alpha-chymotrypsin and Anaphylaxis

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Burns; Chymotrypsin; Deoxyribonucleases; Drug Eruptions; Empyema; Hemothorax; Humans; Lung Abscess; Osteomyelitis; Peptide Hydrolases; Pyoderma; Streptodornase and Streptokinase; Trypsin

The objective of this study was to examine the in vivo and in vitro gonadotropin-inhibiting potencies, edematogenic activities and the receptor binding affinities of the D-Cit6, D,L-Cit6 and L-Cit6 forms of the LH-RH antagonist Cetrorelix (SB-75) [Ac-D-Nal(2)1,D-Phe(4Cl)2,D-Pal(3)3,D-Cit6,D-Ala10]LH- RH. In order to demonstrate the suppressive effects of two different diastereomers of SB-75 and their racemic mixture on LH and FSH release, [D-Cit6] SB-75 was injected subcutaneously in doses of 2.5 and 10 micrograms/rat, [D,L-Cit6]-SB-75 in doses of 5 and 20 micrograms/rat and [L-Cit6] SB-75 in doses of 12.5 and 50 micrograms/rat to castrated male rats. Two hours after administration, there was no difference in LH levels between rats injected with the L-form and control animals, indicating a low activity and/or a rapid enzymatic degradation of this peptide. The (1:1) diastereomeric mixture was only about half as potent in suppression of LH release compared to [D-Cit6] SB-75. Serum FSH levels were suppressed significantly (p < 0.01) for more than 48 h after the administration of 10 micrograms [D-Cit6] SB-75 and 20 micrograms of [D,L-Cit6] SB-75, respectively. [D-Cit6] SB-75 administered at a dose of 2 micrograms/rat induced 100% inhibition of ovulation, while 4 micrograms/rat of the D,L-Cit6 peptide were necessary to produce the same effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chymotrypsin; Citrulline; Edema; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Gonadotropins; Hormone Antagonists; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Ovulation; Pronase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Pituitary Hormone; Structure-Activity Relationship; Subtilisins

A new potent inhibitor of complement system, named complestatin, was isolated from the mycelium of Streptomyces lavendulae SANK 60477. Complestatin (C61H45N7O15Cl6, MW 1,325) was a peptide compound having two unusual amino acids, D-(-)-4-hydroxyphenylglycine and D-(-)-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenylglycine. This compound inhibited the hemolysis of sensitized sheep erythrocytes (EA) mediated by guinea pig and human complement 50% at concentrations of 0.4 and 0.7 micrograms/ml, respectively, but did not trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin activities at 200 micrograms/ml. When complestatin was administered intravenously to the sensitized guinea pigs, it strongly inhibited the systemic anaphylactic shock elicited by the antigen probably by blocking generation of anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a).

Topics: Amino Acids; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chlorophenols; Chymotrypsin; Complement Activation; Complement Inactivator Proteins; Erythrocytes; Fermentation; Guinea Pigs; Hemolysis; Peptides, Cyclic; Streptomyces; Trypsin

To obtain better arterio grafts, we prepared three samples from adventitia of swine carotid arteries, and their antigenicity was studied with immunological procedures. Sample I was prepared from swine carotid arteries, by eliminating the extraneous fat and connective tissues. Sample II was prepared from Sample I by treatment with chymotrypsin, and Sample III was prepared from Sample II by treatment with 3% glutaraldehyde for 14 days. From the three samples, the water soluble protein fractions were extracted, and abbreviated as E-I, E-II and E-III, respectively. Immunopharmacological tests in guinea pigs and rabbits including active and passive anaphylaxis, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, Schultz-Dale test and Arthus's phenomenon among these extracts revealed cross reactions between E-I and E-II. Also, precipitin test and Ouchterlony's method, precipitation was observed between E-I and E-II, and it was suggested that there might be at least a common antigen between E-I and E-II. The rabbits which had been implanted subcutaneously at the back with the minced Sample I evoked severe reactions and died after intravenous injection of E-I at the 3rd or 5th month after implantation. No reaction was observed between Sample III and E-III in the same experiment. From the above results, it was suggested that the antigenicity of swine carotid arteries could be eliminated by the treatment with chymotrypsin and glutaraldehyde.

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antigens; Carotid Arteries; Chymotrypsin; Cross Reactions; Glutaral; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rabbits; Swine; Transplantation, Heterologous

Preparations of ECF-A derived from anaphylactic guinea-pig lung diffusates were subjected to a variety of enzymatic degradations. The enzymes employed had specificityonly for their appropiate subtstates. No effect was found following treatmentwith relatively high doses of trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, pronase, alkaline phosphataseand sialidase. In contrast a loss of activity was demonstated in a dose-dependent fashion following incubation with tyrosinase, aryl sulphatase and leucine aminopeptidase, suggesting that ECF-A contains a phenolic hydroxyl group, a sulphate ester anda peptide linkage with a free alpha-amino group.

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Catechol Oxidase; Chemotaxis; Chymotrypsin; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eosinophils; Guinea Pigs; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Lung; Neuraminidase; Peptides; Phenols; Pronase; Sulfatases; Sulfates; Trypsin

The experiments reported here indicate that, when exposed to insulin, viable lymphocytes rapidly released into the incubation medium a factor capable of increasing the dextran-induced anaphylactoid reaction, but having no effect on the inflammatory response evoked by 5-HT. This pro-inflammatory factor was shown to be elaborated by cell suspensions derived from lymph nodes of rats, rabbits, pigs or calves as well as from human tonsils. Thymus cells showed no such activity. The pro-inflammatory factor was termed as anaphylactoid-inflammation-promoting factor (AIPF). Its production depended upon the dose of insulin, and the time of exposure. AIPF was found to have an elution pattern in Sephadex G-100 gels similar to that of BSA (67,000 daltons). The activity was abolished by heat or incubation with DNase or a-chymotrypsin, but was not influenced by RNase. AIPF by itself did not induce increased vascular permeability, and proved to be distinct from the permeability factors present in the lysate of lymph node cells.

Topics: Adrenalectomy; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Capillary Permeability; Cattle; Cell-Free System; Chromatography; Chromatography, Gel; Chymotrypsin; Creatinine; Deoxyribonucleases; Dextrans; Edema; Hindlimb; Insulin; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocytes; Lymphokines; Palatine Tonsil; Rabbits; Rats; Ribonucleases; Serotonin; Species Specificity; Swine; Thymus Gland

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Chymotrypsin; Glucocorticoids; Guinea Pigs; Histamine Release; Hydrocortisone; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Oxygen Consumption; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Phenylbutazone; Phospholipases; Polymyxins; Pyrimidines; Rats; Resorcinols; Sodium Salicylate; Spectrophotometry; Temperature; Thiosulfates; Time Factors

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antigens; Chymotrypsin; Cytochromes; Desensitization, Immunologic; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Saccharomyces

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chymotrypsin; Dibenzazepines

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Antigens; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Fibrillation; Chymotrypsin; Coronary Disease; Dogs; Drug Hypersensitivity; Electrocardiography; Esterases; Fibrinolysin; Heart Conduction System; Heart Diseases; Horses; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin G; Injections, Intravenous; Papain; Penicillins; Peptide Hydrolases; Rabbits; Stimulation, Chemical; Trypsin; Tuberculin

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Aprotinin; Cattle; Chymotrypsin; Egg White; Electrophoresis; Glycine max; Lung; Magnesium Oxide; Molecular Weight; Protease Inhibitors; Spectrum Analysis; Ultraviolet Rays

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Edema; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Hydrolases; Injections, Intramuscular

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Arthus Reaction; Chemical Precipitation; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Chromatography; Chymotrypsin; Electrophoresis; Endopeptidases; Enzyme Inhibitors; Inflammation; Metabolism; Papain; Protease Inhibitors; Rabbits; Research; Skin; Trypsin; Ultracentrifugation

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Cattle; Chymotrypsin; Cricetinae; Edetic Acid; Esterases; Factor V; Guinea Pigs; Heparin; Histamine Release; Horses; Hot Temperature; Immune Sera; Lagomorpha; Magnesium; Mast Cells; Mice; Oximes; Phlorhizin; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Rats; Research; Sheep; Sheep, Domestic; Swine

Topics: Aminophylline; Aminosalicylic Acid; Aminosalicylic Acids; Anaphylaxis; Betamethasone; Chymotrypsin; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy; Epinephrine; Eye; Hydrocortisone; Injections, Intramuscular; Isoniazid; Prednisolone; Retinal Hemorrhage; Skin Tests; Toxicology; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Ocular

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antibodies; Chymotrypsin; Lagomorpha; Lipase; Papain; Pharmacology; Phenols; Rabbits; Research; Solvents; Spleen; Surface-Active Agents; Trypsin; Urea

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Otitis Media; Toxicology

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Histamine Release; Isoflurophate; Mast Cells; Peptide Hydrolases; Pharmacology; Pyrroles; Rats; Research

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Antibodies; Carboxylesterase; Chymotrypsin; Enzyme Inhibitors; Esterases; Hematologic Tests; Histamine Release; Immunoglobulins; Mast Cells; Rats; Research

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Chymotrypsin; Esterases; Hematologic Tests; Kallikreins; Lagomorpha; Peptide Hydrolases; Pharmacology; Rabbits; Research; Saliva

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Hypersensitivity; Obstetrics

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Hypersensitivity

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases; Water

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Chymotrypsin; Hematologic Tests; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases; Medical Records