBERG, H	1
COFFEE, HL	1
ENGELMEIER, MP	1
KIND, H	1
ANGST, J	3
LUCAS, AR	1
LOCKETT, HJ	1
GRIMM, F	1
BARDUAGNI, S	1
FERRARI, ML	1
SANDIFER, MG	1
WILSON, IC	1
GAMBILL, JM	1
LEHMANN, HE	6
BOCKNER, S	1
HOCK, CW	1
POLLITT, J	1
JENKINS, LC	1
GRAVES, HB	1
TIETZEN, A	1
HOVE, H	1
STARK, JE	1
BETHUNE, DW	1
SOULAIRAC, A	1
BARON, JB	1
GEIER, S	1
DE MIJOLLA, A	1
AYMARD, N	1
THANGAPREGASSAM, MJ	1
WHITE, AG	1
JOST, F	1
WEBER, E	1
KROGH, I	1
MATSUMOTO, Y	1
SASAKI, S	1
YAMAGAMI, R	1
ISHIKAWA, T	1
OLTMAN, JE	1
FRIEDMAN, S	1
RAVN, J	3
Baron, R	1
Steimer, W	2
Zöpf, K	1
von Amelunxen, S	1
Pfeiffer, H	1
Bachofer, J	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
The Effect of Seven-Day Atorvastatin Administration on Emotional Processing, Reward Processing, and Inflammation in Healthy Volunteers[NCT03966859]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-06-19	Completed
Effect of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Anesthesia and Postoperative Analgesia After Surgical Removal of the Lower Third Molars.[NCT03398382]	Phase 1/Phase 2	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-04-15	Active, not recruiting
Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal System: Role of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Longitudinal Study in Depressed Patients[NCT01049347]	Phase 3	127 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1997-10-31	Completed
"A Prospective, Randomized Study of the Possible Pain Relieving and Scar Tissue Modifying Properties of Lipotransplantation in a Post Breast Therapy Pain Syndrome Setting"[NCT01888419]		18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
Comparative Evaluation of Osteopathy Treatment Efficacy in Pain Support After Breast Surgery in Oncology[NCT01403168]		28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-04-30	Terminated (stopped due to Recruitment difficulties)
Prospective, Cross Over Gabapentin vs Amitriptyline Study on Patients Suffering From Masticatory Muscle Pain[NCT02339662]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-02-28	Recruiting
Controlled Trial of Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder[NCT00640133]	Phase 4	27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-03-31	Active, not recruiting
Multi-site Confirmatory Efficacy Treatment Trial of Combat-related PTSD[NCT03932773]	Phase 2	330 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Recruiting
Randomised Controlled Trial of Neurostimulation for Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa[NCT05788042]		70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-02	Recruiting
A Multisite, Assessor-blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial of Acupuncture for Post-stroke Depression[NCT02644161]		91 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-10-31	Completed
Understanding the Neurocognitive Effects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Major Depressive Disorder Patients With and Without Irritable Bowel Syndrome[NCT05174273]	Phase 2/Phase 3	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-04-06	Recruiting
The Safety and Effectiveness of Probiotic Supplementation on Bipolar Depression: a Proof of Concept Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT02155972]	Phase 2	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-05-31	Terminated (stopped due to The trial was terminated because of inability to recruit the needed number of participants)
A Single Ketamine Infusion Combined With Music for Suicidal Ideation During a Depressive Episode: A Randomized Open Label Clinical Trial[NCT04658420]	Phase 2	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-07-01	Not yet recruiting
Structural Brain Plasticity in Elderly Depressed Patients Following Electroconvulsive Therapy[NCT02667353]		110 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-06-30	Completed
A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Ramelteon for the Treatment of Insomnia and Mood Stability in Patients With Euthymic Bipolar Disorder.[NCT00552760]	Phase 4	90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-11-30	Completed
Clinical Validation Study for EDIT-B Test: an Aid for Differential Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder, Based on RNA Editing Blood Biomarkers[NCT05603819]		436 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-06-29	Recruiting
The Role of Orexin in Human Panic Disorder[NCT02593682]	Phase 4	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
Physical Fitness and Brain - Interventional Study of the Importance of Physical Fitness on Symptoms of Anxiety, Cognitive Ability and Sick Leave, in Primary Care.[NCT03247270]		168 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-21	Completed
Novel Neural Circuit Biomarkers of Major Depression Response to Computer-augmented CBT[NCT03096886]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-06-05	Active, not recruiting
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Population With Bipolar Disorder[NCT03279224]	Phase 2/Phase 3	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-01	Active, not recruiting
Pre-treatment Biomarker for Clinical Response to Neuronavigation Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Acute Phase Treatment of Refractory Major Depressive Episode- Role of Intrinsic Functional Connectivity[NCT03348761]		128 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-08-04	Recruiting
Imaging Framework for Testing GABAergic/Glutamatergic Drugs in Bipolar Alcoholics[NCT03220776]	Phase 2	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-07	Completed
Study of Antidepressants in Parkinson's Disease[NCT00086190]	Phase 3	115 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-06-30	Completed
Targeted Alterations in n-3 and n-6 Fatty Acids for the Management of Mood Variability in the Maintenance Phase of Bipolar Disorder[NCT02272010]		83 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-10-31	Completed
ED Treatment of Suicidal Patients With Ketamine Infusion[NCT03502551]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-01	Withdrawn (stopped due to Trial never received funding.)
Prediction of the Therapeutic Response in Depression Based on an Early Neuro-computational Modeling Assessment of Motivation[NCT05866575]		136 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-01	Not yet recruiting
A Safe Ketamine-Based Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression[NCT01179009]		20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-04-30	Completed
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Ketamine Therapy in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD)[NCT01920555]	Phase 2	99 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
The Impact of Spiritual Healing on Moderate Depression in Adults: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)[NCT04766242]		28 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-03-01	Not yet recruiting
Double-blind Trial of Intraoperative Ketamine Versus Saline in Depressed Patients Undergoing Anesthesia for Non-cardiac Surgery[NCT03861988]	Phase 4	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-22	Completed
Analisi Dei Marcatori di Stress Ossidativo in Pazienti Affetti da Tumore Della Mammella, Sottoposte a Radioterapia Postoperatoria e Psicoterapia Con Elementi di Musicoterapia[NCT04446624]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-01	Completed
Management of Chronic Pain in Rehabilitation Project I - Management of Chronic Pain in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury[NCT00006428]	Phase 4	100 participants	Interventional	1996-08-31	Completed
[NCT05753943]		0 participants	Expanded Access		No longer available
Adjunctive Triple Chronotherapy in the Acute Treatment of Depression and Suicidality in the Adolescent Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03679962]		64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-25	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

The Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS) is a 29-item scale that measures the role of aversive controlling stimuli and escape and avoidance behavior in depression, specifically when and how participants become more activated over the course of treatment. Total scores range from 29-203 and lower scores indicate higher levels of escape and avoidance behavior from depression in the past week. (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: Total BADS score observed means at month-12 time point.

Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	85.3
Sham DBS	80.3

A numeric scale (0 through 100) used to rate the social, occupational, and psychological overall functioning during the week of poorest functioning in the past month. Higher scores indicate a higher level of functioning, while low scores indicate impaired global functioning. (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: GAF score observed means at month-12

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	54.8
Sham DBS	53.7

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) is a 14-item test measuring the severity of anxiety symptoms. It provides measures of overall anxiety, psychic anxiety (mental agitation and psychological distress), and somatic anxiety (physical complaints related to anxiety); total scores range from 0-56. Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety over the past week. (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: HARS total score observed means at month-12 time point.

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	12.6
Sham DBS	15.7

The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) measures the severity of depressive symptoms in adults. The evaluator-administered ratings measure depressed mood, guilt, suicide, insomnia, work/activities, retardation, agitation, psychic and somatic anxiety, genital symptoms, hypochondriasis, and insight during the past week. Total scores range from 0-72 and higher scores indicate the presence of more severe depression over the past week. Note: this measure was only administered at baseline and month-3. (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: Total HDRS score observed means at month-3 time point.

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	16.8
Sham DBS	19.4

"The Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is an interviewer-administered measure assessing the ten symptoms of depression most sensitive to change. Apparent sadness, reported sadness, inner tension, reduced sleep, reduced appetite, concentration difficulties, lassitude, inability to feel, pessimistic thoughts, and suicidal thoughts are assessed and total scores range from 0-60 with higher scores representing the presence of more severe depression over the past week.~interviewer-administered measure assessing" (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: MADRS total score observed means at month-12 time point.

Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (QLESQ)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	17.1
Sham DBS	18.5

The Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q) is a self-administered measure to assess the degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced by participants in various areas of daily functioning. We used the 16-item short form with total scores ranging from 16-80. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction experienced during the past week. (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: QLESQ total score observed means at month-12 time point.

Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	39.8
Sham DBS	42.7

A numeric scale (0 through 100) used to rate the social, occupational, and psychological functioning during the week of poorest functioning in the past month. Higher scores indicate higher levels of social and occupational functioning, while low scores represent social and occupational impairment. (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: SOFAS score observed means at month-12 time point.

Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS Severity Ratings)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	55.9
Sham DBS	53.9

The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) is a 10 question evaluator-administered measure assessing the severity of obsessions and compulsions over the past week. Obsession and compulsion severity are evaluated separately (ratings from 0-20 for each category) with total scores ranging from 0-40. Higher scores for obsessions, compulsions and total score indicate more severe symptoms over the past week. (NCT00640133)
Timeframe: YBOCS total score observed means at month-12

Clinical Global Impressions Bipolar Version(CGI-BP) Severity of Illness Overall Score

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Active DBS	20.5
Sham DBS	20.9

3-part (mania, depression, overall bipolar illness), physician-administered scale used to assess global illness severity; used to measure change. Each part is rated from 1-7, higher scores represent more severe mental illness. Only overall bipolar rating was used. (NCT00552760)
Timeframe: Monthly for 6 months

Cumulative Proportion of Participants in Each Arm Surviving Without Relapse

Intervention	units on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Month 1	Month 2	Month 3	Month 4	Month 5	Month 6
Placebo	2.15	2.25	2.90	2.93	2.98	2.99	2.41
Ramelteon	2.14	2.29	2.24	2.53	2.36	2.46	2.54

Survival analysis techniques, including Kaplan Meier curves, were used to evaluate group differences in time to relapse. Relapse was defined as a medication initiation or change for manic/depressed/mixed symptoms, a hospitalization for manic/depressed/mixed symptoms, MADRS score >= 16, YMRS score > 14, and suicide risk or imminent risk of suicide. Time to relapse was measured discretely in terms of the number of assessment visits until discontinued from the study. (NCT00552760)
Timeframe: Monthly for 6 months

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Total Score

Intervention	Cumulative proportion of participants (Number)
	Baseline	Month 1	Month 2	Month 3	Month 4	Month 5	Month 6
Placebo	1.00	0.951	0.588	0.448	0.384	0.320	0.320
Ramelteon	1.00	0.929	0.849	0.716	0.661	0.632	0.566

10-item, standardized, well-validated scale used to measure severity of depressive symptoms; sensitive to treatment effects in depressed outpatients. Scores range from 0-60, higher scores represent more severe depressive symptoms. (NCT00552760)
Timeframe: Monthly for 6 months

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Global Score

Intervention	units on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Month 1	Month 2	Month 3	Month 4	Month 5	Month 6
Placebo	8.27	8.90	11.13	11.85	13.03	11.59	10.46
Ramelteon	7.79	8.34	7.23	9.17	8.45	8.56	10.40

Self-rated scale to measure quality of sleep via questions regarding sleep latency, duration, efficiency, disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction. Scores range from 0-21, higher scores represent more significant sleep disturbance. (NCT00552760)
Timeframe: Monthly for 6 months

Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Score

Intervention	units on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Month 1	Month 2	Month 3	Month 4	Month 5	Month 6
Placebo	10.88	9.28	9.71	10.38	9.03	8.66	8.76
Ramelteon	10.17	8.16	7.93	7.89	7.21	6.62	6.90

11-item standardized, well-validated scale used to measure manic symptoms; sensitive to treatment effects in manic patients. Scores range from 0-60, higher scores represent more severe manic symptoms. (NCT00552760)
Timeframe: Monthly for 6 months

Prefrontal GABA+ Concentrations

Intervention	units on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Month 1	Month 2	Month 3	Month 4	Month 5	Month 6
Placebo	6.59	6.46	7.75	8.09	4.95	5.71	6.72
Ramelteon	7.02	5.89	5.91	6.60	5.93	5.18	6.51

Concentrations of GABA+, referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (i.e., MEGA-PRESS). (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition

Prefrontal Glx Concentrations

Intervention	mmol/kg (Mean)
N-Acetylcysteine	3.90
Gabapentin	3.93
Placebo Oral Tablet	3.73

Concentrations of Glx (i.e., glutamate + glutamine), referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition

Change in Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II)

Intervention	mmol/kg (Mean)
N-Acetylcysteine	21.59
Gabapentin	21.69
Placebo Oral Tablet	22.25

Beck Depression Inventory II ranges from 0-63. Higher score indicates more severe depression. 0-13 minimal depression, 14-19 mild depression, 20-28 moderate depression, 29-63 severe depression. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)

Intervention	Change in BDI-II score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-9.7
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-9.6
Placebo	-5.2

Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Maximum score 126. Higher score indicates greater psychiatric difficulties. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Geriatric Depression Rating Scale (GDS)

Intervention	Change in BPRS score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-9.0
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-9.8
Placebo	-4.4

Geriatric Depression Scale ranges from 0-30. Higher score indicates more severe depression. 0-9 normal, 10-19 mild depression, 20-30 severe depression. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) Scores

Intervention	Change in GDS score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-6.9
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-6.9
Placebo	-2.8

Change in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression over 12 weeks. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ranges from 0-50. Higher scores represent more significant depression. Mild depression ranges from 8-13, moderate depression from 14-18, severe 19-22 and very severe any score over 23. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

Intervention	Change in HAM-D score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-13.0
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-11.0
Placebo	-6.8

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale ranges from 0-60. Higher score indicates more severe depression. 0-6 normal, 7-19 mild depression, 20-34 moderate depression, greater than 34 severe depression. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) - 39 - Emotional Well-Being

Intervention	Change in MADRS score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-13.6
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-10.9
Placebo	-6.6

Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) - Emotional Well-Being maximum score 24, minimum score of 0.Lower score indicates a better perceived health status. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) - 39 - Overall

Intervention	Change in PDQ-39 Emotional score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-21.4
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-20.7
Placebo	-10.9

Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) Total. Range 0-100. Lower score indicates a better perceived health status. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Intervention	Change in PDQ-39 score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-8.0
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-8.4
Placebo	-5.3

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores range from 0-21, with higher scores indicating severe sleep difficulties. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Mental Component Summary

Intervention	Change in PQSI score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-2.1
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-2.6
Placebo	-1.1

Short Form 36 Health Survey. Range 0-100. Higher score indicates a better perceived quality of life. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Mental Health

Intervention	Change in SF-36 mental score (Mean)
Paroxetine	11.4
Venlafaxine Extended Release	9.5
Placebo	4.8

Short Form 36 Health Survey - Mental Health subscale ranges from 0-100. Higher score indicates a better perceived quality of life. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Role-Emotional

Intervention	Change in SF-36 Mental Health score (Mean)
Paroxetine	16.7
Venlafaxine Extended Release	17.4
Placebo	9.7

Short Form 36 Health Survey - Emotional subscale ranges from 0-100. Higher score indicates a better perceived quality of life. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Vitality

Intervention	Change in SF-36 Role score (Mean)
Paroxetine	39.5
Venlafaxine Extended Release	26.9
Placebo	12.7

Short Form 36 Health Survey - Vitality subscale ranges from 0-100. Higher score indicates a better perceived quality of life. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Snaith Clinical Anxiety Scale (CAS)

Intervention	Change in SF-36 vitality score (Mean)
Paroxetine	13.5
Venlafaxine Extended Release	9.1
Placebo	4.7

Snaith Clinical Anxiety Scale. Range 0-21. Higher scores indicate increased anxiety. Score greater than 8 indicates clinical anxiety. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

Intervention	Change in CAS score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-3.6
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-3.2
Placebo	-2.4

Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Higher score indicates more severe Parkinson's disease symptoms. Total maximum = 176. Mental maximum = 52, Activities of Daily Living maximum = 52, Motor maximum = 72. Minimum = 0. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) - Bulbar

Intervention	Change in UPDRS score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-8.7
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-7.0
Placebo	-4.3

Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale - Bulbar maximum score 24, minimum score of 0. Higher score indicates more severe Parkinson's disease symptoms. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) - Motor

Intervention	Change in UPDRS-Bulbar score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-1.4
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-1.4
Placebo	-0.5

Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale - Motor has a maximum score of 72, minimum score of 0. Higher score indicates more severe Parkinson's disease symptoms. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) - Tremor

Intervention	Change in UPDRS-motor score (Mean)
Paroxetine	-4.3
Venlafaxine Extended Release	-2.0
Placebo	-1.0

Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale - Tremor subscale ranges from 0-23. Higher score indicates more severe Parkinson's disease symptoms. (NCT00086190)
Timeframe: from the beginning (0 weeks) to end (12 weeks) of the double-blind phase

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Total Score

Intervention	Change in UPDRS-tremor score (Mean)
Paroxetine	0.4
Venlafaxine Extended Release	0.5
Placebo	-0.6

The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is a 10-item scale that measures the severity of depression, with a higher score indicating a higher level of depression. The range of scores is 0 to 60. (NCT01179009)
Timeframe: 8 weeks

Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) Scale

Intervention	Scores on a scale (Mean)
Ketamine 100-hour Infusion	-9.0
Ketamine 40-minute Infusion	-6.4

"The CGI-I is a clinician rated single-item scale: Compared to the patient's condition at admission, how much has the patient changed?, rated on a 7-point response scale: 1 = Very much improved, 2 = Much improved, 3 = Minimally improved, 4 = No change, 5 = Minimally worse, 6 = Much worse, and 7 = Very much worse. In this case, admission referred to the CGI-S screening assessments performed between Day -28 an -7, one conducted during the screening visit, and a second rating conducted by a remote, independent rater." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: A baseline assessment was made on Day 0, preceding infusion (i.e., treatment). Outcome assessments were made on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30. The primary endpoint for this study was Day 3. Thus, the outcome measure table provides data on Days 0, 1 and 3

Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 1	Day 3
Ketamine 0.1mg	3.8888889	3.0625000	2.9333333
Ketamine 0.2mg	4.0500000	3.3684211	2.8421053
Ketamine 0.5mg	4.1363636	2.6363636	2.5714286
Ketamine 1.0mg	4.0000000	3.0500000	2.5500000
Midazolam 0.045mg	4.1578947	3.6111111	3.1666667

"The CGI-S is a clinician rated single-item scale: How depressed is the patient at this time?, rated on a 7-point response scale: 1 = Normal, not at all depressed, 2 = Borderline depressed, 3 = Mildly depressed, 4 = Moderately depressed. 5 = Markedly depressed, 6 = severely depressed, 7 = Among the most severely depressed patients. When rating patients, clinicians were asked to consider the past 24 hours." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: A baseline assessment was made on Day 0, preceding infusion (i.e., treatment). Outcome assessments were made on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30. The primary endpoint for this study was Day 3. Thus, the outcome measure table provides data on Days 0, 1 and 3

Clinical Positive Affect Scale (CPAS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 1	Day 3
Ketamine 0.1mg	5.0000000	3.5625000	3.4000000
Ketamine 0.2mg	5.2000000	4.2631579	3.7368421
Ketamine 0.5mg	4.8636364	3.2727273	3.1428571
Ketamine 1.0mg	5.2000000	3.5000000	3.3000000
Midazolam 0.045mg	5.000000	4.555556	4.1666667

"The CPAS is a 16-item self-report scale to assess the level to which participants experience persistent distress due to feeling that they have not returned to their normal or premorbid state. Items (e.g., I look forward to things) are rated on a 5-point scale (0=not at all, 1=very much less than normal, 2=much less than normal, 3=slightly less than normal, 4=same as best or normal self). The possible scale range is 0 to 64, with higher scores indicating greater recovery from depression. Patients were asked to rate their experience of the past 24 hours." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: A baseline assessment was made on Day 0, preceding infusion (i.e., treatment). Outcome assessments were made on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30. The primary endpoint for this study was Day 3. Thus, the outcome measure table provides data on Days 0, 1 and 3

Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS) Scores During Infusion

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 1	Day 3
Ketamine 0.1mg	19.3333333	35.2500000	38.8666667
Ketamine 0.2mg	20.5000000	27.0526316	28.3888889
Ketamine 0.5mg	20.6363636	40.8696964	39.7619048
Ketamine 1.0mg	21.2500000	33.0000000	37.4500000
Midazolam 0.045mg	21.2631579	24.4444444	33.3750000

"The CADSS is a 23-item self-report scale for the assessment of dissociative states. It is a reliable, valid self-report instrument. The severity of each dissociative symptom ranges from 0 (not present) to 4 (extreme). The total score is calculated by summing across items, with a total possible range of 0-92. The CADSS was administered right before infusion, and 40, 80 minute and 120 minutes after the start of infusion. The timeframe is at this moment." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: Day 0/baseline at 0, 40, 80, and 120 minutes

Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression - 6 Items

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Minute 0	Minute 40	Minute 80	Minute 120
Ketamine 0.1mg	0.1111111	3.0000000	0.4444444	0.0555556
Ketamine 0.2mg	0.1000000	4.0500000	0.1000000	0
Ketamine 0.5mg	0	14.2727273	0.7727273	0.1363636
Ketamine 1.0mg	0.1000000	24.6842105	1.8000000	0.6500000
Midazolam 0.045mg	0.4210526	2.6842105	1.1578947	0.5789474

The HAMD6 is a 6-item clinician-rated scale, where clinicians rate the presence of depression symptoms (i.e., depressed mood, guilt, work and interests, psychomotor retardation, psychic anxiety, somatic symptoms) on a 5-point scale, where 0 = not present, and 1-4 represent increasingly severe symptoms. One item (i.e., somatic symptoms) is rated on only a 3-point scale, ranging from 0-2. The possible scale range is 0-22, where higher values represent more severe depression. This instrument is completed with a structured interview guide by the clinician based on his/her assessment of the patient's symptoms. This structured interview has been validated for use with time frames shorter than one week. In this study, the HAMD6 was used to assess symptoms occurring in the past 24 hours. (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: A baseline assessment was made on Day 0, preceding infusion (i.e., treatment). Outcome assessments were made on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30. The primary endpoint for this study was Day 3. Thus, the outcome measure table provides data on Days 0, 1, & 3

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 1	Day 3
Ketamine 0.1mg	12.5555556	7.5000000	6.8000000
Ketamine 0.2mg	12.7500000	9.2631579	8.4736842
Ketamine 0.5mg	12.5909091	5.8636364	5.9047619
Ketamine 1.0mg	12.6315789	6.9000000	7.2000000
Midazolam 0.045mg	13.0526316	10.6666667	9.0555556

"The MADRS is a 10-item clinician-rated scale measuring depression severity. Symptoms are rated on a 7-point scale, where 0 = not present, and 1-6 represent increasing severity. Values 2, 4, and 6 have specific anchoring text (e.g., 2=Difficulties in starting activities. 4=Difficulties in starting simple routine activities which are carried out with effort, 6=Complete lassitude. Unable to do anything without help.) Values 1, 3, and 5 do not have specific text. The possible scale range is 0-60, where higher values represent higher severity. In this study, the MADRS was used to rate symptoms occurring in the past 3 days." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: A baseline assessment was made on Day 0, preceding infusion (i.e., treatment). Outcome assessments were made on days 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30. The primary endpoint for this study was Day 3. Thus, the outcome measure table provides data on Days 0 and 3.

Number of Participants Reporting Suicidal Ideation/Behavior on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 3
Ketamine 0.1mg	33.8333333	19.6666667
Ketamine 0.2mg	34.4500000	22.6315789
Ketamine 0.5mg	31.5909091	14.7619048
Ketamine 1.0mg	32.6500000	17.1000000
Midazolam 0.045mg	33.6315789	24.8333333

The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS): The C-SSRS is a low-burden measure of the spectrum of suicidal ideation and behavior that was developed in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Adolescent Suicide Attempters Study to assess severity and track suicidal events through any treatment. It is a clinical interview providing a summary of both ideation and behavior that can be administered during any evaluation or risk assessment to identify the level and type of suicidality present. The C-SSRS can also be used during treatment to monitor for clinical worsening or improvement. It contains 5 rating scale questions (yes/no) for suicidal ideation increasing severity and 5 rating scale questions (yes/no) for suicidal behavior of increasing severity. The time frame is for both lifetime and the past six months for the Baseline/Screening scale and since the last visit for the Since Last Visit scale. (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: Screening Visit and Days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 combined

Number of Participants With Abnormal and Clinically Significant CBC and Chemistry Labs by Treatment

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Screening: # with suicidal ideation/behavior	Follow-Up: # with suicidal ideation/behavior
Ketamine 0.1mg	17	15
Ketamine 0.2mg	15	9
Ketamine 0.5mg	17	10
Ketamine 1.0mg	14	6
Midazolam 0.045mg	17	13

"CBC~Chemistry (Total bilirubin, AST, ALT, GGT, ALK Phosphatase, Creatinine, BUN/Urea, Glucose, Uric Acid)~Testing was performed by study site laboratories and used institutional normal lab value ranges." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: Day 3 and Early Termination Visit (approximately 3 weeks following intervention)

Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure-Scale (SHAPS)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Chemistry ALT(SGPT)	Chemistry AST(SGOT)	Chemistry Total Bilirubin	Chemistry Remaining Tests	CBC
Ketamine 0.1mg	0	0	0	0	0
Ketamine 0.2mg	1	1	1	0	0
Ketamine 0.5mg	0	0	0	0	0
Ketamine 1.0mg	0	0	0	0	0
Midazolam 0.045mg	0	0	0	0	0

"The SHAPS is a 14-item self-report scale to measure hedonic tone. Items (e.g., I would enjoy reading a book, magazine, or newspaper.) are rated on a 4-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 2=disagree, 3=agree, 4=strongly agree). Either of the 'disagree' responses scores 1 point, and either of the 'agree' responses scores 0 points, for a total scale range of 0-14. Higher scores indicate greater inability to experience pleasure. Patients were asked to rate their experience of the past 24 hours." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: A baseline assessment was made on Day 0, preceding infusion (i.e., treatment). Outcome assessments were made on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30. The primary endpoint for this study was Day 3. Thus, the outcome measure table provides data on Days 0, 1 and 3

Symptoms of Depression Questionnaire (SDQ)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 1	Day 3
Ketamine 0.1mg	7.2222222	3.9375000	3.5333333
Ketamine 0.2mg	7.5500000	5.7368421	6.3888889
Ketamine 0.5mg	6.5909091	2.22727273	3.0000000
Ketamine 1.0mg	7.3500000	4.3000000	3.6500000
Midazolam 0.045mg	6.4736842	5.0000000	4.2500000

"The SDQ is a 44-item self-report scale, which aims to measure depression more comprehensively by including the assessment of symptoms in the anxiety-depression spectrum, including symptoms of irritability, anger attacks, and anxiety. Items are rated on an 6-point Likert scale, where participants are asked to rate if a specific symptom (e.g. How has your mood been over the past 24 hours?) is normal for him or her (score = 2), what is better than normal (score = 1), and what is worse than normal (scores = 3-6). The total scale score is calculated by averaging across the items, resulting in a possible range from 1 to 6. Higher scores indicate greater depression severity. When rating, patients were asked to consider their symptoms during the past 24 hours." (NCT01920555)
Timeframe: A baseline assessment was made on Day 0, preceding infusion (i.e., treatment). Outcome assessments were made on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 30. The primary endpoint for this study was Day 3. Thus, the outcome measure table provides data on Days 0, 1 and 3

Hospital Length of Stay

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Day 0	Day 1	Day 3
Ketamine 0.1mg	3.5164141	2.5752843	2.5106061
Ketamine 0.2mg	3.4636364	2.9096195	2.7828283
Ketamine 0.5mg	3.5392562	2.3109504	2.5573593
Ketamine 1.0mg	3.4113636	2.6113636	2.5909091
Midazolam 0.045mg	3.4264507	2.9200573	2.8751353

Number of days from admission (day of surgery) through discharge after surgery. (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Average approximately 3 days post-intervention

Number of Participants With Remission

Intervention	days (Mean)
Open Label Ketamine	3.7
Double Blind Ketamine	1.9
Double Blind Placebo	4.0

Remission defined as a MADRS score of <=12 on day 14. MADRS score range: 0 to 60, a lower score indicates lower severity of symptoms. (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Post-intervention day 14

Brief Pain Inventory Pain Intensity Scale Score

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Open Label Ketamine	3
Double Blind Ketamine	8
Double Blind Placebo	10

"Average pain intensity in the past 24 hours, rated on a numerical scale from 0 to 10 (with 0 representing No pain and 10 representing Pain as bad as you can imagine)." (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Post-intervention days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14

Brief Pain Inventory Pain Interference Scale Score

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3	Day 5	Day 7	Day 14
Double Blind Ketamine	6.0	5.3	5.5	5.5	5.1	4.8
Double Blind Placebo	5.2	6.0	5.2	4.4	4.4	3.7
Open Label Ketamine	4.6	5.5	3.5	4.4	4.8	4.4

"Pain interference in the past 24 hours, rated on a numerical scale from 0 to 10 (with 0 representing Does not interfere and 10 representing Completely interferes)." (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Post-intervention days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14

Cumulative Opioid Use

This outcome measures how many cumulative morphine-equivalents milligrams of opioid pain medication the patient has taken as an inpatient and after discharge from hospital (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Post-intervention days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14

Cumulative Opioid Use

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Scale Score

This outcome measures self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression on a scale that ranges from 0 to 42. A lower score indicates lower severity of symptoms. (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Post-intervention days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Score

The MADRS is a 10-item scale for the evaluation of depressive symptoms (Montgomery et al 1979). Each MADRS item is rated on a 0 to 6 scale. Total score range from 0-60, where lower MADRS scores indicate lower levels of depressive symptoms. The assessment for this outcome will be taken once daily on days 1, 2 and 3 post procedure. A mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM) was used to analyze the difference in postoperative MADRS score between ketamine and placebo groups.. (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Post-intervention days 1, 2 and 3

Number of Participants With Clinical Response

Clinical response defined as >=50% reduction in MADRS score from baseline. MADRS score range: 0 to 60, a lower score indicates lower severity of symptoms. (NCT03861988)
Timeframe: Post-intervention days 1, 2 and 3

Article	Year
Comparison of the effects of antidepressants and their metabolites on reuptake of biogenic amines and on receptor binding. Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 1999, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Antidepressive Agents, Tri	1999
Efficacy and tolerability of antidepressant drugs in treatment of depression in children and adolescents: a network meta-analysis. Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences, 2022, Aug-01, Volume: 51, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Child; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dul	2022
Amitriptyline and Sexual Function: A Systematic Review Updated for Sexual Health Practice. American journal of men's health, 2018, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Humans; Male; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psyc	2018
[Long-term psychiatric consequences of carbon monoxide poisoning: a case report and literature review]. La Revue de medecine interne, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning; Child, Pres	2009
A systematic review on the effectiveness of treatment with antidepressants in fibromyalgia syndrome. Arthritis and rheumatism, 2008, Sep-15, Volume: 59, Issue:9 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Databases, Bibliographic; Depression; Fatigue; Fibromyalgia; H	2008
[Antidepressants in migraine prophylaxis]. Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo, 2009, Volume: 61, Issue:10 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Drug Administration Sche	2009
[The effects of antidepressants on sleep in depressed patients with particular reference to trazodone in comparison to agomelatine, amitriptyline, doxepin, mianserine and mirtazapine]. Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:181 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Doxepin; Humans; Mianserin; Mirtazapine; Sleep; Sl	2011
[Chronic migraine: treatment]. Revista de neurologia, 2012, Apr-10, Volume: 54 Suppl 2 Topics: Amitriptyline; Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticonvulsants; Antihypertensiv	2012
Antidepressants for patients with tinnitus. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2012, Sep-12, Issue:9 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Humans; Nortriptyline; Paroxetine; Randomized Cont	2012
[Antidepressants in cardiology]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 2012, Volume: 90, Issue:10 Topics: Acetamides; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Depression; Humans; Sertr	2012
Comprehensive survey of the relationship between serum concentration and therapeutic effect of amitriptyline in depression. Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2002, Volume: 41, Issue:11 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Humans; Statistics as Topic	2002
Amitriptyline versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2003, Issue:2 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as	2003
CURRENT STATUS OF DRUG TREATMENT IN THE DEPRESSIVE STATE. The Medical clinics of North America, 1964, Volume: 48 Topics: Amitriptyline; Amphetamine; Amphetamines; Antidepressive Agents; Aspartic Acid; Benactyzine; Classif	1964
THE PHARMACOTHERAPY OF THE DEPRESSIVE SYNDROME. Canadian Medical Association journal, 1965, Apr-10, Volume: 92 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Convulsive Therapy; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Desiprami	1965
THE ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS. The New England journal of medicine, 1965, Jun-03, Volume: 272 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Depression; Depressive Diso	1965
Post-herpetic neuralgia case study: optimizing pain control. European journal of neurology, 2004, Volume: 11 Suppl 1 Topics: Acetates; Aged; Amines; Amitriptyline; Analgesics; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Cyclohexanecarb	2004
Amitriptyline for inpatients and SSRIs for outpatients with depression? Systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Pharmacopsychiatry, 2004, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Amitriptyline; Depression; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Inpatients; Outpat	2004
[Suspected depression]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2006, Aug-17, Volume: 148, Issue:33-34 Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Antidepressiv	2006
Amitriptyline for depression. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2007, Jul-18, Issue:3 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as	2007
[Comorbidities in migraine patients]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2007, Apr-19, Volume: 149, Issue:16 Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety Disorders; Carotid Artery,	2007
[A clinical challenge. Pragmatic treatment of migraine and concomitant depression]. Schmerz (Berlin, Germany), 2008, Volume: 22 Suppl 1 Topics: Amitriptyline; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Antidepressive Ag	2008
[The state of psychopharmacotherapy in geriatrics 2]. Therapie der Gegenwart, 1980, Volume: 119, Issue:12 Topics: Actihaemyl; Aged; Amitriptyline; Bencyclane; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clorazepate Dipotassium; D	1980
The efficacy of amoxapine, maprotiline, and trazodone in comparison to imipramine and amitriptyline: a review of the literature. Psychopharmacology bulletin, 1984,Spring, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Amitriptyline; Amoxapine; Anthracenes; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Dibenzoxazepines; Human	1984
The clinical application of tricyclic antidepressant pharmacokinetics and plasma levels. The American journal of psychiatry, 1980, Volume: 137, Issue:6 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Desipramine; Doxepin; Heart; Humans; Im	1980
Antidepressants and the serotonin uptake in platelets. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1980, Volume: 280 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Blood Platelets; Brain; Clomipramine; Depression; Dose-Respons	1980
Pharmacokinetics and clinical response to tricyclic antidepressants. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1980, Volume: 280 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Humans; Imipr	1980
Measurement of serum drug levels in the assessment of antidepressants. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1980, Volume: 10, Issue:5 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Humans; Imipramine; Nortriptyline	1980
Cardiovascular effects of tricyclic antidepressant drugs: therapeutic usage, overdose, and management of complications. American heart journal, 1982, Volume: 103, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cardiovascular S	1982
Hypericum for depression. An update of the clinical evidence. European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 1999, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Humans; Hypericum; Imipramine; Phytotherapy; Plant	1999
[Treatment of depression and cost efficiency. The cost of a tablet is a poor indicator seen from a socioeconomic perspective]. Lakartidningen, 2000, Apr-05, Volume: 97, Issue:14 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Antidepressive A	2000
Mirtazapine. A pharmacoeconomic review of its use in depression. PharmacoEconomics, 2000, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Humans; Mianserin; Mirtazapine; Quality	2000
Gender differences in depression associated with neurologic illness: clinical correlates and pharmacologic response. The journal of gender-specific medicine : JGSM : the official journal of the Partnership for Women's Health at Columbia, 2001, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Depression; Epilepsy; Female; Hu	2001
Clinical and biochemical heterogeneity of depressive disorders. Annals of internal medicine, 1978, Volume: 88, Issue:4 Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Depression; Desipramine; Dextroamphetamine; Em	1978
Tricyclic antidepressants (first of two parts). The New England journal of medicine, 1978, Nov-16, Volume: 299, Issue:20 Topics: Aged; Amines; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Child;	1978
Doxepin up-to-date: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy with particular reference to depression. Drugs, 1977, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Alcoholism; Amitriptyline; Animals; Anxiety; Cardiovascular Diseases; Depression; Doxepin; Drug Inte	1977
Efficacy of ECT in affective and schizophrenic illness. The American journal of psychiatry, 1977, Volume: 134, Issue:9 Topics: Amitriptyline; Chlorpromazine; Depression; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Evaluation Studies as Topic; H	1977
A review of controlled studies with nomifensine, performed outside the UK. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1977, Volume: 4Suppl 2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amitriptyline; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Double-Blind Method; Doxepin; Drug	1977
Blood levels of tricyclic antidepressant drugs: assay procedures, reproducibility and relationship to therapeutic outcome and side effects. Postgraduate medical journal, 1977, Volume: 53 Suppl 4 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Double-Blind	1977
Mianserin: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in depressive illness. Drugs, 1978, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cardiovascular Diseases; Dep	1978
[Treatment of psychiatric disorders in the aged]. Recenti progressi in medicina, 1978, Volume: 65, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Bipolar Disorder; Depression; Electroconvulsi	1978
Atypical odontalgia. Journal of craniomandibular disorders : facial & oral pain, 1992,Fall, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Afferent Pathways; Aged; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Dental Care; Dental Pulp; Depr	1992
Contribution of the variants of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein to its binding of drugs. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1989, Volume: 300 Topics: Amitriptyline; Depression; Dialysis; Genetic Variation; Humans; Nortriptyline; Orosomucoid; Pharmace	1989
Self-evaluations of antidepressants. Psychopharmacologia, 1974, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Desipr	1974
Clinical experience with a new psychotropic drug, trazodone: a review of literature. Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental, 1973, Volume: 15, Issue:10 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Chlordiazepoxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depressio	1973
Antidepressant drugs and sleep. Experimental medicine and surgery, 1969, Volume: 27, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Arousal; Brain; Cats; Depression; Desipramine;	1969
The pharmacology of disordered sleep: a laboratory approach. International psychiatry clinics, 1970, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Amitriptyline; Anxiety; Arousal; Barbiturates; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Depression; Desipramine; Huma	1970
The pharmacodynamics of depression and its relation to therapy. The British journal of clinical practice, 1974, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Amitriptyline; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Che	1974
Psychopharmacology. Yesterday, today and tomorrow: a point of view. Canadian Psychiatric Association journal, 1973, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Affective Symptoms; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Canada; Carbonates; Depression; Dihydroxyp	1973
Principles of antidepressant therapy and results obtained with Hungarian thymoleptics in hospitalized psychiatric patients. Therapia Hungarica (English edition), 1974, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Depression; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Humans; Methot	1974
[Treatment of endogenous depression with psychopharmaceutics]. Medizinische Klinik, 1967, Feb-17, Volume: 62, Issue:7 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorprothixene; Depression; Diazepam; Human	1967
Psychopharmacology: a review. International anesthesiology clinics, 1968,Spring, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Butyrophenones; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorprothixene; De	1968
Clinical and heuristic value of clinical drug research. The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 1970, Volume: 151, Issue:5 Topics: Affective Symptoms; Amitriptyline; Amphetamine; Butyrophenones; Child Behavior Disorders; Chlorproma	1970
[Current problems of the clinical aspects and treatment of depressive states]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 1969, Volume: 47, Issue:9 Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Age Factors; Ambulatory Care; Amitriptyline; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorpromazine;	1969
Social implications of recent advances in psychopharmacology. British medical bulletin, 1970, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Affective Symptoms; Amitriptyline; Chronic Disease; Depression; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Hospitali	1970

Authors	Studies
Sánchez, C	1
Hyttel, J	1
Yang, K	1
Yu, J	1
Nong, K	1
Wang, Y	1
Niu, A	1
Chen, W	1
Dong, J	1
Wang, J	1
Joseph, RM	1
Jack, RH	1
Morriss, R	1
Knaggs, RD	1
Butler, D	1
Hollis, C	1
Hippisley-Cox, J	1
Coupland, C	1
Kulisewa, K	1
Minnick, CE	1
Stockton, MA	1
Gaynes, BN	1
Hosseinipour, MC	1
Mphonda, S	1
Sansbury, G	1
Udedi, MM	1
Pence, BW	1
Gabriel-Alayode, OE	1
Omotola, SL	1
Elegbede, OT	1
Ajetunmobi, OA	1
Agboola, SM	1
Jimoh, AK	1
Elegbede, AO	1
Rao, Y	1
Yang, R	1
Zhao, J	1
Cao, Q	1
Dandjinou, M	1
Sheehy, O	1

amitriptyline and Depression

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (1,012)

Authors

Clinical Trials (34)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS)

Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF)

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS)

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (QLESQ)

Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS)

Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS Severity Ratings)

Clinical Global Impressions Bipolar Version(CGI-BP) Severity of Illness Overall Score

Cumulative Proportion of Participants in Each Arm Surviving Without Relapse

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Total Score

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Global Score

Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) Total Score

Prefrontal GABA+ Concentrations

Prefrontal Glx Concentrations

Change in Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II)

Change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)

Change in Geriatric Depression Rating Scale (GDS)

Change in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) Scores

Change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

Change in Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) - 39 - Emotional Well-Being

Change in Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ) - 39 - Overall

Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Mental Component Summary

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Mental Health

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Role-Emotional

Change in Short Form 36 Health Survey - Vitality

Change in Snaith Clinical Anxiety Scale (CAS)

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) - Bulbar

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) - Motor

Change in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) - Tremor

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Total Score

Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) Scale

Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S)

Clinical Positive Affect Scale (CPAS)

Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS) Scores During Infusion

Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression - 6 Items

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

Number of Participants Reporting Suicidal Ideation/Behavior on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)

Number of Participants With Abnormal and Clinically Significant CBC and Chemistry Labs by Treatment

Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure-Scale (SHAPS)

Symptoms of Depression Questionnaire (SDQ)

Hospital Length of Stay

Number of Participants With Remission

Brief Pain Inventory Pain Intensity Scale Score

Brief Pain Inventory Pain Interference Scale Score

Cumulative Opioid Use

Cumulative Opioid Use

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Scale Score

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) Score

Number of Participants With Clinical Response

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies