almitrine--raubasine-drug-combination and Brain-Ischemia

Topics: Almitrine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Drug Combinations; Hypoxia, Brain; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperazines; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids; Treatment Outcome; Yohimbine

Topics: Almitrine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebral Arteries; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Gerbillinae; Humans; Piperazines; Rabbits; Rats; Yohimbine

Topics: Almitrine; Brain Ischemia; Drug Combinations; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperazines; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids; Yohimbine

Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Almitrine; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen Consumption; Piperazines; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Yohimbine

Topics: Almitrine; Brain Ischemia; Drug Combinations; Humans; Piperazines; Yohimbine

Topics: Aged; Almitrine; Attention; Brain Ischemia; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Memory; Middle Aged; Piperazines; Risk Factors; Yohimbine

The effects of ischaemia on nervous tissue and cerebral capillary vessel ultrastructure and their prevention by Duxil were studied in rabbits. Ischaemia induced by bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries induced minor changes in the endothelium of some capillary vessels: irregularities in the luminal surface with subsequent increase in the number of caveolae, increase in the number and size of membrane microvillosities and bullae, and retraction of the nuclei. Ischaemia acted mainly on astrocyte processes and perikarion which became shollen with altered mitochondria and complete absence of glycogen. The neurons remained normal but seemed to contain slightly more lysosomes. After administration of Duxil 10 min before ischaemia was induced, there were no endothelial changes; the astrocytes were less swollen and above all, their glycogen content was preserved; there seemed to be less lysosomes in the neurons. The effects of Duxil on cell oxygenation and oxidative metabolism may account for its protective action on endothelial, glial and neural cells.

Topics: Acute Disease; Almitrine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Microscopy, Electron; Piperazines; Rabbits; Telencephalon; Time Factors; Yohimbine

Unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery of gerbils results in cerebral edema and ipsilateral hemiparesia ending in death. The clinical symptoms of this experimental ischaemia can be quantified. Comparison of untreated gerbils and gerbils treated with Duxil showed that the drug reduces the neuropathological symptoms and cerebral edema induced by ischaemia and improves the vital prognosis in these animals.

Topics: Almitrine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Gerbillinae; Piperazines; Time Factors; Yohimbine

The effects of ischaemia on the arterial wall were studied in fragments of common carotid artery taken downstream from the occlusion. They consisted of intracytoplasmic or intrajunctional lacunae, vacuoles, craters, detachment or disruption of cell membranes with formation of blebs or bullae, retraction of numerous nuclei, swelling of the ergastoplasm and perhaps increase in pinocytosis. The administration of Duxil, a corrector of metabolism, 10 min prior to inducing ischaemia resulted in considerable reduction of these lesions as compared to untreated animals.

Topics: Acute Disease; Almitrine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Arteries; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Endothelium; Microscopy, Electron; Piperazines; Rabbits; Yohimbine