allopurinol and Hyperparathyroidism

Calcium stones arise from imbalances between urinary excretions of insoluble salts and water. Idiopathic hypercalciuria and hyperparathyroidism are the calcium disorders usually associated with elevated levels of calcium in the urine. Renal tubular acidosis is associated with a disordered acid-base status that results in low urine citrate. Hypocitraturia itself is a cause of calcium stones because it leaves urine calcium free to complex with either oxalate or phosphate. Elevated urine oxalate is commonly associated with dietary excesses, bowel disease, and, rarely, primary hyperoxaluria. Hyperuricosuria, usually of dietary origin, when reversed can cause a fall in new calcium stones.

Topics: Allopurinol; Antimetabolites; Benzothiadiazines; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diuretics; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Prognosis; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Urinary Calculi

Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Allopurinol; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Cystinuria; Diuretics; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Calculi; Magnesium; Magnesium Compounds; Oxalates; Penicillamine; Phosphates; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Struvite; Uric Acid

Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Bacterial Infections; Citrates; Crystallization; Cystinuria; Diphosphates; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Magnesium; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Mucoproteins; Oxalates; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Sarcoidosis; Solubility; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi; Vitamin D; Xanthine Oxidase

Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Allopurinol; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Cystinuria; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Calculi; Magnesium Oxide; Male; Medullary Sponge Kidney; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Methylene Blue; Penicillamine; Phosphates; Urinary Calculi; Xanthine Oxidase

Topics: Allopurinol; Bile Acids and Salts; Calcium; Diuretics; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney; Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome; Purines; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi

Over the past 15 years we have developed a protocol for evaluation and medical management of urinary calculi that has proved quite effective. For all patients we include plain x-ray films of the urinary tract, intravenous pyelograms, urine cultures and sensitivity studies, serum and 24-hour urinary chemical determinations, and analysis of any stones recovered. Although the cause of calcium stones, the most common type of urinary calculi, has not been established, specific treatment regimens have been devised. Maintenance of a dilute urine remains the mainstay of therapy, and diuretics, alkalinizing or acidifying agents, and various specific drugs may be indicated, depending on laboratory findings. Surgery is not indicated unless the stone is large, is in the upper part of the urinary tract, or shows no signs of movement.

Topics: Allopurinol; Benzothiadiazines; Diet; Diuretics; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Calculi; Phosphates; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors

Topics: Allopurinol; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Gout; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Osteitis; Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica; Parathyroid Glands; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Radiography; Vitamin D

Topics: Allopurinol; Apatites; Calcium; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Male; Sex Factors; Uric Acid; Urinary Calculi

Topics: Adult; Aged; Allopurinol; Female; Gout; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Tubules; Male; Middle Aged; Uric Acid; Uricosuric Agents; Urinary Calculi