allopurinol and Urinary-Tract-Infections

Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Allopurinol; Diet Therapy; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Administration, Oral; Age Factors; Allopurinol; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bicarbonates; Cystine; Diet Therapy; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Oxalates; Phosphates; Postoperative Complications; Sex Factors; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections

The aim of this study was to evaluate if xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase levels quantitation method may alternate routine culture method, which takes more time in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.. Five hundred and forty-nine outpatients who had admitted to Clinic Microbiology Laboratory were included in the study. The microorganisms were identified by using VITEK System. The urine specimens that were negative from the quantitative urine culture were used as controls. The activities of MPO and XO in spot urine were measured by spectrophotometric method.. Through the urine cultures, 167 bacteria were isolated from 163 urine specimens; 386 cultures yielded no bacterial growth. E. coli was the most frequent pathogen. In infection with E. coli both XO and MPO levels were increased the most. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for XO were 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. These values for MPO were 87%, 100%, 100%, and 94%, respectively.. These data obtained suggest that urine XO and MPO levels may be new markers in the early detection of UTI.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Child; Child, Preschool; Early Diagnosis; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Peroxidase; Proteinuria; Sensitivity and Specificity; Urinary Tract Infections; Xanthine Oxidase; Young Adult

It is well known that antioxidants and reactive oxygen species play an important role in carcinogenesis. In this study, we attempted to evaluate antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in cancerous bladder tissue and to determine their relationship with bacterial infection. Bacterial culture was made from all urine samples using Blood and Eosin Methylene Blue agars for checking the presence of bacterial infections. We measured thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) and activities of xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and catalase (CAT) in cancerous tissues of 25 bladder cancer patients, in noncancerous adjacent bladder tissues of 13 out of these 25 patients, and in control bladder tissues of 15 patients with a non-neoplastic genitourinary disease. TBARs levels increased and XO, SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT activities decreased significantly in cancerous bladder tissues. TBARS, XO, and SOD levels were not significantly different between noncancerous adjacent tissue and control bladder tissue. Statistically significantly lower GSH-PX and higher CAT activities were observed in noncancerous adjacent bladder tissue compared with cancerous tissue. GSH-PX level of tumor tissue was correlated significantly with tumor grade (r=-0.425, P=0.034). Results suggested that pathway activity of free radicals were accelerated in the cancerous human bladder tissues via increased TBARs levels and decreased enzyme activities of XO, SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT, which implicated a severe exposure of cancerous tissues to oxidative stress.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antioxidants; Bacterial Infections; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Female; Glutathione Peroxidase; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Middle Aged; Statistics, Nonparametric; Superoxide Dismutase; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urinary Tract Infections; Xanthine Oxidase

A Japanese boy with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome who passed xanthine calculi is reported. After pyelolithotomy for a left renal stone, made up of ammonium urate, associated with urinary tract infection, a high dose of allopurinol was given because of the persistence of pyuria. In the present case, the administration of a high dose of allopurinol, given for the prevention of ammonium urate stone formation in infected urine, induced xanthine calculi formation and we had difficulty in the management of this patient with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome associated with urinary tract infection. However, we believe it a basic necessity to cure our patient of his urinary tract infection and prevent recurrent ammonium urate stone formation because of the risk of renal deterioration.

Topics: Allopurinol; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Enterococcus faecalis; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Male; Proteus Infections; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Streptococcal Infections; Uric Acid; Urinary Tract Infections; Xanthine; Xanthines

Topics: Adult; Allopurinol; Calcium; Female; Humans; Magnesium; Male; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Phosphates; Recurrence; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections

Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was found to be negligible in sterile human urines (less than 480 units, as presently defined, per litre). Significant XO activity was found in all urines containing more than 10(5) bacteria/ml, except for urines infected with Staphylococcus aureus, in which XO activity ranged from 347 to 714 units per litre. Plasma XO is not transferred to the urine, as demonstrated by the negligible XO activity found in sterile urines from patients with raised plasma XO activity. Determination of urinary XO activity is a suitable procedure for the detection of urinary tract infection.

Topics: Bacteriuria; Humans; Urinary Tract Infections; Xanthine Oxidase

Topics: Alkalies; Allopurinol; Ammonia; Calcium; Cystine; Dehydration; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Magnesium; Phosphates; Phosphorus; Thiazines; Uric Acid; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Allopurinol; Anemia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Infant; Intellectual Disability; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Neurologic Manifestations; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Allopurinol; Calcium; Creatinine; Cystinuria; Diuresis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Magnesium; Metabolic Diseases; Methylene Blue; Oxalates; Penicillamine; Phosphates; Uric Acid; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine; Water-Electrolyte Balance