allopurinol and Alcoholic-Intoxication

A significant decrease in myocardial creatine kinase (CK) activity is apparent 2 hr after an acute ethanol load (2.3 g/kg, i.p.) in the rat. A lower dose (1.15 g/kg, i.p.), as well as ethanol addition in vitro up to 50 mM, do not affect this activity. Pretreatment with allopurinol (146 mumols/kg, i.p.) given at 16 hr and at 30 min before ethanol (2.3 g/kg) or with desferrioxamine (152 mumols/kg, i.p.) 30 min before ethanol failed to prevent the ethanol-induced decrease in CK activity. By contrast, propranolol (17 mumols/kg, i.p.), administered 30 min before ethanol elicited an enhanced CK activity in both control and ethanol-treated rats. This finding is likely related to the beta-blocking action and/or antioxidant properties of propranolol. Chronic ethanol intake (18% in calories) for 4 weeks also induced a decrease in myocardial CK activity, which could play a role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholic Intoxication; Allopurinol; Animals; Creatine Kinase; Deferoxamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

The status of xanthine oxidase in ethanol-induced liver injury has been investigated in the rat, by acute and chronic ethanol treatments. A 38% increase of the enzyme O-form was observed after repeated ethanol administration. Chronic intoxication caused a significant decrease of total xanthine oxidase activity after both prolonged ethanol feeding and life span ethanol ingestion. The intermediate D/O-form of xanthine oxidase (that can act either as an oxidase or as a dehydrogenase, being able to react with O2 as well as with NAD+ as electron acceptor) increased 5.5-fold after prolonged ethanol feeding.

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Female; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Xanthine Oxidase

Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Adenosine Triphosphate; Alcoholic Intoxication; Catalase; D-Amino-Acid Oxidase; DNA; Ethanol; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Liver; Pancreas; Phosphates; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phosphorus, Dietary; Rats; Research; RNA; Sodium Chloride; Xanthine Oxidase