amanitins and Carbon-Tetrachloride-Poisoning

The aim of the present study is to investigate the capacity of damaged rat liver cells to respond to a second inflammation by a change in plasma protein profile, while the first inflammatory process is in progress. Quantitation of these effects would be useful, especially in situations where patients are suffering from complications due to emergence of a new pathological factor. We therefore studied the effect of phalloidin on rat livers already made necrotic by oral intubation of CCl4. Our data showed that a decrease in acute-phase response does not necessarily always imply healing, but may also be indicative of a second pathological complication.

Topics: Amanitins; Animals; Blood Proteins; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; DNA; Immunoelectrophoresis; Liver; Phalloidine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thymidine; Time Factors

The hepatotoxic effects of carbon tetrachloride (0.01 ml/kg i.p.), thioacetamide (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally), paracetamol (0.5 g/kg intraperitoneally), and allyl alcohol (0.05 ml/kg intraperitoneally) as estimated by determination of serum enzyme activities (GOT, GPT, SDH) were enhanced in mice treated with one oral dose of 4.8 g/kg ethanol 16 hrs. previously. Pretreatment of mice with ethanol did not increase the hepatotoxic actions of bromobenzene (0.25 ml/kg intraperitoneally), phalloidin (1.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally), alpha-amanitin (0.75 mg/kg intraperitoneally), and praseodymium (12 mg/kg intravenously) though there was a trend to higher enzyme activities in the case of bromobenzene. In guinea-pigs ethanol also aggravated CCl4-induced liver damage, but only strengthened the hepatotoxic activity of D-galactosamine (150 mg/kg intraperitoneally). Treatment with 4.8 g/kg ethanol did not influence liver glutathione levels in mice but increased aniline hydroxylation in the 9000 x g liver homogenate supernatant of mice and guinea-pigs. A dose of 2.4 g/kg ethanol, on the other hand, neither increased aniline hydroxylase activity nor enhanced carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. It is assumed that the enhanced sensitivity to hepatotoxic agents after treatment with ethanol may be due to an enhanced microsomal activation of these substances.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Administration, Oral; Alanine Transaminase; Alcoholic Intoxication; Amanitins; Aniline Hydroxylase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bromobenzenes; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Ethanol; Galactosamine; Glutathione; Humans; L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase; Liver; Male; Mice; Microsomes, Liver; Organ Size; Phalloidine; Praseodymium; Thioacetamide

Ethyl (Z)-(3-ethyl-4-oxo-5-piperidino-thiazolidin-2-ylidene)- acetate (piprozoline, Gö 919, Problin) is a new potent choleretic which can be classified as a true cholepoietic agent. Accordingly the substance increases bile fluid and solid content as well. A dose-dependent choleretic effect could be shown in all species investigated. The choleretic effect of piprozoline is long-lasting and superior to that of the other choleretics compared with. There was a significant inhibition of experimentally induced liver damage in animals by piprozoline given prophylactically. Our experiments did not reveal any pharmacological properties interfering with the use of piprozoline as a choleretic.

Topics: Amanitins; Animals; Bile; Bile Acids and Salts; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Cats; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cholagogues and Choleretics; Dogs; Female; Galactosamine; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Piperidines; Rats; Thiazoles

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Amanitins; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Body Temperature; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Dogs; Female; Flavonoids; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice; Phalloidine; Rabbits; Rats; Silymarin; Sorbitol; Time Factors; Vascular Resistance