alpha-chymotrypsin and Lung-Diseases

Topics: alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; alpha-Macroglobulins; Animals; Chymotrypsin; Dogs; Humans; Lung; Lung Diseases; Macrophages; Pancreatic Elastase; Peptide Hydrolases; Protease Inhibitors; Pulmonary Emphysema; Smoking; Sputum

We studied the effects of expectorants (mucolytic agents) in vivo on the relaxation behavior of sputum viscoelasticity. Seven female and thirty-three male patients (56.8 +/- 19.3 yrs, range: 21 to 82 years old) with a chronic pulmonary disease except bronchial asthma were studied. They were randomly put into the control group or a group which would be given oral treatments with an expectorant for a week after a one week washout period. The groups were as follows: Group I (n = 8), control; Group II (n = 7), Bromhexine hydrochloride 24 mg per day; Group III (n = 10), Ambroxol 90 mg per day; Group IV (n = 9) alpha - Chymotrypsin buccle 100 ch.u. per day; Group V (n = 6), Serratiopeptidase 30 mg per day. In Groups IV & V, frequency dependence of sputum viscoelasticity at the range of omega = 10(-3) to 10(0) rad.sec-1 were clearly changed after the treatments, and the magnitude of the relaxation and its main relaxation time were significantly increased. On the other hand, in Groups I, II & III, no significant changes of the frequency dependences were observed. These findings suggest that proteolytic enzymes administered orally work on the molecular structure of sputum, and break down their linkages between subunits of the structure.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ambroxol; Bromhexine; Chymotrypsin; Elasticity; Expectorants; Female; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Peptide Hydrolases; Sputum; Viscosity

This study tested the hypothesis that inhaled nitric oxide (NO) and combined NO and hyperoxia will result in less pulmonary dysfunction and delay onset of respiratory signs compared with hyperoxia-exposed newborn guinea pigs (GPs). GPs were exposed to room air (n = 14), 95% O(2) (n = 36), 20 parts per million (ppm) NO (n = 14), or combined 20 ppm NO and 95% O(2) (NO/O(2), n = 13) for up to 5 days. Data evaluated included latency interval for onset of respiratory distress, pressure volume curves, lung histology, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), proteolytic activity, and total protein. NO-exposed GPs did not develop respiratory distress and had no evidence of pulmonary dysfunction. O(2)-exposed GPs developed respiratory distress after 1-5 days (median 4.0) vs. 3-5 days (median 5.0) for NO/O(2) exposure (P < 0.05). BAL from O(2)-exposed GPs showed increased PMNs compared with NO/O(2)-exposed GPs. O(2)- and NO/O(2)-exposed GPs had comparable reduced lung volumes, lung histology, and increased BAL proteinase activity and total protein. In summary 1) O(2) exposure resulted in multiple measures of pulmonary dysfunction in newborn GPs, 2) 5-day exposure to NO produced no noticeable respiratory effects and pulmonary dysfunction, and 3) short-term exposure (

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Chymotrypsin; Guinea Pigs; Hyperoxia; Leukocyte Count; Lung; Lung Diseases; Lung Volume Measurements; Neutrophils; Nitric Oxide; Oxygen; Trypsin

A protease-activation mutant of Sendai virus, TCs, was isolated from a trypsin-resistant mutant, TR-5. TCs was activated in vitro by both trypsin and chymotrypsin. TCs was, however, less sensitive to trypsin and chymotrypsin than were the wild-type virus and TR-5, respectively. F protein of TCs had a single amino acid substitution at residue 114 from glutamine to arginine, resulting in the appearance of the new cleavage site for trypsin and the shift of the cleavage site for chymotrypsin. Activation of TCs in the lungs of mice occurred less efficiently than that of the wild type, and TCs caused a less severe pneumopathogenicity than did the wild-type virus, which supports our previous view that the in vitro trypsin sensitivity of Sendai virus can be a good indication of pneumopathogenicity in mice.

Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Chymotrypsin; Lung; Lung Diseases; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human; Paramyxoviridae Infections; Trypsin; Viral Fusion Proteins; Virus Replication

Ex vivo canine lung lobes were exposed to a pancreatic proteolytic enzyme (chymotrypsin) alone or chymotrypsin after pretreatment with a continuous infusion with pentoxifylline. The lobes exposed to chymotrypsin gained 133 g, while the pentoxifylline-treated lobes gained only 65 g (p less than .05) over the 3-h experimental period. These results suggest that pentoxifylline significantly attenuates the lung weight gain associated with chymotrypsin.

Topics: Airway Resistance; Animals; Capillary Permeability; Chymotrypsin; Dogs; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Lung Diseases; Male; Organ Size; Pentoxifylline; Pulmonary Circulation; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure

Good therapeutic results free of unwanted side-effects were observed in the management of acute and chronic non-tubercular bronchopneumopathies with an association of tetracyclin hydrochloride, proteolytic enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin), vanillic acid diethylamide and pyridophyllin.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Lung Abscess; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline; Trypsin

Topics: Adult; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Cholecystitis; Chymotrypsin; Colorimetry; Duodenal Ulcer; Female; Hepatitis; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Liver Cirrhosis; Lung Diseases; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pancreatitis; Pregnancy; Respiratory Tract Infections; Trypsin Inhibitors

Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chymotrypsin; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Bronchiectasis; Chymotrypsin; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Lung Abscess; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia; Trypsin

Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholestasis; Chymotrypsin; Diabetes Mellitus; Gastritis; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Diseases; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Trypsin Inhibitors

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Humans; Lung Diseases; Pleural Diseases; Suppuration; Trypsin

Topics: Chymotrypsin; Cytodiagnosis; Humans; Lung Diseases; Sputum

Topics: Balsams; Chymotrypsin; Female; Guaifenesin; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Theophylline; Trypsin

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Acidosis, Respiratory; Anticoagulants; Bicarbonates; Bronchodilator Agents; Chymotrypsin; Ephedrine; Expectorants; Glucocorticoids; Guaiacol; Humans; Iodine Isotopes; Isoproterenol; Lung Diseases; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Potassium Iodide; Sodium; Thyroid Gland; Tromethamine; Trypsin

Topics: Bronchial Diseases; Chymotrypsin; Drug Therapy; Expectorants; Humans; Lung Diseases; Mucus; Sputum; Trypsin