alpha-chymotrypsin and Wounds-and-Injuries

Tissue damage of all types, such as surgical or accidental injuries, fractures, and burns, stimulates a well-orchestrated, physiological process of healing, which ultimately leads to structural and functional restoration of the damaged tissues. The tissue repair process can be broadly divided into four continuous and overlapping phases-hemostasis and coagulation, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. If the process is interrupted or halted during any stage, it leads to impaired healing and formation of a chronic wound. Chronic wounds are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and poor quality of life. Therefore, prompt and effective management of acute tissue injury is necessary to prevent it from progressing to a chronic wound. Proteolytic enzymes have been used to facilitate tissue repair since ancient times. Trypsin:chymotrypsin is an oral proteolytic enzyme preparation which has been in clinical use since the 1960s. It provides better resolution of inflammatory symptoms and promotes speedier recovery of acute tissue injury than several of the other existing enzyme preparations. This review article revisits the role and clinical utility of trypsin:chymotrypsin combination in tissue repair.. Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited.

Topics: Burns; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Humans; Inflammation; Peptide Hydrolases; Quality of Life; Trypsin; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: 4-Aminobenzoic Acid; Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Feces; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Pancreatitis; Prognosis; Recurrence; Virus Diseases; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Cataract Extraction; Chymotrypsin; Deoxyribonucleases; Fibrinolysin; Humans; Inflammation; Peptide Hydrolases; Streptodornase and Streptokinase; Trypsin; Wounds and Injuries

Systemic enzyme therapy can play an important role in maintaining normal inflammatory processes within the body and thereby helps support and speed up healing. In the course of the anti-inflammatory action, enzymes degrade damaged cells and necrotic material and, through the inactivation of mediators and toxic products, they restrict the edema and pain.. The study conducted at Grant Medical College, Mumbai, India was a clinical trial comparing the efficacy and tolerability of three oral enzyme treatment groups-oral tablets containing trypsin:chymotrypsin (TC) (Chymoral Forte. A total of 75 patients were screened, randomized, and divided into three groups in 1:1:1 ratio receiving either of the three treatments. In the TC group, erythema was significantly reduced from 3.44 on day 3 to 1.16 on day 10 (p < 0.01). There was significantly better reduction in erythema scores in the TC group as compared to S and TBR groups (p < 0.05) at each follow-up visit. Similarly reduction in the local irritation, wound discharge, edema, induration, and tenderness score with TC treatment at the end of the study was significantly higher than that observed in the other two groups. In addition TC showed significant reduction in pain on the VAS scale (p < 0.01). Global assessment of response to therapy for efficacy and tolerability was reported to be good to excellent in 88% and 92% of the patients on TC as compared to 12% and 8% with S and 12% and 8% with TBR.. TC provides a better resolution of symptoms of inflammation after orthopedic surgery as compared to S and TBR, thus facilitating better wound healing. Further studies are warranted to confirm the findings.. Clinical Trial Registry of India (Reg. No. CTRI/2011/07/001920).

Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Bromelains; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peptide Hydrolases; Prospective Studies; Rutin; Trypsin; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Wound dressing materials such as asiaticoside, collagenase, and alpha-chymotrypsin are often used for effective wound healing activity.. In this study, the effects of asiaticoside, collagenase, and alpha-chymotrypsin were studied in rabbit models with open wounds with tissue loss and with full-thickness flank excisions for a period of 21 days.. Three groups of 4 rabbits were examined during trial periods of 7, 14, and 21 days. Four circular wounds measuring 1.5 cm in diameter were made on the dorsal sides of the animals: 2 on the right and 2 the left. Asiaticoside, collagenase, and alpha-chymotrypsin were applied to wounds daily for a period of 7, 14, and 21 days, while 1 gauzed wound served as the control. All biopsy specimens were histopathologically evaluated for recovery. On day 7, microscopic review showed no differences in wound healing between groups.. By day 14, alpha-chymotrypsin showed the quickest reepithelialization (P < 0.05); and by day 21 asiaticoside and collagenase (P < 0.01) showed effective recovery, due to the completion of wound healing for all animals in both groups.. Alpha-chymotrypsin is more effective than the other 2 groups for only 14 days. The effectiveness of asiaticoside and collagenase displayed a more rapid improvement in comparison to alpha-chymotrypsin for healing open wounds with tissue loss for a period of 21 days.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bandages; Chymotrypsin; Collagenases; Disease Models, Animal; Rabbits; Triterpenes; Wound Healing; Wound Infection; Wounds and Injuries

A chymotrypsin found in the secretions of Lucilia sericata and manufactured as a recombinant enzyme degrades chronic wound eschar ex vivo.. To characterize the inhibition profile of the L. sericata recombinant chymotrypsin I.. Activity of recombinant chymotrypsin I and its sensitivity to endogenous inhibitors were determined enzymatically using the fluorogenic substrate succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-phenylalanyl-aminomethyl coumarin.. We report the presence of high concentrations of two endogenous inhibitors, α1-antichymotrypsin and α1-antitrypsin, in wound eschar and a trace of a third, α2-macroglobulin, with the potential to inhibit this debridement process. However, the addition of a soluble and inhibitor-containing extract of chronic wound eschar to chymotrypsin I did not affect activity of the enzyme, neither did the addition of purified native α1-antichymotrypsin or α1-antitrypsin, although chymotrypsin I was inhibited by α2-macroglobulin. Conversely, the mammalian equivalent, α-chymotrypsin, was inhibited by the purified native α1-antichymotrypsin, α1-antitrypsin and α2-macroglobulin and by the soluble extract of wound eschar.. The data suggest that the maggot-derived chymotrypsin I is biochemically distinct from human α-chymotrypsin and the lack of inhibition by wound eschar suggests a means by which chymotrypsin I activity survives within the wound to contribute towards debridement during maggot biotherapy.

Topics: Animals; Aprotinin; Blotting, Western; Chymotrypsin; Diptera; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Humans; Larva; Skin; Trypsin Inhibitors; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

A new wound cleansing agent consisting of bead cellulose with covalently, firmly bound proteolytic enzyme, chymotrypsin, was prepared. It was found that this preparation can be applied in the treatment of suppurating wounds of all types with very good results.

Topics: Cellulose; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Powders; Suppuration; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Amylases; Animals; Bandages; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Empyema; Enzymes, Immobilized; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Intraoperative Care; Lung Abscess; Peptide Hydrolases; Postoperative Care; Postoperative Complications; Rats; Streptokinase; Therapeutic Irrigation; Thrombosis; Trypsin; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Animals; Aprotinin; Chymotrypsin; Edema; Glycosaminoglycans; Hindlimb; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Oxyphenbutazone; Phytotherapy; Plants, Medicinal; Rats; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arteriosclerosis; Burns; Chymotrypsin; Debridement; Deoxyribonucleases; Endarteritis; Enzyme Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Nervous System Diseases; Skin Transplantation; Streptodornase and Streptokinase; Streptokinase; Transplantation, Autologous; Trypsin; Ulcer; Varicose Ulcer; Veins; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Aprotinin; Chymotrypsin; Corticosterone; Depression, Chemical; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Heparin; Heparinoids; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Methysergide; Ointments; Phenylbutazone; Rats; Stimulation, Chemical; Tibial Fractures; Time Factors; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Chymotrypsin; Edema; Rabbits; Time Factors; Water; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Chymotrypsin; Drug Synergism; Edema; Humans; Phenylbutazone; Postoperative Care; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Humans; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amylases; Chymotrypsin; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydrolases; Male; Middle Aged; Orthopedics; Postoperative Complications; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Adult; Animals; Burns; Chymotrypsin; Contusions; Edema; Fracture Fixation; Fractures, Bone; Hemarthrosis; Hematoma; Humans; Joint Dislocations; Methocarbamol; Phenylbutazone; Rats; Skin Transplantation; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Biomedical Research; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Hypothermia; Hypothermia, Induced; Injections; Injections, Intradermal; Lidocaine; Pharmacology; Psoriasis; Skin Diseases; Sutures; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Drug Therapy; Enzyme Therapy; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Concussion; Brain Edema; Chymotrypsin; Female; Fracture Fixation; Hemarthrosis; Hematoma; Humans; Joint Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Edema; Hematoma; Humans; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Traumatology; Trypsin; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Angioedema; Chymotrypsin; Diuretics; Drug Therapy; Eczema; Humans; Leg; Lymphedema; Phlebitis; Skin Diseases; Varicose Veins; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Body Temperature; Burns; Chymotrypsin; Infrared Rays; Oxyphenbutazone; Photography; Skin; Sprains and Strains; Thermography; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Edema; Hematologic Tests; Hematoma; Humans; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Occupational; Chymotrypsin; Ecchymosis; Edema; Humans; Inflammation; Occupational Medicine; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Autoradiography; Chymotrypsin; Cornea; Eye Proteins; Leucine; Pharmacology; Protein Biosynthesis; Proteins; Rabbits; Regeneration; Research; Tritium; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Abscess; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Inflammation; Medicine; Peptide Hydrolases; Psychotherapy; Trypsin; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Orthopedic Procedures; Orthopedics; Psychotherapy; Traumatology; Trypsin; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Edema; Edetic Acid; Hematologic Tests; Hydrolases; Peptide Hydrolases; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Psychotherapy; Wounds and Injuries