aldosterone and Insulin Resistance studies

Insulin Resistance: Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Canrenone seems to be effective in reducing some factors involved in metabolic syndrome and in improving insulin-resistance and the inflammatory state observed in these patients."	9.17	Effects of canrenone in patients with metabolic syndrome. ( Bianchi, L; Bonaventura, A; D'Angelo, A; Derosa, G; Fogari, E; Maffioli, P; Romano, D, 2013)
" Decreases in aldosterone were associated with decreases in C-reactive protein, leptin, insulin, homeostasis assessment of insulin resistance, heart rate, tonic cardiac sympathovagal balance and increases in adiponectin (all P<0."	9.17	Changes in serum aldosterone are associated with changes in obesity-related factors in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. ( Barinas-Mitchell, E; Conroy, MB; Cooper, JN; Evans, RW; Fried, L; Mori Brooks, M; Sutton-Tyrrell, K; Tepper, P; Woodard, GA, 2013)
"To investigate the levels of total plasma renin and their possible relationship with insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia and to explore the effect of metformin on these parameters in PCOS women."	9.14	Hyperreninemia characterizing women with polycystic ovary syndrome improves after metformin therapy. ( Diamanti-Kandarakis, E; Economou, FN; Livadas, S; Panidis, D; Papavassiliou, AG; Piperi, C; Tantalaki, E, 2009)
"Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, but the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on IGT are not well described."	9.12	Comparison of the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on insulin resistance and hormonal markers in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and early diabetes. ( Eguchi, K; Fukuda, T; Hoshide, S; Ishikawa, J; Kario, K; Numao, T; Shimada, K; Tomizawa, H, 2007)
" Most of the deleterious actions of the RAAS on insulin sensitivity appear to be mediated through activation of the Angiotensin II (Ang II) Receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) and increased production of mineralocorticoids."	8.85	Role of aldosterone and angiotensin II in insulin resistance: an update. ( Lastra-González, G; Lastra-Lastra, G; Manrique-Acevedo, C; Restrepo-Erazo, K; Sowers, JR, 2009)
"We hypothesized that nicotine would ameliorate insulin resistance (IR) that is accompanied by decreased cardiac glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)."	7.88	Ameliorative effect of nicotine exposure on insulin resistance is accompanied by decreased cardiac glycogen synthase kinase-3 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 during oral oestrogen-progestin therapy. ( Michael, OS; Olatunji, LA, 2018)
" Anthropometric parameters and aldosterone, plasma renin activity, cortisol, cortisone, Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, IL-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 levels and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-9 and MMP-2) activities were measured."	7.83	Cortisol/cortisone ratio and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity are associated with pediatric primary hypertension. ( Aglony, M; Allende, F; Bancalari, R; Baudrand, R; Campino, C; Carvajal, CA; Fardella, CE; Fuentes, CA; García, H; García, L; Kalergis, AM; Lagos, CF; Loureiro, C; Martinez-Aguayo, A; Sanhueza, S; Solari, S; Tapia-Castillo, A; Valdivia, C; Vecchiola, A, 2016)
" Our objective was to evaluate the impact of a COC containing 20 mcg EE + 3 mg drospirenone on blood pressure (BP), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, insulin resistance, and androgenic profile of healthy young women."	7.81	Effects of a combined oral contraceptive containing 20 mcg of ethinylestradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone on the blood pressure, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, insulin resistance, and androgenic profile of healthy young women. ( Baracat, EC; Consolim-Colombo, FM; Giribela, AH; Giribela, CR; Melo, NR; Moraes, TL; Nisenbaum, MG, 2015)
"There are not studies about the utility of modified liberation doxazosin (MLD) in the combined treatment of the true resistant hypertension (TRH)."	7.72	[Effect of modified liberation doxazosin on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and catecholamine secretion in patients with true resistant hypertension]. ( Aliaga Martínez, L; Fernández-Torres, C; Jiménez-Alonso, J; Mediavilla García, JD; Sabio, JM, 2004)
"Insulin sensitivity was assessed by determining whole-body glucose disposal during a hyperinsulinemic clamp."	6.87	Aldosterone Is Not Associated With Metabolic and Microvascular Insulin Sensitivity in Abdominally Obese Men. ( de Leeuw, PW; Houben, AJHM; Joris, PJ; Kusters, YHAM; Mensink, RP; Plat, J; Schalkwijk, CG; Scheijen, JLJM; Schütten, MTJ; Stehouwer, CDA; van de Waarenburg, MPH, 2018)
"Aldosterone has a key role in the pathophysiology of heart failure."	6.74	Aldosterone status associated with insulin resistance in patients with heart failure--data from the ALOFT study. ( Connell, JM; Freel, EM; Latini, R; Lewsey, JD; Maggioni, AP; McMurray, JJ; Pitt, B; Solomon, S; Tsorlalis, IK, 2009)
"Aldosterone may produce insulin resistance secondarily by altering potassium, increasing inflammatory cytokines, and reducing beneficial adipokines such as adiponectin."	6.50	Effects of aldosterone on insulin sensitivity and secretion. ( Luther, JM, 2014)
"In addition, insulin resistance is not limited to classic insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle, but it also affects the cardiovascular system, where it participates in the development of CVD and CKD."	6.46	Salt, aldosterone, and insulin resistance: impact on the cardiovascular system. ( Dhuper, S; Johnson, MS; Lastra, G; Sowers, JR, 2010)
"In all patients, hyperaldosteronism was resolved after ADX."	5.56	Lipoprotein insulin resistance score and branched-chain amino acids increase after adrenalectomy for unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma: a preliminary study. ( Adolf, C; Berends, AMA; Connelly, MA; Dullaart, RPF; Reincke, M, 2020)
"Aldosterone levels were associated with cardiac hypertrophy and carotid artery stenosis."	5.48	Aldosterone and Insulin Resistance: Vicious Combination in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis. ( Inamoto, H; Itoh, H; Kawashima, S; Minakuchi, H; Minakuchi, J; Miya, K; Tada, H; Takamatsu, N; Tani, E; Wakino, S, 2018)
"Chronic HFD exposure further promoted hyperinsulinemia in ASKO mice that contributed to visceral fat accumulation accompanied by reduced lipolysis, thermogenic reprogramming, and the absence of weight-gain-related EE increases."	5.48	Aldosterone deficiency in mice burdens respiration and accentuates diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and obesity. ( Faresse, N; Henneberg, M; Langhans, W; Liao, WH; Odermatt, A; Pacheco Lopez, G; Steuer, AE; Suendermann, C, 2018)
"The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy were made according to the guidelines of the Chinese Society of Obstetrics."	5.38	Renin angiotensin aldosterone system and glycemia in pregnancy. ( Chen, GJ; Chen, YP; Gong, J; Hocher, B; Li, J; Pfab, T; Reichetzeder, C; Wang, ZN; Xiao, XM; Xu, H, 2012)
"Aldosterone plays a role in hypertension, and hypertension is prevalent in patients with insulin resistance."	5.37	Plasma aldosterone levels and development of insulin resistance: prospective study in a general population. ( Adachi, H; Enomoto, M; Esaki, E; Fukami, A; Hirai, Y; Imaizumi, T; Jacobs, DR; Kasahara, A; Kumagae, S; Kumagai, E; Nanjo, Y; Ogata, K; Ohbu-Murayama, K; Otsuka, M; Tsukagawa, E; Yokoi, K; Yoshikawa, K, 2011)
"The aldosterone level was comparable in both groups."	5.35	Diastolic dysfunction is associated with insulin resistance, but not with aldosterone level in normotensive offspring of hypertensive families. ( Poredos, P; Trojar, A; Zeljko, T; Zizek, B, 2008)
"Hypertension and obesity are highly prevalent among African Americans (AAs)."	5.35	Aldosterone contributes to blood pressure variance and to likelihood of hypertension in normal-weight and overweight African Americans. ( Grim, CE; Kidambi, S; Kotchen, JM; Kotchen, TA; Krishnaswami, S, 2009)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by the onset of both cardiac and gluco-metabolic alterations."	5.34	Aldosterone as a key mediator of the cardiometabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism: an observational study. ( Agostinelli, L; Boscaro, M; Giacchetti, G; Mantero, F; Rilli, S; Ronconi, V; Turchi, F, 2007)
"Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone that regulates blood pressure and salt/water balance."	5.33	Aldosterone inhibits uncoupling protein-1, induces insulin resistance, and stimulates proinflammatory adipokines in adipocytes. ( Fasshauer, M; Jäger, J; Klein, J; Kraus, D; Meier, B, 2005)
"To measure the effects of hyperinsulinemia on serum electrolyte status and associated hormones, and on serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations, in patients with essential hypertension."	5.31	Serum aldosterone changes during hyperinsulinemia are correlated to body mass index and insulin sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension. ( Haenni, A; Lind, L; Lithell, H; Reneland, R, 2001)
"We conclude that 6 weeks of treatment with spironolactone does not change insulin sensitivity or endothelial function in normotensive obese individuals with no other comorbidities."	5.19	Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. ( Adler, GK; Garg, R; Kneen, L; Williams, GH, 2014)
" Decreases in aldosterone were associated with decreases in C-reactive protein, leptin, insulin, homeostasis assessment of insulin resistance, heart rate, tonic cardiac sympathovagal balance and increases in adiponectin (all P<0."	5.17	Changes in serum aldosterone are associated with changes in obesity-related factors in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. ( Barinas-Mitchell, E; Conroy, MB; Cooper, JN; Evans, RW; Fried, L; Mori Brooks, M; Sutton-Tyrrell, K; Tepper, P; Woodard, GA, 2013)
"Canrenone seems to be effective in reducing some factors involved in metabolic syndrome and in improving insulin-resistance and the inflammatory state observed in these patients."	5.17	Effects of canrenone in patients with metabolic syndrome. ( Bianchi, L; Bonaventura, A; D'Angelo, A; Derosa, G; Fogari, E; Maffioli, P; Romano, D, 2013)
"To investigate the levels of total plasma renin and their possible relationship with insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia and to explore the effect of metformin on these parameters in PCOS women."	5.14	Hyperreninemia characterizing women with polycystic ovary syndrome improves after metformin therapy. ( Diamanti-Kandarakis, E; Economou, FN; Livadas, S; Panidis, D; Papavassiliou, AG; Piperi, C; Tantalaki, E, 2009)
"Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, but the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on IGT are not well described."	5.12	Comparison of the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on insulin resistance and hormonal markers in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and early diabetes. ( Eguchi, K; Fukuda, T; Hoshide, S; Ishikawa, J; Kario, K; Numao, T; Shimada, K; Tomizawa, H, 2007)
" Most of the deleterious actions of the RAAS on insulin sensitivity appear to be mediated through activation of the Angiotensin II (Ang II) Receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) and increased production of mineralocorticoids."	4.85	Role of aldosterone and angiotensin II in insulin resistance: an update. ( Lastra-González, G; Lastra-Lastra, G; Manrique-Acevedo, C; Restrepo-Erazo, K; Sowers, JR, 2009)
"Spironolactone treatment might increase insulin resistance in patients with PA."	3.96	Changes in Glucose Metabolism after Adrenalectomy or Treatment with a Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist for Primary Aldosteronism. ( Chang, CH; Chung, SD; Hu, YH; Lin, YF; Peng, KY; Wu, VC, 2020)
"We hypothesized that nicotine would ameliorate insulin resistance (IR) that is accompanied by decreased cardiac glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)."	3.88	Ameliorative effect of nicotine exposure on insulin resistance is accompanied by decreased cardiac glycogen synthase kinase-3 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 during oral oestrogen-progestin therapy. ( Michael, OS; Olatunji, LA, 2018)
"These results demonstrates that hypertension and insulin resistance induced by COC is associated with increased cardiac RAS and PAI-1 gene expression, which is likely to be through corticosterone-dependent but not aldosterone-dependent mechanism."	3.85	Activation of cardiac renin-angiotensin system and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene expressions in oral contraceptive-induced cardiometabolic disorder. ( Kim, IK; Olatunji, LA; Seok, YM; Usman, TO, 2017)
" Anthropometric parameters and aldosterone, plasma renin activity, cortisol, cortisone, Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, IL-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 levels and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-9 and MMP-2) activities were measured."	3.83	Cortisol/cortisone ratio and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity are associated with pediatric primary hypertension. ( Aglony, M; Allende, F; Bancalari, R; Baudrand, R; Campino, C; Carvajal, CA; Fardella, CE; Fuentes, CA; García, H; García, L; Kalergis, AM; Lagos, CF; Loureiro, C; Martinez-Aguayo, A; Sanhueza, S; Solari, S; Tapia-Castillo, A; Valdivia, C; Vecchiola, A, 2016)
" Our objective was to evaluate the impact of a COC containing 20 mcg EE + 3 mg drospirenone on blood pressure (BP), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, insulin resistance, and androgenic profile of healthy young women."	3.81	Effects of a combined oral contraceptive containing 20 mcg of ethinylestradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone on the blood pressure, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, insulin resistance, and androgenic profile of healthy young women. ( Baracat, EC; Consolim-Colombo, FM; Giribela, AH; Giribela, CR; Melo, NR; Moraes, TL; Nisenbaum, MG, 2015)
" The reasons for low MSNA and a lack of sympathetically mediated support of REE after gastric bypass are likely multifactorial and may be related to changes in insulin sensitivity, body composition, and leptin, among other factors."	3.79	Sympathetic support of energy expenditure and sympathetic nervous system activity after gastric bypass surgery. ( Charkoudian, N; Curry, TB; Groenewald, CB; Hines, CN; Joyner, MJ; Miles, JM; Somaraju, M, 2013)
"Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is used to manage hypertension and heart failure; however, its side effects include mild hypokalemia, metabolic abnormalities, and volume depletion, which might have deleterious effects on renal and endothelial function."	3.74	Thiazide-induced subtle renal injury not observed in states of equivalent hypokalemia. ( Byer, K; Croker, BP; Hu, H; Johnson, RJ; Mu, W; Nakagawa, T; Patel, JM; Reungjui, S; Roncal, CA; Simoni, J; Sitprija, V; Srinivas, T; Wesson, D, 2007)
"There are not studies about the utility of modified liberation doxazosin (MLD) in the combined treatment of the true resistant hypertension (TRH)."	3.72	[Effect of modified liberation doxazosin on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and catecholamine secretion in patients with true resistant hypertension]. ( Aliaga Martínez, L; Fernández-Torres, C; Jiménez-Alonso, J; Mediavilla García, JD; Sabio, JM, 2004)
" Five of these patients with aldosterone producing adenoma were operated on and four patients with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism were treated with spironolactone."	3.70	Insulin action in primary hyperaldosteronism before and after surgical or pharmacological treatment. ( Haas, T; Hilgertová, J; Prázný, M; Sindelka, G; Skrha, J; Widimský, J, 2000)
"Insulin sensitivity was assessed by determining whole-body glucose disposal during a hyperinsulinemic clamp."	2.87	Aldosterone Is Not Associated With Metabolic and Microvascular Insulin Sensitivity in Abdominally Obese Men. ( de Leeuw, PW; Houben, AJHM; Joris, PJ; Kusters, YHAM; Mensink, RP; Plat, J; Schalkwijk, CG; Scheijen, JLJM; Schütten, MTJ; Stehouwer, CDA; van de Waarenburg, MPH, 2018)
"Systemic insulin resistance is characterized by reduced insulin metabolic signaling and glucose intolerance."	2.82	Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation in Vascular Insulin Resistance and Dysfunction. ( Hill, MA; Igbekele, AE; Jia, G; Sowers, JR, 2022)
"Aldosterone has a key role in the pathophysiology of heart failure."	2.74	Aldosterone status associated with insulin resistance in patients with heart failure--data from the ALOFT study. ( Connell, JM; Freel, EM; Latini, R; Lewsey, JD; Maggioni, AP; McMurray, JJ; Pitt, B; Solomon, S; Tsorlalis, IK, 2009)
"Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that regulates blood pressure and cardiovascular function by acting on renal and vascular mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) to promote sodium retention and modulate endothelial function."	2.72	Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and related disorders: from basic studies to clinical disease. ( Jia, G; Lockette, W; Sowers, JR, 2021)
" The efficacy of MMF as an immunosuppressant and long-term safety in cats of this dosage regimen is unknown."	2.61	( Abrams, G; Adolfsson, E; Agarwal, PK; Akkan, AG; Al Alhareth, NS; Alves, VGL; Armentano, R; Bahroos, E; Baig, M; Baldridge, KK; Barman, S; Bartolucci, C; Basit, A; Bertoli, SV; Bian, L; Bigatti, G; Bobenko, AI; Boix, PP; Bokulic, T; Bolink, HJ; Borowiec, J; Bulski, W; Burciaga, J; Butt, NS; Cai, AL; Campos, AM; Cao, G; Cao, Y; Čapo, I; Caruso, ML; Chao, CT; Cheatum, CM; Chelminski, K; Chen, AJW; Chen, C; Chen, CH; Chen, D; Chen, G; Chen, H; Chen, LH; Chen, R; Chen, RX; Chen, X; Cherdtrakulkiat, R; Chirvony, VS; Cho, JG; Chu, K; Ciurlino, D; Coletta, S; Contaldo, G; Crispi, F; Cui, JF; D'Esposito, M; de Biase, S; Demir, B; Deng, W; Deng, Z; Di Pinto, F; Domenech-Ximenos, B; Dong, G; Drácz, L; Du, XJ; Duan, LJ; Duan, Y; Ekendahl, D; Fan, W; Fang, L; Feng, C; Followill, DS; Foreman, SC; Fortunato, G; Frew, R; Fu, M; Gaál, V; Ganzevoort, W; Gao, DM; Gao, X; Gao, ZW; Garcia-Alvarez, A; Garza, MS; Gauthier, L; Gazzaz, ZJ; Ge, RS; Geng, Y; Genovesi, S; Geoffroy, V; Georg, D; Gigli, GL; Gong, J; Gong, Q; Groeneveld, J; Guerra, V; Guo, Q; Guo, X; Güttinger, R; Guyo, U; Haldar, J; Han, DS; Han, S; Hao, W; Hayman, A; He, D; Heidari, A; Heller, S; Ho, CT; Ho, SL; Hong, SN; Hou, YJ; Hu, D; Hu, X; Hu, ZY; Huang, JW; Huang, KC; Huang, Q; Huang, T; Hwang, JK; Izewska, J; Jablonski, CL; Jameel, T; Jeong, HK; Ji, J; Jia, Z; Jiang, W; Jiang, Y; Kalumpha, M; Kang, JH; Kazantsev, P; Kazemier, BM; Kebede, B; Khan, SA; Kiss, J; Kohen, A; Kolbenheyer, E; Konai, MM; Koniarova, I; Kornblith, E; Krawetz, RJ; Kreouzis, T; Kry, SF; Laepple, T; Lalošević, D; Lan, Y; Lawung, R; Lechner, W; Lee, KH; Lee, YH; Leonard, C; Li, C; Li, CF; Li, CM; Li, F; Li, J; Li, L; Li, S; Li, X; Li, Y; Li, YB; Li, Z; Liang, C; Lin, J; Lin, XH; Ling, M; Link, TM; Liu, HH; Liu, J; Liu, M; Liu, W; Liu, YP; Lou, H; Lu, G; Lu, M; Lun, SM; Ma, Z; Mackensen, A; Majumdar, S; Martineau, C; Martínez-Pastor, JP; McQuaid, JR; Mehrabian, H; Meng, Y; Miao, T; Miljković, D; Mo, J; Mohamed, HSH; Mohtadi, M; Mol, BWJ; Moosavi, L; Mosdósi, B; Nabu, S; Nava, E; Ni, L; Novakovic-Agopian, T; Nyamunda, BC; Nyul, Z; Önal, B; Özen, D; Özyazgan, S; Pajkrt, E; Palazon, F; Park, HW; Patai, Á; Patai, ÁV; Patzke, GR; Payette, G; Pedoia, V; Peelen, MJCS; Pellitteri, G; Peng, J; Perea, RJ; Pérez-Del-Rey, D; Popović, DJ; Popović, JK; Popović, KJ; Posecion, L; Povall, J; Prachayasittikul, S; Prachayasittikul, V; Prat-González, S; Qi, B; Qu, B; Rakshit, S; Ravelli, ACJ; Ren, ZG; Rivera, SM; Salo, P; Samaddar, S; Samper, JLA; Samy El Gendy, NM; Schmitt, N; Sekerbayev, KS; Sepúlveda-Martínez, Á; Sessolo, M; Severi, S; Sha, Y; Shen, FF; Shen, X; Shen, Y; Singh, P; Sinthupoom, N; Siri, S; Sitges, M; Slovak, JE; Solymosi, N; Song, H; Song, J; Song, M; Spingler, B; Stewart, I; Su, BL; Su, JF; Suming, L; Sun, JX; Tantimavanich, S; Tashkandi, JM; Taurbayev, TI; Tedgren, AC; Tenhunen, M; Thwaites, DI; Tibrewala, R; Tomsejm, M; Triana, CA; Vakira, FM; Valdez, M; Valente, M; Valentini, AM; Van de Winckel, A; van der Lee, R; Varga, F; Varga, M; Villarino, NF; Villemur, R; Vinatha, SP; Vincenti, A; Voskamp, BJ; Wang, B; Wang, C; Wang, H; Wang, HT; Wang, J; Wang, M; Wang, N; Wang, NC; Wang, Q; Wang, S; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wang, Z; Wen, N; Wesolowska, P; Willis, M; Wu, C; Wu, D; Wu, L; Wu, X; Wu, Z; Xia, JM; Xia, X; Xia, Y; Xiao, J; Xiao, Y; Xie, CL; Xie, LM; Xie, S; Xing, Z; Xu, C; Xu, J; Yan, D; Yan, K; Yang, S; Yang, X; Yang, XW; Ye, M; Yin, Z; Yoon, N; Yoon, Y; Yu, H; Yu, K; Yu, ZY; Zhang, B; Zhang, GY; Zhang, H; Zhang, J; Zhang, M; Zhang, Q; Zhang, S; Zhang, W; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhang, YW; Zhang, Z; Zhao, D; Zhao, F; Zhao, P; Zhao, W; Zhao, Z; Zheng, C; Zhi, D; Zhou, C; Zhou, FY; Zhu, D; Zhu, J; Zhu, Q; Zinyama, NP; Zou, M; Zou, Z, 2019)
"The progression to ESRD in patients with obesity and diabetes continues despite widespread use of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) along with aggressive blood pressure and glycemic control in these high-risk populations."	2.55	Obesity and kidney disease: from population to basic science and the search for new therapeutic targets. ( Sowers, JR; Whaley-Connell, A, 2017)
"Aldosterone may produce insulin resistance secondarily by altering potassium, increasing inflammatory cytokines, and reducing beneficial adipokines such as adiponectin."	2.50	Effects of aldosterone on insulin sensitivity and secretion. ( Luther, JM, 2014)
"In addition, insulin resistance is not limited to classic insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle, but it also affects the cardiovascular system, where it participates in the development of CVD and CKD."	2.46	Salt, aldosterone, and insulin resistance: impact on the cardiovascular system. ( Dhuper, S; Johnson, MS; Lastra, G; Sowers, JR, 2010)
"Individuals with primary aldosteronism make up a substantial proportion of those with hypertension."	2.44	Hyperaldosteronism: a commonly occurring underlying feature of essential hypertension and the metabolic syndrome? ( Chun, TY; Pratt, JH, 2007)
"Hypertension is often associated clinically with diabetes as part of the insulin-resistance syndrome or as a manifestation of renal disease."	2.43	Hypertension and diabetes: role of the renin-angiotensin system. ( Cooper, ME; Jandeleit-Dahm, K, 2006)
"Obesity is a common problem in much of the western world today in that is linked directly with several disease processes, notably, hypertension."	2.42	Hypertension and obesity. ( Aneja, A; El-Atat, F; McFarlane, SI; Sowers, JR, 2004)
"Patients with primary aldosteronism can have impaired pancreatic insulin release and reduction in insulin sensitivity."	2.42	The effect of aldosterone on glucose metabolism. ( Corry, DB; Tuck, ML, 2003)
"Improved insulin sensitivity was accompanied by increased glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) expression in conjunction with decreased soleus free fatty acid and IMC lipid content, as well as CD36 expression."	1.72	Mineralocorticoid Receptors Mediate Diet-Induced Lipid Infiltration of Skeletal Muscle and Insulin Resistance. ( Habibi, J; Hulse, JL; Igbekele, AE; Jia, G; Li, J; Sowers, JR; Whaley-Connell, A; Zhang, B, 2022)
"Aldosterone was not associated with type 2 diabetes (OR: 1."	1.72	Association of renin and aldosterone with glucose metabolism in a Western European population: the KORA F4/FF4 study. ( Bidlingmaier, M; Heier, M; Herder, C; Koenig, W; Maalmi, H; Meisinger, C; Meitinger, T; Peters, A; Rathmann, W; Reincke, M; Ritzel, K; Roden, M; Seissler, J; Stumvoll, M; Sujana, C; Then, C; Then, H; Thorand, B, 2022)
"In all patients, hyperaldosteronism was resolved after ADX."	1.56	Lipoprotein insulin resistance score and branched-chain amino acids increase after adrenalectomy for unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma: a preliminary study. ( Adolf, C; Berends, AMA; Connelly, MA; Dullaart, RPF; Reincke, M, 2020)
"05), with a nonlinear dose-response trend, but the association between 11-deoxycorticosterone and T2DM was no statistical significance after adjustment."	1.56	Mineralocorticoids, glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Henan Rural Cohort study. ( Fan, M; Hou, J; Huo, W; Jiang, J; Li, L; Li, R; Liu, X; Mao, Z; Qiao, D; Tu, R; Wang, C; Wang, Y; Wei, D; Yang, X; Yu, S; Zhang, J, 2020)
"Primary aldosteronism impairs insulin secretion."	1.56	Insulin secretion and sensitivity before and after surgical treatment for aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Fukuoka, H; Hirota, Y; Iguchi, G; Komada, H; Nakamura, T; Ogawa, W; Okuno, Y; Sakaguchi, K; So, A; Takahashi, Y, 2020)
"Aldosterone levels were associated with cardiac hypertrophy and carotid artery stenosis."	1.48	Aldosterone and Insulin Resistance: Vicious Combination in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis. ( Inamoto, H; Itoh, H; Kawashima, S; Minakuchi, H; Minakuchi, J; Miya, K; Tada, H; Takamatsu, N; Tani, E; Wakino, S, 2018)
"Chronic HFD exposure further promoted hyperinsulinemia in ASKO mice that contributed to visceral fat accumulation accompanied by reduced lipolysis, thermogenic reprogramming, and the absence of weight-gain-related EE increases."	1.48	Aldosterone deficiency in mice burdens respiration and accentuates diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and obesity. ( Faresse, N; Henneberg, M; Langhans, W; Liao, WH; Odermatt, A; Pacheco Lopez, G; Steuer, AE; Suendermann, C, 2018)
"(1) Within a normotensive range, hyperinsulinemia and/or insulin resistance influence daily BP variation more than obesity does, suggesting a pivotal role of insulin on BP control in PCOS; (2) altered insulinemic state and ABPM-derived higher nighttime BP and HR may represent early markers to identify PCOS subjects prone to high cardiovascular risk."	1.46	Hyperinsulinemia and obese phenotype differently influence blood pressure in young normotensive patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. ( Azzolini, S; Bleve, L; Cà, AD; Fallo, F; Maffei, P; Mioni, R; Turra, J; Vettor, R; Xamin, N, 2017)
"Plasma aldosterone is elevated in type 2 diabetes and obesity in experimental and clinical studies and can act to inhibit both glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by the β-cell and insulin signaling."	1.43	Aldosterone Synthase Inhibition Improves Glucose Tolerance in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rats. ( Bornstein, SR; Brown, NF; Brunssen, C; Deussen, A; Eisenhofer, G; Engelmann, F; Hofmann, A; Huber, J; Jannasch, A; Martin, M; Mittag, J; Morawietz, H; Peitzsch, M; Streicher, R; Weldon, SM, 2016)
"Metabolic syndrome is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases."	1.42	Adipocyte Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation Leads to Metabolic Syndrome and Induction of Prostaglandin D2 Synthase. ( Adler, GK; Alvarez de la Rosa, D; El Mogrhabi, S; Fallo, F; Feraco, A; Jaisser, F; Nguyen Dinh Cat, A; Quilliot, D; Rossignol, P; Sierra-Ramos, C; Touyz, RM; Urbanet, R; Venteclef, N, 2015)
"Canrenone is a derivative of spironolactone with lower antiandrogen activity."	1.40	Aldosterone receptor blockers spironolactone and canrenone: two multivalent drugs. ( Armanini, D; Bordin, L; Clari, G; Donà, G; Sabbadin, C, 2014)
"Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps and two-dimensional echocardiograms were used to evaluate cardiac function."	1.39	Obesity and insulin resistance induce early development of diastolic dysfunction in young female mice fed a Western diet. ( Aroor, AR; DeMarco, VG; Garro, M; Habibi, J; Hayden, MR; Manrique, C; Mugerfeld, I; Sowers, JR, 2013)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) patients display an increased incidence of insulin resistance."	1.38	Genes implicated in insulin resistance are down-regulated in primary aldosteronism patients. ( Bertello, C; Fallo, F; Giraudo, G; Monticone, S; Mulatero, P; Urbanet, R; Veglio, F; Vettor, R; Williams, TA, 2012)
"Obesity is a major risk factor for hypertension."	1.38	Increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B deletion improves control of blood pressure in obesity. ( Ali, MI; Belin de Chantemèle, EJ; Fulton, DJ; Mintz, JD; Rainey, WE; Stepp, DW; Tremblay, ML, 2012)
"The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy were made according to the guidelines of the Chinese Society of Obstetrics."	1.38	Renin angiotensin aldosterone system and glycemia in pregnancy. ( Chen, GJ; Chen, YP; Gong, J; Hocher, B; Li, J; Pfab, T; Reichetzeder, C; Wang, ZN; Xiao, XM; Xu, H, 2012)
"Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR)."	1.37	Cardiovascular correlates of insulin resistance in normotensive and hypertensive African Americans. ( Grim, CE; Kidambi, S; Kotchen, JM; Kotchen, TA; Krishnaswami, S, 2011)
"Aldosterone plays a role in hypertension, and hypertension is prevalent in patients with insulin resistance."	1.37	Plasma aldosterone levels and development of insulin resistance: prospective study in a general population. ( Adachi, H; Enomoto, M; Esaki, E; Fukami, A; Hirai, Y; Imaizumi, T; Jacobs, DR; Kasahara, A; Kumagae, S; Kumagai, E; Nanjo, Y; Ogata, K; Ohbu-Murayama, K; Otsuka, M; Tsukagawa, E; Yokoi, K; Yoshikawa, K, 2011)
"Insulin resistance was measured after each diet and compared statistically, unadjusted and adjusted for important covariates."	1.37	Low-salt diet increases insulin resistance in healthy subjects. ( Adler, GK; Brown, NJ; Garg, R; Hopkins, PN; Hurwitz, S; Williams, GH, 2011)
"Metabolic syndrome was defined according to ATPIII criteria."	1.36	Metabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension: relationship to adiponectin gene variants. ( Agostinelli, L; Boscaro, M; Di Mattia, D; Giacchetti, G; Rilli, S; Ronconi, V; Turchi, F, 2010)
"Insulin resistance in primary aldosteronism might occur in compartments other than fat and/or depend on concurrent environmental factors."	1.36	Analysis of insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue of patients with primary aldosteronism. ( Calcagno, A; Fallo, F; Giacchetti, G; Giorgino, F; Gomez-Sanchez, C; Hubert, EL; Mulatero, P; Peschechera, A; Pilon, C; Sonino, N; Toffanin, M; Urbanet, R; Vettor, R; Zennaro, MC, 2010)
"Insulin resistance is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and may play a role in its pathophysiology."	1.36	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in primary aldosteronism: a pilot study. ( Bertello, C; Catena, C; Dalla Pozza, A; Ermani, M; Fabris, B; Fallo, F; Mulatero, P; Sabato, N; Sechi, LA; Sonino, N; Tecchio, M; Tona, F, 2010)
"Thus, in insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes (T2D), oxidative stress generated by hyperglycemia and aldosterone would potentiate the oxidative destruction of tissue and important regulators of glucose metabolism like adiponectin and insulin."	1.35	The heme oxygenase system abates hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty rats by potentiating insulin-sensitizing pathways. ( Jadhav, A; Lane, N; Ndisang, JF, 2009)
"The aldosterone level was comparable in both groups."	1.35	Diastolic dysfunction is associated with insulin resistance, but not with aldosterone level in normotensive offspring of hypertensive families. ( Poredos, P; Trojar, A; Zeljko, T; Zizek, B, 2008)
"Hypertension and obesity are highly prevalent among African Americans (AAs)."	1.35	Aldosterone contributes to blood pressure variance and to likelihood of hypertension in normal-weight and overweight African Americans. ( Grim, CE; Kidambi, S; Kotchen, JM; Kotchen, TA; Krishnaswami, S, 2009)
"Aldosterone treatment abolished insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation (100 nmol/L; 5 minutes; n=4)."	1.34	Aldosterone suppresses insulin signaling via the downregulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 in vascular smooth muscle cells. ( Fujita, Y; Hara, T; Hitomi, H; Ihara, G; Kaifu, K; Kiyomoto, H; Kohno, M; Moriwaki, K; Nishiyama, A; Ugawa, T, 2007)
"Forty patients with primary aldosteronism and 40 matched patients with low-renin essential hypertension (LREH) were studied."	1.34	Adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in primary aldosteronism. ( Bertello, C; Della Mea, P; Ermani, M; Fallo, F; Mulatero, P; Sonino, N; Veglio, F; Vettor, R, 2007)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common secondary cause of hypertension and recently has been implicated as a cause of impaired glucose tolerance."	1.34	A possible association between primary aldosteronism and a lower beta-cell function. ( Artigas, RA; Carvajal, CA; Castillo, CR; Fardella, CE; Maiz, A; Mosso, LM; Ortiz, EH, 2007)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by the onset of both cardiac and gluco-metabolic alterations."	1.34	Aldosterone as a key mediator of the cardiometabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism: an observational study. ( Agostinelli, L; Boscaro, M; Giacchetti, G; Mantero, F; Rilli, S; Ronconi, V; Turchi, F, 2007)
"Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone that regulates blood pressure and salt/water balance."	1.33	Aldosterone inhibits uncoupling protein-1, induces insulin resistance, and stimulates proinflammatory adipokines in adipocytes. ( Fasshauer, M; Jäger, J; Klein, J; Kraus, D; Meier, B, 2005)
"Insulin sensitivity was measured with the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp after the low- and high-salt diets."	1.31	Effect of salt on insulin sensitivity differs according to gender and degree of salt sensitivity. ( Groop, L; Hulthén, UL; Melander, O, 2000)
"To measure the effects of hyperinsulinemia on serum electrolyte status and associated hormones, and on serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations, in patients with essential hypertension."	1.31	Serum aldosterone changes during hyperinsulinemia are correlated to body mass index and insulin sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension. ( Haenni, A; Lind, L; Lithell, H; Reneland, R, 2001)
"Setback in insulin resistance has been described in patients with essential hypertension."	1.31	[Effect of insulin in hypertension with high and low levels of renin]. ( Kasalová, Z; Prázný, M; Sindelka, G; Skrha, J; Widimský, J, 2001)
"As insulin resistance has been suggested as the unifying factor in the insulin resistance metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance was evaluated by the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp technique in 50 untreated hypertensive subjects in whom PRA and serum aldosterone were measured together with lipids and an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT)."	1.30	Insulin resistance in essential hypertension is related to plasma renin activity. ( Andersson, PE; Haenni, A; Lind, L; Lithell, H; Reneland, R, 1998)
"In conclusion, renovascular hypertension is not associated with insulin resistance."	1.29	Renovascular hypertension and insulin sensitivity. ( Arzilli, F; Ferrannini, E; Frascerra, S; Natali, A; Pecori, N; Quiñones Galvan, A; Salvetti, A; Taddei, S, 1996)

Research

Studies (130)

Authors

Clinical Trials (22)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change From Baseline in Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	1 (0.77)	18.7374
1990's	10 (7.69)	18.2507
2000's	43 (33.08)	29.6817
2010's	63 (48.46)	24.3611
2020's	13 (10.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Greco, EA	1
Feraco, A	2
Marzolla, V	1
Mirabelli, M	1
Cimino, L	1
Armani, A	1
Brunetti, A	1
Caprio, M	1
Then, C	1
Ritzel, K	1
Herder, C	1
Then, H	1
Sujana, C	1
Heier, M	1
Meisinger, C	1
Peters, A	1
Koenig, W	1
Rathmann, W	1
Roden, M	1
Maalmi, H	1
Stumvoll, M	1
Meitinger, T	1
Bidlingmaier, M	1
Seissler, J	1
Thorand, B	1
Reincke, M	2
Bavuu, O	1
Fukuda, D	1
Ganbaatar, B	1
Matsuura, T	1
Ise, T	2
Kusunose, K	1
Yamaguchi, K	1
Yagi, S	1
Yamada, H	1
Soeki, T	1
Wakatsuki, T	1
Sata, M	1
Igbekele, AE	2
Jia, G	4
Hill, MA	1
Sowers, JR	12
Hulse, JL	1
Habibi, J	2
Zhang, B	2
Li, J	7
Whaley-Connell, A	3
Amin, M	1
Perrelli, M	1
Wu, R	1
Gragnoli, C	1
Bobenko, AI	1
Heller, S	1
Schmitt, N	1
Cherdtrakulkiat, R	1
Lawung, R	1
Nabu, S	1
Tantimavanich, S	1
Sinthupoom, N	1
Prachayasittikul, S	1
Prachayasittikul, V	1
Wu, C	1
Zhang, Z	2
Yan, K	1
Li, C	2
Li, Y	5
Li, L	4
Zheng, C	1
Xiao, Y	1
He, D	1
Zhao, F	1
Su, JF	1
Lun, SM	1
Hou, YJ	1
Duan, LJ	1
Wang, NC	1
Shen, FF	1
Zhang, YW	1
Gao, ZW	1
Du, XJ	1
Zhou, FY	1
Yin, Z	1
Zhu, J	2
Yan, D	1
Lou, H	1
Yu, H	1
Feng, C	1
Wang, Z	3
Wang, Y	6
Hu, X	1
Li, Z	2
Shen, Y	1
Hu, D	1
Chen, H	1
Wu, X	1
Duan, Y	1
Zhi, D	1
Zou, M	2
Zhao, Z	1
Zhang, X	2
Yang, X	3
Zhang, J	3
Wang, H	1
Popović, KJ	1
Popović, DJ	1
Miljković, D	1
Lalošević, D	1
Čapo, I	1
Popović, JK	1
Liu, M	1
Song, H	2
Xing, Z	1
Lu, G	1
Chen, D	1
Valentini, AM	1
Di Pinto, F	1
Coletta, S	1
Guerra, V	1
Armentano, R	1
Caruso, ML	1
Gong, J	2
Wang, N	1
Bian, L	1
Wang, M	2
Ye, M	1
Wen, N	1
Fu, M	1
Fan, W	1
Meng, Y	1
Dong, G	1
Lin, XH	1
Liu, HH	1
Gao, DM	1
Cui, JF	1
Ren, ZG	1
Chen, RX	1
Önal, B	1
Özen, D	1
Demir, B	1
Akkan, AG	1
Özyazgan, S	1
Payette, G	1
Geoffroy, V	1
Martineau, C	1
Villemur, R	1
Jameel, T	1
Baig, M	1
Gazzaz, ZJ	1
Tashkandi, JM	1
Al Alhareth, NS	1
Khan, SA	1
Butt, NS	1
Wang, J	2
Geng, Y	1
Zhang, Y	4
Wang, X	2
Liu, J	2
Basit, A	1
Miao, T	1
Liu, W	1
Jiang, W	1
Yu, ZY	1
Wu, L	2
Qu, B	1
Sun, JX	1
Cai, AL	1
Xie, LM	1
Groeneveld, J	1
Ho, SL	1
Mackensen, A	1
Mohtadi, M	1
Laepple, T	1
Genovesi, S	1
Nava, E	1
Bartolucci, C	1
Severi, S	1
Vincenti, A	1
Contaldo, G	1
Bigatti, G	1
Ciurlino, D	1
Bertoli, SV	1
Slovak, JE	1
Hwang, JK	1
Rivera, SM	1
Villarino, NF	1
Li, S	1
Cao, G	1
Ling, M	1
Ji, J	1
Zhao, D	1
Sha, Y	1
Gao, X	1
Liang, C	2
Guo, Q	1
Zhou, C	1
Ma, Z	1
Xu, J	1
Wang, C	2
Zhao, W	1
Xia, X	1
Jiang, Y	1
Peng, J	1
Jia, Z	1
Li, F	1
Chen, X	2
Mo, J	1
Zhang, S	2
Li, X	1
Huang, T	1
Zhu, Q	1
Wang, S	1
Ge, RS	1
Fortunato, G	1
Lin, J	2
Agarwal, PK	1
Kohen, A	1
Singh, P	1
Cheatum, CM	1
Zhu, D	1
Hayman, A	1
Kebede, B	1
Stewart, I	1
Chen, G	1
Frew, R	1
Guo, X	1
Gong, Q	1
Borowiec, J	1
Han, S	1
Zhang, M	1
Willis, M	1
Kreouzis, T	1
Yu, K	1
Chirvony, VS	1
Sekerbayev, KS	1
Pérez-Del-Rey, D	1
Martínez-Pastor, JP	1
Palazon, F	1
Boix, PP	1
Taurbayev, TI	1
Sessolo, M	1
Bolink, HJ	1
Lu, M	1
Lan, Y	1
Xiao, J	1
Song, M	1
Chen, C	1
Huang, Q	1
Cao, Y	1
Ho, CT	1
Qi, B	1
Wang, Q	1
Zhang, W	1
Fang, L	1
Xie, CL	1
Chen, R	1
Yang, S	1
Xia, JM	1
Zhang, GY	1
Chen, CH	1
Yang, XW	1
Domenech-Ximenos, B	1
Garza, MS	1
Prat-González, S	1
Sepúlveda-Martínez, Á	1
Crispi, F	1
Perea, RJ	1
Garcia-Alvarez, A	1
Sitges, M	1
Kalumpha, M	1
Guyo, U	1
Zinyama, NP	1
Vakira, FM	1
Nyamunda, BC	1
Varga, M	1
Drácz, L	1
Kolbenheyer, E	1
Varga, F	1
Patai, ÁV	1
Solymosi, N	1
Patai, Á	1
Kiss, J	1
Gaál, V	1
Nyul, Z	1
Mosdósi, B	1
Valdez, M	1
Moosavi, L	1
Heidari, A	1
Novakovic-Agopian, T	1
Kornblith, E	1
Abrams, G	1
McQuaid, JR	1
Posecion, L	1
Burciaga, J	1
D'Esposito, M	1
Chen, AJW	1
Samy El Gendy, NM	1
Wesolowska, P	1
Georg, D	1
Lechner, W	1
Kazantsev, P	1
Bokulic, T	1
Tedgren, AC	1
Adolfsson, E	1
Campos, AM	1
Alves, VGL	1
Suming, L	1
Hao, W	1
Ekendahl, D	1
Koniarova, I	1
Bulski, W	1
Chelminski, K	1
Samper, JLA	1
Vinatha, SP	1
Rakshit, S	1
Siri, S	1
Tomsejm, M	1
Tenhunen, M	1
Povall, J	1
Kry, SF	1
Followill, DS	1
Thwaites, DI	1
Izewska, J	1
Kang, JH	1
Yoon, Y	1
Song, J	1
Van de Winckel, A	1
Gauthier, L	1
Chao, CT	1
Lee, YH	1
Li, CM	1
Han, DS	1
Huang, JW	1
Huang, KC	1
Ni, L	1
Güttinger, R	1
Triana, CA	1
Spingler, B	1
Baldridge, KK	1
Patzke, GR	1
Shen, X	1
Wang, B	1
Xie, S	1
Deng, W	1
Wu, D	1
Zhang, Q	1
Voskamp, BJ	1
Peelen, MJCS	1
Ravelli, ACJ	1
van der Lee, R	1
Mol, BWJ	1
Pajkrt, E	1
Ganzevoort, W	1
Kazemier, BM	1
Tibrewala, R	1
Bahroos, E	1
Mehrabian, H	1
Foreman, SC	1
Link, TM	1
Pedoia, V	1
Majumdar, S	1
Jablonski, CL	1
Leonard, C	1
Salo, P	1
Krawetz, RJ	1
Yoon, N	1
Hong, SN	1
Cho, JG	1
Jeong, HK	1
Lee, KH	1
Park, HW	1
Barman, S	1
Konai, MM	1
Samaddar, S	1
Haldar, J	1
Mohamed, HSH	1
Li, CF	1
Hu, ZY	1
Deng, Z	1
Chen, LH	1
Su, BL	1
Chu, K	1
Liu, YP	1
Li, YB	1
Zhang, H	1
Xu, C	1
Zou, Z	1
Wu, Z	1
Xia, Y	1
Zhao, P	1
Wang, HT	1
de Biase, S	1
Pellitteri, G	1
Gigli, GL	1
Valente, M	1
Komada, H	1
Hirota, Y	1
So, A	1
Nakamura, T	2
Okuno, Y	1
Fukuoka, H	1
Iguchi, G	1
Takahashi, Y	1
Sakaguchi, K	1
Ogawa, W	1
Wei, D	1
Liu, X	1
Jiang, J	1
Tu, R	1
Qiao, D	1
Li, R	1
Fan, M	1
Hou, J	1
Huo, W	1
Yu, S	1
Mao, Z	1
Adolf, C	1
Berends, AMA	1
Connelly, MA	1
Dullaart, RPF	1
Adegoke, TE	1
Sabinari, IW	1
Usman, TO	2
Abdulkareem, TO	1
Michael, OS	2
Adeyanju, OA	1
Dibia, C	1
Omotoye, OO	1
Oyabambi, AO	1
Olatunji, LA	3
Lin, YF	1
Peng, KY	1
Chang, CH	1
Hu, YH	1
Wu, VC	1
Chung, SD	1
Lockette, W	1
Homma, T	1
Homma, M	1
Huang, Y	1
Mayurasakorn, K	1
Rodi, NM	1
Hamid, AAA	1
Hurwitz, S	3
Yao, T	1
Adler, GK	10
Pojoga, LH	2
Williams, GH	7
Romero, JR	2
Schütten, MTJ	1
Kusters, YHAM	1
Houben, AJHM	1
Scheijen, JLJM	1
van de Waarenburg, MPH	1
Schalkwijk, CG	1
Joris, PJ	1
Plat, J	1
Mensink, RP	1
de Leeuw, PW	1
Stehouwer, CDA	1
Wakino, S	2
Minakuchi, H	2
Miya, K	1
Takamatsu, N	1
Tada, H	1
Tani, E	1
Inamoto, H	1
Minakuchi, J	1
Kawashima, S	1
Itoh, H	2
Liao, WH	1
Suendermann, C	1
Steuer, AE	1
Pacheco Lopez, G	1
Odermatt, A	1
Faresse, N	1
Henneberg, M	1
Langhans, W	1
Joseph, JJ	2
Echouffo Tcheugui, JB	1
Effoe, VS	2
Hsueh, WA	1
Allison, MA	1
Golden, SH	2
Bothou, C	1
Beuschlein, F	1
Spyroglou, A	1
Armanini, D	3
Andrisani, A	2
Ambrosini, G	2
Donà, G	3
Bordin, L	3
Sabbadin, C	3
Aoi, W	1
Hosogi, S	1
Niisato, N	1
Yokoyama, N	1
Hayata, H	1
Miyazaki, H	1
Kusuzaki, K	1
Fukuda, T	2

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Vascular Function Markers: Differences Between Lean and Abdominally Overweight / Obese Men and Effects of Weight Loss[NCT01675401]		75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Completed
Investigating the Effect of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in Addition to Standard Antidiabetic Therapy on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Open-label Study[NCT04707508]	Phase 4	203 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-01	Completed
Clinical Trial to Reverse Early Arterial Stiffening[NCT00366990]		349 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
Mineralocorticoid Receptor and Obesity Induced Cardiovascular Complications[NCT01406015]		38 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-02-28	Completed
HYpertension Therapy With Valsartan Versus EpleRenone for Obese Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT03476616]	Phase 4	330 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-09-01	Not yet recruiting
Aldosterone and Glucose Homeostasis[NCT00732160]		34 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
Ending Subclinical Heart Failure Using an Aldosterone and Natriuretic Peptide Targeted Treatment in HIV--The ENCHANTMENT HIV Study[NCT04153136]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-11	Recruiting
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism for Cardiovascular Health in HIV--The MIRACLE HIV Study[NCT02740179]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Completed
Physiologic Investigation of the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Axis in HIV[NCT01407237]		30 participants (Actual)	Observational	2012-01-31	Completed
Disparities in CHD in the Jackson Heart Study[NCT00415415]		5,302 participants	Observational	2000-09-30	Completed
The Effect of Low Salt Diet on CKD Progression:A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT05716386]		200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2023-02-28	Completed
Salt Sensitive Hypertension and Striatin[NCT03683069]	Phase 4	400 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-15	Active, not recruiting
Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance in Primary Aldosteronism[NCT00173082]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2005-06-30	Recruiting
EDUCATION TO DECREASE IN SODIUM INTAKE IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS EVALUATED WITH 24 HOUR URINARY SODIUM EXCRETION: RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL[NCT04894344]		114 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-10-28	Recruiting
Association of BsmI Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Gene With Diabetic Kidney Disease[NCT03621384]		93 participants (Actual)	Observational	2014-11-30	Completed
BNP Pharmacodynamics and Effects on Metabolism in Lean and Obese Subjects[NCT01977859]	Phase 1	4 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Completed
Effect of Nesiritide Infusion on Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Obese Insulin Resistant Subjects[NCT03234751]	Phase 1	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-13	Completed
The Role of Aldosterone on Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Insulin Sensitivity[NCT02102243]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Withdrawn (stopped due to No longer interested in study topic)
Prospective Cross-sectional Study on Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism in Resistant Hypertension and Association With Cardiometabolic Complications[NCT04213963]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2011-09-01	Recruiting
Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Coronary Microvascular Function, and Cardiac Efficiency in Hypertension[NCT05593055]	Phase 4	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-25	Recruiting
Oral Potassium Supplementation in Healthy Men - Interactions With the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone System and the Sympathetic Nervous System[NCT02380157]	Phase 4	25 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Uric Acid and Hypertension in African Americans[NCT00241839]	Phase 3	150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-08-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Insulin resistance was measured using the 75 G glucose tolerance test. Participants ingested 75 grams of glucose in 300-400 mL of water over 5 minutes. Blood samples were taken before ingesting glucose and then every 30 minutes for 120 minutes. HOMA-IR was calculated using the Insulin and glucose levels obtained. A negative change (decrease in insulin resistance) indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6 (Prior to ingesting glucose and every 30 minutes for 120 minutes)

Change From Baseline in Insulin Sensitivity Index (ISI)

Intervention	IR index (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline at Week 6
Placebo	3.4	0.1
Spironolactone	2.7	0.1

Insulin sensitivity was measured using the 75 gram (G) glucose tolerance test. Participants ingested 75 grams of glucose in 300-400 milliliters (mL) of water over 5 minutes. Blood samples were taken before ingesting glucose and then every 30 minutes for 120 minutes. Insulin sensitivity index was calculated by Matsuda and Defronzo's formula using the values obtained. A positive change from Baseline (increase in insulin sensitivity) indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6 (Prior to ingesting glucose and every 30 minutes for 120 minutes)

Change From Baseline in Para-aminohippurate (PAH) Clearance

Intervention	IS index (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline at Week 6
Placebo	4.6	-1.1
Spironolactone	3.7	-0.1

Renal plasma blood flow was determined by clearance of para-aminohippurate (PAH). A loading dose of PAH (8 mg/kg) was given intravenously followed by a 1 hour constant infusion of PAH at a rate of 12 mg/minute (min). Plasma samples were obtained at Baseline and at 50 and 60 minutes. PAH clearance was calculated from the plasma levels and infusion rates and reported in millimeters (mL)/minute (min). A positive change from Baseline indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6 (Prior to PAH infusion and at 50 and 60 minutes post PAH infusion)

Change From Baseline in Post-ischemic Dilatation

Intervention	mL/min (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline at Week 6
Placebo	521	-5.2
Spironolactone	488	-2.3

Ultrasonography of the brachial artery was performed to evaluate endothelial function by flow mediated dilatation (FMD) studies. A blood pressure cuff was placed on the participant's upper arm and was compressed for 5 minutes. After release of compression, brachial artery diameter and blood flow velocity were measured. FMD was expressed as the percentage change in brachial artery diameter. A positive change from Baseline indicates improvement. (NCT01406015)
Timeframe: Baseline and Week 6

Insulin Secretion

Intervention	percent dilalation (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from Baseline at Week 6
Placebo	10.2	-2.0
Spironolactone	9.6	-1.2

Acute Insulin response during Hyperglycemic clamp (delta insulin uU/mL, t=0-10) (NCT00732160)
Timeframe: 3 hours

Insulin Sensitivity

Intervention	uU/mL (Mean)
Vehicle, HS	48.9
Vehicle, LS	37.6
Aldosterone, HS	51.8
Aldosterone, LS	34.4

Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated by dividing the average glucose infusion rate (mg glucose infusion/kg body weight/min) by the average insulin concentration (uU/mL) from 90 to 120 minutes. This was multiplied by 100 (thus, x100 in units description), per reporting convention in literature. (NCT00732160)
Timeframe: 3 hours

Arterial Inflammation

Intervention	mg/kg/min per uU/mL*100 (Mean)
Vehicle, HS	25.2
Vehicle, LS	24.8
Aldosterone, HS	23.4
Aldosterone, LS	24.7

Percentage change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in target to background ratio (a measure of arterial inflammation) of the index vessel measured via positron emission tomography/computed tomography (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Assessment of Cardiac Diastolic Function Via Cardiac Imaging

Intervention	percentage change (Median)
Eplerenone	-12.4
Placebo	5.1

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in left ventricular end diastolic volume on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Assessment of Cardiac Structure by Left Ventricular Mass on Cardiac Imaging

Intervention	mL (Mean)
Eplerenone	-13
Placebo	10

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in left ventricular mass on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Assessment of Cardiac Systolic Function Via Cardiac Imaging

Intervention	g (Median)
Eplerenone	1
Placebo	9

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in global circumferential strain (GCS) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Coronary Plaque

Intervention	percentage GCS (Median)
Eplerenone	-1.3
Placebo	2.3

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in coronary plaque measured via coronary computed tomography angiogram assessed by coronary calcium score Scale: minimum 0 to maximum no limit, higher score indicates more plaque (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Arterial Inflammation

Intervention	score on a scale (Median)
Eplerenone	0
Placebo	5

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in plasma LpPLA2 (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Fibrosis

Intervention	ng/mL (Median)
Eplerenone	3.0
Placebo	2.6

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in myocardial fibrosis measured by T1 (a signal intensity that measures fibrosis) via cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Immune Activation MCP-1

Intervention	ms (Median)
Eplerenone	25
Placebo	1

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in plasma MCP-1 (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Immune Activation sCD163

Intervention	pg/mL (Median)
Eplerenone	285
Placebo	292

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in plasma sCD163 (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Subclinical Injury

Intervention	ng/mL (Median)
Eplerenone	-275
Placebo	-160

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in serum NT-proBNP (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Systemic Inflammation hsCRP

Intervention	ng/L (Median)
Eplerenone	19.4
Placebo	2.8

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in plasma hsCRP (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Systemic Inflammation hsIL-6

Intervention	ng/mL (Median)
Eplerenone	189
Placebo	591

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in plasma hsIL-6 (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Markers of Vascular Dysfunction

Intervention	pg/mL (Median)
Eplerenone	-0.8
Placebo	0.2

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in serum hs-cTnT (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Myocardial Inflammation

Intervention	ng/L (Median)
Eplerenone	0.00
Placebo	0.00

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in myocardial inflammation measured by extracellular mass index (a measure of the inflammation within the heart) via cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Myocardial Perfusion by MRI

Intervention	g/m^2 (Median)
Eplerenone	0.9
Placebo	-0.7

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in myocardial perfusion assessed by myocardial blood flow measured via cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Myocardial Perfusion by PET

Intervention	mL/min/g (Mean)
Eplerenone	0.09
Placebo	-0.53

Change (value at 12 months minus value at baseline) in myocardial perfusion assessed by coronary flow reserve measured via cardiac positron emission tomography. Coronary flow reserve is given by the ratio of blood flow at stress during maximal dilation of the coronary arteries to blood flow at rest. (NCT02740179)
Timeframe: 12 Months

Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure by Cuff 8-10 Weeks Minus Baseline

Intervention	unitless (Mean)
Eplerenone	0.01
Placebo	-0.07

"The Diastolic BP was taken at Baseline and after 8-10 weeks of treatment or placebo while on chlorthalidone and potassium chloride. The blood pressure was measured according to Shared Care protocol: 15 minutes of quiet, undisturbed rest with three BP measurements obtained subsequently at 5 minute intervals.~The mean of the second and third reading was the value used for analysis for both the Baseline measurement and the measurement after 8 - 10 weeks of treatment. The dependent variable is baseline value minus ending value.~Measures are in millimeters of mercury (mm hg)" (NCT00241839)
Timeframe: Measured at 8-10 weeks on allopurinol / placebo

Change in Overall Mean BP From Those Obtained by 24 Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements (ABPM) 8-10 Weeks Minus Baseline.

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
A (Allopurinol)	3.44
B (Placebo)	-0.83

Subjects had 24 hr blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) at baseline and treatment end. The readings were averaged and the changes from baseline to treatment end were compared. (NCT00241839)
Timeframe: Baseline and end of treatment (8-10 weeks on allopurinol / placebo)

Change in Systolic Blood Pressure by Cuff After 8-10 Weeks Minus Baseline

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
A (Allopurinol)	-5.9
B (Placebo)	0.90

"The systolic BP was taken at Baseline and after 8-10 weeks of treatment on placebo, while on chlorthalidone and potassium chloride. The blood pressure was measured according to Shared Care protocol: 15 minutes of quiet, undisturbed rest with three BP measurements obtained subsequently at 5 minute intervals.~The mean of the second and third reading was the value used for analysis for both the Baseline measurement and the measurement after 8 - 10 weeks of treatment. The dependent variable is baseline value minus ending value.~Measures are in millimeters of mercury (mm hg)" (NCT00241839)
Timeframe: Measured at 8-10 weeks on allopurinol or placebo

Change in Uric Acid (UA) Levels: Baseline Less End of Treatment

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
A (Allopurinol)	0.21
B (Placebo)	-0.95

Subjects on allopurinol are expected to lower their uric acid levels relative to placebo. (NCT00241839)
Timeframe: Baseline UA levels compared to end of treatment levels (8-10 weeks on allopurinol / placebo)

Article	Year
Nonsteroidal mineralcorticoid receptor antagonists: Novel therapeutic implication in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes. Current opinion in pharmacology, 2021, Volume: 60 Topics: Adipose Tissue, Brown; Aldosterone; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Mineraloc	2021
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation in Vascular Insulin Resistance and Dysfunction. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Aug-11, Volume: 23, Issue:16 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Endothelial Cells; Glucose; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Microc	2022
Proceedings. Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, 2019, Volume: 475, Issue:2227 Topics: Acetylcholine; Acinetobacter baumannii; Actinobacteria; Action Potentials; Adalimumab; Adaptation, P	2019
Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and related disorders: from basic studies to clinical disease. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2021, 03-01, Volume: 320, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin	2021
Obesity and kidney disease: from population to basic science and the search for new therapeutic targets. Kidney international, 2017, Volume: 92, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Obesity; Receptor	2017
Links between aldosterone excess and metabolic complications: A comprehensive review. Diabetes & metabolism, 2020, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Insulin; Insulin Res	2020
Effects of aldosterone on insulin sensitivity and secretion. Steroids, 2014, Volume: 91 Topics: Aldosterone; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistanc	2014
Obesity-induced hypertension: interaction of neurohumoral and renal mechanisms. Circulation research, 2015, Mar-13, Volume: 116, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Dyslipidemias; Heart Conduction System; Hemodynamics;	2015
The role of aldosterone in cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes and hypertension: an update. Current diabetes reports, 2008, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin Resistan	2008
Role of aldosterone and angiotensin II in insulin resistance: an update. Clinical endocrinology, 2009, Volume: 71, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic	2009
Interaction of aldosterone and extracellular volume in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated kidney disease: a narrative review. American journal of nephrology, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance; Kidney; Kidn	2009
Narrative review: the emerging clinical implications of the role of aldosterone in the metabolic syndrome and resistant hypertension. Annals of internal medicine, 2009, Jun-02, Volume: 150, Issue:11 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Endothelium, Vascular; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin Resistanc	2009
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and the metabolic syndrome. Current hypertension reports, 2010, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Eplerenone; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin Resist	2010
Salt, aldosterone, and insulin resistance: impact on the cardiovascular system. Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2010, Volume: 7, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Kidney Fail	2010
The role of aldosterone in the metabolic syndrome. Current hypertension reports, 2011, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance; Lipids; Metabolic Synd	2011
The renin angiotensin aldosterone system and insulin resistance in humans. Current hypertension reports, 2013, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Angiote	2013
Mineralocorticoid receptor-mediated vascular insulin resistance: an early contributor to diabetes-related vascular disease? Diabetes, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopathies; Endothelium, Vascular; Human	2013
The effect of aldosterone on glucose metabolism. Current hypertension reports, 2003, Volume: 5, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Diabetes Mellitus; Glucose; Glucose Intolerance; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Insulin Re	2003
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Hypertension and obesity. Recent progress in hormone research, 2004, Volume: 59 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Body Mass Index; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Insulin R	2004
Hypertension and diabetes: role of the renin-angiotensin system. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 2006, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mell	2006
Adrenocortical dysregulation as a major player in insulin resistance and onset of obesity. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 293, Issue:6 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adrenal Cortex; Aldosterone; Androgens; Animals; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Models,	2007
[Hypertension and metabolic syndrome]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 2007, Sep-10, Volume: 96, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Oxidative Stress; Renin-A	2007
Hyperaldosteronism: a commonly occurring underlying feature of essential hypertension and the metabolic syndrome? Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2007, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Black or African American; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance	2007
Cellular calcium and magnesium metabolism in the pathophysiology and treatment of hypertension and related metabolic disorders. The American journal of medicine, 1992, Aug-31, Volume: 93, Issue:2A Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cardiomegaly; Diabete	1992
The causes of raised blood pressure in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Journal of human hypertension, 1991, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Angiopat	1991
Age and the endocrine system. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 1985, Volume: 1, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Aging; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Endocrine Glands; Female; Glucose; Gonadotropin-	1985

Article	Year
Aldosterone Is Not Associated With Metabolic and Microvascular Insulin Sensitivity in Abdominally Obese Men. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2018, 02-01, Volume: 103, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Female; Humans; Hypertension; I	2018
Serum free fatty acid levels in PCOS patients treated with glucophage, magnesium oxide and spironolactone. Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Human	2013
Changes in serum aldosterone are associated with changes in obesity-related factors in normotensive overweight and obese young adults. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2013, Volume: 36, Issue:10 Topics: Adiponectin; Adiposity; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; C-Reactive Protein; Diet, Sodium-Restric	2013
Effects of canrenone in patients with metabolic syndrome. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2013, Volume: 14, Issue:16 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; C-Reactive Protein; Canrenone; Female; Humans; Ins	2013
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin resistance and endothelial function in obese subjects. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Brachial Artery; Doubl	2014
Dietary sodium restriction decreases insulin secretion without affecting insulin sensitivity in humans. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2014, Volume: 99, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Cross-Over Studies; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Double-Blind Method;	2014
Insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease is ameliorated by spironolactone in rats and humans. Kidney international, 2015, Volume: 87, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aged; Aldosterone; Amidohydrolases; Animals; Arginine; Cell Nucleus; Cytochrome P-45	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
RAAS Activation Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Resistance Among HIV-infected Patients. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Female; HI	2015
Hyperreninemia characterizing women with polycystic ovary syndrome improves after metformin therapy. Kidney & blood pressure research, 2009, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Androgens; Area Under Curve; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans	2009
Aldosterone status associated with insulin resistance in patients with heart failure--data from the ALOFT study. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2009, Volume: 95, Issue:23 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Diabetes Mellitus; Fasting; Female; Heart Failure; Homeostasis; Humans; Insulin;	2009
Effect of sodium intake on blood pressure and albuminuria in Type 2 diabetic patients: the role of insulin resistance. Diabetologia, 2004, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Die	2004
Effect of sodium intake on blood pressure and albuminuria in Type 2 diabetic patients: the role of insulin resistance. Diabetologia, 2004, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Die	2004
Effect of sodium intake on blood pressure and albuminuria in Type 2 diabetic patients: the role of insulin resistance. Diabetologia, 2004, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Die	2004
Effect of sodium intake on blood pressure and albuminuria in Type 2 diabetic patients: the role of insulin resistance. Diabetologia, 2004, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Die	2004
Salt intake and insulin sensitivity in healthy human volunteers. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2007, Volume: 113, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Calorimetry; Diet, Sodium-Restricted	2007
Comparison of the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on insulin resistance and hormonal markers in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and early diabetes. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2007, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Adiponectin; Aged; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Cross-Over Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Fa	2007
Improvement of insulin sensitivity by metformin treatment does not lower blood pressure of nonobese insulin-resistant hypertensive patients with normal glucose tolerance. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 1996, Volume: 81, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cross-Over Studies; D	1996

Article	Year
Association of renin and aldosterone with glucose metabolism in a Western European population: the KORA F4/FF4 study. BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2022, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glucose; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Renin	2022
Esaxerenone, a selective mineralocorticoid receptor blocker, improves insulin sensitivity in mice consuming high-fat diet. European journal of pharmacology, 2022, Sep-15, Volume: 931 Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adiponectin; Aldosterone; Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Lipids	2022
Mineralocorticoid Receptors Mediate Diet-Induced Lipid Infiltration of Skeletal Muscle and Insulin Resistance. Endocrinology, 2022, 10-11, Volume: 163, Issue:11 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; CD36 Antigens; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fats; Dietary Sugars; Fatty Acids, None	2022
The mineralocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C2) is linked to and associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome in Italian families. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences, 2023, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Aldosterone; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hyperandrogenism; Insulin Resistance; Minera	2023
Insulin secretion and sensitivity before and after surgical treatment for aldosterone-producing adenoma. Diabetes & metabolism, 2020, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Female; G	2020
Mineralocorticoids, glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Henan Rural Cohort study. Journal of diabetes and its complications, 2020, Volume: 34, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; China; Desoxycorticosterone; Dia	2020
Lipoprotein insulin resistance score and branched-chain amino acids increase after adrenalectomy for unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma: a preliminary study. Endocrine, 2020, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans;	2020
Allopurinol and valproic acid improve cardiac triglyceride and Na Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 2022, Volume: 128, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Aldosterone; Allopurinol; Animals; Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; Female	2022
Changes in Glucose Metabolism after Adrenalectomy or Treatment with a Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist for Primary Aldosteronism. Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea), 2020, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenalectomy; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Fasting; Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism;	2020
Ameliorative effect of nicotine exposure on insulin resistance is accompanied by decreased cardiac glycogen synthase kinase-3 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 during oral oestrogen-progestin therapy. Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 2018, Volume: 124, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aldosterone; Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Contraceptives, Ora	2018
Combined Salt and Caloric Restrictions: Potential Adverse Outcomes. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017, Oct-11, Volume: 6, Issue:10 Topics: Adiponectin; Aldosterone; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Glu	2017
Aldosterone and Insulin Resistance: Vicious Combination in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis. Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, 2018, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aldosterone; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans	2018
Aldosterone deficiency in mice burdens respiration and accentuates diet-induced hyperinsulinemia and obesity. JCI insight, 2018, 07-26, Volume: 3, Issue:14 Topics: Adipocytes; Aldosterone; Animals; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal;	2018
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Glucose Metabolism and Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: MESA. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2018, 09-04, Volume: 7, Issue:17 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Asian; Black or African American; Blood Glucose; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitu	2018
Hypertension in pregnancy: Role of body mass index, insulin resistance, aldosterone, and calcium homeostasis. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2019, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Body Mass Index; Calcium; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Homeostasis; Humans;	2019
Improvement of insulin resistance, blood pressure and interstitial pH in early developmental stage of insulin resistance in OLETF rats by intake of propolis extracts. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2013, Mar-22, Volume: 432, Issue:4 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Dietary Supplement	2013
The effects of aldosterone on diet-induced fatty liver formation in male C57BL/6 mice: comparison of adrenalectomy and mineralocorticoid receptor blocker. European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2013, Volume: 25, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cells, Cultured; Cholesterol; Di	2013
Sympathetic support of energy expenditure and sympathetic nervous system activity after gastric bypass surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2013, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Basal Metabolism; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Body Mass Index;	2013
High sodium intake is associated with increased glucocorticoid production, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Clinical endocrinology, 2014, Volume: 80, Issue:5 Topics: Adiponectin; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index	2014
Obesity and insulin resistance induce early development of diastolic dysfunction in young female mice fed a Western diet. Endocrinology, 2013, Volume: 154, Issue:10 Topics: Age Factors; Aldosterone; Animals; Biomarkers; Calcium Signaling; Compliance; Diet, High-Fat; Female	2013
Aldosterone aggravates glucose intolerance induced by high fructose. European journal of pharmacology, 2013, Nov-15, Volume: 720, Issue:1-3 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Fructose; Glucose Intolerance; Glucose Tolerance Test; Immediat	2013
Akt-mediated cardioprotective effects of aldosterone in type 2 diabetic mice. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2014, Volume: 28, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High	2014
Aldosterone receptor blockers spironolactone and canrenone: two multivalent drugs. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:7 Topics: Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Canrenone; Humans; Hypertension;	2014
Adipocyte Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation Leads to Metabolic Syndrome and Induction of Prostaglandin D2 Synthase. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2015, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipocytes, White; Aldosterone; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Enzym	2015
Effects of a combined oral contraceptive containing 20 mcg of ethinylestradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone on the blood pressure, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, insulin resistance, and androgenic profile of healthy young women. Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, 2015, Volume: 31, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Androstenedione; Androstenes; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Stud	2015
Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Preeclampsia: Interrelations Between Insulin Resistance, Aldosterone, Metabolic Syndrome, and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2015, Volume: 17, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Polycyst	2015
Para- and perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness is associated with 24-hours mean diastolic blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2015, Sep-30, Volume: 15 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambula	2015
Increased postflight carotid artery stiffness and inflight insulin resistance resulting from 6-mo spaceflight in male and female astronauts. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2016, Mar-01, Volume: 310, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Arterial Pressure; Astronauts; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Carotid Artery Disease	2016
Na+-sensitive elevation in blood pressure is ENaC independent in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2016, 05-01, Volume: 310, Issue:9 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Circadian Rhythm; Diet, High-Fat; Epithelial Sodium Channels;	2016
Aldosterone, Renin, and Diabetes Mellitus in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2016, Volume: 101, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aldosterone; Black or African American; Blood Pressure; Body Mass In	2016
Activation of cardiac renin-angiotensin system and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene expressions in oral contraceptive-induced cardiometabolic disorder. Archives of physiology and biochemistry, 2017, Volume: 123, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; Cardiovascular Diseases; Contraceptive	2017
Hyperinsulinemia and obese phenotype differently influence blood pressure in young normotensive patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine, 2017, Volume: 55, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Cross-Section	2017
Cortisol/cortisone ratio and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity are associated with pediatric primary hypertension. Journal of hypertension, 2016, Volume: 34, Issue:9 Topics: Adiponectin; Adolescent; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; C-Reactive Protein; Child; Ch	2016
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade Improves Insulin Sensitivity in the Rat Heart and a Possible Molecular Mechanism. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, 2016, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Adiponectin; Aldosterone; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Transport; Eplerenone; Gene Expressi	2016
Aldosterone Synthase Inhibition Improves Glucose Tolerance in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rats. Endocrinology, 2016, Volume: 157, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Diabetes	2016
Caveolin 1 Modulates Aldosterone-Mediated Pathways of Glucose and Lipid Homeostasis. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2016, 09-28, Volume: 5, Issue:10 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldehyde Reductase; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Ca	2016
Effects of various types of anesthesia on hemodynamics, cardiac function, and glucose and lipid metabolism in rats. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2016, 12-01, Volume: 311, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Angiotensin II; Animals; Aorta; Blo	2016
Serum potassium is a predictor of incident diabetes in African Americans with normal aldosterone: the Jackson Heart Study. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2017, Volume: 105, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aldosterone; Black or African American; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; F	2017
Aldosterone excess may inhibit insulin secretion: A comparative study on glucose metabolism pre- and post-adrenalectomy in patients with primary aldosteronism. Endocrine journal, 2017, Mar-31, Volume: 64, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose;	2017
The heme oxygenase system abates hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty rats by potentiating insulin-sensitizing pathways. Endocrinology, 2009, Volume: 150, Issue:5 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Cyclic GMP; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug E	2009
Hypertension, insulin resistance, and aldosterone: sex-specific relationships. Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2009, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aldosterone; Anthropometry; Black or African American; Blood Glucose	2009
Metabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension: relationship to adiponectin gene variants. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2010, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adiponectin; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Chi-Square Distribution; Cross-Sectional Studie	2010
Two-year follow-up of thirty-two non-functional benign adrenal incidentalomas. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2009, Volume: 32, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Cushing Syndrome; Dexamethasone;	2009
Aldosterone contributes to blood pressure variance and to likelihood of hypertension in normal-weight and overweight African Americans. American journal of hypertension, 2009, Volume: 22, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Black or African American; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Cross-Sectional Stud	2009
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in primary aldosteronism: a pilot study. American journal of hypertension, 2010, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Fatty Liver; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension; Hypo	2010
Aldosterone production and insulin resistance in healthy adults. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2010, Volume: 95, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Female	2010
Analysis of insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue of patients with primary aldosteronism. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2010, Volume: 95, Issue:8 Topics: Adiponectin; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldoster	2010
Cardiovascular correlates of insulin resistance in normotensive and hypertensive African Americans. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2011, Volume: 60, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Black or African American; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Ou	2011
Low-salt diet increases insulin resistance in healthy subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2011, Volume: 60, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Diet, Sodium-	2011
Low-salt diet increases insulin resistance in healthy subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2011, Volume: 60, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Diet, Sodium-	2011
Low-salt diet increases insulin resistance in healthy subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2011, Volume: 60, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Diet, Sodium-	2011
Low-salt diet increases insulin resistance in healthy subjects. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2011, Volume: 60, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Diet, Sodium-	2011
Overnight rostral fluid shift and obstructive sleep apnea in treatment resistant hypertension: connecting the dots clarifies the picture. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2010, Volume: 56, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Volume; Drug Resistance; Fluid Shifts; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance;	2010
The functional status of incidentally discovered bilateral adrenal lesions. Clinical endocrinology, 2011, Volume: 75, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hydr	2011
Blood pressure, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and thyroid disease prevalence in primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension. American journal of hypertension, 2011, Volume: 24, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertension; Insulin Resist	2011
Plasma aldosterone levels and development of insulin resistance: prospective study in a general population. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcohol Drinking; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Cross-Sectional Studie	2011
Aldosterone induces vascular insulin resistance by increasing insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and hybrid receptor. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2012, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Blood Pressure; Cells, Cultured; Chimera; Eplerenone; Glucose	2012
Genes implicated in insulin resistance are down-regulated in primary aldosteronism patients. Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 2012, May-15, Volume: 355, Issue:1 Topics: Adipocytes; Adiponectin; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Carrier Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Down-Regulatio	2012
Renin angiotensin aldosterone system and glycemia in pregnancy. Clinical laboratory, 2012, Volume: 58, Issue:5-6 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Hy	2012
Increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B deletion improves control of blood pressure in obesity. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2012, Volume: 60, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists; Albuminuria; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Dose-Respon	2012
Differential predictors of insulin resistance in nondiabetic salt-resistant and salt-sensitive subjects. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2013, Volume: 61, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Black People; Blood Glucose; Creatinine; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Epinephrine; F	2013
Aldosterone deficiency prevents high-fat-feeding-induced hyperglycaemia and adipocyte dysfunction in mice. Diabetologia, 2013, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Adipocytes; Adiponectin; Adipose Tissue; Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Composition; Cons	2013
PAI-1 in human hypertension: relation to hypertensive groups. American journal of hypertension, 2002, Volume: 15, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Female; Fibrinogen; Humans; Hypertension; Insu	2002
Resistin/ADSF/FIZZ3 in obesity and diabetes. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, 2004, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus; Energy Metabolism; Hormones, Ectopic; Insulin Resistance; M	2004
[Effect of modified liberation doxazosin on blood pressure, insulin resistance, and catecholamine secretion in patients with true resistant hypertension]. Medicina clinica, 2004, Sep-11, Volume: 123, Issue:8 Topics: Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Doxazosin; Drug Resistance; Fe	2004
Aldosterone inhibits uncoupling protein-1, induces insulin resistance, and stimulates proinflammatory adipokines in adipocytes. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2005, Volume: 37, Issue:7 Topics: Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Aldosterone; Animals; Blotting, Western; Carrier Proteins; Chemok	2005
Aldosterone as a key mediator of the cardiometabolic syndrome in primary aldosteronism: an observational study. Journal of hypertension, 2007, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Glucose	2007
Hypertension caused by prenatal testosterone excess in female sheep. American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 292, Issue:6 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Chlorides; Cholesterol; Disease Models, Animal; Dyslipidemias;	2007
Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are related to plasma aldosterone levels in hypertensive patients. Diabetes care, 2007, Volume: 30, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Glucose; Humans; Hyperinsulinism; Hypertension;	2007
Aldosterone suppresses insulin signaling via the downregulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 in vascular smooth muscle cells. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2007, Volume: 50, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Down-Regulation; Insulin; Insulin Receptor Su	2007
Adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in primary aldosteronism. American journal of hypertension, 2007, Volume: 20, Issue:8 Topics: Adiponectin; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Insulin	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
Body mass index predicts aldosterone production in normotensive adults on a high-salt diet. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Body Mass Index; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infusions	2007
A possible association between primary aldosteronism and a lower beta-cell function. Journal of hypertension, 2007, Volume: 25, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; C-Peptide; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Female; Humans; Hype	2007
Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia are related to plasma aldosterone levels in hypertensive patients: response to Colussi et al. Diabetes care, 2007, Volume: 30, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperinsulinism; Hypertension; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Reproducibility of	2007
Thiazide-induced subtle renal injury not observed in states of equivalent hypokalemia. Kidney international, 2007, Volume: 72, Issue:12 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diuretics; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension, Ren	2007
New trends in insulin resistance: the role of mineralocorticoids. Journal of the cardiometabolic syndrome, 2007,Fall, Volume: 2, Issue:4 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Mineralocorticoids; Oxidative	2007
Diastolic dysfunction is associated with insulin resistance, but not with aldosterone level in normotensive offspring of hypertensive families. Cardiology, 2008, Volume: 111, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Case-Control Studies; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Heart Failure,	2008
Insulin sensitivity and the effects of insulin on renal sodium handling and pressor systems in essential hypertensive patients. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1994, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Suppl Topics: Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Female; Glucose Clamp Technique; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Infu	1994
Magnesium deficiency produces insulin resistance and increased thromboxane synthesis. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 1993, Volume: 21, Issue:6 Pt 2 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Diet; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Injections, Intravenous;	1993
Effects of hyperinsulinaemia on renal function and the pressor system in insulin-resistant obese adolescents. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 1996, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aldosterone; Glucose Clamp Technique; Humans; Hypertension; I	1996
Renovascular hypertension and insulin sensitivity. European journal of clinical investigation, 1996, Volume: 26, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Blood Pressure;	1996
Insulin resistance in essential hypertension is related to plasma renin activity. Journal of human hypertension, 1998, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Blood Pressure; Female; Glucose Clamp Technique; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans;	1998
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are associated with plasma aldosterone levels in women. Obesity research, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass	1999
Effect of salt on insulin sensitivity differs according to gender and degree of salt sensitivity. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2000, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Family Health; Female; Humans; Hyper	2000
Insulin action in primary hyperaldosteronism before and after surgical or pharmacological treatment. Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 2000, Volume: 108, Issue:1 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Glucose Clamp Technique; Glucos	2000
Serum aldosterone changes during hyperinsulinemia are correlated to body mass index and insulin sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension. Journal of hypertension, 2001, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Calcium; Disease Progressio	2001
[Effect of insulin in hypertension with high and low levels of renin]. Casopis lekaru ceskych, 2001, Apr-12, Volume: 140, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Glucose Clamp Technique; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Hyperaldosteronis	2001
Insulin sensitivity and sodium excretion in normotensive offspring and hypertensive patients. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2001, Volume: 50, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Male; Norepinephrine;	2001
Insulin sensitivity with respect to glucose metabolism in hypertension-prone men did not predict the blood pressure increase in 5 years. Journal of human hypertension, 2001, Volume: 15, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Family Health; Follow-Up Studies	2001
Left ventricular structure and diastolic function in subjects with two hypertensive parents. Blood pressure, 2001, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Case-Control Studies; Catecholamines	2001
Can primary hyperaldosteronism be considered as a specific form of diabetes mellitus? Physiological research, 2001, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aldosterone; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Insulin;	2001
Effects of hormone replacement therapy on left ventricular hypertrophy and growth-promoting factors in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2002, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Aldosterone; Echocardiography; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Growth Substances; Humans; Hype	2002
Exogenous insulin augments in healthy volunteers the cardiovascular reactivity to noradrenaline but not to angiotensin II. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1991, Volume: 88, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Blood Pressure; Drug Interactions; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resi	1991

aldosterone and Insulin Resistance