amg-900 and Brain-Neoplasms

High rates of recurrence and treatment resistance in the most common malignant adult brain cancer, glioblastoma (GBM), suggest that monotherapies are not sufficiently effective. Combination therapies are increasingly pursued, but the possibility of adverse drug-drug interactions may preclude clinical implementation. Developing single molecules with multiple targets is a feasible alternative strategy to identify effective and tolerable pharmacotherapies for GBM. Here, we report the development of a novel, first-in-class, dual aurora and lim kinase inhibitor termed F114. Aurora kinases and lim kinases are involved in neoplastic cell division and cell motility, respectively. Due to the importance of these cellular functions, inhibitors of aurora kinases and lim kinases are being pursued separately as anti-cancer therapies. Using in vitro and ex vivo models of GBM, we found that F114 inhibits GBM proliferation and invasion. These results establish F114 as a promising new scaffold for dual aurora/lim kinase inhibitors that may be used in future drug development efforts for GBM, and potentially other cancers.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Aurora Kinase A; Aurora Kinase B; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Proliferation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Glioblastoma; Humans; Lim Kinases; Molecular Structure; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The Aurora kinase family of serine/threonine protein kinases comprises Aurora A, B, and C and plays an important role in mitotic progression. Several inhibitors of Aurora kinase have been developed as anti-cancer therapeutics. Here, we examined the effects of a pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor, AMG900, against glioblastoma cells. AMG900 inhibited proliferation of A172, U-87MG, and U-118MG glioblastoma cells by upregulating p53 and p21 and subsequently inducing cell cycle arrest and senescence. Abnormal cell cycle progression was triggered by dysregulated mitosis. Mitosis was prolonged due to a defect in mitotic spindle assembly. Despite the presence of an unattached kinetochore, BubR1, a component of the spindle assembly checkpoint, was not recruited. In addition, Aurora B was not recruited to central spindle at anaphase. Abnormal mitotic progression resulted in accumulation of multinuclei and micronuclei, a type of chromosome missegregation, and ultimately inhibited cell survival. Therefore, the data suggest that AMG900-mediated inhibition of Aurora kinase is a potential anti-cancer therapy for glioblastoma.

Topics: Aurora Kinases; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; Disease Progression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glioblastoma; Humans; Mitosis; Phthalazines; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Up-Regulation

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant childhood brain tumour. Aurora kinases are essential for cell division and are primarily active during mitosis. Recently, the combination of aurora kinases inhibitors (iAURK) and histone deacetylase inhibitors (iHDAC) has shown potential antitumour effects and had significant biological effects in preclinical cancer models. In this study, we analysed the effects of the pan-aurora kinases inhibitor AMG 900 alone or in combination with the iHDAC SaHa (Vorinostat) on paediatric MB cell lines (UW402, UW473 and ONS-76).. Cell proliferation was measured by XTT assay, apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry and clonogenic capacity was studied. qRT-PCR assays were used to determine the mRNA expression in MB cell lines after treatment. Drug combination analyses were made based on Chou-Talalay method.. AMG 900 caused the inhibition of cell proliferation, diminution of clonogenic capacity and increased the apoptosis rate in cell lines (P < 0.05). A synergistic effect in the AMG900-SaHa combination was evidenced on the inhibition of cell proliferation in all cell lines, especially in sequential drug treatment. Moreover, the combination of these drugs reached 100% of the inhibition in colony formation (synergistic effect). The treatment with AMG 900 increased the p21 and GDF15 expression, but did not alter the TP53 in one of the cell lines.. These results indicate that AMG 900 may be a promising drug for the adjuvant treatment of MB, mainly when combined with iHDAC.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Child; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gene Expression; Growth Differentiation Factor 15; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Histones; Humans; Hydroxamic Acids; Medulloblastoma; Phosphorylation; Phthalazines; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Vorinostat