all-bond-2 and Dental-Leakage

To assess the cuspal deflection and cervical microleakage of standardised Class II cavities incrementally filled with a dimethacrylate RBC or bulk-fill flowable RBC bases.. Twenty-four sound upper premolar teeth with Class II cavities were allocated to three groups (n=8). Restoration of the teeth involved the placement of an RBC (GrandioSO) in eight oblique increments (Group A) or Groups B and C were restored to within 2 mm of the palatal cusp in a single increment with bulk-fill flowable RBC bases (SDR and x-tra base) before the two occlusal cavity increments were placed with GrandioSO. Buccal and palatal cusp deflections were recorded postirradiation using a twin channel deflection measuring gauge. Following restoration, the teeth were thermocycled, immersed in 0.2% basic fuchsin dye for 24h, sectioned and examined for cervical microleakage.. The mean total cuspal deflection for the oblique incremental restoration technique was 11.26 (2.56) μm (Group A) and 4.63 (1.19) μm (Group B) and 4.73 (0.99) μm (Group C) for the bulk-fill flowable RBC bases. A significant increase in the mean total cuspal deflection for the incrementally filled GrandioSO compared with the SDR (P=0.007) and x-tra base (P=0.005) restored teeth was evident. No significant difference in the cervical microleakage scores was recorded between groups AC (P>0.05).. The bulk-fill flowable RBC bases significantly reduced cuspal deflection compared with a conventional RBC restored in an oblique incremental filling technique with no associated change in cervical microleakage recorded.

Topics: Bicuspid; Coloring Agents; Composite Resins; Curing Lights, Dental; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Leakage; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Rosaniline Dyes; Stress, Mechanical; Temperature; Time Factors; Tooth Crown

Despite recent advances in adhesive dentistry, fiber-reinforced post/resin cement/dentin adhesive combinations are not able to prevent microleakage. While studies have examined microleakage in endodontically treated teeth restored with posts and cores, microleakage among post and adhesive systems remains a concern.. This study compared the sealing properties of 4 adhesively luted post systems: glass fiber, quartz-glass fiber, zirconia-glass fiber and polyethylene fiber posts.. Forty-eight permanent maxillary central incisors were divided into 4 groups (n=12). Post space was prepared and each post was adhesively luted with 1 of 3 systems: a 1-stage self-etch, a 2-stage total-etch, and a 3-stage total-etch adhesive. The specimens were separately immersed in freshly prepared 2% methylene blue solution for 1 week. The cleaned specimens were then embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin. The teeth were horizontally sectioned into apical, middle, and coronal portions. An occlusal view of each section was digitally photographed with a stereomicroscope. The methylene blue-infiltrated surface for each specimen was measured and data were collected with software. Dye penetration was estimated as the ratio of the methylene blue-infiltrated surface to the total dentin surface. Nonparametric data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=.05). The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compute multiple pairwise comparisons that identified differences among groups. Dentin-luting agent and post interfaces were evaluated with a scanning electron microscope.. Significant differences in adhesive and post systems were observed in all sectioned regions (P<.05). There were significant differences between the apical and coronal sections of each post type, and between the following pairs: middle versus coronal sections of zirconia-glass fiber and glass fiber posts and apical versus middle sections of quartz-glass fiber and polyethylene fiber posts (P<.05). No significant differences were found among post types. The variables of middle section and 3-stage adhesive produced significant differences in microleakage between the following post pairs: zirconia-glass fiber versus quartz-glass fiber, zirconia-glass fiber versus polyethylene fiber, and quartz-glass fiber versus polyethylene fiber (P<.05).. The 3-stage adhesive and zirconia-glass fiber posts demonstrated the least microleakage.

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Coloring Agents; Composite Resins; Crowns; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Porcelain; Dental Prosthesis Design; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Glass; Humans; Lithium Compounds; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Methylene Blue; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Polyethylene; Polyethylenes; Post and Core Technique; Quartz; Resin Cements; Surface Properties; Tooth Apex; Tooth, Nonvital; Zirconium

To evaluate the effects of cyclic loading on nanoleakage as a function of time at resin-dentin interfaces with and without removal of collagen.. Bovine flat mid-coronal dentin received one of the following surface treatments: (1) acid-etch or (2) acid etched+5% NaOCl for 2m. The teeth were then bonded with Single Bond (3M ESPE), Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (3M ESPE), One-Step Plus (Bisco) or All-Bond 2 (Bisco) adhesive systems and restored with Z250 composite. Half of the bonded teeth were randomly assigned to receive 200,000 cycles of loading at 50 N. Teeth were sectioned into 1 mm x 1 mm thick slices and stored in distilled water for 24h and 6 months. After water storage, beams were prepared for nanoleakage evaluation and observed under the SEM. Data were statistically analyzed using three-way ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test (p<0.05).. Use of NaOCl did not affect nanoleakage at the interface of all adhesive systems (p>0.05) when compared to their respective controls. After 6 months of immersion in water, except for One Step Plus, collagen-depleted groups and control groups presented similar leakage values. After cyclic loading, the deproteinized group revealed a higher degree of silver nitrate deposits when compared to the control group (p<0.05). All four adhesive systems presented a high degree of silver nitrate deposits after 6 months of water storage.. The hybrid layer is important as a stress-absorbing layer and it may not represent the weak link for initiation of the nanoleakage phenomenon.

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Animals; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Cattle; Collagen; Composite Resins; Dental Leakage; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Oxidants; Random Allocation; Resin Cements; Silver Staining; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties; Temperature; Time Factors; Water

The aim of this investigation was to compare the microleakage of composite resin (Z-100) and shear bond strength to bovine dentin using different types of adhesive systems (Scotch Bond Multi-Purpose, All-Bond 2, One-Step, and Perma Quick) to compare and correlate microleakage to shear bond strength. For the microleakage aspect of the study, 20 class V were prepared (bovine incisors) with 90-degree cavosurface margins and were located at the cemento-enamel junction using a template. Each dentin bonding system was applied to five cavities following the manufacturer's instructions and restored with Z-100 composite resin. After 24 hours of storage in distilled water at 37 degrees C, the teeth were immersed in 2% basic fuchsin dye. All teeth were sectioned in a mesiodistal direction using a diamond saw, and each section was then inspected under a stereomacroscope. For the shear bond strength aspect of the study, 20 bovine incisors were centrally horizontally mounted in Teflon mold with cold cure acrylic resin. Flat labial dentin surfaces were prepared using different grit silicon carbide abrasive wheels. Five specimens were used for each of the bonding agent systems. Each specimen was bonded with restorative composite resin (Z-100) and applied to the treated dentinal surface through a split Teflon mold. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The bonds were stressed using shear forces at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min using an Instron Universal testing machine. Findings indicate none of the systems tested in this study were free from microleakage. Scotch bond multi-purpose achieved the best seal, with One-Step being second best, while All-Bond 2 and Perma Quick had the poorest seal. However, there were significant differences among the shear bond strengths of the four bonding systems tested. Scotch Bond Multi-Purpose has a higher bond strength to composite resin when compared to the other dentin adhesives. The study also concluded there is no association between microleakage and shear bond strength.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cattle; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Resin Cements; Shear Strength; Silicon Dioxide; Statistics, Nonparametric; Zirconium

The effectiveness of the seal obtained with carbon fiber posts and composite cores is still unclear. Both 3-step dental adhesives and self-etching adhesive primers have been suggested as adhesive systems.. This confocal microscopic study evaluated the microleakage of teeth endodontically treated and restored with fiber posts and composites with 3 adhesive systems.. A total of 72 human mandibular premolars were endodontically treated and divided into 6 groups of 12 teeth each. The first 3 groups were treated with an endodontic sealer containing zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) and restored with temporary filling materials containing ZOE. The last 3 groups were treated with ZOE-free materials. Post spaces were prepared in the root canals. The first group treated with ZOE-based materials was restored with fiber posts cemented with zinc phosphate cement and composite cores without adhesive. The other 2 groups of ZOE-treated teeth were restored with fiber posts cemented with All Bond 2 and Panavia 21 dental adhesives, respectively. The last 3 groups were restored with fiber posts cemented with All Bond 2, Panavia 21, and Panavia Fluoro cement, respectively. The teeth were loaded intermittently at 2 cycles per second in a moist environment and, after 300,000 cycles, immersed in a solution of Rhodamine B dye for 48 hours. A confocal microscope was used to observe the teeth. The ratio between the length of the interfaces observed and the length of the dye penetration was evaluated. Two teeth from each group acted as controls and were not subjected to dynamic loads.. All resin cement groups leaked significantly less than the group cemented with zinc phosphate cement. No statistically significant difference was found between the microleakage of teeth treated with ZOE-based and non-ZOE-based materials. Teeth restored with All Bond 2 dental adhesive leaked significantly less than those restored with Panavia cement.. The 3-step dental adhesive (All Bond 2) resulted in a better marginal seal than that obtained with the self-etching primers (Panavia 21 and Panavia F). The use of endodontic sealers and temporary filling materials containing ZOE had no detrimental effect on the marginal seal of carbon fiber post/composite resin core restorations.

Topics: Adhesives; Bicuspid; Carbon; Chi-Square Distribution; Composite Resins; Dental Leakage; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Fluorescent Dyes; Humans; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Confocal; Phosphates; Post and Core Technique; Quartz; Resin Cements; Rhodamines; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Therapy; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stress, Mechanical; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; Zinc Phosphate Cement

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of three adhesive systems to seal dentin by measuring the permeability of dentin before and after bonding procedures.. Thirty-six flat dentin surfaces were prepared from human extracted teeth and connected to a fluid-filled system for permeability measurements. The hydraulic conductance of the flat occlusal surface of dentin was measured by the filtration technique, before and after application of ScotchBond MP Plus, Prime & Bond 2.0, and All-Bond 2. Bonding procedures were followed by P-50 resin composite application. The specimens were then perfused with silver nitrate to permit morphologic localization of microleakage pathways using SEM.. The results showed that the best dentin seal was produced by All-Bond 2, followed by Prime & Bond 2.0, and ScotchBond MP Plus. However, none of the three bonding systems tested was able to totally prevent the passage of fluid across the dentin in every specimen. When observed with SEM, each adhesive system exhibited different patterns of leakage.. The inability of all three materials to create a perfect seal in vitro raises concerns about the ability of these adhesive systems to provide completely sealed restorations in vivo. However, because the current study applied pressure 3 to 6 times higher than physiologically normal, it is likely that the leakage represents a worst-case scenario.

Topics: Adhesives; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Coloring Agents; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin; Dentin Permeability; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Filtration; Humans; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Polymethacrylic Acids; Pressure; Resin Cements; Silver Nitrate; Surface Properties

To evaluate multi-use bonding systems as the sole material for sealing pits and fissures, this study compared the performance of three adhesives (OptiBond, All-Bond 2 and Scotchbond MP Plus) with respect to microleakage. Each material was applied to 12 teeth with dry-etched surfaces, and to 12 teeth with contaminated-etched surfaces (1 microliter of human plasma). Each group of 12 sealed teeth was divided into three subgroups, and each of these was subjected either to thermal cycling (4,000 cycles at 5-55 degrees C), to thermal and load cycling (4,000 plus 300,000 cycles) or to no cycling. The teeth were placed in a 50% AgNO3 solution, rinsed, immersed in a developing solution and exposed to a fluorescent light. Subsequently, each of the 72 crowns was sectioned at three different positions, generating 432 cross-sections. The severity of dye penetration on each cross-section was evaluated by two methods. An ANOVA was used to assess the main effects of the three factors (product, surface condition and cycling), as well as for their interactions on the severity of microleakage. The results obtained under both evaluation methods demonstrated that OptiBond had the best performance under either dry or contaminated surfaces, while All-Bond 2 and Scotchbond MP Plus performed similarly, with greater microleakage intensity on contaminated etched enamel compared to OptiBond.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Leakage; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Linear Models; Methacrylates; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Resin Cements; Statistics, Nonparametric

The ability of a restorative material to bond and seal the interface with tooth structure is perhaps the most significant factor in determining resistance to marginal caries. Thus, the quality and durability of marginal seal and bond strength are major considerations in the selection of restorative materials. The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strength and marginal discrepancies of five adhesive systems: All-Bond 2, Clearfil Liner Bond, KB 200, ProBond and AELITE Bond. Twenty-five buccal and 25 lingual cavities were prepared in 25 caries-free extracted molar teeth, giving 10 cavities for each of the 5 adhesive systems. All teeth were restored with the resin composite Pertac Hybrid, or PRISMA Total Performance Hybrid with their appropriate adhesive systems. After restoration, the teeth were thermocycled, were stained with a 1.5% aqueous solution of a procion dye (reactive orange 14) and sectioned coronally with a saw microtome. Three sections of 200 microns thickness were prepared from each restoration which were then examined microscopically to measure marginal gap widths using a confocal tandem microscope. Shear bond strength measurements were carried out on the dentine bond using a universal testing machine. The All-Bond 2 adhesive system was found to have higher shear bond strength and to have the least gap width at the cementodentinal margin.

Topics: Adhesives; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Coloring Agents; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Caries; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Cementum; Dental Leakage; Dental Marginal Adaptation; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Confocal; Molar; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties; Thermodynamics; Triazines

We determined the relative shear bond strength (SBS) to dentine and cementum and the microleakage of All-Bond 2 universal dental adhesive and OptiBond multi-use filled adhesive. We found that for both systems the SBS increased significantly (p < 0.001) from 15 minutes to 24 hours and 7 days, but there was a slight significant (p < 0.001) weakening towards 30 days. At each time point the shear bond strength of All-Bond 2 and OptiBond were also compared and it was found that OptiBond had significantly higher values (p < 0.05) at all times except at 15 minutes. Optibond also had the lower value for the microleakage (p < 0.001). This study showed that OptiBond had significantly higher shear bond strengths to and lower microleakage in dentine which may increase the longevity of the material in the clinical situation.

Topics: Dental Leakage; Dentin; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Materials Testing; Methacrylates; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molar; Resin Cements; Stress, Mechanical; Surface Properties; Tensile Strength

To measure and compare the microleakage of Class V resin composite restorations using the following three pairs of multi- and simplified-step dentin bonding systems (DBS): OptiBond vs. OptiBond FL, All-Bond 2 vs. One-Step, and Tenure vs. Tenure Quik.. V-shaped cavities were prepared in the mesial and distal surfaces of 30 extracted human mandibular molars with margins in both enamel and cementum, and randomly assigned into three equal groups of 10 each. All DBSs were applied strictly following manufacturers' specifications before three incremental layers of resin composite (Pertac-Hybrid) were applied in all cavities. Specimens were stored for 7 days in 37 degrees C water, thermocycled for 300 cycles between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C, immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution for 24 hours, and embedded in resin before being sectioned longitudinally in multiple sections. Dye solution penetration at the tooth/composite interface was scored from 0 to 4 under a microscope at x100 at both enamel (E) and cementum (C) margins. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests with alpha = 0.05.. OptiBond FL and One-Step showed less microleakage at the cementum margins compared to their multi-step versions. At the enamel margins Tenure Quik showed less microleakage compared to Tenure, and none of the other DBSs tested showed significant dye penetration at that interface. All DBSs showed significantly less microleakage at the enamel margins compared to the cementum margins except for OptiBond FL and One-Step that did not show any significant dye penetration at the cementum margins as well.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Methacrylates; Resin Cements; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tooth Cervix

To evaluate the effectiveness of the dentin bonding systems (DBS) Tenure, Syntac, Amalgambond and All-Bond 2 using a resin-lined amalgam technique in preventing short-term microleakage in Class V cavity preparations restored with a spherical and an admixed alloy.. Class V cavity preparations were made on the mesial and distal surfaces of non-carious human mandibular molars with the occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in cementum. Prepared teeth were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups (n = 10) consisting of each DBS, no liner and Copalite for both amalgam alloys. Samples were thermocycled, stained and sectioned to evaluate microleakage.. The DBS-lined restorations had significantly less microleakage at both occlusal and gingival margins than the Copalite and unlined restorations. Among DBS, Syntac had significantly more microleakage with both alloys than either All-Bond 2 or Amalgambond. These results do not totally correlate to a previous study which used the same experimental design but included viscous liners in addition to the same DBS, indicating a potential difference between resin-lined versus resin-bonded amalgam techniques in preventing microleakage.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Dental Alloys; Dental Amalgam; Dental Bonding; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Leakage; Dental Materials; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Humans; Methacrylates; Resin Cements; Resins, Plant; Statistics, Nonparametric