aldosterone and Obesity studies

Obesity: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Decreases in aldosterone were associated with decreases in C-reactive protein, leptin, insulin, homeostasis assessment of insulin resistance, heart rate, tonic cardiac sympathovagal balance and increases in adiponectin (all P<0."	9.17	Changes in serum aldosterone are associated with changes in obesity-related factors in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. ( Barinas-Mitchell, E; Conroy, MB; Cooper, JN; Evans, RW; Fried, L; Mori Brooks, M; Sutton-Tyrrell, K; Tepper, P; Woodard, GA, 2013)
"Emerging evidence suggests the presence of a mechanistic link in which the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin stimulates aldosterone production in obesity, thereby creating a positive feedback loop for obesity-associated cardiovascular disease."	8.98	The regulation of aldosterone secretion by leptin: implications in obesity-related cardiovascular disease. ( Belin de Chantemèle, EJ; Bruder-Nascimento, T; Faulkner, JL, 2018)
"We have investigated the possible involvement of endogenous corticosteroids in the maintenance of hypertension in aged lean and obese Zucker rats using the type II corticosteroid antagonist mifepristone."	7.69	Effects of the glucocorticoid II receptor antagonist mifepristone on hypertension in the obese Zucker rat. ( Clapham, JC; Turner, NC, 1997)
"The relationship between atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), the renin-aldosterone axis, and blood pressure reduction with weight loss was investigated in 18 obese subjects (five hypertensive and 13 normotensive) placed on a 12-week, low-sodium (40 mmol), weight-reducing diet."	7.67	Weight reduction decreases atrial natriuretic factor and blood pressure in obese patients. ( McMurray, RW; Vesely, DL, 1989)
"Aldosterone excretion was determined by 24 h urine (24h-UAldo) collected at randomization and after 6 months of follow-up."	6.84	Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on aldosterone excretion in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and resistant hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. ( Cavalcanti, AH; Cortez, AF; de Souza, F; Margallo, V; Muxfeldt, ES; Salles, GF, 2017)
"In addition, obesity is accompanied by increased signaling through the leptin receptor, which can promote activation of both the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system and can directly stimulate the secretion of aldosterone."	6.58	Leptin-Aldosterone-Neprilysin Axis: Identification of Its Distinctive Role in the Pathogenesis of the Three Phenotypes of Heart Failure in People With Obesity. ( Packer, M, 2018)
"Obese subjects often exhibit hyperaldosteronism, with increased salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP)."	6.53	The Role of Aldosterone in Obesity-Related Hypertension. ( Fujita, T; Kawarazaki, W, 2016)
"Obesity is a serious health hazard with rapidly increasing prevalence in the United States."	6.53	Obesity, hypertension and aldosterone: is leptin the link? ( Bollag, WB; Xie, D, 2016)
"Obesity is a multifactorial disease associated with hypertension."	6.52	Reviving the use of aldosterone inhibitors in treating hypertension in obesity. ( Belin De Chantemèle, EJ; Huby, AC, 2015)
"Other than treatment for weight loss, treatment of hypertension with specific antihypertensive medications that block or reduce aldosterone action are appropriate in obese patients."	6.50	Increased aldosterone: mechanism of hypertension in obesity. ( Flynn, C, 2014)
"Obesity is epidemic and is associated with increased blood pressure, which often manifests as treatment-resistant hypertension."	6.50	A critical review of the evidence supporting aldosterone in the etiology and its blockade in the treatment of obesity-associated hypertension. ( Brook, RD; Byrd, JB, 2014)
"In addition, insulin resistance is not limited to classic insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle, but it also affects the cardiovascular system, where it participates in the development of CVD and CKD."	6.46	Salt, aldosterone, and insulin resistance: impact on the cardiovascular system. ( Dhuper, S; Johnson, MS; Lastra, G; Sowers, JR, 2010)
"Overweight and obesity are associated with arterial hypertension."	6.44	The association of aldosterone with obesity-related hypertension and the metabolic syndrome. ( Bochud, M; Burnier, M; Vogt, B, 2007)
"Features of visceral obesity and obstructive sleep apnea that may stimulate aldosterone secretion are described here."	6.44	Obesity, sleep apnea, aldosterone, and hypertension. ( Goodfriend, TL, 2008)
"Aldosterone was associated with various markers of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, which partly differed from the associations observed for renin."	5.56	Vasculometabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Aldosterone in Obesity. ( Danser, AHJ; de Graaf, J; Deinum, J; Joosten, LAB; Netea, MG; Riksen, NP; Rutten, J; Schraa, K; Ter Horst, R; van den Munckhof, ICL; van der Heijden, CDCC, 2020)
"Chronic HFD exposure further promoted hyperinsulinemia in ASKO mice that contributed to visceral fat accumulation accompanied by reduced lipolysis, thermogenic reprogramming, and the absence of weight-gain-related EE increases."	5.48	Aldosterone deficiency in mice burdens respiration and accentuates diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and obesity. ( Faresse, N; Henneberg, M; Langhans, W; Liao, WH; Odermatt, A; Pacheco Lopez, G; Steuer, AE; Suendermann, C, 2018)
"Prospective studies indicate that hyperaldosteronism is found in 20% of patients with resistant hypertension."	5.43	Body Mass Index Predicts 24-Hour Urinary Aldosterone Levels in Patients With Resistant Hypertension. ( Calhoun, DA; Dudenbostel, T; Ghazi, L; Li, P; Liu, M; Oparil, S, 2016)
"In candesartan-treated db/db mice (1 mg/kg per day, 4 weeks) increased plasma aldosterone, CYP11B2 expression, and aldosterone secretion were reduced."	5.38	Adipocytes produce aldosterone through calcineurin-dependent signaling pathways: implications in diabetes mellitus-associated obesity and vascular dysfunction. ( Briones, AM; Burger, D; Burns, KD; Callera, GE; Corrêa, JW; Gagnon, AM; Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Gomez-Sanchez, EP; He, Y; Nguyen Dinh Cat, A; Ooi, TC; Ruzicka, M; Sorisky, A; Touyz, RM; Yogi, A, 2012)
"Hypertension and obesity are highly prevalent among African Americans (AAs)."	5.35	Aldosterone contributes to blood pressure variance and to likelihood of hypertension in normal-weight and overweight African Americans. ( Grim, CE; Kidambi, S; Kotchen, JM; Kotchen, TA; Krishnaswami, S, 2009)
"Metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for proteinuria and chronic kidney disease independent of diabetes and hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated."	5.33	Enhanced aldosterone signaling in the early nephropathy of rats with metabolic syndrome: possible contribution of fat-derived factors. ( Ando, K; Fujita, T; Gotoda, T; Nagase, M; Nagase, T; Shibata, S; Yoshida, S, 2006)
"Obesity has become an epidemic problem in Western societies contributing to several disease processes including metabolic diseases, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease."	5.32	Fat cells may be the obesity-hypertension link: human adipogenic factors stimulate aldosterone secretion from adrenocortical cells. ( Arakelyan, K; Bornstein, SR; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M; Krug, AW; Scherbaum, WA, 2004)
"Obstructive sleep apnea can be detected with a careful history and various sleep studies."	5.32	Resistant hypertension, obesity, sleep apnea, and aldosterone: theory and therapy. ( Calhoun, DA; Goodfriend, TL, 2004)
"We conclude that 6 weeks of treatment with spironolactone does not change insulin sensitivity or endothelial function in normotensive obese individuals with no other comorbidities."	5.19	Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. ( Adler, GK; Garg, R; Kneen, L; Williams, GH, 2014)
" Decreases in aldosterone were associated with decreases in C-reactive protein, leptin, insulin, homeostasis assessment of insulin resistance, heart rate, tonic cardiac sympathovagal balance and increases in adiponectin (all P<0."	5.17	Changes in serum aldosterone are associated with changes in obesity-related factors in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. ( Barinas-Mitchell, E; Conroy, MB; Cooper, JN; Evans, RW; Fried, L; Mori Brooks, M; Sutton-Tyrrell, K; Tepper, P; Woodard, GA, 2013)
"Emerging evidence suggests the presence of a mechanistic link in which the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin stimulates aldosterone production in obesity, thereby creating a positive feedback loop for obesity-associated cardiovascular disease."	4.98	The regulation of aldosterone secretion by leptin: implications in obesity-related cardiovascular disease. ( Belin de Chantemèle, EJ; Bruder-Nascimento, T; Faulkner, JL, 2018)
" It will consider the relationship between obesity and leptin resistance and sympathetic signaling; the role of obstructive sleep apnea in resistant hypertension; and the role of aldosterone in resistant hypertension."	4.90	Resistant hypertension in diabetes mellitus. ( Bayliss, G; D'Elia, JA; Weinrauch, LA, 2014)
"The pathogenic role of angiotensin II (ANG II), dietary sodium chloride, sympathetic activation, obesity and aldosterone in the development of structural vascular changes (SVCs) in hypertension is considered from three perspectives (criteria): their utility in predicting hypertension and its complications (predictability); the effect of their inhibition or removal on the reversal of SVCs (reversibility); and their ability to induce SVCs in experimental animals (reproducibility)."	4.82	Pathogenesis of structural vascular changes in hypertension. ( Simon, G, 2004)
" The reasons for low MSNA and a lack of sympathetically mediated support of REE after gastric bypass are likely multifactorial and may be related to changes in insulin sensitivity, body composition, and leptin, among other factors."	3.79	Sympathetic support of energy expenditure and sympathetic nervous system activity after gastric bypass surgery. ( Charkoudian, N; Curry, TB; Groenewald, CB; Hines, CN; Joyner, MJ; Miles, JM; Somaraju, M, 2013)
"Although the anorexic effects of leptin are lost in obesity, leptin-mediated sympatho-activation is preserved."	3.77	Impact of leptin-mediated sympatho-activation on cardiovascular function in obese mice. ( Belin de Chantemèle, EJ; Mintz, JD; Rainey, WE; Stepp, DW, 2011)
"Cortisol has been implicated in hypertension and lately reported to be regulated at the pre-receptor level by the 11betaHSD1 enzyme, which converts cortisone (E) to cortisol (F)."	3.74	[Possible pathogenetic role of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11betaHSD1) gene polymorphisms in arterial hypertension]. ( Artigas, RA; Carvajal, CA; Fardella, CE; Morales, MA; Mosso, LM; Ortiz, E; Owen, GI, 2008)
"Plasma leptin concentration is increased in hypertensive obese humans, but whether leptin contributes to the increased arterial pressure in obesity is not known."	3.70	Chronic leptin infusion increases arterial pressure. ( Brands, MW; Hall, JE; Shek, EW, 1998)
"We have investigated the possible involvement of endogenous corticosteroids in the maintenance of hypertension in aged lean and obese Zucker rats using the type II corticosteroid antagonist mifepristone."	3.69	Effects of the glucocorticoid II receptor antagonist mifepristone on hypertension in the obese Zucker rat. ( Clapham, JC; Turner, NC, 1997)
" Therefore, food intake and weight gain were measured in obese adrenalectomized VMH-lesioned rats given continuous infusion of various doses of either a type I-receptor agonist (aldosterone), a type II-receptor agonist (RU-28362), or several combination doses."	3.69	Relative contribution of type I and II corticosterone receptors in VMH lesion-induced obesity and hyperinsulinemia. ( Devenport, LD; Stith, RD; Thomas, TL, 1994)
" Urinary excretion rates of calcium, sodium, chloride, potassium, urinary calcium/creatinine index, the fractional excretion of sodium, potassium and uric acid, the creatinine clearance and serum values of creatinine, urea, uric acid, electrolytes, total proteins, parathormone (intact molecule), plasma renin activity, aldosterone, glucose, and insulin (fasting and after an oral glucose load) were performed in every patient and control subject."	3.69	Urinary calcium excretion in treated and untreated essential hypertension. ( Navarro-Antolin, J; Orte, L; Ortuño, J; Quereda, C; Sabater, J; Villafruela, JJ, 1996)
"The relationship between atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), the renin-aldosterone axis, and blood pressure reduction with weight loss was investigated in 18 obese subjects (five hypertensive and 13 normotensive) placed on a 12-week, low-sodium (40 mmol), weight-reducing diet."	3.67	Weight reduction decreases atrial natriuretic factor and blood pressure in obese patients. ( McMurray, RW; Vesely, DL, 1989)
"Aldosterone excretion was determined by 24 h urine (24h-UAldo) collected at randomization and after 6 months of follow-up."	2.84	Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on aldosterone excretion in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and resistant hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. ( Cavalcanti, AH; Cortez, AF; de Souza, F; Margallo, V; Muxfeldt, ES; Salles, GF, 2017)
"In adults, obesity is often associated with salt-sensitive hypertension."	2.72	Kidney and epigenetic mechanisms of salt-sensitive hypertension. ( Fujita, T; Kawarazaki, W, 2021)
"Aldosterone displays powerful vascular effects and acts as a potent pro-fibrotic agent in cardiovascular remodeling."	2.58	Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Aldosterone-Related Biomarkers of End-Organ Damage in Cardiometabolic Disease. ( Armani, A; Caprio, M; Gorini, S; Mammi, C; Marzolla, V, 2018)
"In addition, obesity is accompanied by increased signaling through the leptin receptor, which can promote activation of both the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system and can directly stimulate the secretion of aldosterone."	2.58	Leptin-Aldosterone-Neprilysin Axis: Identification of Its Distinctive Role in the Pathogenesis of the Three Phenotypes of Heart Failure in People With Obesity. ( Packer, M, 2018)
"The progression to ESRD in patients with obesity and diabetes continues despite widespread use of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) along with aggressive blood pressure and glycemic control in these high-risk populations."	2.55	Obesity and kidney disease: from population to basic science and the search for new therapeutic targets. ( Sowers, JR; Whaley-Connell, A, 2017)
"Obese subjects often exhibit hyperaldosteronism, with increased salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP)."	2.53	The Role of Aldosterone in Obesity-Related Hypertension. ( Fujita, T; Kawarazaki, W, 2016)
"Obesity is a serious health hazard with rapidly increasing prevalence in the United States."	2.53	Obesity, hypertension and aldosterone: is leptin the link? ( Bollag, WB; Xie, D, 2016)
"Obesity is a multifactorial disease associated with hypertension."	2.52	Reviving the use of aldosterone inhibitors in treating hypertension in obesity. ( Belin De Chantemèle, EJ; Huby, AC, 2015)
"Heart failure is a complex syndrome that affects almost all organs and systems of the body."	2.50	[Organ damage and cardiorenal syndrome in acute heart failure]. ( Casado Cerrada, J; Pérez Calvo, JI, 2014)
"Other than treatment for weight loss, treatment of hypertension with specific antihypertensive medications that block or reduce aldosterone action are appropriate in obese patients."	2.50	Increased aldosterone: mechanism of hypertension in obesity. ( Flynn, C, 2014)
"A aldosterone is a component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, classically known for its role in sodium and water retention."	2.50	Aldosterone: a cardiometabolic risk hormone? ( Bressan, J; Eloiza Priore, S; Feliciano Pereira, P, 2014)
"Obesity is epidemic and is associated with increased blood pressure, which often manifests as treatment-resistant hypertension."	2.50	A critical review of the evidence supporting aldosterone in the etiology and its blockade in the treatment of obesity-associated hypertension. ( Brook, RD; Byrd, JB, 2014)
"In addition, insulin resistance is not limited to classic insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle, but it also affects the cardiovascular system, where it participates in the development of CVD and CKD."	2.46	Salt, aldosterone, and insulin resistance: impact on the cardiovascular system. ( Dhuper, S; Johnson, MS; Lastra, G; Sowers, JR, 2010)
"Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of hypertension."	2.46	Drug mechanisms to help in managing resistant hypertension in obesity. ( Danser, JA; Jansen, PM; Spiering, W; van den Meiracker, AH, 2010)
"Overweight and obesity are associated with arterial hypertension."	2.44	The association of aldosterone with obesity-related hypertension and the metabolic syndrome. ( Bochud, M; Burnier, M; Vogt, B, 2007)
"Features of visceral obesity and obstructive sleep apnea that may stimulate aldosterone secretion are described here."	2.44	Obesity, sleep apnea, aldosterone, and hypertension. ( Goodfriend, TL, 2008)
"Obesity is strongly associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease."	2.43	Obesity-associated hypertension: new insights into mechanisms. ( Correia, ML; Haynes, WG; Mark, AL; Rahmouni, K, 2005)
"Obesity is strongly associated with arterial hypertension."	2.43	Mineralocorticoid-stimulating activity of adipose tissue. ( Bornstein, SR; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M; Lamounier-Zepter, V, 2005)
"Arterial hypertension is one of the major coronary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases."	2.43	[Hypertension in postmenopausal women --selected pathomechanisms]. ( Kawecka-Jaszcz, K; Pośnik-Urbańska, A, 2006)
"Obesity is a common problem in much of the western world today in that is linked directly with several disease processes, notably, hypertension."	2.42	Hypertension and obesity. ( Aneja, A; El-Atat, F; McFarlane, SI; Sowers, JR, 2004)
"Obesity has become an epidemic problem in western societies, contributing to metabolic diseases, hypertension and cardiovascular disease."	2.42	Mechanisms of obesity-related hypertension. ( Bornstein, SR; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M; Lamounier-Zepter, V, 2004)
"Also, several endocrine diseases have obesity as one their clinical manifestations."	2.42	Obesity and endocrine disease. ( Kokkoris, P; Pi-Sunyer, FX, 2003)
"Primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension that may be remedied with surgery (unilateral adrenalectomy)."	1.91	The Impact of Obesity on the Resolution of Hypertension Following Adrenalectomy for Primary Hyperaldosteronism. ( Chidambaram, S; Damji, S; Di Marco, AN; Meeran, K; Palazzo, F; Todd, J; Van Den Heede, K; Wernig, F, 2023)
"Patients were divided into two groups (type 2 diabetes CR and non-CR)."	1.72	Preoperative Plasma Aldosterone Predicts Complete Remission of Type 2 Diabetes after Bariatric Surgery. ( Abe, K; Nabekura, T; Nagayama, D; Nakamura, S; Ohira, M; Onda, H; Oshiro, T; Saiki, A; Tanaka, S; Tatsuno, I; Watanabe, Y; Yamaguchi, T; Yamaoka, S, 2022)
"Aldosterone was associated with various markers of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, which partly differed from the associations observed for renin."	1.56	Vasculometabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Aldosterone in Obesity. ( Danser, AHJ; de Graaf, J; Deinum, J; Joosten, LAB; Netea, MG; Riksen, NP; Rutten, J; Schraa, K; Ter Horst, R; van den Munckhof, ICL; van der Heijden, CDCC, 2020)
"Patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) are complicated by metabolic syndrome more frequently than those without PA."	1.56	The risk factors for hepatic steatosis in patients with primary aldosteronism. ( Atsumi, T; Baba, S; Nakamura, A; Obara, S; Sakai, H; Shibayama, Y; Terae, S; Usubuchi, H; Wada, N, 2020)
"Chronic HFD exposure further promoted hyperinsulinemia in ASKO mice that contributed to visceral fat accumulation accompanied by reduced lipolysis, thermogenic reprogramming, and the absence of weight-gain-related EE increases."	1.48	Aldosterone deficiency in mice burdens respiration and accentuates diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and obesity. ( Faresse, N; Henneberg, M; Langhans, W; Liao, WH; Odermatt, A; Pacheco Lopez, G; Steuer, AE; Suendermann, C, 2018)
"(1) Within a normotensive range, hyperinsulinemia and/or insulin resistance influence daily BP variation more than obesity does, suggesting a pivotal role of insulin on BP control in PCOS; (2) altered insulinemic state and ABPM-derived higher nighttime BP and HR may represent early markers to identify PCOS subjects prone to high cardiovascular risk."	1.46	Hyperinsulinemia and obese phenotype differently influence blood pressure in young normotensive patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. ( Azzolini, S; Bleve, L; Cà, AD; Fallo, F; Maffei, P; Mioni, R; Turra, J; Vettor, R; Xamin, N, 2017)
"Obesity and type 2 diabetes have become a major public health problem worldwide."	1.46	Elevated Steroid Hormone Production in the db/db Mouse Model of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. ( Bornstein, SR; Brown, N; Brunssen, C; Eisenhofer, G; Frenzel, A; Hofmann, A; Jannasch, A; Mittag, J; Morawietz, H; Peitzsch, M; Weldon, SM, 2017)
"Prospective studies indicate that hyperaldosteronism is found in 20% of patients with resistant hypertension."	1.43	Body Mass Index Predicts 24-Hour Urinary Aldosterone Levels in Patients With Resistant Hypertension. ( Calhoun, DA; Dudenbostel, T; Ghazi, L; Li, P; Liu, M; Oparil, S, 2016)
"Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases."	1.42	Adipocyte Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation Leads to Metabolic Syndrome and Induction of Prostaglandin D2 Synthase. ( Adler, GK; Alvarez de la Rosa, D; El Mogrhabi, S; Fallo, F; Feraco, A; Jaisser, F; Nguyen Dinh Cat, A; Quilliot, D; Rossignol, P; Sierra-Ramos, C; Touyz, RM; Urbanet, R; Venteclef, N, 2015)
"Obesity-related hypertension is associated with increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), increasing arterial stiffness."	1.42	Reduction of plasma aldosterone and arterial stiffness in obese pre- and stage1 hypertensive subjects after aerobic exercise. ( Chaudhuri, D; Collier, SR; Curry, CD; Frechette, V; Gowdar, R; Ji, H; Meucci, M; Moody, AM; Sandberg, K, 2015)
"Humans with obesity and type 2 diabetes and KKAy and db/db mice were used to evaluate SGK1 expression in the adipose tissue of subjects with obesity and diabetes using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis."	1.39	SGK1 is regulated by metabolic-related factors in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and overexpressed in the adipose tissue of subjects with obesity and diabetes. ( Feng, W; Hao, Y; Li, P; Pan, F; Song, H; Zhu, D, 2013)
"Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps and two-dimensional echocardiograms were used to evaluate cardiac function."	1.39	Obesity and insulin resistance induce early development of diastolic dysfunction in young female mice fed a Western diet. ( Aroor, AR; DeMarco, VG; Garro, M; Habibi, J; Hayden, MR; Manrique, C; Mugerfeld, I; Sowers, JR, 2013)
"Aldosterone plays a crucial role in cardiovascular disease."	1.39	Endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor activation mediates endothelial dysfunction in diet-induced obesity. ( Berger, S; Lohmann, C; Lüscher, TF; Matter, CM; Miranda, MX; Nussberger, J; Ruschitzka, F; Schäfer, N; van Tits, LJ; Vergopoulos, A; Verrey, F; Winnik, S, 2013)
"Previous reports have connected between Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), obesity and different hormonal states."	1.39	Hyperandrogenism is associated with earlier age of onset of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in women. ( Kesler, A; Klein, A; Kliper, E; Osher, E; Stern, N, 2013)
"She was diagnosed with combined primary hyperaldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome."	1.38	Combined aldosterone and cortisol secretion by adrenal incidentaloma. ( di Dalmazi, G; Giampalma, E; Golfieri, R; Marrano, N; Minni, F; Pasquali, R; Repaci, A; Rinaldi, E; Santini, D; Vicennati, V, 2012)
"Aldosterone has been linked to the deleterious cardiovascular effects of obesity in humans."	1.38	The development of hypertension and hyperaldosteronism in a rodent model of life-long obesity. ( Dorrance, AM; Fink, GD; Garver, H; Haywood, JR; Laimon-Thomson, EL; McClain, JL; Northcott, CA; Pires, PW; Rainey, WE; Rigsby, CS, 2012)
"Obesity is a major risk factor for hypertension."	1.38	Increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B deletion improves control of blood pressure in obesity. ( Ali, MI; Belin de Chantemèle, EJ; Fulton, DJ; Mintz, JD; Rainey, WE; Stepp, DW; Tremblay, ML, 2012)
"In candesartan-treated db/db mice (1 mg/kg per day, 4 weeks) increased plasma aldosterone, CYP11B2 expression, and aldosterone secretion were reduced."	1.38	Adipocytes produce aldosterone through calcineurin-dependent signaling pathways: implications in diabetes mellitus-associated obesity and vascular dysfunction. ( Briones, AM; Burger, D; Burns, KD; Callera, GE; Corrêa, JW; Gagnon, AM; Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Gomez-Sanchez, EP; He, Y; Nguyen Dinh Cat, A; Ooi, TC; Ruzicka, M; Sorisky, A; Touyz, RM; Yogi, A, 2012)
"Myelolipomas are adrenal tumors composed of both adipose and hematopoietic tissues which are rarely associated with primary aldosteronism (PA)."	1.38	A case of myelolipoma with bilateral adrenal hyperaldosteronism cured after unilateral adrenalectomy. ( Arai, H; Fujii, T; Fukuda, Y; Honda, K; Inuzuka, M; Kanamoto, N; Kojima, K; Kondo, E; Mikami, Y; Miura, M; Nakao, K; Sasano, H; Sone, M; Sonoyama, T; Tamura, N; Taura, D; Ueda, Y; Yamada, G; Yamashita, Y; Yasoda, A, 2012)
"Aldosterone levels were also correlated with 24-h pulse pressure (rho = -0."	1.37	Relationships between renin, aldosterone, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure in obese adolescents. ( Flynn, JT; Shatat, IF, 2011)
"Obesity has been recognized as an independent risk factor for arterial hypertension."	1.37	Arterial hypertension in obesity: relationships with hormone and anthropometric parameters. ( De Pergola, G; Guida, P; Nardecchia, A; Silvestris, F, 2011)
"Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR)."	1.37	Cardiovascular correlates of insulin resistance in normotensive and hypertensive African Americans. ( Grim, CE; Kidambi, S; Kotchen, JM; Kotchen, TA; Krishnaswami, S, 2011)
"Thus, in insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes (T2D), oxidative stress generated by hyperglycemia and aldosterone would potentiate the oxidative destruction of tissue and important regulators of glucose metabolism like adiponectin and insulin."	1.35	The heme oxygenase system abates hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty rats by potentiating insulin-sensitizing pathways. ( Jadhav, A; Lane, N; Ndisang, JF, 2009)
"Hypertension and obesity are highly prevalent among African Americans (AAs)."	1.35	Aldosterone contributes to blood pressure variance and to likelihood of hypertension in normal-weight and overweight African Americans. ( Grim, CE; Kidambi, S; Kotchen, JM; Kotchen, TA; Krishnaswami, S, 2009)
"Metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for proteinuria and chronic kidney disease independent of diabetes and hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated."	1.33	Enhanced aldosterone signaling in the early nephropathy of rats with metabolic syndrome: possible contribution of fat-derived factors. ( Ando, K; Fujita, T; Gotoda, T; Nagase, M; Nagase, T; Shibata, S; Yoshida, S, 2006)
"Indeed, obesity hypertension has to be considered as the most common form of essential hypertension."	1.33	Increased aldosterone/renin quotient in obese hypertensive women: a novel role for low-density lipoproteins? ( Ansurudeen, I; Bornstein, SR; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M; Kopprasch, S; Lamounier-Zepter, V; Rotthoff, T; Scherbaum, WA, 2006)
"Obesity has become an epidemic problem in Western societies contributing to several disease processes including metabolic diseases, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease."	1.32	Fat cells may be the obesity-hypertension link: human adipogenic factors stimulate aldosterone secretion from adrenocortical cells. ( Arakelyan, K; Bornstein, SR; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M; Krug, AW; Scherbaum, WA, 2004)
"Obstructive sleep apnea can be detected with a careful history and various sleep studies."	1.32	Resistant hypertension, obesity, sleep apnea, and aldosterone: theory and therapy. ( Calhoun, DA; Goodfriend, TL, 2004)
"Obesity is characterized by increased plasma fatty acids and oxidative stress."	1.32	Epoxy-keto derivative of linoleic acid stimulates aldosterone secretion. ( Ball, DL; Campbell, WB; Egan, BM; Goodfriend, TL; Nithipatikom, K, 2004)
"Overweight and obesity are frequently associated with increased plasma levels of aldosterone."	1.32	Human adipocytes secrete mineralocorticoid-releasing factors. ( Barthel, A; Bornstein, SR; Ehrhart-Bornstein, M; Hauner, H; Lamounier-Zepter, V; Langenbach, J; McCann, SM; Scherbaum, WA; Schraven, A; Willenberg, HS, 2003)
"Since hypertension affects a considerable proportion of obese patients, circulating RAAS has been studied in obese subjects with and without hypertension, albeit with conflicting results."	1.31	Comparison of circulating and local adipose tissue renin-angiotensin system in normotensive and hypertensive obese subjects. ( Camilloni, MA; Faloia, E; Garrapa, GG; Gatti, C; Giacchetti, G; Mantero, F; Mariniello, B; Sardu, C, 2002)
"ANP, aldosterone and renin were examined during natriuresis of fasting in 25 obese essential hypertensive patients and nine overweight normotensive subjects placed on a supervised 500-KCal diet composed of 50% carbohydrates, 30% fat and 20% protein, and unlimited salt."	1.28	The role of atrial natriuretic peptide in natriuresis of fasting. ( Maoz, E; Peleg, E; Rosenthal, T; Salzberg, M; Shamiss, A, 1992)
" In addition to altering the angiotensin II-aldosterone dose-response curve, hyperinsulinemia also increased the pressor action of angiotensin II."	1.28	Hyperinsulinemia and the aldosterone and pressor responses to angiotensin II. ( Ball, DL; DeRemer, S; Goodfriend, TL; Moorehead, C; Rocchini, AP, 1990)

Research

Studies (256)

Authors

Clinical Trials (14)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change From Baseline in Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	79 (30.86)	18.7374
1990's	33 (12.89)	18.2507
2000's	52 (20.31)	29.6817
2010's	81 (31.64)	24.3611
2020's	11 (4.30)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Ohira, M	1
Abe, K	1
Yamaguchi, T	1
Onda, H	1
Yamaoka, S	1
Nakamura, S	1
Tanaka, S	1
Watanabe, Y	1
Nabekura, T	1
Oshiro, T	1
Nagayama, D	1
Saiki, A	1
Tatsuno, I	1
Chidambaram, S	1
Van Den Heede, K	1
Damji, S	1
Meeran, K	1
Todd, J	1
Wernig, F	1
Palazzo, F	1
Di Marco, AN	1
Woo, H	1
Han, A	1
Park, JE	1
Cha, YS	1
Faulkner, JL	3
Belin de Chantemèle, EJ	6
Ivanov, V	1
Onyshchuk, T	1
Vysochanskyi, O	1
Shibayama, Y	1
Wada, N	2
Baba, S	1
Obara, S	1
Sakai, H	1
Usubuchi, H	1
Terae, S	1
Nakamura, A	1
Atsumi, T	1
van der Heijden, CDCC	1
Ter Horst, R	1
van den Munckhof, ICL	1
Schraa, K	1
de Graaf, J	1
Joosten, LAB	1
Danser, AHJ	1
Netea, MG	1
Deinum, J	1
Rutten, J	1
Riksen, NP	1
Dudenbostel, T	2
Li, P	3
Calhoun, DA	3
Bełtowski, J	1
Kawarazaki, W	2
Fujita, T	7
Pawlikowski, M	1
Winczyk, K	1
Goodwill, AG	1
Baker, HE	1
Dick, GM	1
McCallinhart, PE	1
Bailey, CA	1
Brown, SM	1
Man, JJ	1
Tharp, DL	1
Clark, HE	1
Blaettner, BS	1
Jaffe, IZ	1
Bowles, DK	1
Trask, AJ	1
Tune, JD	1
Bender, SB	1
Whaley-Connell, A	1
Sowers, JR	6
Stavropoulos, K	1
Imprialos, KP	1
Doumas, M	1
Jia, G	1
Aroor, AR	2
Bruder-Nascimento, T	1
Zhu, JJ	1
Chen, YP	1
Yang, M	1
Liu, BL	1
Dong, J	1
Dong, HR	1
Rui, HL	1
Cheng, H	1
Packer, M	2
Kitzman, DW	1
Liao, WH	1
Suendermann, C	1
Steuer, AE	1
Pacheco Lopez, G	1
Odermatt, A	1
Faresse, N	1
Henneberg, M	1
Langhans, W	1
Cannone, V	1
Buglioni, A	2
Sangaralingham, SJ	1
Scott, C	1
Bailey, KR	1
Rodeheffer, R	1
Redfield, MM	1
Sarzani, R	4
Burnett, JC	1
Ohno, Y	1
Sone, M	2
Inagaki, N	1
Yamasaki, T	1
Ogawa, O	1
Takeda, Y	1
Kurihara, I	1
Umakoshi, H	1
Ichijo, T	1
Katabami, T	1
Ogawa, Y	1
Yoshimoto, T	1
Kawashima, J	1
Watanabe, M	1
Matsuda, Y	1
Kobayashi, H	1
Shibata, H	1
Miyauchi, S	1
Kamemura, K	1
Fukuoka, T	1
Yamamoto, K	1
Otsuki, M	1
Suzuki, T	2
Naruse, M	1
Gorini, S	1
Marzolla, V	2
Mammi, C	1
Armani, A	2
Caprio, M	3
Zitouni, H	1
Raguema, N	1
Gannoun, MBA	1
Hebert-Stutter, M	1
Zouari, I	1
Maleh, W	1
Faleh, R	1
Letaifa, DB	1
Almawi, WY	1
Fournier, T	1
Mahjoub, T	1
Guibourdenche, J	1
Bothou, C	1
Beuschlein, F	1
Spyroglou, A	1
Hall, JE	3
do Carmo, JM	2
da Silva, AA	2
Wang, Z	2
Hall, ME	2
Curry, TB	1
Somaraju, M	1
Hines, CN	1
Groenewald, CB	1
Miles, JM	1
Joyner, MJ	1
Charkoudian, N	1
Baudrand, R	2
Campino, C	1
Carvajal, CA	3
Olivieri, O	1
Guidi, G	1
Faccini, G	1
Vöhringer, PA	1
Cerda, J	1
Owen, G	1
Kalergis, AM	1
Fardella, CE	3
Schäfer, N	1
Lohmann, C	1
Winnik, S	1
van Tits, LJ	1
Miranda, MX	1
Vergopoulos, A	1
Ruschitzka, F	1
Nussberger, J	1
Berger, S	1
Lüscher, TF	1
Verrey, F	1
Matter, CM	1
Cooper, JN	2
Fried, L	1
Tepper, P	2
Barinas-Mitchell, E	2
Conroy, MB	1
Evans, RW	1
Mori Brooks, M	1
Woodard, GA	2
Sutton-Tyrrell, K	2
Byrd, JB	1
Brook, RD	1
Klein, A	1
Stern, N	2
Osher, E	1
Kliper, E	1
Kesler, A	1
Zhou, R	1
Lin, ZH	1
Jiang, CS	1
Gong, JX	1
Chen, LL	1
Guo, YW	1
Shen, X	1
Rossi, GP	2
Seccia, TM	1
Manrique, C	1
DeMarco, VG	1
Mugerfeld, I	1
Garro, M	1
Habibi, J	1
Hayden, MR	1
Pan, F	1
Hao, Y	1
Feng, W	1
Song, H	1
Zhu, D	1
Garg, R	3
Kneen, L	1
Williams, GH	2
Adler, GK	6
Engeli, S	2
Grübler, MR	1
Kienreich, K	1
Gaksch, M	1
Verheyen, N	1
Fahrleitner-Pammer, A	1
Schmid, J	1
Grogorenz, J	1
Ablasser, K	1
Pieske, B	1
Tomaschitz, A	1
Pilz, S	1
Sabbatini, AR	1
de Faria, AP	1
Modolo, R	1
Moreno, H	1
Collier, SR	1
Sandberg, K	1
Moody, AM	1
Frechette, V	1
Curry, CD	1
Ji, H	1
Gowdar, R	1
Chaudhuri, D	1
Meucci, M	1
Cinti, F	1
Morgan, J	1
Cranston, GA	1
Antelmi, A	1
Carpinelli, G	1
Canese, R	1
Pagotto, U	1
Quarta, C	1
Malorni, W	1
Matarrese, P	1
Marconi, M	1
Fabbri, A	1
Rosano, G	1
Cinti, S	1
Young, MJ	1
Casado Cerrada, J	1
Pérez Calvo, JI	1
Bayliss, G	1
Weinrauch, LA	1
D'Elia, JA	1
Flynn, C	1
Feliciano Pereira, P	1
Eloiza Priore, S	1
Bressan, J	1
Kuhn, E	1
Lombès, M	2
Nishimoto, M	1
Martínez-Martínez, E	1
Cachofeiro, V	1
Rousseau, E	1
Álvarez, V	1
Calvier, L	1
Fernández-Celis, A	1
Leroy, C	1
Miana, M	1
Jurado-López, R	1
Briones, AM	2
Jaisser, F	2
Zannad, F	1
Rossignol, P	2
López-Andrés, N	1
Urbanet, R	1
Nguyen Dinh Cat, A	2
Feraco, A	1
Venteclef, N	1
El Mogrhabi, S	1
Sierra-Ramos, C	1
Alvarez de la Rosa, D	1
Quilliot, D	1
Fallo, F	2
Touyz, RM	3
Huby, AC	1
De Pergola, G	2
Campobasso, N	1
Nardecchia, A	2
Triggiani, V	1
Caccavo, D	1
Gesualdo, L	1
Silvestris, F	2
Manno, C	1
Vecchiola, A	1
Lagos, CF	1
Nizar, JM	1
Dong, W	1
McClellan, RB	1
Labarca, M	1
Zhou, Y	1
Wong, J	1
Goens, DG	1
Zhao, M	1
Velarde, N	1
Bernstein, D	1
Pellizzon, M	1
Satlin, LM	1
Bhalla, V	1
Mioni, R	1
Cà, AD	1
Turra, J	1
Azzolini, S	1
Xamin, N	1
Bleve, L	1
Maffei, P	1
Vettor, R	1
Xie, D	1
Bollag, WB	1
Dinh Cat, AN	1
Friederich-Persson, M	1
White, A	1
Xanthakis, V	1
Enserro, DM	1
Larson, MG	1
Wollert, KC	1
Januzzi, JL	1
Levy, D	1
Aragam, J	1
Benjamin, EJ	1
Cheng, S	1
Wang, TJ	1
Mitchell, GF	1
Vasan, RS	1
Ghazi, L	1
Liu, M	1
Oparil, S	1
Hofmann, A	1
Peitzsch, M	1
Brunssen, C	1
Mittag, J	1
Jannasch, A	1
Frenzel, A	1
Brown, N	1
Weldon, SM	1
Eisenhofer, G	1
Bornstein, SR	7
Morawietz, H	1
de Souza, F	1
Muxfeldt, ES	1
Margallo, V	1
Cortez, AF	1
Cavalcanti, AH	1
Salles, GF	1
Svacina, S	1
Goodfriend, TL	6
Morales, MA	1
Ortiz, E	1
Mosso, LM	1
Artigas, RA	1
Owen, GI	1
Umpierrez, GE	1
Smiley, D	1
Robalino, G	1
Peng, L	1
Kitabchi, AE	1
Khan, B	1
Le, A	1
Quyyumi, A	1
Brown, V	1
Phillips, LS	1
Ndisang, JF	1
Lane, N	1
Jadhav, A	1
Bomback, AS	1
Klemmer, PJ	1
Nagase, M	5
Yilmaz, H	1
Tütüncü, NB	1
Sahin, M	1
Kidambi, S	2
Kotchen, JM	3
Krishnaswami, S	2
Grim, CE	3
Kotchen, TA	3
Vogt, B	2
Burnier, M	2
Bubien, JK	1
Di Murro, A	1
Petramala, L	1
Cotesta, D	1
Zinnamosca, L	1
Crescenzi, E	1
Marinelli, C	1
Saponara, M	1
Letizia, C	3
Jansen, PM	1
Danser, JA	1
Spiering, W	1
van den Meiracker, AH	1
Tirosh, A	1
Lastra, G	1
Dhuper, S	1
Johnson, MS	1
Luft, F	1
Shatat, IF	1
Flynn, JT	1
Briet, M	1
Schiffrin, EL	1
Samavat, S	1
Ahmadpoor, P	1
Samadian, F	1
Guida, P	1
Mintz, JD	2
Rainey, WE	3
Stepp, DW	2
Vicennati, V	1
Repaci, A	1
di Dalmazi, G	1
Rinaldi, E	1
Golfieri, R	1
Giampalma, E	1
Minni, F	1
Marrano, N	1
Santini, D	1
Pasquali, R	1
Mejia-Montilla, J	1
Reyna-Villasmil, E	1
Torres-Cepeda, D	1
Santos-Bolívar, J	1
Reyna-Villasmil, N	1
Bravo-Henríquez, A	1
Northcott, CA	1
Fink, GD	1
Garver, H	1
Haywood, JR	1
Laimon-Thomson, EL	1
McClain, JL	1
Pires, PW	1
Rigsby, CS	1
Dorrance, AM	2
Inuzuka, M	1
Tamura, N	1
Taura, D	1
Sonoyama, T	1
Honda, K	1
Kojima, K	2
Fukuda, Y	1
Ueda, Y	1
Yamashita, Y	1
Kondo, E	1
Yamada, G	1
Fujii, T	1
Miura, M	1
Kanamoto, N	1
Yasoda, A	1
Arai, H	1
Mikami, Y	1
Sasano, H	2
Nakao, K	1
Müller-Fielitz, H	1
Lau, M	1
Jöhren, O	1
Stellmacher, F	1
Schwaninger, M	1
Raasch, W	1
Callera, GE	1
Yogi, A	1
Burger, D	1
He, Y	1
Corrêa, JW	1
Gagnon, AM	1
Gomez-Sanchez, CE	1
Gomez-Sanchez, EP	1
Sorisky, A	1
Ooi, TC	1
Ruzicka, M	1
Burns, KD	1
Baracco, R	1
Kapur, G	1
Mattoo, T	1
Jain, A	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Effect of Mineralcorticoid Recept Antagonist on Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Hypertension and Hyperaldosteronemia：A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study[NCT05688579]	Phase 4	8,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-16	Enrolling by invitation
A Safety and Feasibility Study of Water-only Fasting and Refeeding for Treatment of Stage 1 and 2 Hypertensive Patients[NCT04515095]		30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-08-16	Completed
Clinical Trial to Reverse Early Arterial Stiffening[NCT00366990]		349 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Obesity Induced Cardiovascular Complications[NCT01406015]		38 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-02-28	Completed
HYpertension Therapy With Valsartan Versus EpleRenone for Obese Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT03476616]	Phase 4	330 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-01	Not yet recruiting
Efficacy of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on Blood Pressure Control of Resistant Hypertension Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS).[NCT01508754]	Phase 4	125 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
Prospective Cross-sectional Study on Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism in Resistant Hypertension and Association With Cardiometabolic Complications[NCT04213963]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2011-09-01	Recruiting
Pediatric Hypertension and the Renin-Angiotensin SystEm (PHRASE): The Role of Angiotensin-(1-7) in Hypertension and Hypertension-Induced Heart and Kidney Damage[NCT04752293]		125 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2021-05-19	Recruiting
BNP Pharmacodynamics and Effects on Metabolism in Lean and Obese Subjects[NCT01977859]	Phase 1	4 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Completed
Effect of Nesiritide Infusion on Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Obese Insulin Resistant Subjects[NCT03234751]	Phase 1	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-13	Completed
The Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Pediatric Primary Hypertension (PHRAS)[NCT03310684]		160 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2018-12-03	Active, not recruiting
Open, Randomized, Unicenter Study Comparing Metabolic Surgery With Intensive Medical Therapy to Treat Diabetic Kidney Disease[NCT04626323]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-25	Recruiting
Workload of Water Polo Players Following a Phosphorus Manipulated High Carbohydrate Meal[NCT03101215]		17 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-03-24	Recruiting
Childhood Obesity: Variations in Management[NCT00160914]		500 participants (Actual)	Observational	2001-12-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Insulin resistance was measured using the 75 G glucose tolerance test. Participants ingested 75 grams of glucose in 300-400 mL of water over 5 minutes. Blood samples were taken before ingesting glucose and then every 30 minutes for 120 minutes. HOMA-IR was calculated using the Insulin and glucose levels obtained. A negative change (decrease in insulin resistance) indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6 (Prior to ingesting glucose and every 30 minutes for 120 minutes)

Change From Baseline in Insulin Sensitivity Index (ISI)

Intervention	IR index (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline at Week 6
Placebo	3.4	0.1
Spironolactone	2.7	0.1

Insulin sensitivity was measured using the 75 gram (G) glucose tolerance test. Participants ingested 75 grams of glucose in 300-400 milliliters (mL) of water over 5 minutes. Blood samples were taken before ingesting glucose and then every 30 minutes for 120 minutes. Insulin sensitivity index was calculated by Matsuda and Defronzo's formula using the values obtained. A positive change from Baseline (increase in insulin sensitivity) indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6 (Prior to ingesting glucose and every 30 minutes for 120 minutes)

Change From Baseline in Para-aminohippurate (PAH) Clearance

Intervention	IS index (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline at Week 6
Placebo	4.6	-1.1
Spironolactone	3.7	-0.1

Renal plasma blood flow was determined by clearance of para-aminohippurate (PAH). A loading dose of PAH (8 mg/kg) was given intravenously followed by a 1 hour constant infusion of PAH at a rate of 12 mg/minute (min). Plasma samples were obtained at Baseline and at 50 and 60 minutes. PAH clearance was calculated from the plasma levels and infusion rates and reported in millimeters (mL)/minute (min). A positive change from Baseline indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6 (Prior to PAH infusion and at 50 and 60 minutes post PAH infusion)

Change From Baseline in Post-ischemic Dilatation

Intervention	mL/min (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline at Week 6
Placebo	521	-5.2
Spironolactone	488	-2.3

Ultrasonography of the brachial artery was performed to evaluate endothelial function by flow mediated dilatation (FMD) studies. A blood pressure cuff was placed on the participant's upper arm and was compressed for 5 minutes. After release of compression, brachial artery diameter and blood flow velocity were measured. FMD was expressed as the percentage change in brachial artery diameter. A positive change from Baseline indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6

Article	Year
Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Endothelial Dysfunction in Hypertension. Current hypertension reports, 2019, 09-04, Volume: 21, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium, Vascular; Epithelial S	2019
Kidney and epigenetic mechanisms of salt-sensitive hypertension. Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2021, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Aging; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; DNA Methylation; Fetal Nutrition Disorders; Glucuronida	2021
Endocrine and metabolic aspects of COVID-19. Endokrynologia Polska, 2021, Volume: 72, Issue:3 Topics: Aging; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; COVID-19; Diabetes Mellitus; Hu	2021
Obesity and kidney disease: from population to basic science and the search for new therapeutic targets. Kidney international, 2017, Volume: 92, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Obesity; Receptor	2017
The role of mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in the cross-talk between adipose tissue and the vascular wall. Cardiovascular research, 2017, Jul-01, Volume: 113, Issue:9 Topics: Adipogenesis; Adipokines; Adipose Tissue; Adiposity; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Vessels; Cardiovasc	2017
The regulation of aldosterone secretion by leptin: implications in obesity-related cardiovascular disease. Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension, 2018, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Adipocytes; Aldosterone; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Leptin; Obesity; Sex Factors	2018
Obesity-Related Heart Failure With a Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Mechanistic Rationale for Combining Inhibitors of Aldosterone, Neprilysin, and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2. JACC. Heart failure, 2018, Volume: 6, Issue:8 Topics: Aldosterone; Aminobutyrates; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Benzhydryl Compounds; Biphenyl Compou	2018
Leptin-Aldosterone-Neprilysin Axis: Identification of Its Distinctive Role in the Pathogenesis of the Three Phenotypes of Heart Failure in People With Obesity. Circulation, 2018, 04-10, Volume: 137, Issue:15 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adiposity; Aldosterone; Heart Failure; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Leptin; Neprilysin;	2018
Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Aldosterone-Related Biomarkers of End-Organ Damage in Cardiometabolic Disease. Biomolecules, 2018, 09-18, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Obesity; Receptors, Mineralocorti	2018
Leptin and Aldosterone. Vitamins and hormones, 2019, Volume: 109 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hypertension; Leptin; Male; Obesit	2019
Links between aldosterone excess and metabolic complications: A comprehensive review. Diabetes & metabolism, 2020, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Insulin; Insulin Res	2020
Obesity, kidney dysfunction and hypertension: mechanistic links. Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2019, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Adipokines; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney; Kidney Tubules; Leptin; Obesi	2019
A critical review of the evidence supporting aldosterone in the etiology and its blockade in the treatment of obesity-associated hypertension. Journal of human hypertension, 2014, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Hypertension; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists;	2014
[Organ damage and cardiorenal syndrome in acute heart failure]. Medicina clinica, 2014, Volume: 142 Suppl 1 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiac Output; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Comorbidity; Endothelium, Vascular; Heart Failur	2014
Resistant hypertension in diabetes mellitus. Current diabetes reports, 2014, Volume: 14, Issue:8 Topics: Aldosterone; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Hypertension; Leptin; Obesity; Sympathetic Nervous System	2014
Increased aldosterone: mechanism of hypertension in obesity. Seminars in nephrology, 2014, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity	2014
Aldosterone: a cardiometabolic risk hormone? Nutricion hospitalaria, 2014, Dec-01, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diet; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity;	2014
The mineralocorticoid receptor: a new player controlling energy homeostasis. Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation, 2013, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Energy Metabolism; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypertension; Metaboli	2013
Renal mechanisms of salt-sensitive hypertension: contribution of two steroid receptor-associated pathways. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2015, Mar-01, Volume: 308, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Epithelial Sodium Channels; Humans;	2015
Obesity-induced hypertension: interaction of neurohumoral and renal mechanisms. Circulation research, 2015, Mar-13, Volume: 116, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Dyslipidemias; Heart Conduction System; Hemodynamics;	2015
Aldosterone and the Mineralocorticoid Receptor: Risk Factors for Cardiometabolic Disorders. Current hypertension reports, 2015, Volume: 17, Issue:7 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Hypertension; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Receptors,	2015
Reviving the use of aldosterone inhibitors in treating hypertension in obesity. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2015, Nov-01, Volume: 309, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Hypertension; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Anta	2015
Aldosterone Production and Signaling Dysregulation in Obesity. Current hypertension reports, 2016, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Adipocytes; Aldosterone; Animals; Humans; Obesity; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; Signal Transduction	2016
The Role of Aldosterone in Obesity-Related Hypertension. American journal of hypertension, 2016, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Caloric Restriction; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Humans; Hyperald	2016
Obesity, hypertension and aldosterone: is leptin the link? The Journal of endocrinology, 2016, Volume: 230, Issue:1 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Leptin; Male; Obesity	2016
Adipocytes, aldosterone and obesity-related hypertension. Journal of molecular endocrinology, 2016, Volume: 57, Issue:1 Topics: Adipocytes; Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Animals; Biomarkers; Energy Metabolism; Gene Expression Reg	2016
[System renin-aldosterone in fat tissue and other organ and tissues]. Vnitrni lekarstvi, 2008, Volume: 54, Issue:5 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Humans; Hypertension; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Renin	2008
Obesity, sleep apnea, aldosterone, and hypertension. Current hypertension reports, 2008, Volume: 10, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Humans; Hypertension; Metabolic Syndrome; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Obesi	2008
Interaction of aldosterone and extracellular volume in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated kidney disease: a narrative review. American journal of nephrology, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance; Kidney; Kidn	2009
Mineralocorticoid receptor activation in obesity hypertension. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2009, Volume: 32, Issue:8 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Biological Evolution; Humans; Hypertension; Ligands; Metabolic Syndrome; Miner	2009
Aldosterone and cardiovascular risk. Current hypertension reports, 2009, Volume: 11, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins;	2009
Epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), hormones, and hypertension. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2010, Jul-30, Volume: 285, Issue:31 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Epithelial Sodium Channels; Genomics; Hormones; Human	2010
Drug mechanisms to help in managing resistant hypertension in obesity. Current hypertension reports, 2010, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Life Style; Mineralocort	2010
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and the metabolic syndrome. Current hypertension reports, 2010, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Eplerenone; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin Resist	2010
Salt, aldosterone, and insulin resistance: impact on the cardiovascular system. Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2010, Volume: 7, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Kidney Fail	2010
The role of aldosterone in the metabolic syndrome. Current hypertension reports, 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance; Lipids; Metabolic Synd	2011
Aldosterone, hypertension, and beyond. Iranian journal of kidney diseases, 2011, Volume: 5, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Epigenomics; Epithelial Sodium Channels; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension; Hypo	2011
Circadian clock-deficient mice as a tool for exploring disease etiology. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2012, Volume: 35, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Circadian Clocks; Circadian Rhythm; Cryptochromes; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans;	2012
The renin angiotensin aldosterone system and insulin resistance in humans. Current hypertension reports, 2013, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Angiote	2013
[Resistant hypertension]. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina), 2012, Volume: 69, Issue:3 Topics: Age Factors; Aldosterone; Coronary Vasospasm; Disease Management; Diuretics; Humans; Hyperaldosteron	2012
[METABOLIC DATA ON HYPERTENSION (ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION)]. Lekarska veda v zahranici, 1964, Aug-21, Volume: 22 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Angiotensins; Arteriosclerosis; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Cate	1964
Obesity and hypertension. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 2003, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular System; Genetic Predisposition to Disea	2003
Obesity and endocrine disease. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 2003, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; Catecholamines; Endocrine System Diseases;	2003
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Pathogenesis of structural vascular changes in hypertension. Journal of hypertension, 2004, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity; Sodium Chloride	2004
Mechanisms of obesity-related hypertension. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2004, Volume: 36, Issue:6 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Fatty Acids; Humans; Hypertension; Hypothalamus; Liver;	2004
Obesity-associated hypertension: new insights into mechanisms. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2005, Volume: 45, Issue:1 Topics: Adiponectin; Aldosterone; Animals; Appetite; Endothelium, Vascular; Energy Metabolism; Ghrelin; Huma	2005
Mineralocorticoid-stimulating activity of adipose tissue. Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism, 2005, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Mineralocorticoids; O	2005
[Metabolic syndrome and aldosterone]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 2006, Sep-10, Volume: 95, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Humans; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Kidney Glomerulus; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; O	2006
[Hypertension in postmenopausal women --selected pathomechanisms]. Przeglad lekarski, 2006, Volume: 63, Issue:12 Topics: Age Factors; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Dyslipidemias; Estrogen R	2006
The association of aldosterone with obesity-related hypertension and the metabolic syndrome. Seminars in nephrology, 2007, Volume: 27, Issue:5 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Metabolic Syndrome; Obes	2007
Adrenocortical dysregulation as a major player in insulin resistance and onset of obesity. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 293, Issue:6 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adrenal Cortex; Aldosterone; Androgens; Animals; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Models,	2007
Aldosterone and metabolic syndrome: is increased aldosterone in metabolic syndrome patients an additional risk factor? Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2008, Volume: 51, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Hypertension; Lipid Metabolism; Metabolic Syndrome; Ob	2008
Adrenocortical dysfunction in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2008, Volume: 40, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Medulla; Aldosterone; Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity	2008
Renin, aldosterone and glucagon in the natriuresis of fasting. The New England journal of medicine, 1975, Jun-19, Volume: 292, Issue:25 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Fasting; Fludroco	1975
On the mechanisms of fasting natriuresis and of carbohydrate-induced sodium retention. Diabete & metabolisme, 1977, Volume: 3, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Dietary Carbohydrates; Electrolytes; Fasting; Glucagon; Humans; Hydroxyb	1977
Cellular calcium and magnesium metabolism in the pathophysiology and treatment of hypertension and related metabolic disorders. The American journal of medicine, 1992, Aug-31, Volume: 93, Issue:2A Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiomegaly; Diabete	1992
[Diet therapy of obese and hypertensive patients. Efficacy and modality of the hypotensive action]. La Clinica terapeutica, 1987, Feb-15, Volume: 120, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Energy Intake; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity; Renin	1987
[Occurrence, uptake and metabolism of steroids in adipose tissue]. Revue canadienne de biologie, 1972, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aldosterone; Androgens; Animals; Estradiol; Estrogens; Fema	1972

Article	Year
Changes in serum aldosterone are associated with changes in obesity-related factors in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2013, Volume: 36, Issue:10 Topics: Adiponectin; Adiposity; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; C-Reactive Protein; Diet, Sodium-Restric	2013
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on aldosterone excretion in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and resistant hypertension: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of hypertension, 2017, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Coronary Vasospasm; Diuretics; Female; Follo	2017
Intravenous intralipid-induced blood pressure elevation and endothelial dysfunction in obese African-Americans with type 2 diabetes. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2009, Volume: 94, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Black or African American; Blood Pressure; C-Reactive Protein; Diabetes Mellitus	2009
Serum aldosterone is associated with inflammation and aortic stiffness in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993), 2012, Volume: 34, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Ankle Brachial Index; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Cross-Sectional Studies; Exerc	2012
[Plasma renin and aldosterone levels in obese and non-obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome]. Endocrinologia y nutricion : organo de la Sociedad Espanola de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, 2012, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Female; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadal St	2012
Moderate weight loss reduces renin and aldosterone but does not influence basal or stimulated pituitary-adrenal axis function. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2007, Volume: 39, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Caloric Restriction; Cosyntropin; Cross-Over	2007
Effect of fenfluramine on prolactin secretion in obese patients: evidence for serotoninergic regulation of prolactin in man. Clinical endocrinology, 1983, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Female; Fenfluramine; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Ma	1983
Changes in blood pressure and in vasoactive and volume regulatory hormones during semistarvation in obese subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1998, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Pressure; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body	1998
Do obesity and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus aggravate exercise-induced microproteinuria? Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1998, Jul-28, Volume: 275, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Albumins; Aldosterone; beta 2-Microglobulin; Catecholamines; Diabetes Mellitus, T	1998
Role of weight loss and polyunsaturated fatty acids in improving metabolic fitness in moderately obese, moderately hypertensive subjects. Journal of hypertension, 2001, Volume: 19, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatt	2001
[Effect of corticotropin on endocrine gland functions in endocrine diseases]. Vrachebnoe delo, 1979, Issue:5 Topics: Addison Disease; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cushing Syndrom	1979
Sodium balance and renal tubular sensitivity to aldosterone during total fast and carbohydrate refeeding in the obese. European journal of clinical investigation, 1976, Jan-30, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Fasting; Female; Glucose; Humans; Kidney Tubules; Natriuresis; Obesity; Spironolactone;	1976
The sodium intake modifies the renin-aldosterone and blood pressure changes associated with moderately low energy diets. Acta medica Scandinavica, 1985, Volume: 218, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Diet, Reducing; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Mi	1985

Article	Year
Preoperative Plasma Aldosterone Predicts Complete Remission of Type 2 Diabetes after Bariatric Surgery. Obesity facts, 2022, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Bariatric Surgery; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Gastrectomy; Gastric Bypass; Glycated Hem	2022
The Impact of Obesity on the Resolution of Hypertension Following Adrenalectomy for Primary Hyperaldosteronism. World journal of surgery, 2023, Volume: 47, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension; Hypok	2023
Korean fermented soybean paste (Doenjang) has anti-obesity and anti-hypertensive effects via the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. PloS one, 2023, Volume: 18, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Diet, High-Fat; Electrolytes; Fermented Foods; Glycin	2023
NATURE OF CORRELATIONS AND DEPENDENCE OF PLASMA CONCENTRATIONS OF GALECTIN-3 AND ALDOSTERONE ON DIFFERENT CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN MALE AND FEMALE PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION. Georgian medical news, 2019, Issue:297 Topics: Aldosterone; Female; Galectin 3; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Risk Factors	2019
The risk factors for hepatic steatosis in patients with primary aldosteronism. Endocrine journal, 2020, Jun-29, Volume: 67, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Fatty Liver; Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension; I	2020
Vasculometabolic and Inflammatory Effects of Aldosterone in Obesity. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2020, 08-01, Volume: 105, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aldosterone; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Carotid Arteries; Cross-Sectional	2020
Paradoxical Increase of 24-Hour Urinary Aldosterone Levels in Obese Patients With Resistant Hypertension on a High Salt Diet. American journal of hypertension, 2021, 06-22, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity; Sodium Chloride, Dietary	2021
Salt Intake, Aldosterone Secretion, and Obesity: Role in the Pathogenesis of Resistant Hypertension. American journal of hypertension, 2021, 06-22, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity; Sodium Chloride, Dietary	2021
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade normalizes coronary resistance in obese swine independent of functional alterations in K Basic research in cardiology, 2021, 05-20, Volume: 116, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Arterioles; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Vessels; D	2021
Bypass of confirmatory tests for case detection of primary aldosteronism in leaner patients? Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2017, Volume: 19, Issue:8 Topics: Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension; Obesity; Thinness	2017
Aldosterone is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related glomerulopathy through activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in podocytes. Molecular medicine reports, 2018, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; beta Catenin; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Eplerenone; Glomerulone	2018
Aldosterone deficiency in mice burdens respiration and accentuates diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and obesity. JCI insight, 2018, 07-26, Volume: 3, Issue:14 Topics: Adipocytes; Aldosterone; Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal;	2018
Aldosterone, Hypertension, and Antihypertensive Therapy: Insights From a General Population. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2018, Volume: 93, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol, L	2018
Aldosterone, Hypertension, and Antihypertensive Therapy: Insights From a General Population. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2018, Volume: 93, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol, L	2018
Aldosterone, Hypertension, and Antihypertensive Therapy: Insights From a General Population. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2018, Volume: 93, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol, L	2018
Aldosterone, Hypertension, and Antihypertensive Therapy: Insights From a General Population. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2018, Volume: 93, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Glucose; Cholesterol, L	2018
Obesity as a Key Factor Underlying Idiopathic Hyperaldosteronism. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2018, 12-01, Volume: 103, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Dyslipidemias; Essential Hypertensio	2018
Impact of obesity on the association of active renin and plasma aldosterone concentrations, and aldosterone-to-renin ratio with preeclampsia. Pregnancy hypertension, 2018, Volume: 14 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Obesity; Pre-Eclampsia; Pr	2018
Sympathetic support of energy expenditure and sympathetic nervous system activity after gastric bypass surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2013, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Basal Metabolism; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Body Mass Index;	2013
High sodium intake is associated with increased glucocorticoid production, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Clinical endocrinology, 2014, Volume: 80, Issue:5 Topics: Adiponectin; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index	2014
Endothelial mineralocorticoid receptor activation mediates endothelial dysfunction in diet-induced obesity. European heart journal, 2013, Volume: 34, Issue:45 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Antioxidants; Aorta; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase Inhibito	2013
Hyperandrogenism is associated with earlier age of onset of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in women. Current eye research, 2013, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age of Onset; Aldosterone; Androstenedione; Body Fat Distribution; Dehydroepiandr	2013
Marine natural product des-O-methyllasiodiplodin effectively lowers the blood glucose level in db/db mice via ameliorating inflammation. Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2013, Volume: 34, Issue:10 Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Aldosterone; Animals; Apocynaceae; Blood Glucose; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	2013
Changes in aldosterone and obesity-related cardiometabolic risk factors with a 1-year weight loss intervention in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2013, Volume: 36, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity; Overweight	2013
Obesity and insulin resistance induce early development of diastolic dysfunction in young female mice fed a Western diet. Endocrinology, 2013, Volume: 154, Issue:10 Topics: Age Factors; Aldosterone; Animals; Biomarkers; Calcium Signaling; Compliance; Diet, High-Fat; Female	2013
SGK1 is regulated by metabolic-related factors in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and overexpressed in the adipose tissue of subjects with obesity and diabetes. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2013, Volume: 102, Issue:1 Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; I	2013
Low sodium diet and adipokine secretion: implications for the cardiovascular system? Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2014, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Adipokines; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Di	2014
Aldosterone to active renin ratio is associated with nocturnal blood pressure in obese and treated hypertensive patients: the Styrian Hypertension Study. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Austria; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambu	2014
Adipokines: another link between obesity and hypertension. Journal of human hypertension, 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity	2015
Reduction of plasma aldosterone and arterial stiffness in obese pre- and stage1 hypertensive subjects after aerobic exercise. Journal of human hypertension, 2015, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Down-Regulation; Exercise Therapy; Female; Humans; Hyperten	2015
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism induces browning of white adipose tissue through impairment of autophagy and prevents adipocyte dysfunction in high-fat-diet-fed mice. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2014, Volume: 28, Issue:8 Topics: Adipocytes; Adipogenesis; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Adipose Tissue, White; Aldosterone; Androstenes; An	2014
Interleukin-33/ST2 system attenuates aldosterone-induced adipogenesis and inflammation. Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2015, Aug-15, Volume: 411 Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipogenesis; Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Inflammation; Inte	2015
Adipocyte Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation Leads to Metabolic Syndrome and Induction of Prostaglandin D2 Synthase. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2015, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipocytes, White; Aldosterone; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Enzym	2015
Para- and perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness is associated with 24-hours mean diastolic blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2015, Sep-30, Volume: 15 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambula	2015
Na+-sensitive elevation in blood pressure is ENaC independent in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2016, 05-01, Volume: 310, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Circadian Rhythm; Diet, High-Fat; Epithelial Sodium Channels;	2016
Hyperinsulinemia and obese phenotype differently influence blood pressure in young normotensive patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine, 2017, Volume: 55, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Cross-Section	2017
Prevalence, Neurohormonal Correlates, and Prognosis of Heart Failure Stages in the Community. JACC. Heart failure, 2016, Volume: 4, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; C-Reactive Protein; Coronary Artery Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; He	2016
Body Mass Index Predicts 24-Hour Urinary Aldosterone Levels in Patients With Resistant Hypertension. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2016, Volume: 68, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure Determination; Body Mass Index; Comorbidity; C	2016
Elevated Steroid Hormone Production in the db/db Mouse Model of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2017, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aldosterone; Animals; Corticosterone; Desoxycorticosterone; Diabetes Mellit	2017
[Possible pathogenetic role of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11betaHSD1) gene polymorphisms in arterial hypertension]. Revista medica de Chile, 2008, Volume: 136, Issue:6 Topics: 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aldosterone; Case-C	2008
The heme oxygenase system abates hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty rats by potentiating insulin-sensitizing pathways. Endocrinology, 2009, Volume: 150, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cyclic GMP; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug E	2009
Two-year follow-up of thirty-two non-functional benign adrenal incidentalomas. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2009, Volume: 32, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Cushing Syndrome; Dexamethasone;	2009
Aldosterone contributes to blood pressure variance and to likelihood of hypertension in normal-weight and overweight African Americans. American journal of hypertension, 2009, Volume: 22, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Black or African American; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Cross-Sectional Stud	2009
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in patients with sleep apnoea: prevalence of primary aldosteronism. Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS, 2010, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Prevalenc	2010
The renin, angiotensin, aldosterone, and obesity connection. Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany), 2010, Volume: 88, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensins; Animals; Humans; Obesity; Renin	2010
Cardiovascular correlates of insulin resistance in normotensive and hypertensive African Americans. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2011, Volume: 60, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Black or African American; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Ou	2011
Relationships between renin, aldosterone, and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure in obese adolescents. Pediatric research, 2011, Volume: 69, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Body Mass Index; Chi	2011
Arterial hypertension in obesity: relationships with hormone and anthropometric parameters. European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology, 2011, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory	2011
Impact of leptin-mediated sympatho-activation on cardiovascular function in obese mice. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Dietary Fats; Heart Rate; Hypertension;	2011
Combined aldosterone and cortisol secretion by adrenal incidentaloma. International journal of surgical pathology, 2012, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Aged; Aldosterone; Cushing Syndrome; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Hum	2012
The development of hypertension and hyperaldosteronism in a rodent model of life-long obesity. Endocrinology, 2012, Volume: 153, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Dietary	2012
A case of myelolipoma with bilateral adrenal hyperaldosteronism cured after unilateral adrenalectomy. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2012, Volume: 51, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Comorbidity; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypert	2012
Blood pressure response to angiotensin II is enhanced in obese Zucker rats and is attributed to an aldosterone-dependent mechanism. British journal of pharmacology, 2012, Volume: 166, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Hypertension; Male; Obesity; Ra	2012
Adipocytes produce aldosterone through calcineurin-dependent signaling pathways: implications in diabetes mellitus-associated obesity and vascular dysfunction. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2012, Volume: 59, Issue:5 Topics: Adipocytes; Aldosterone; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Calcineurin; Cells, Cultured;	2012
Prediction of primary vs secondary hypertension in children. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2012, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Catecholamines; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Echocardio	2012
Plasma aldosterone is increased in class 2 and 3 obese essential hypertensive patients despite drug treatment. American journal of hypertension, 2012, Volume: 25, Issue:7 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Press	2012
Increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B deletion improves control of blood pressure in obesity. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2012, Volume: 60, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists; Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dose-Respon	2012
Increased urinary aldosterone excretion is associated with subcutaneous not visceral, adipose tissue area in obese individuals: a possible manifestation of dysfunctional subcutaneous adipose tissue. Clinical endocrinology, 2013, Volume: 79, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; C-Reactive Protein; Female	2013
Differential predictors of insulin resistance in nondiabetic salt-resistant and salt-sensitive subjects. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2013, Volume: 61, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Black People; Blood Glucose; Creatinine; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Epinephrine; F	2013
Dietary weight loss decreases serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in obese adults. Obesity research, 2002, Volume: 10, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Basal Metabolism; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Calorimetry; D	2002
[Urinary elimination of aldosterone in essential obesity in children]. Minerva medica, 1957, Aug-04, Volume: 48, Issue:61-62 Topics: Aldosterone; Child; Humans; Infant; Obesity	1957
[Determination of mineral-active adrenocortical function in essential infantile obesity (Pacchioli test and aldosterone determination)]. Minerva pediatrica, 1957, Dec-15, Volume: 9, Issue:50 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aldosterone; Body Fluids; Child; Infant; Minerals; Obesity	1957
[Aldosterone excretion in adipositas]. Arztliche Wochenschrift, 1959, Apr-24, Volume: 14, Issue:17 Topics: Adiposity; Aldosterone; Biological Transport; Body Fluids; Humans; Obesity	1959
[Causes of water retention in adipositas with special consideration on the adrenal cortex hormone aldosterone]. Acta endocrinologica, 1959, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Adiposity; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aldosterone; Body Fluids; Humans; Obesity; Water-Electrolyte Bal	1959
[Study of urinary elimination of aldosterone and catecholamines (adrenalin and noradrenalin) in the syndrome of plethoric obesity]. Revista clinica espanola, 1960, Oct-15, Volume: 79 Topics: Aldosterone; Catecholamines; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Obesity; Syndrome	1960
[Research on the process of water balance in obese patients under triiodothyronine therapy with special reference to aldosterone secretion in the urine and an antidiuretic principle in the serum (ADH)]. Acta endocrinologica, 1961, Volume: 37 Topics: Aldosterone; Arginine Vasopressin; Humans; Obesity; Research; Triiodothyronine; Vasopressins; Water-	1961
Glucose stimulation of salt retention in patients with aldosterone inhibition. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1962, Volume: 11 Topics: Aldosterone; Glucose; Humans; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Obesity; Sodium Chloride	1962
[Obesity, paralysis and hyperaldosteronism]. Acta paediatrica Belgica, 1961, Volume: 15 Topics: Aldosterone; Child; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Infant; Obesity; Paralysis	1961
[CONTRIBUTION TO STUDY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN ALDOSTERONURIA AND WATER DISTRIBUTION IN THE OBESE]. Endocrinologia e scienza della costituzione, 1963, Volume: 27 Topics: Aldosterone; Body Fluids; Cushing Syndrome; Diencephalon; Obesity; Pituitary Gland; Urine; Water; Wa	1963
[EXCRETION OF SOME NEUTRAL 17-KETOSTEROID FRACTIONS IN CEREBRAL OBESITY]. Orvosi hetilap, 1964, Apr-26, Volume: 105 Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Aldosterone; Androsterone; Body Fluids; Brain Diseases; Etiocholanolone; Humans; Hy	1964
METABOLIC STUDIES IN PROLONGED FASTING. I. INORGANIC METABOLISM AND KIDNEY FUNCTION. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1965, Volume: 14 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adolescent; Aldosterone; Alkalosis; Basal Metabolism; Body Weight;	1965
Human adipocytes secrete mineralocorticoid-releasing factors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003, Nov-25, Volume: 100, Issue:24 Topics: Adipocytes; Adrenal Cortex; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Base Sequence; Colforsin; Culture Me	2003
Epoxy-keto derivative of linoleic acid stimulates aldosterone secretion. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2004, Volume: 43, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Animals; Black People; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Linoleic Acid; Middle Aged; Obes	2004
Resistant hypertension, obesity, sleep apnea, and aldosterone: theory and therapy. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2004, Volume: 43, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Drug Resistance; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Mode	2004
Resistin/ADSF/FIZZ3 in obesity and diabetes. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, 2004, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Hormones, Ectopic; Insulin Resistance; M	2004
Weight loss and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2005, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Angiotensinogen; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory;	2005
Fat cells may be the obesity-hypertension link: human adipogenic factors stimulate aldosterone secretion from adrenocortical cells. Endocrine research, 2004, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Adipocytes; Adrenal Cortex; Adult; Aldosterone; Animals; Cattle; Cells, Cultured; Female; Humans; Hy	2004
Obesity-induced hypertension develops in young rats independently of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.), 2006, Volume: 231, Issue:3 Topics: Acetylcholine; Aging; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cardiovascular System; Dietary Fats; Dise	2006
Aldosterone infusion with high-NaCl diet increases blood pressure in obese but not lean Zucker rats. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2006, Volume: 291, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Down-Regulation; Epithelial Sodium Channels; Loop of Henle; Ma	2006
[Blood pressure elevation in obese descendants of parents with essential arterial hypertension and its relation to the renin-angiotensin axis, C-reactive protein, and saline taste sensitivity]. Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia, 2006, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; C-Reactive Protein; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorides; Diastole; Fe	2006
Increased aldosterone/renin quotient in obese hypertensive women: a novel role for low-density lipoproteins? Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2006, Volume: 38, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Glucose; Cells, Cultured; Female; Humans	2006
Enhanced aldosterone signaling in the early nephropathy of rats with metabolic syndrome: possible contribution of fat-derived factors. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2006, Volume: 17, Issue:12 Topics: Adipocytes; Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Animals; Cyclic N-Oxides; Disease Models, Animal; Eplerenon	2006
[Renal physiology]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi, 2007, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney; Kidney Functi	2007
Possibly simultaneous primary aldosteronism and preclinical Cushing's syndrome in a patient with double adenomas of right adrenal gland. Endocrine journal, 2007, Volume: 54, Issue:2 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Cushing Syndrome; Enzymes; Female; Humans; Hydrocorti	2007
Pivotal role of the mineralocorticoid receptor in corticosteroid-induced adipogenesis. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2007, Volume: 21, Issue:9 Topics: Adipocytes, White; Adipogenesis; Adipose Tissue, White; Aldosterone; Animals; Cell Differentiation;	2007
DOCA stimulates salt appetite in Zucker rats: effect of dose, synergistic action with central angiotensin II, and obesity. Brain research bulletin, 2007, Sep-14, Volume: 74, Issue:1-3 Topics: Aldosterone; Analysis of Variance; Angiotensin II; Animals; Appetite Regulation; Behavior, Animal; D	2007
Salt-induced nephropathy in obese spontaneously hypertensive rats via paradoxical activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor: role of oxidative stress. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2007, Volume: 50, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Antioxidants; Cyclic N-Oxides; Disease Models, Animal; Eplerenone; Hypertensio	2007
Sympathoadrenergic and metabolic factors are involved in ambulatory blood pressure rise in childhood obesity. Journal of human hypertension, 2008, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Body Ma	2008
Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade reverses obesity-related changes in expression of adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, and proinflammatory adipokines. Circulation, 2008, Apr-29, Volume: 117, Issue:17 Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipokines; Adiponectin; Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Biomarkers; Body Weight	2008
Body mass index predicts plasma aldosterone concentrations in overweight-obese primary hypertensive patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2008, Volume: 93, Issue:7 Topics: Aldosterone; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Overweight;	2008
Aldosterone, 17-hydroxycorticosteroid, 17-ketosteroid, and fluid and electrolyte responses to starvation and selective refeeding. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1967, Volume: 254, Issue:5 Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; 17-Ketosteroids; Adult; Aldosterone; Dietary Carbohydrates; Female; Human	1967
[Role of hormonal factors in the development of arterial hypertension in obesity]. Sovetskaia meditsina, 1982, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aldosterone; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity; Renin; Secretory Rat	1982
Intracellular electrolytes and hormonal parameters during weight reduction. Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 1984, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diet, Reducing; Electrolytes; Epoprostenol; Female;	1984
[Differential aspects of the dynamics of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in obesity with and without hypertension and in essential arterial hypertension]. Quaderni Sclavo di diagnostica clinica e di laboratorio, 1983, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Ob	1983
Effect of a moderately energy- and salt-reduced diet on body compartments and blood pressure control in obese men with mild hypertension. Acta medica Scandinavica, 1984, Volume: 216, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Body Fluid Compartments; Diet, Reduci	1984
Achievements in hypertension: a 25 year overview. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1983, Volume: 1, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity; Renin-Angiotensin	1983
Dopamine excretion during natriuresis of starvation. International journal of obesity, 1983, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Diet, Reducing; Dopamine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Natriuresis; Obesit	1983
Changes in endocrine activities relative to obesity in patients with essential hypertension. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 1981, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Energy Intake; Female; Humans; Hy	1981
The effect of weight reduction on blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone levels in obese patients. The New England journal of medicine, 1981, Apr-16, Volume: 304, Issue:16 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Electrolytes; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ob	1981
[Physiopathological aspects of arterial hypertension in obese subjects]. La Radiologia medica, 1980, Volume: 66, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Plasma Volume; R	1980
[Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in obese children]. Archives francaises de pediatrie, 1982, Volume: 39, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Height; Body Weight; Child; Child, Preschool; Female;	1982
Central obesity and hypertension: pathophysiologic role of renal haemodynamics and function. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1995, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Body Constitution; Body Mass Index; Cardiac Output; Female; Glomeru	1995
Gender differences in adrenal cortex steroid production in SHR/N-corpulent rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 1994, Volume: 207, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aldosterone; Animals; Corticosterone; Estrogens; Female; Go	1994
Renin and aldosterone are higher and the hyperinsulinemic effect of salt restriction greater in subjects with risk factors clustering. American journal of hypertension, 1994, Volume: 7, Issue:10 Pt 1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Anthropometry; Blood Pressure; Cluster Analysis; Coronary Disease; Diet; Diet, S	1994
Role of insulin and norepinephrine in the hypertension of obesity. American journal of hypertension, 1994, Volume: 7, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin; Male; Norepinephrine; Obesity; Renin; Wei	1994
Abnormalities in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normotensive subjects with a positive family history of hypertension. European journal of endocrinology, 1994, Volume: 131, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Medical Records; Middle Aged; Obesity	1994
Relative contribution of type I and II corticosterone receptors in VMH lesion-induced obesity and hyperinsulinemia. The American journal of physiology, 1994, Volume: 266, Issue:5 Pt 2 Topics: Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Androstanols; Animals; Female; Hyperinsulinism; Hyperphagia; Insulin; Ob	1994
Salt-regulating hormones in young normotensive obese subjects. Effects of saline load. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1994, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Suppl Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Creat	1994
Insulin sensitivity and renal sodium-water metabolism in obese normotensive subjects. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1993, Mar-15, Volume: 676 Topics: Aldosterone; Humans; Insulin; Kidney; Male; Natriuresis; Norepinephrine; Obesity; Renin	1993
Aldosterone and blood pressure in obese subjects during short-term starvation. Acta medica Croatica : casopis Hravatske akademije medicinskih znanosti, 1995, Volume: 49, Issue:4-5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Fasting; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity;	1995
Effects of hyperinsulinaemia on renal function and the pressor system in insulin-resistant obese adolescents. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 1996, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aldosterone; Glucose Clamp Technique; Humans; Hypertension; I	1996
Dexamethasone rapidly increases hypothalamic neuropeptide Y secretion in adrenalectomized ob/ob mice. The American journal of physiology, 1996, Volume: 271, Issue:1 Pt 1 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Corticotropin-	1996
Urinary calcium excretion in treated and untreated essential hypertension. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 1996, Volume: 7, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzothiadiazines; Blood G	1996
Effects of the glucocorticoid II receptor antagonist mifepristone on hypertension in the obese Zucker rat. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1997, Volume: 282, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Corticosterone; Hypertension; Male; Mifepristone; Obesity; Rat	1997
Control of excretion of potassium: lessons from studies during prolonged total fasting in human subjects. The American journal of physiology, 1997, Volume: 273, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Diuresis; Electrolytes; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Inf	1997
[The antiobesity effect of acupuncture and it's influence on water and salt metabolism]. Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research, 1996, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Edema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Po	1996
Chronic leptin infusion increases arterial pressure. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1998, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Pt 2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Brain; Carotid Arteries; Cort	1998
[Alterations of calcium, magnesium, and zinc in essential hypertension:their relation to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system]. Investigacion clinica, 1997, Volume: 38 Suppl 2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Black People; Calcium;	1997
Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and natriuretic peptide receptor gene expression in adipose tissue of normotensive and hypertensive obese patients. Journal of hypertension, 1997, Volume: 15, Issue:12 Pt 2 Topics: Actins; Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Biopsy, Needle; DNA Primers; Female;	1997
Renal effects of leptin in normotensive, hypertensive, and obese rats. The American journal of physiology, 1998, Volume: 275, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Hemodynamics; Hypertension; Kidney; Leptin; Male; Obesity; Pro	1998
Corticosterone binding to tissues of adrenalectomized lean and obese Zucker rats. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 1998, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Animals; Brain; Corticosterone; D	1998
Low calorie diet enhances renal, hemodynamic, and humoral effects of exogenous atrial natriuretic peptide in obese hypertensives. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1999, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Diet; Diuresis; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hyper	1999
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Obesity in the mouse model of pro-opiomelanocortin deficiency responds to peripheral melanocortin. Nature medicine, 1999, Volume: 5, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; alpha-MSH; Animals; Catecholamines; Cortic	1999
Platelet magnesium depletion in normotensive and hypertensive obese subjects: the role of salt-regulating hormones and catecholamines. Magnesium research, 1999, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Platelets; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Magnesium; Magnesium	1999
Adrenal responsiveness to high, low and very low ACTH 1-24 doses in obesity. Clinical endocrinology, 2000, Volume: 53, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Function Tests; Adult; Aldosterone; Case-Control Studies;	2000
Arterial pressure, left ventricular mass, and aldosterone in essential hypertension. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2001, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Black People; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Canada; Circadian Rhythm; Electro	2001
Effects of adrenalectomy and hormone replacement on B6C3F1 mice fed a high-fat diet. Physiology & behavior, 2001, Volume: 72, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Body	2001
Insulin, renin-aldosterone system and blood pressure in obese people. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2001, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Hyperinsulinism; Hypert	2001
Modulation of corticosterone availability to white adipose tissue of lean and obese Zucker rats by corticosteroid-binding globulin. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2001, Volume: 33, Issue:7 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Corticosterone; Dexamethasone; Female; Obesity; Radioimmunoass	2001
Association of acanthosis nigricans with risk of diabetes mellitus, and hormonal disturbances in arabian females: case-control study. Maturitas, 2001, Oct-31, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Acanthosis Nigricans; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	2001
Comparison of circulating and local adipose tissue renin-angiotensin system in normotensive and hypertensive obese subjects. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2002, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensinogen; Blood; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Midd	2002
[Reliability and diagnostic use of the furosemide test in the study of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di cardiologia, 1978, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Cushing Syndrome; Electrolytes; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hyperten	1978
Starvation---an interesting model for the study of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas, 1978, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Creatinine; Female; Glucose; Glucosephosphate Dehydr	1978
[New findings on the behavior of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in obesity]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1978, Mar-30, Volume: 54, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Male;	1978
[Relationship between hormone concentration in peripheral blood in hypertension, arteriosclerosis and obesity]. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 1976, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Arteriosclerosis; Female; Hormones; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypertension; Insuli	1976
[Aldosteronuria and its diurnal rhythm in constitutional-exogenous obesity in children]. Voprosy okhrany materinstva i detstva, 1975, Volume: 20, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Child; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity	1975
The role of atrial natriuretic peptide in natriuresis of fasting. Journal of hypertension, 1992, Volume: 10, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hypertensi	1992
Sexual dimorphism of the autonomic nervous system response to weight loss in obese patients. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 1992, Volume: 16, Issue:11 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Autonomic Nervous System; Energy Intake; Epinephrine; Female; Humans	1992
Urine sodium excretion in response to an oral glucose tolerance test in obese and nonobese adolescents. Pediatrics, 1992, Volume: 90, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Fasting	1992
Weight reduction decreases the circulating concentration of the N-terminus of the ANF prohormone. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1992, Volume: 303, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Pressure; Diet, Reducing; Female; Humans;	1992
Hyperinsulinemia and the aldosterone and pressor responses to angiotensin II. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1990, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Pt 2 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female	1990
[Treatment of obesity with a very low-energy dietetic regimen--the endocrine parallels]. Vutreshni bolesti, 1990, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Diet, Reducing; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Human	1990
Weight reduction decreases atrial natriuretic factor and blood pressure in obese patients. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1989, Volume: 38, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Blood Pressure; Electrolytes; Female; Heart Rat	1989
The effect of weight loss on the sensitivity of blood pressure to sodium in obese adolescents. The New England journal of medicine, 1989, Aug-31, Volume: 321, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Composition; Child; Female; Humans; Insulin; Male; Nor	1989
Insulin and renal sodium retention in obese adolescents. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1989, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Diuresis; Heart Rate; Humans; Insulin; Male;	1989
Hypertension in pseudohypoparathyroidism type I. The American journal of medicine, 1988, Volume: 85, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Catecholamines; Child;	1988
Regulation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis by corticosterone in obese fa/fa rats. International journal of obesity, 1985, Volume: 9 Suppl 2 Topics: Adipose Tissue, Brown; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Body Weight	1985
[Hypothalamic puberty syndrome]. Sovetskaia meditsina, 1986, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypotha	1986
[Effect of water immersion on plasma renin activity and aldosterone and vasopressin levels in the blood of patients with simple obesity]. Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1988, Apr-25, Volume: 43, Issue:17 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Arginine Vasopressin; Blood Pressure; Humans; Immersion; Middle Aged; Obesity; R	1988
[Plasma renin activity and aldosteronemia in patients with simple obesity and in persons with normal body weight at rest and after stimulation with furosemide and upright posture]. Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1988, Oct-03, Volume: 43, Issue:40 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Body Weight; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Posture; Re	1988
[The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in obesity associated with essential arterial hypertension]. Recenti progressi in medicina, 1987, Volume: 78, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Circadian Rhythm; Humans; Hypertension; Obesity; Renin; Renin-Angiotensin System	1987
[Intraerythrocytic sodium in dysmetabolic conditions]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1987, Jul-31, Volume: 63, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Erythrocytes; Humans; Insulin; Middle Aged; Obesity; Sodium	1987
Cellular sodium turnover in obese hypertensive men. Acta medica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1986, Volume: 714 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Erythrocytes; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Potassium; Sodiu	1986
Role for aldosterone in blood pressure regulation of obese adolescents. The American journal of cardiology, 1986, Mar-01, Volume: 57, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Child; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; O	1986
Urine dopamine in starving obese subjects. Clinical physiology and biochemistry, 1986, Volume: 4, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Dopamine; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Natriuresis; Obesity; Renin; Starvation	1986
Studies of marked and persistent sodium retention in previously fasted and sodium-deprived obese subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1987, Volume: 36, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Creatinine; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Electrolytes; Fasting; Female; Food; Humans	1987
Altered circadian plasma cortisol and aldosterone group rhythms in Cushing's syndrome versus obesity and health. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1987, Volume: 227B Topics: Aldosterone; Circadian Rhythm; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Obesity	1987
Aldosterone studies in obese patients with hypertension. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1985, Volume: 289, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diet, Reducing; Humans; Hypertension; Natriuresis; Obesity	1985
Effect of weight reduction on the renin-aldosterone axis. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1985, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diet, Reducing; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; Hu	1985
[Edemas--review of pathogenesis]. Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, 1985, Volume: 79, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Proteins; Edema; Edema, Cardiac; Extracellular Space; Glomerular Filtration Rate;	1985
Fasting in obese females. II. Plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone. Canadian Medical Association journal, 1968, Jun-01, Volume: 98, Issue:22 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Fasting; Female; Glucose; H	1968
[Aspects of adrenal cortex function in obesity. VI. The behavior of aldosterone secretion and secretion of its metabolites during some dynamic tests]. Folia endocrinologica, 1968, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; O	1968
Vascular reactivity in obesity. Revue roumaine de medecine (1974), 1974, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Catecholamines; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; H	1974
Cortisol and aldosterone excretion and plasma cortisol concentrations in normal and obese female subjects. Clinical science, 1972, Volume: 43, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Body Weight; Circadian Rhythm; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Hydrocort	1972
The roles of carbohydrate, renin, and aldosterone in sodium retention during and after total starvation. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1973, Volume: 22, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Carbon Isotopes; Creatinine; Dietary Carbohydrates; Female; Glomerular Fil	1973
Effect of aldosterone blockade during fasting and refeeding. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1973, Volume: 26, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aldosterone; Dietary Carbohydrates; Fasting; Female; Humans; Kidney Tubules,	1973
Rectal hyperpolarization following intestinal bypass for obesity. Gut, 1973, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Intestines; Middle Aged; Obesity; Potassium; Radioimmunoassay; R	1973
The significance of bile acids and aldosterone for the electrical hyperpolarization of human rectum in obese patients treated with intestinal bypass operation. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 1974, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Bile Acids and Salts; Biological Transport, Active; Chlorides; Chromatography, T	1974
[Aspects of adrenal cortex function in obesity. V. Daily secretion of aldosterone]. Folia endocrinologica, 1968, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aldosterone; Circadian Rhythm; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged;	1968
Influence of fasting on adrenocortical and pancreatic islet response to glucose loads in the obese. European journal of clinical investigation, 1970, Volume: 1, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aldosterone; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Fasting; Fat	1970
Hypertension. Southern medical journal, 1972, Volume: 65, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Black or African American; Diet; Humans; Hyperaldostero	1972
[New method for the determination of 7 fractions of 17-deoxycorticosteroid (DOC, Comp. B, Comp. A, allo THB, THB, THA and aldosterone) and their urinary excretion. 2. Urinary excretion during normal menstrual cycle and in patients with various disease]. Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai zasshi, 1972, Apr-20, Volume: 48, Issue:1 Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; Acromegaly; Adult; Aldosterone; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome; Collagen	1972
[Sodium balance during fasting and realimentation with special reference to a form of therapy for obesity]. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita, 1971, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Fasting; Food; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Insulin; Ketone	1971
Excessive fluid retention related to cellulose ingestion: studies on two patients. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1969, Volume: 18, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Body Weight; Cellulose; Diet; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Edema; Female; Humans; Ma	1969
[Adrenal cortical function in obesity]. Folia endocrinologica, 1969, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity; Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests	1969
[Changes in the urinary excretion of aldosterone during absolute fasting in the essentially obese]. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita, 1969, Volume: 5, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hyponatremia; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity	1969
Desoxycorticosterone secretion rate studies in edematous patients. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1970, Volume: 259, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Desoxycorticosterone; Edema; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Liver Cirrhosi	1970
The natriuresis of fasting: relationship to changes in plasma renin and plasma aldosterone concentrations. Clinical science, 1970, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Fasting; Female; Humans; Male; Natriuresis; Obesity; Potass	1970
Hypertension in apparently normal children. The Journal of pediatrics, 1971, Volume: 78, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hyper	1971
[Aspects of adrenal cortex function in obesity. IV. Research on urinary aldosterone and tetrahydroaldosterone and on the half-life of plasmatic aldosterone]. Folia endocrinologica, 1967, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity	1967
[Hyperaldosteronism after weight reduction by complete fasting]. Ugeskrift for laeger, 1969, Jan-30, Volume: 131, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Edema; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Midd	1969
[On the pathogenesis of the changes in water, sodium, and potassium metabolism caused by fasting in obese women]. Ceskoslovenska gastroenterologie a vyziva, 1969, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Diet; Fasting; Female; Humans; Obesity; Potassium; Sodium; Spironolactone; Water-Electr	1969
Aldosterone and sodium excretion in obese subjects on water diet. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1969, Volume: 18, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Natriuresis; Obesity; Potassium; Sodium; Sodium Isotopes; Starva	1969
[Effects of spirolactone in some cases of obesity (study of 53 cases)]. Bulletins et memoires de la Societe medicale des hopitaux de Paris, 1965, Oct-29, Volume: 116, Issue:13 Topics: 17-Ketosteroids; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Obesity;	1965
Changes in body water and sodium during prolonged starvation for extreme obesity. Clinical science, 1966, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Body Fluids; Female; Humans; Male; Natriuresis; Nitrogen; Obesity; Potassium; Sodium; S	1966

aldosterone and Obesity