alpha-chymotrypsin and Bronchitis

Topics: alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency; alpha-Macroglobulins; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Lung; Pancreatic Elastase; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Emphysema

In the examination of 64 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, some specificities of functioning of decompensation mechanisms in the glutathione antiradical system were established as were changes in morphofunctional and receptor properties of erythrocytes in chronic obstructive bronchitis. The patients were shown to have derived benefit from a combined treatment involving the use of the enzymic drug preparation Wobe-Mugos E which was found to make for improvement of rheological properties of erythrocytes, their capability of depositing and transporting catecholamines.

Topics: Adult; Bronchitis; Catecholamines; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Erythrocytes; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Humans; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Extracts; Papain; Rheology; Thymus Extracts; Trypsin

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Adult; Aged; Airway Obstruction; Asthma; Bicarbonates; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Deoxyribonucleases; Expectorants; Humans; Middle Aged; Peptide Hydrolases; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Emphysema; Sodium; Streptodornase and Streptokinase; Surface-Active Agents; Trypsin

Antileukoprotease, an inhibitor of granulocyte elastase, was studied in paired sera from 19 patients with pneumonia and from 9 patients with cholecystolithiasis. The circulating level of antileukoprotease was significantly higher in patients with pneumonia compared with patients with cholecystolithiasis. In the latter group, surgery raised the level of general acute phase reactants, but did not affect the level of antileukoprotease. In sera from patients with pneumonia, antileukoprotease was recovered in a free and active form, as shown by gel-filtration of sera before and after the addition of leukocyte elastase. A local protective function of antileukoprotease is suggested by the finding that antileukoprotease was bound to granulocyte elastase in purulent bronchial secretions.

Topics: Acute-Phase Proteins; Adult; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Blood Proteins; Bronchitis; Cholelithiasis; Chromatography, Gel; Chymotrypsin; Female; Humans; Male; Orosomucoid; Pancreatic Elastase; Pneumonia; Protease Inhibitors; Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory; Proteins; Sputum

The variability of sputum sol phase proteins was studied in 27 patients with stable chronic obstructive bronchitis. Within individual patients (n 1/2 11), variability over 5 consecutive days was similar for each of 4 proteins studied: average coefficient of variation (CV) for albumin was 39.8% for alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT), 32.1%, for alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (alpha 1ACh), 26.6%, and for immunoglobulin A (IgA), 35.1%. The calculation of sputum-to-serum ratios did not affect this variability. Between patients (all patients studied on a single day) the variability of sputum sol phase proteins was greater (CV: albumin 1/2 84.5%, alpha 1AT 1/2 90.1%, alpha 1ACh 1/2 58.3%, and IgA 1/2 71.6%) and was also unaffected by the use of sputum-to-serum concentration ratios. "Standardization" for albumin reduced the average within-patient variability for sputum alpha 1AT (CV from 32.1 to 19.7%) but it had no effect on alpha 1ACh and IgA. However, although between-patient CV for sputum alpha 1AT was also reduced (from 90.1 to 53.4%, 2 p less than 0.01) it significantly increased for alpha 1ACh (from 58.3 to 86.0%, 2 p less than 0.05) and IgA (71.6 to 170.1%, 2 p less than 0.001), suggesting that such standardization may be inappropriate for these proteins.

Topics: Aged; Albumins; alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Blood Proteins; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Colloids; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Male; Middle Aged; Proteins; Reference Standards; Sputum; Trypsin Inhibitors

Corticosteroids caused a reduction in the ratio of sol-phase sputum concentration to serum concentration of albumin in 12 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, suggesting a reduction in protein transudation. Alpha-1-antitrypsin values followed the same pattern as those of albumin in both the control and treatment periods, confirming the similar behaviour of the two proteins. The alpha 1-antichymotrypsin ratios were on average three times higher than those of albumin in the control period, confirming the presence of local mechanisms in the lung for preferentially concentrating this protein. The sputum-to-serum ratio of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, however, rose during steroid treatment with the result that there was a selective increase in this protease inhibitor, which may be of potential benefit to such patients.

Topics: alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Protease Inhibitors; Serum Albumin; Sputum

Selected parametres reflecting cellular and humoral immunity were analyzed in 98, 10 year-old children, who had been hospitalized during first 2 years of life because of bronchitis. In this group, 46 children suffered from obstructive bronchitis and 52 from other types of bronchitis. Serum immunoglobulins, complement components, and antiproteolytic factor levels, T and B lymphocytes counts, leukocyte migration inhibition, and skin tests to PHA and Polyvaccine were compared and analyzed in relation to bronchial obstruction and allergic symptoms in early childhood. The results obtained did not show any significant difference when the group with obstructive type of bronchitis was compared to the rest of children studied. Some differences (increase of the percentage of EAC-FRC and decrease of the levels of the antiproteolytic factors) were noted in relation to allergic symptoms.

Topics: alpha 1-Antitrypsin; alpha-Macroglobulins; Asthma; Bronchitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Chymotrypsin; Complement C3; Complement C4; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunoglobulins; Infant; Risk

Topics: alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; alpha-Macroglobulins; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Leukocytes; Pancreatic Elastase; Peptide Hydrolases; Protease Inhibitors; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sputum; Trypsin Inhibitors

alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor believed to be important for protecting tissues from proteolytic damage. Concentrations in the bronchial secretions might therefore be important in relation to the infective process. We studied the protein quantitatively and qualitatively in sputum from patients with bronchitis. In noninfected sputum the concentration of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin relative to protein albumin was 6.48 times higher than that in the serum, suggesting that local mechanisms exist to concentrate or produce this protein. In the presence of acute infections, increased protein transudation from the serum occurred. Although the absolute concentration of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin increased in the sputum, its concentration relative to albumin decreased to 2.09 times that in the serum. Two-dimensional electrophoretic studies of sputum alpha 1-antichymotrypsin showed varying proportions present as "complex," even in the noninfected samples. The electrophoretic mobility of the uncomplexed alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was generally the same as that of serum alpha 1-antichymotrypsin.

Topics: Albumins; alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional; Protein Binding; Respiratory Tract Infections; Sputum; Trypsin Inhibitors

Good therapeutic results free of unwanted side-effects were observed in the management of acute and chronic non-tubercular bronchopneumopathies with an association of tetracyclin hydrochloride, proteolytic enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin), vanillic acid diethylamide and pyridophyllin.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Lung Abscess; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Tetracycline; Trypsin

In the bronchial mucus of 40 patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases we measured proteolytic activities, the total protein concentrations, alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha1-antichymotrypsin, and the free and bound proteinase inhibitors together with the total proteinase inhibition against trypsin and chymotrypsin. Without exception we always found free proteinase inhibitors together with proteolytic activities. The free-to-bound inhibitor rate was approximately 1:1 alpha1-Antitrypsin and alpha1-antichymotrypsin was measured in sputum only in very low concentrations. One patient with alpha1-anti-trypsin deficiency had no alpha1-antitrypsin, but high concentrations of total proteinase inhibitor-free and bound being in the same relation - in his bronchial mucus. In the alveolar part of the lung, the humoral proteinase inhibitors were effective. In the bronchial part of the lung the specific mucosal inhibitors had the decided importance. The proteinase inhibition of the mucosa-specific inhibitors is probably of great importance for the pathogenesis of airway obstruction, while the humoral proteinase inhibitors are responsible for the pathogenesis of emphysema.

Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Middle Aged; Mucous Membrane; Mucus; Protease Inhibitors; Proteins; Pulmonary Emphysema; Sputum; Syndrome; Trypsin Inhibitors

An analysis of the plasma proteins in the sol phase of sputum was carried out using quantitative cross immunoelectrophoresis. The average concentrations of nine plasma proteins were estimated in the sol phase of sputum specimens from 30 patients with chronic bronchitis and the values were compared with the concentrations of these proteins in saliva and serum specimens from the same group of patients. The results showed that alpha(1) antichymotrypsin and IgA concentrations were higher in the sol phase of sputum than would be expected if their presence were due entirely to passive transudation.

Topics: alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Alpha-Globulins; Animals; Beta-Globulins; Blood Proteins; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Female; Glycoproteins; Haptoglobins; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Middle Aged; Rabbits; Saliva; Serum Albumin; Sputum; Transferrin

Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Expectorants; Humans; Male; Oleandomycin; Piperazines; Tetracycline; Theophylline

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aerosols; Aged; Asthma; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Deoxyribonucleases; Female; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Lung Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Ribonucleases; Trypsin

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Aniline Compounds; Asthma; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Expectorants; Humans; Oxytetracycline; Sputum; Toluene

Topics: Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Child; Child, Preschool; Chymotrypsin; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Pediatrics; Respiratory Tract Infections; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Tetracycline; Trypsin

Topics: Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Child; Child, Preschool; Chymotrypsin; Female; Humans; Infant; Lymphadenitis; Male; Pharyngitis; Respiratory Tract Infections; Tetracycline; Trypsin

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Cystic Fibrosis; Electrolytes; Feces; Female; Heterozygote; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Parotid Gland; Sweat Glands; Trypsin

Topics: Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Trypsin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Antitussive Agents; Bronchitis; Bronchitis, Chronic; Chloramphenicol; Chymotrypsin; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Penicillins; Pneumococcal Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Trypsin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antitubercular Agents; Asthma; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Chymotrypsin; Empyema; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Kanamycin; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Peptide Hydrolases; Pleurisy; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Emphysema; Respiratory System; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Aerosols; Air Pollution; Aminophylline; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Body Weight; Bronchitis; Bronchitis, Chronic; Bronchodilator Agents; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chymotrypsin; Cysteine; Emphysema; Heart Failure; Isoproterenol; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Parasympatholytics; Pulmonary Emphysema; Respiratory Insufficiency; Smoking; Sputum; Sulfonamides; Sympathomimetics; Therapeutics

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Cysteine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mucoproteins; Sputum; Viscosity

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Antitussive Agents; Atropine; Balneology; Bronchitis; Bronchitis, Chronic; Chymotrypsin; Climate; Cortisone; Cysteine; Dyspnea; Ephedrine; Exercise Therapy; Heart Diseases; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Theophylline; Trypsin; Vaccination

Topics: Asthma; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Drug Therapy; Emphysema; Heart Failure; Humans; Peptide Hydrolases; Pulmonary Emphysema; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Sputum; Trypsin; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Viscosity

Topics: Asthma; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Lung Abscess; Peptide Hydrolases; Pneumonia; Trypsin

Topics: Asthma; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Humans; Nasopharynx; Otitis Media; Otolaryngology; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Atrophic; Sinusitis; Tracheitis; Trypsin

Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Antipyretics; Aspirin; Bronchitis; Child; Chymotrypsin; Fever; Humans; Infant; Pediatrics; Pharyngitis; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Tonsillitis; Virus Diseases

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Antigens; Antigens, Bacterial; Asthma; Bronchitis; Chloramphenicol; Chronic Disease; Chymotrypsin; Demeclocycline; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enterobacter aerogenes; Erythromycin; Humans; Isoproterenol; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Sputum; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Sulfisoxazole; Tetracycline

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Asthma; Bronchial Diseases; Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Common Cold; Ephedrine; Epinephrine; Humans; Iodine; Sulfur

Topics: Asthma; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Child; Chymotrypsin; Common Cold; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Pediatrics; Pneumonia; Whooping Cough

Topics: Antibodies; Asthma; Beta-Globulins; Blood Group Antigens; Bronchitis; Chromatography; Chymotrypsin; Dialysis; Electrophoresis; Fucose; Glycoproteins; Hexosamines; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Mucous Membrane; Mucus; Neuraminic Acids; Pentoses; Pepsin A; Renal Dialysis; Serum Globulins; Sputum; Transferrin; Trypsin; Urea

Topics: Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Sputum; Viscosity

Topics: Bronchitis; Bronchitis, Chronic; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Isoproterenol; Sympathomimetics

Topics: Bronchitis; Chymotrypsin; Drug Combinations; Hematologic Tests; Pulmonary Emphysema; Trypsin

Topics: Bronchitis; Bronchitis, Chronic; Chymotrypsin; Family Practice; General Practice; Particulate Matter; Respiratory Therapy; Silicones; Sympathomimetics

Topics: Bronchitis; Bronchitis, Chronic; Chymotrypsin; Deoxyribonucleases; DNA; Humans; Sputum; Viscosity