Page last updated: 2024-10-22

amitriptyline and As If Personality

amitriptyline has been researched along with As If Personality in 27 studies

Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.
amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"When depression was accompanied by character disorder, the response was generally poor."6.64A comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and combined phenelzine-amitriptyline in refractory depression. ( Davidson, J; Law-Yone, B; Linnoila, M; McLeod, M, 1978)
"Haloperidol was superior to both amitriptyline and placebo on a composite measure of overall symptom severity, with no difference between amitriptyline and placebo."2.66Progress in pharmacotherapy of borderline disorders. A double-blind study of amitriptyline, haloperidol, and placebo. ( George, A; Nathan, RS; Perel, JM; Schulz, PM; Soloff, PH; Ulrich, RF, 1986)
"When depression was accompanied by character disorder, the response was generally poor."2.64A comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and combined phenelzine-amitriptyline in refractory depression. ( Davidson, J; Law-Yone, B; Linnoila, M; McLeod, M, 1978)

Research

Studies (27)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199024 (88.89)18.7374
1990's3 (11.11)18.2507
2000's0 (0.00)29.6817
2010's0 (0.00)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Patience, DA1
McGuire, RJ1
Scott, AI1
Freeman, CP1
Tyrer, SP1
Brittlebank, AD1
Sauer, H1
Richter, P1
Czernik, A1
Ludwig-Mayerhofer, W1
Schöchlin, C1
Greil, W1
von Zerssen, D1
Bertilsson, L1
Mellström, B1
Sjöqvist, F1
Davidson, J1
McLeod, M1
Law-Yone, B1
Linnoila, M1
Boyer, P1
Guelfi, JD1
Soloff, PH4
George, A4
Nathan, S1
Schulz, PM4
Cornelius, JR1
Herring, J1
Perel, JM4
Gunderson, JG1
Nathan, RS3
Ulrich, RF1
Fava, GA1
Lisansky, J1
Kellner, R1
Zielezny, M1
Benoit, JC1
Delagrange, G1
Richou, A1
Souchon, G1
Sow, I1
Sivadon, P1
Smulevich, AB1
Vorob'ev, VIu1
Zavidovskaia, GI1
Lobova, EK1
Balashova, MG1
Sethna, ER1
Paykel, ES3
Prusoff, BA1
Klerman, GL1
Haskell, D1
DiMascio, A1
Weissman, MM1
Geisler, A1
Thomsen, K1
Voelkel, A2
Glatzel, J2
Suchenwirth, R1
Montanini, R1
Huber, G1
Blinder, MG1

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Brexpiprazole in the Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder.[NCT03418675]Phase 280 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-11-26Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)

A clinician-administered assessment of anxiety that will be assessed at all study visits (Visit 1-Visit 8). Changes in scores from baseline to final visit will be assessed. Higher scores (up to 56) indicate higher levels of anxiety, with 0 being no symptoms of anxiety. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: assessed at Visits 1 to 8, change in scores from Visit 1 to Visit 8 (baseline to Week 12) is reported

Interventionchange in score on a scale (Mean)
Placebo-2.41
Rexulti-4.88

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)

A clinician-administered assessment of depression that will be assessed at all study visits (Visits 1-8). Higher total scores indicate higher levels of depression (up to 52), while a score of 0 would indicate no depressive symptoms. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Assessed at Visits 1 to 8, change in scores from Visit 1 to Visit 8 (baseline to week 12) is reported

Interventionchange in score on a scale (Mean)
Placebo-2.09
Rexulti-3.81

Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS)

A self-report assessment of impulsivity that will be assessed at baseline and visit 8. The BIS is composed of 30 items describing common impulsive or non-impulsive (for reverse scored items) behaviors and preferences. Items are scored on a 4-point scale: (Rarely/Never = 1, Occasionally = 2, Often = 3, Almost Always/Always = 4). These scores are summed to produce an overall impulsivity score ranging from 30 (not impulsive) to 120 (extremely impulsive). (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 12 (Visit 8)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 8
Placebo76.5368.13
Rexulti72.2770.5

Borderline Evaluation of Severity Over Time (BEST)

A self rated scale used to measure severity and change. The first 12 items of the scale are on a scale from 1-5, with 5 meaning that the item caused extreme distress, severe difficulties in relationships, and/or kept them from getting things done. The lowest rating (1) means it caused little or no problems. Items 13-15 (positive behaviors) are rated according to frequency. Completed at every visit. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Assessed at Visits 1 to 8, change in scores from Visit 1 to Visit 8 (baseline to week 12) is reported

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 8
Placebo40.9029.15
Rexulti40.5423.15

Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS)

"A self-report scale measuring suicidality. Subjects will complete the scale at all visits. Subjects are asked about suicidal thoughts. If answers are no, rater can proceed to suicidal behavior section where subject is asked about any non-suicidal self injurious behavior. If yes, subject is asked about intensity of ideations. In the event of serious threat to themselves, the subject will be escorted to the emergency room. Total score indicates severity of suicidal ideation and behavior, with lower scores representing lower levels of suicidality and higher scores representing higher levels of suicidality. A score of 0 would reflect no suicidality present, whereas a maximum score of 5 would reflect active suicidal ideation with intent to act." (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 12 (Visit 8)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 8
Placebo1.150.23
Rexulti0.730.08

MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview

A short-structured interview that assesses comorbid psychiatric disorders according to the DSM 5 criteria. This assessment will be done during the baseline visit. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Week 1)

,
InterventionParticipants (Count of Participants)
Major Depressive Episode (Current)Major Depressive Episode (Past)Manic Episode (Current)Manic Episode (Past)Hypomanic Episode (Current)Bipolar I Disorder (Current)Bipolar I Disorder (Past)Bipolar II Disorder (Current)Bipolar II Disorder (Past)Panic Disorder (Current)Panic Disorder (Lifetime)Agoraphobia (Current)Social Anxiety Disorder (Current)Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (Current)Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Current)Alcohol Use Disorder (Past 12 months)Substance Use Disorder (Past 12 months)Any Psychotic Disorder (Current)Any Psychotic Disorder (Lifetime)Major Depressive Disorder with Psychotic Features (Current)Major Depressive Disorder with Psychotic Features (Past)Anorexia Nervosa (current)Bulimia Nervosa (Current)Binge Eating Disorder (Current)Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Current)Antisocial Personality Disorder (Lifetime)ADHD Combined Type (Current)ADHD Inattentive Type (Current)ADHD Hyperactive Type (Current)Tourette's Syndrome (Lifetime)Persistent Motor Tic Disorder (Lifetime)Provisional Vocal Tic Disorder (Lifetime)Provisional Tic Disorder (Lifetime)Specific PhobiaBody Dysmorphic Disorder (Current)
Placebo16122110000611763913110000042108201010043
Rexulti1818230000161099312880100144154411110012

Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI)

A self-report assessment of patient perceived quality of life that will be assessed at baseline and visit 8. Higher scores indicate a higher quality of life, whereas lower scores indicate a lower quality of life. Participants are asked to rate the importance of each domain on a 3-point scale ranging from 1=not important to 3=very important, and to rate how satisfied they are with that domain on a 6-point scale, ranging from -3=very dissatisfied to +3=very satisfied. In scoring, importance ratings are multiplied by satisfaction ratings to produce weighted satisfaction scores for each of the 16 domains. Weighted satisfaction scores are summed and divided by the number of domains that were rated as important or very important to produce a raw score, which is then converted to a t-score, which provides a proxy measurement for perceived quality of life. T-scores range from very low perceived quality of life (0-36) to high perceived quality of life (58-77). (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Week 1), Week 12 (Visit 8)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 8
Placebo28.8930.75
Rexulti28.7035.71

Self Report Version of Zanarini Scale

A self-report scale assessing Borderline Personality severity that will be assessed at all visits.This scale is assessing severity and change in BPD symptoms. This is a 9-item scale measuring severity of different aspects of Borderline Personality Disorder, with each item rated on a 0-4 scale, 0=no symptoms, 4=severe symptoms. Total scores range from 0-36. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 1 (Visit 2), Week 2 (Visit 3), Week 4 (Visit 4), Week 6 (Visit 5), Week 8 (Visit 6), Week 10 (Visit 7), Week 12 (Visit 8)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 2Visit 3Visit 4Visit 5Visit 6Visit 7Visit 8
Placebo18.212.810.710.79.79.68.79.3
Rexulti17.610.97.98.07.06.66.05.8

Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS)

Subjects will complete the SDS at all visits. The change in scores from baseline to study completion will be assessed. The scale itself assesses the level of disability from borderline personality disorder (or target disorder) with higher scores indicating a more debilitating disorder. Scores range from 0-30. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 1 (Visit 2), Week 2 (Visit 3), Week 4 (Visit 4), Week 6 (Visit 5), Week 8 (Visit 6), Week 10 (Visit 7), Week 12 (Visit 8)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 2Visit 3Visit 4Visit 5Visit 6Visit 7Visit 8
Placebo17.313.311.512.411.711.212.012.7
Rexulti15.810.77.87.87.07.96.97.7

Symptom Checklist-90 Revised

An instrument that helps evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder psychopathology. This will be assessed at baseline and visit 8.The 115 items are rated by using a 5-step Likert scale (0=not at all, 4=very strong) and provide a global picture of borderline psychopathology. Global scores of borderline psychopathology are calculated by summing 12 items and range from 0-48. Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline, Visit 8 (Week 12)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 8
Placebo26.1720.25
Rexulti25.4214.21

Zanarini Rating Scale for Borderline Personality Disorder

A clinician-administered scale assessing Borderline Personality Scale severity at all study visits. Scores range from 0-36. Higher scores represent worse Borderline Personality Disorder severity, and lower scores represent milder Borderline Personality Disorder severity. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 1 (Visit 2), Week 2 (Visit 3), Week 4 (Visit 4), Week 6 (Visit 5), Week 8 (Visit 6), Week 10 (Visit 7), Week 12 (Visit 8)

,
Interventionscore on a scale (Mean)
Visit 1Visit 2Visit 3Visit 4Visit 5Visit 6Visit 7Visit 8
Placebo14.97.64.764.25.758.4
Rexulti14.96.75.34.44.54.943.1

Trials

12 trials available for amitriptyline and As If Personality

ArticleYear
The Edinburgh Primary Care Depression Study: personality disorder and outcome.
    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1995, Volume: 167, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Cognitive Behavioral Thera

1995
Personality differences between patients with major depression and bipolar disorder--the impact of minor symptoms on self-ratings of personality.
    Journal of affective disorders, 1997, Volume: 42, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Amitriptyline; Bipolar Disorder; Carbamazepine; Defense Mechanisms; Depressive Disorder

1997
A comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and combined phenelzine-amitriptyline in refractory depression.
    Archives of general psychiatry, 1978, Volume: 35, Issue:5

    Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Adult; Affective Disorders, Psychotic; Amitriptyline; Depression; Depressive D

1978
Amitriptyline versus haloperidol in borderlines: final outcomes and predictors of response.
    Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:4

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Borderline Personality Disorder; Depressive Disorder; Follow-Up Studies; Haloperidol;

1989
Pharmacotherapy for patients with borderline personality disorder.
    Archives of general psychiatry, 1986, Volume: 43, Issue:7

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Antipsychotic Agents; Borderline Personality Disorder; Clinical Trials as Topic; Doub

1986
Progress in pharmacotherapy of borderline disorders. A double-blind study of amitriptyline, haloperidol, and placebo.
    Archives of general psychiatry, 1986, Volume: 43, Issue:7

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amitriptyline; Borderline Personality Disorder; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-

1986
Paradoxical effects of amitriptyline on borderline patients.
    The American journal of psychiatry, 1986, Volume: 143, Issue:12

    Topics: Aggression; Amitriptyline; Borderline Personality Disorder; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind M

1986
Behavioral dyscontrol in borderline patients treated with amitriptyline.
    Psychopharmacology bulletin, 1987, Volume: 23, Issue:1

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Borderline Personality Disorder; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Im

1987
A study of refractory cases of depressive illnesses and their response to combined antidepressant treatment.
    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1974, Volume: 124, Issue:0

    Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Body Weight; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Drug Therapy, Combination;

1974
Clinical response to amitriptyline among depressed women.
    The Journal of nervous and mental disease, 1973, Volume: 156, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Amitriptyline; Analysis of Variance; Anxiety; Bipolar Disorder; Depression; Eval

1973
Drug defaulting estimated by the use of a drug marker.
    Current medical research and opinion, 1973, Volume: 1, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Attitude to Health; Chlorprothixene; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Ethanol; Fema

1973
[Clinical experiences with a new thymoleptic].
    Schweizer Archiv fur Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie = Archives suisses de neurologie, neurochirurgie et de psychiatrie, 1967, Volume: 100, Issue:1

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Depression; Female; Humans; Imiprami

1967

Other Studies

15 other studies available for amitriptyline and As If Personality

ArticleYear
Misdiagnosis of bipolar affective disorder as personality disorder.
    Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 1993, Volume: 38, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Bipolar Disorder; Carbamazepine; Combined Mo

1993
Pronounced inhibition of noradrenaline uptake by 10-hydroxymetabolites of nortriptyline.
    Life sciences, 1979, Oct-08, Volume: 25, Issue:15

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; N

1979
[Somatic disorders and depressive states].
    Annales medico-psychologiques, 1978, Volume: 136, Issue:10

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Depression; Disease; Drug Hypersensit

1978
Treatment responses in primary and secondary melancholia: a preliminary report.
    The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1985, Volume: 46, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amitriptyline; Depressive Disorder; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; Obsess

1985
[Contribution to the clinical study of a new neuroleptic: sulpiride].
    La semaine des hopitaux : organe fonde par l'Association d'enseignement medical des hopitaux de Paris, 1969, Mar-26, Volume: 45, Issue:15

    Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Amitriptyline; Anorexia Nervosa; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Dep

1969
[Problems of differentiated thymoleptic therapy in phasic depressions].
    Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1974, Volume: 74, Issue:6

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amitriptyline; Anthracenes; Antidepressive Agents; Azocines; Benzoates; Benzofura

1974
Social adjustment and depression. A longitudinal study.
    Archives of general psychiatry, 1973, Volume: 28, Issue:5

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Anxiety; Communication; Depression; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Family; Female; Fol

1973
[On the prophylactic treatment of cyclothymic diseases with a carboanhydrase inhibitor (author's transl)].
    Pharmakopsychiatrie, Neuro-Psychopharmakologie, 1973, Volume: 6, Issue:1

    Topics: Acetazolamide; Amitriptyline; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Haloperidol; Hea

1973
[Effect of thymoleptica in the drawing test].
    Die Medizinische Welt, 1967, Mar-11, Volume: 10

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Desipramine; Female; Humans; Imipramine; Middle Aged; Personal

1967
[Neuropsychiatric aspects of male sterility].
    Minerva medica, 1972, May-30, Volume: 63, Issue:41

    Topics: Amitriptyline; Depression; Dibenzazepines; Frustration; Humans; Imipramine; Infertility, Male; Male;

1972
Depressive typologies and response to amitriptyline.
    The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1972, Volume: 120, Issue:555

    Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Adult; Amitriptyline; Analysis of Variance; Anxiety; Depression; Female; Hosti

1972
[Cenesthetic schizophrenia as a significant type in schizophrenic diseases].
    Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1971, Volume: 47, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Affective Symptoms; Amitriptyline; Brain Stem; Desipramine; Diagnosis, Differential; Electroe

1971
[Clinical and therapeutic aspects of cyclothymic depressions of late onset].
    Psychiatria clinica, 1971, Volume: 4, Issue:5

    Topics: Age Factors; Amitriptyline; Delusions; Depression; Diagnosis, Differential; Diazepam; Humans; Middle

1971
Classification and treatment of depression.
    International psychiatry clinics, 1969, Volume: 6, Issue:2

    Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Amitriptyline; Anxiety; Bipolar Disorder; Brain Neoplasms; Depression; Histrio

1969
[Alternative therapy with noxiptilin and amitriptyline in clinical-stationary treated depression].
    Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1969, Volume: 19

    Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Female

1969