aldosterone and Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The objective of the study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of (11)C-metomidate PET-computed tomography (CT) against the current gold standard of AVS."	9.16	Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of (11)C-metomidate positron emission tomography (PET)-CT for lateralizing aldosterone secretion by Conn's adenomas. ( Aigbirhio, F; Azizan, EA; Balan, K; Bird, N; Brown, MJ; Burton, TJ; Gurnell, M; Koo, B; Mackenzie, IS; Soloviev, DV, 2012)
"Imaging with [¹²³I]iodometomidate ([¹²³I]IMTO) has been shown to diagnose adrenocortical lesions with high sensitivity and specificity."	7.79	[¹²³I]Iodometomidate imaging in adrenocortical carcinoma. ( Allolio, B; Bock, S; Buck, AK; Fassnacht, M; Haenscheid, H; Hahner, S; Knoedler, P; Kreissl, MC; Reiners, C; Saeger, W; Schirbel, A; Verburg, FA, 2013)
" The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II (Ang II), two potent vasoconstrictors that are also involved in heart failure, on aldosterone secretion by human adrenocortical carcinoma NCIH295R cells grown in 96-well plates."	7.72	Synergistic stimulation of aldosterone production in human adrenocortical carcinoma NCI-H295R cells by endothelin-1 and angiotensin II. ( Hu, CW; Jeng, AY; Webb, RL, 2004)
"The relation between serum cortisol, plasma renin activity, angiotensin II (Ang II), or aldosterone levels and peripheral blood cell (mononuclear leukocytes and platelets) angiotensin II type 1A (AT1A) and 1B (AT1B) receptor mRNA levels was examined in both patients with Cushing's syndrome (seven patients with Cushing's syndrome due to unilateral adrenal cortical adenoma) and control subjects (seven normotensive patients with renal cell carcinoma)."	7.69	Gene expression of angiotensin II receptor in blood cells of Cushing's syndrome. ( Maruyama, T; Saruta, T; Shibata, H; Suzuki, H, 1995)
" Nineteen out of 47 patients (40%) with confirmed unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) were responsive to low-dose angiotensin II infusion (AII-R), as defined by an increase in plasma aldosterone concentration of > 50% over basal at 2 ng/kg per min for 60 min."	7.68	Angiotensin-responsive aldosterone-producing adenomas: postoperative disappearance of aldosterone response to angiotensin. ( Gordon, RD; Klemm, SA; Stowasser, M; Tunny, TJ, 1993)
" In vitro short-term production of cortisol by dispersed tumour and non-tumourous adrenal cortical cells was measured with and without added angiotensin II (AII) or adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) in adrenals removed from five patients with primary aldosteronism."	7.68	Cortisol production by aldosterone-producing adenomas in vitro. ( Gordon, RD; Klemm, SA; Stowasser, M; Tunny, TJ, 1993)
"Urinary excretion of 18-hydroxycortisol (18-OHF), 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB) and aldosterone 18-glucuronide (Aldo-18-glu) was measured in 10 patients with primary aldosteronism; 5 with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 5 with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), 10 patients with essential hypertension (EHT) and 11 normotensive subjects."	7.68	Determination of urinary 18-hydroxycortisol in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. ( Iki, K; Itoh, Y; Miyamori, I; Takasaki, H; Takeda, R; Takeda, Y, 1992)
"The plasma aldosterone (A) and desoxycorticosterone (DOCS) levels were measured in 10 patients with primary aldosteronism and in 2 subgroups with low-renin hypertensive disease (LRHD): (1) those with normal adrenal glands++ (n - 11) and (2) those with structural changes in the cortex (n - 11)."	7.68	[Plasma mineralocorticoids--aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone-- in patients with"low-renin"arterial hypertension]. ( Bulkina, OS; Gorbacheva, ON; Levitskaia, IuV; Obtrakht, NV; Sokolova, RI; Ustinova, SE, 1990)
" The present study evaluated plasma beta-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, and aldosterone levels in patients with IHA (n = 10), aldosterone-producing adenomas (n = 4), essential hypertension (n = 11), and normal subjects (n = 10)."	7.67	Plasma beta-endorphin levels in primary aldosteronism. ( Berelowitz, B; Griffing, GT; Hudson, M; Manson, JA; McIntosh, T; Melby, JC; Salzman, R, 1985)
"An adrenal cortex adenoma, surgically removed from a female patient with primary aldosteronism, was used to examine the effect of ACTH, angiotensin II, gamma 3-MSH, and the N-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin purified from porcine anterior pituitaries on aldosterone release in vitro."	7.66	Effect of N-terminal portion of pro-opiomelanocortin on aldosterone release by human adrenal adenoma in vitro. ( Chrétien, M; Genest, J; Gutkowska, J; Hamet, P; Larivière, N; Lis, M; Maurice, G; Seidah, NG, 1981)
"In 31 patients with primary aldosteronism routine clinical and laboratory data, the effect of orthostasis on plasma aldosterone (PA), plasma renin activity (PRA) and cortisol (PC), effect of fludrocortisone or high sodium intake on basal PA and night-day fluctuations of basal PA and PC with and without suppression of pituitary ACTH by dexamethasone were determined to differentiate patients with a unilateral aldosterone producing tumour (adenoma, APA, n=20; carcinoma, CA, n=1) from those with idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (IAH, n=10)."	7.66	Primary aldosteronism: inability to differentiate unilateral from bilateral adrenal lesions by various routine clinical and laboratory data and by peripheral plasma aldosterone. ( Furrer, J; Glänzer, K; Siebenschein, R; Siegenthaler, W; Studer, A; Vetter, H; Vetter, W; Witassek, F, 1978)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the leading cause of secondary hypertension, accounting for over 10% of patients with high blood pressure."	6.82	Update on the Genetics of Primary Aldosteronism and Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas. ( Faucz, FR; Hannah-Shmouni, F; Pitsava, G; Stratakis, CA, 2022)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is one of the most frequent curable forms of secondary hypertension."	6.72	Functional Characteristic and Significance of Aldosterone-Producing Cell Clusters in Primary Aldosteronism and Age-Related Hypertension. ( Azizan, EA; Pauzi, FA, 2021)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension."	6.58	Overview of aldosterone-related genetic syndromes and recent advances. ( Boulkroun, S; Fernandes-Rosa, FL; Zennaro, MC, 2018)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is caused by excessive production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex and is determined by a benign aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) in a significant proportion of cases."	6.53	Local Control of Aldosterone Production and Primary Aldosteronism. ( Barhanin, J; Lalli, E; Warth, R; Zennaro, MC, 2016)
"Primary aldosteronism is frequently caused by an adrenocortical aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) carrying a somatic mutation that drives aldosterone overproduction."	5.91	Primary Aldosteronism: Spatial Multiomics Mapping of Genotype-Dependent Heterogeneity and Tumor Expansion of Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas. ( Blum, H; Gong, S; Koupourtidou, C; Krebs, S; Masserdotti, G; Meyer, LS; Rainey, WE; Reincke, M; Sun, N; Tetti, M; Walch, A; Williams, TA, 2023)
"His aldosterone/renin ratio was high and plasma renin activity was low."	5.91	[A Case of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Carcinoma]. ( Asai, S; Hashimoto, K; Ishihara, M; Kanamaru, S; Katsushima, H; Nakayasu, R; Oshiro, H; Shimizu, Y; Son, C; Tsuji, K; Utsunomiya, N, 2023)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of endocrine hypertension and is characterized by inappropriately elevated aldosterone production via a renin-independent mechanism."	5.91	Somatic SLC30A1 mutations altering zinc transporter ZnT1 cause aldosterone-producing adenomas and primary aldosteronism. ( Bandulik, S; Blinder, AR; Else, T; Giordano, TJ; Kosmann, C; Kumar-Sinha, C; Lerario, AM; Nanba, K; Plain, A; Rainey, WE; Rege, J; Reincke, M; Sasano, H; Satoh, F; Turcu, AF; Udager, AM; Vats, P; Warth, R; Williams, TA; Yamazaki, Y, 2023)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common type of secondary hypertension, and it is associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular complications."	5.72	KCNJ5 Somatic Mutation Is Associated With Higher Aortic Wall Thickness and Less Calcification in Patients With Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma. ( Chang, CC; Chang, YY; Chen, ZW; Chiu, YW; Chou, CH; Huang, JZ; Hung, CS; Kang, VJ; Lee, BC; Liao, CW; Lin, YH; Lin, YL; Pan, CT; Tsai, CH; Wu, VC, 2022)
"In primary aldosteronism (PA), aldosterone secretion is relatively independent of the renin-angiotensin system, but can be regulated by several other stimuli."	5.62	Aldosterone is Aberrantly Regulated by Various Stimuli in a High Proportion of Patients with Primary Aldosteronism. ( Bourdeau, I; Lacroix, A; Martin, M; St-Jean, M, 2021)
"Accurate subtyping of the primary aldosteronism into aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia (IAH) is important to direct for specific treatment modalities."	5.56	A clinical prediction score using age at diagnosis and saline infusion test parameters can predict aldosterone-producing adenoma from idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia. ( Chan, KW; Fong, CHY; Lau, EYF; Leung, HT; Leung, JYY; Tan, KCB; Woo, YC, 2020)
"In addition, primary aldosteronism (PA) is clinically associated with not only more frequent cardiovascular events but also secondary metabolic disorders including abnormal calcium metabolism, osteoporosis and others."	5.51	The crosstalk between aldosterone and calcium metabolism in primary aldosteronism: A possible calcium metabolism-associated aberrant "neoplastic" steroidogenesis in adrenals. ( Gao, X; Morimoto, R; Nakamura, Y; Ogata, H; Omata, K; Onodera, Y; Sasano, H; Satoh, F; Tezuka, Y; Yamazaki, Y, 2019)
"In patients with KCNJ5-mutated APA, left ventricular hypertrophy was significantly decreased by surgical treatment in patients from either Cured or Improved groups, although those patients with wild-type KCNJ5 showed no change."	5.48	KCNJ5 mutation as a predictor for resolution of hypertension after surgical treatment of aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Kitamoto, T; Nishikawa, T; Omura, M; Saito, J; Suematsu, S, 2018)
"The tumor was a benign adrenocortical adenoma composed predominantly of clear cells positive for 17α-hydroxylase, [hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerases], and aldosterone synthase."	5.43	Extraordinarily high aldosterone, 901.0 ng/dL, in a patient with primary aldosteronism: an insight into the underlying mechanism. ( Aizawa, T; Komatsu, M; Matsushita, T; Nakasone, Y; Nishikawa, T; Oguchi, K; Okubo, Y; Sasano, H; Sato, Y; Shirotori, K; Yamauchi, K; Yamazaki, Y, 2016)
"Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy, which is usually diagnosed by histopathological examination of the excised tumor."	5.43	Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma with prominent hepatic metastasis diagnosed by liver biopsy: a case report. ( Ebisawa, T; Hayashi, T; Iuchi, H; Ohashi, K; Sakamoto, M; Sasano, H; Suzuki, H; Tojo, K; Utsunomiya, K, 2016)
"Primary aldosteronism was confirmed by using the oral sodium-loading test."	5.43	Aldosterone-producing Adenoma in Primary Aldosteronism: CT-guided Radiofrequency Ablation-Long-term Results and Recurrence Rate. ( Chiu, PW; Chow, FC; Chu, CC; Kong, AP; Liu, SY; Ng, EK; Tsui, TK; Wong, SK, 2016)
"Hyperkalemia was defined as serum potassium >5."	5.42	Clinical risk factors of postoperative hyperkalemia after adrenalectomy in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Choi, SH; Hong, AR; Kim, JH; Kim, SW; Kim, SY; Ku, EJ; Moon, MK; Park, KS; Shin, CS, 2015)
"The molecular mechanisms of primary aldosteronism, a common cause of human hypertension, are unknown, but alterations of K(+) channels can play a key role."	5.40	Lower expression of the TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel 2 (TASK-2) gene is a hallmark of aldosterone-producing adenoma causing human primary aldosteronism. ( Bader, M; Belloni, AS; Campos, AG; Caroccia, B; Fassina, A; Ferraro, S; Kuppusamy, M; Lenzini, L; Rainey, WE; Rossi, GP; Seccia, TM; Skander, G, 2014)
"Hyperkalemia is a potentially serious complication following adrenalectomy of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA)."	5.39	Incidence and factors of post-adrenalectomy hyperkalemia in patients with aldosterone producing adenoma. ( Cheng, CJ; Chiang, WF; Lin, MY; Lin, SH; Sun, GH; Sung, CC; Wu, ST, 2013)
"Moreover, aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinomas without hypertension are exceedingly rare, with only two previously reported cases."	5.38	Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma without hypertension. ( Bae, SB; Kim, SJ; Kim, YJ; Seo, SW; Song, MS, 2012)
"Normokalaemia does not exclude primary aldosteronism as the underlying cause of hypertension."	5.35	[Normokalaemic primary aldosteronism due to an aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma--Case 06/2009]. ( Guthoff, M; Horger, M; Kirchhoff, K; Kurth, R; Müssig, K; Schnauder, G, 2009)
"Rhabdomyolysis is a rare presentation of hypokalemia, although muscle weakness is a well known manifestation of marked hypokalemia."	5.35	An unusual case of an aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma presenting with rhabdomyolysis. ( Ahmetoğlu, A; Bahat, E; Imamoğlu, M; Karagüzel, G; Okten, A; Yildiz, K, 2009)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common curable disease of secondary hypertension."	5.35	Bilateral aldosterone-producing adenomas: differentiation from bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. ( Chang, HW; Chueh, SC; Hsieh, BS; Li, HY; Lin, WC; Lin, YH; Liu, KL; Wu, KD; Wu, VC, 2008)
"We report a rare case of adrenocortical carcinoma."	5.32	Co-secretion of aldosterone and cortisol by an adrenocortical carcinoma. ( Azizlerli, H; Kapran, Y; Kurtulmus, N; Yarman, S, 2004)
"The hypertension of Conn's syndrome is due to autonomous aldosterone production by a unilateral adrenocortical adenoma."	5.31	Polymorphic differences from normal in the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism and adrenal tumour (Conn's syndrome). ( Connell, JM; Davies, E; Fraser, R; Friel, EC; Inglis, GC; Plouin, PF, 2001)
"Although primary aldosteronism is rare, especially during pregnancy, it should be always considered as one of etiologies of hypertension in pregnancy."	5.30	Primary aldosteronism with aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma in a pregnant woman. ( Fujiyama, S; Inada, M; Iwasaka, T; Maruyama, K; Masaki, H; Matsubara, H; Matsuda, T; Mori, Y; Nagata, T; Okada, S; Umeda, Y; Yonemoto, T, 1999)
"We report a case of primary hyperaldosteronism due to unilateral diffuse hyperplasia."	5.29	Unilateral diffuse adrenal hyperplasia masquerading as aldosterone-producing adenoma in primary hyperaldosteronism. ( Hashimoto, T; Ishigooka, M; Kato, T; Kubota, Y; Nakada, T; Sasagawa, I; Suzuki, H, 1993)
"Aldosterone was secreted from the adrenal cortex in all patients and was increased by ACTH in 75% of the tissue specimens."	5.28	Basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol and aldosterone release from adrenocortical adenomas in vitro. ( Grimelius, L; Gröndal, S; Hamberger, B; Thorén, M, 1991)
"A 7-year-old girl had hyperaldosteronism due to an adrenal cortical adenoma, a rare, surgically remediable cause of hypertension."	5.27	Hypertension caused by an aldosterone-secreting adenoma. Occurrence in a 7-year-old child. ( Bryer-Ash, M; Luetscher, JA; Rosenfeld, RG; Shochat, SJ; Tune, BM; Wilson, DM, 1984)
"A 50-year old female with primary aldosteronism and masked hyperaldosteronemia is reported."	5.27	A case report of aldosterone producing adenoma with masked hyperaldosteronemia. ( Arimori, S; Hiramatsu, K; Takahashi, K, 1986)
"Primary aldosteronism, when caused by an aldosterone-producing adenoma, is a surgically treatable condition."	5.26	An aldosterone-producing adrenal cortical adenoma. ( Hugo, JM; Shipton, EA, 1982)
"Aldosterone excretion was high, normal, or low in each of the three types of Cushing's syndrome."	5.26	Deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone excretion in Cushing's syndrome. ( Cassar, J; Joplin, GF; Kelly, WF; Loizou, S; Mashiter, K, 1980)
"These data show that patients with hyperaldosteronism from an adrenal adenoma or hyperplasia have a consistent and exaggerated response to ACTH."	5.26	Plasma aldosterone response to ACTH in primary aldosteronism and in patients with low renin hypertension. ( Gomez-Sanchez, C; Higgins, JR; Holland, OB; Kem, DC; Kramer, NJ; Weinberger, MH, 1978)
"Twenty patients suffering from primary hyperaldosteronism were studied."	5.26	[The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive patients. II. Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism]. ( Benguigui, L; Corvol, P; Houde, M; Menard, J; Milliez, P; Tonnelier, M, 1977)
"The objective of the study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of (11)C-metomidate PET-computed tomography (CT) against the current gold standard of AVS."	5.16	Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of (11)C-metomidate positron emission tomography (PET)-CT for lateralizing aldosterone secretion by Conn's adenomas. ( Aigbirhio, F; Azizan, EA; Balan, K; Bird, N; Brown, MJ; Burton, TJ; Gurnell, M; Koo, B; Mackenzie, IS; Soloviev, DV, 2012)
"Imaging with [¹²³I]iodometomidate ([¹²³I]IMTO) has been shown to diagnose adrenocortical lesions with high sensitivity and specificity."	3.79	[¹²³I]Iodometomidate imaging in adrenocortical carcinoma. ( Allolio, B; Bock, S; Buck, AK; Fassnacht, M; Haenscheid, H; Hahner, S; Knoedler, P; Kreissl, MC; Reiners, C; Saeger, W; Schirbel, A; Verburg, FA, 2013)
" The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II (Ang II), two potent vasoconstrictors that are also involved in heart failure, on aldosterone secretion by human adrenocortical carcinoma NCIH295R cells grown in 96-well plates."	3.72	Synergistic stimulation of aldosterone production in human adrenocortical carcinoma NCI-H295R cells by endothelin-1 and angiotensin II. ( Hu, CW; Jeng, AY; Webb, RL, 2004)
"The relation between serum cortisol, plasma renin activity, angiotensin II (Ang II), or aldosterone levels and peripheral blood cell (mononuclear leukocytes and platelets) angiotensin II type 1A (AT1A) and 1B (AT1B) receptor mRNA levels was examined in both patients with Cushing's syndrome (seven patients with Cushing's syndrome due to unilateral adrenal cortical adenoma) and control subjects (seven normotensive patients with renal cell carcinoma)."	3.69	Gene expression of angiotensin II receptor in blood cells of Cushing's syndrome. ( Maruyama, T; Saruta, T; Shibata, H; Suzuki, H, 1995)
"To investigate the clinical significance of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) measurements, 175 patients with histologically confirmed adrenal tumors, 10 cortisol-producing adenomas, 59 aldosterone-producing adenomas, 56 non-hyperfunctioning adenomas, 13 adrenocortical carcinomas, 13 adrenal cysts, and 24 adrenomedullary tumors were studied."	3.69	Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels in patients with hyperfunctioning and non-hyperfunctioning adrenal tumors before and after adrenal surgery. ( Adleff, V; Fútó, L; Gláz, E; Jakab, C; Kiss, R; Rácz, K; Tóth, M; Varga, I, 1997)
" Nineteen out of 47 patients (40%) with confirmed unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) were responsive to low-dose angiotensin II infusion (AII-R), as defined by an increase in plasma aldosterone concentration of > 50% over basal at 2 ng/kg per min for 60 min."	3.68	Angiotensin-responsive aldosterone-producing adenomas: postoperative disappearance of aldosterone response to angiotensin. ( Gordon, RD; Klemm, SA; Stowasser, M; Tunny, TJ, 1993)
" In vitro short-term production of cortisol by dispersed tumour and non-tumourous adrenal cortical cells was measured with and without added angiotensin II (AII) or adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) in adrenals removed from five patients with primary aldosteronism."	3.68	Cortisol production by aldosterone-producing adenomas in vitro. ( Gordon, RD; Klemm, SA; Stowasser, M; Tunny, TJ, 1993)
"In order to elucidate the steroidogenesis of clinically nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenoma, we studied the aldosterone, cortisol (F) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) content and the expression of mRNA of cytochrome P450 for side chain cleavage (P450scc), 17 alpha-hydroxylase (P450c17)."	3.68	Disordered expression of adrenal steroidogenic P450 mRNAs in incidentally discovered nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma. ( Haji, M; Nawata, H; Ogo, A; Ohashi, M; Takayanagi, R; Yanase, T, 1992)
"Urinary excretion of 18-hydroxycortisol (18-OHF), 18-hydroxycorticosterone (18-OHB) and aldosterone 18-glucuronide (Aldo-18-glu) was measured in 10 patients with primary aldosteronism; 5 with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 5 with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), 10 patients with essential hypertension (EHT) and 11 normotensive subjects."	3.68	Determination of urinary 18-hydroxycortisol in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. ( Iki, K; Itoh, Y; Miyamori, I; Takasaki, H; Takeda, R; Takeda, Y, 1992)
"The plasma aldosterone (A) and desoxycorticosterone (DOCS) levels were measured in 10 patients with primary aldosteronism and in 2 subgroups with low-renin hypertensive disease (LRHD): (1) those with normal adrenal glands++ (n - 11) and (2) those with structural changes in the cortex (n - 11)."	3.68	[Plasma mineralocorticoids--aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone-- in patients with"low-renin"arterial hypertension]. ( Bulkina, OS; Gorbacheva, ON; Levitskaia, IuV; Obtrakht, NV; Sokolova, RI; Ustinova, SE, 1990)
"Low-dose angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion raised plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels only when endogenous renin-angiotensin levels were low, as in aldosterone-producing adenoma."	3.67	Atrial natriuretic peptide levels during angiotensin infusion and indomethacin administration are consistent with angiotensin-mediated regulation in man. ( Gordon, RD; Klemm, SA; Tunny, TJ, 1987)
" The present study evaluated plasma beta-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, and aldosterone levels in patients with IHA (n = 10), aldosterone-producing adenomas (n = 4), essential hypertension (n = 11), and normal subjects (n = 10)."	3.67	Plasma beta-endorphin levels in primary aldosteronism. ( Berelowitz, B; Griffing, GT; Hudson, M; Manson, JA; McIntosh, T; Melby, JC; Salzman, R, 1985)
"Cells isolated from five aldosterone-producing adenomas were used to study glucocorticoid and aldosterone production in response to ACTH, angiotensin II (A II), and peptides derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC), viz."	3.67	Effects of proopiomelanocortin peptides and angiotensin II on steroidogenesis in isolated aldosteronoma cells. ( Bogyo, A; de Smitter, N; Girard, F; Pham-Huu-Trung, MT, 1985)
"To determine the potential therapeutic effect of calcium entry blockade in primary aldosteronism, 10 patients (5 adenoma and 5 hyperplasia) documented by endocrine testing and/or surgery were given nifedipine (20 mg, sublingually) in the afternoon."	3.67	Therapeutic effect of calcium channel blockade in primary aldosteronism. ( Horton, R; Hsueh, W; Nadler, JL, 1985)
"An adrenal cortex adenoma, surgically removed from a female patient with primary aldosteronism, was used to examine the effect of ACTH, angiotensin II, gamma 3-MSH, and the N-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin purified from porcine anterior pituitaries on aldosterone release in vitro."	3.66	Effect of N-terminal portion of pro-opiomelanocortin on aldosterone release by human adrenal adenoma in vitro. ( Chrétien, M; Genest, J; Gutkowska, J; Hamet, P; Larivière, N; Lis, M; Maurice, G; Seidah, NG, 1981)
"Isolated adrenocortical cells from 6 patients with a 'normal' zona fasciculata, 4 patients with a 'normal' zona glomerulosa, and tumour cells from 1 adrenocortical adenoma and 1 carcinoma were incubated with and without increasing concentrations of ACTH 1-24 (10(-13) M to 10(-9) M) or Asp1-Ile5-angiotensin II (10(-11) M to 10(-7) M)."	3.66	Effects of angiotensin II and ACTH on normal and tumourous human adrenocortical cells. ( Belkien, L; Belmega, W; Fiedler, U; Häring, R; Oelkers, W; Shirpai, M, 1983)
" Materials in the organic extract from a pH-1 hydrolysate of pooled pregnancy urine, were located by their ability to bind with aldosterone and tetrahydroaldosterone antisera and exhibited similar chromatographic properties to the radioactive metabolites."	3.66	Characterisation of aldosterone metabolites cross reacting with aldosterone and tetrahydroaldosterone antibodies. ( Biglieri, EG; Haack, D; Honour, JW; Lichtwald, K; Vecsei, P, 1982)
"In 31 patients with primary aldosteronism routine clinical and laboratory data, the effect of orthostasis on plasma aldosterone (PA), plasma renin activity (PRA) and cortisol (PC), effect of fludrocortisone or high sodium intake on basal PA and night-day fluctuations of basal PA and PC with and without suppression of pituitary ACTH by dexamethasone were determined to differentiate patients with a unilateral aldosterone producing tumour (adenoma, APA, n=20; carcinoma, CA, n=1) from those with idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (IAH, n=10)."	3.66	Primary aldosteronism: inability to differentiate unilateral from bilateral adrenal lesions by various routine clinical and laboratory data and by peripheral plasma aldosterone. ( Furrer, J; Glänzer, K; Siebenschein, R; Siegenthaler, W; Studer, A; Vetter, H; Vetter, W; Witassek, F, 1978)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the leading cause of secondary hypertension, accounting for over 10% of patients with high blood pressure."	2.82	Update on the Genetics of Primary Aldosteronism and Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas. ( Faucz, FR; Hannah-Shmouni, F; Pitsava, G; Stratakis, CA, 2022)
"Primary aldosteronism affects up to 10% of hypertensive patients and is responsible for treatment resistance and increased cardiovascular risk."	2.82	Identification of risk loci for primary aldosteronism in genome-wide association studies. ( Abdellatif, AB; Amar, L; Baron, S; Beuschlein, F; Boulkroun, S; Chantalat, S; Cosentino, T; Cusi, D; De Sousa, K; Deleuze, JF; Deschasaux, M; Druesne-Pecollo, N; Empana, JP; Ferey, M; Fernandes-Rosa, FL; Frouin, A; Gieger, C; Giscos-Douriez, I; Jeunemaitre, X; Jouven, X; Larsen, CK; Le Floch, E; Lenzini, L; Meatchi, T; Meneton, P; Peters, A; Reincke, M; Rossi, GP; Saintpierre, B; Salvi, E; Touvier, M; Waldenberger, M; Zennaro, MC, 2022)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary arterial hypertension, due to excessive aldosterone production from the adrenal gland."	2.82	Vascular and hormonal interactions in the adrenal gland. ( Abdellatif, AB; Boulkroun, S; Fernandes-Rosa, FL; Zennaro, MC, 2022)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is one of the most frequent curable forms of secondary hypertension."	2.72	Functional Characteristic and Significance of Aldosterone-Producing Cell Clusters in Primary Aldosteronism and Age-Related Hypertension. ( Azizan, EA; Pauzi, FA, 2021)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of secondary hypertension affecting 5%-10% of patients with arterial hypertension."	2.66	Old and new genes in primary aldosteronism. ( Boulkroun, S; Fernandes-Rosa, FL; Zennaro, MC, 2020)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of endocrine hypertension."	2.66	Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Autoantibodies in Primary Aldosteronism. ( Gong, S; Meyer, LS; Reincke, M; Williams, TA, 2020)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension."	2.66	The Potential Role of Aldosterone-Producing Cell Clusters in Adrenal Disease. ( Lim, JS; Rainey, WE, 2020)
"Hypokalemia is closely linked with the pathophysiology of primary aldosteronism (PA)."	2.66	Hypokalemia and the Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism. ( Beuschlein, F; Gruber, S, 2020)
"Unilateral aldosteronism may also be due to multiple CYP11B2-expressing nodules of various sizes or a continuous band of hyperplastic ZG cells expressing CYP11B2."	2.66	Immunohistochemistry of the Human Adrenal CYP11B2 in Normal Individuals and in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism. ( Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Gomez-Sanchez, EP; Nishimoto, K, 2020)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension with a prevalence of 5-10% in hypertensive patients."	2.66	The landscape of molecular mechanism for aldosterone production in aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Oki, K, 2020)
"Primary aldosteronism, the excessive production of the steroid hormone aldosterone, is the most common cause of secondary hypertension."	2.61	[Primary aldosteronism : Genetics and pathology]. ( Scholl, U, 2019)
"The term 'idiopathic hyperaldosteronism' may soon become obsolete."	2.61	Immunohistochemistry for aldosterone synthase CYP11B2 and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry for in-situ aldosterone detection. ( Mukai, K; Mune, T; Nishimoto, K; Nishiyama, M; Sugiura, Y; Terada, Y; Zhang, Z, 2019)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension."	2.58	Overview of aldosterone-related genetic syndromes and recent advances. ( Boulkroun, S; Fernandes-Rosa, FL; Zennaro, MC, 2018)
"Untreated patients with primary aldosteronism showed an impaired physical and mental HRQoL as compared to the general population."	2.55	Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in Primary Aldosteronism: A Systematic Review. ( Burgers, VWG; de Nooijer, AH; Deinum, J; Hermus, ARMM; Husson, O; Lenders, JWM; Timmers, HJLM; Velema, MS, 2017)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, and early diagnosis and targeted treatment based on its pathophysiology is warranted."	2.55	Aldosterone-Producing Cell Clusters in Normal and Pathological States. ( Omata, K; Rainey, WE; Tomlins, SA, 2017)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common type of secondary hypertension affecting 6-10% of patients with primary hypertension."	2.55	Disordered CYP11B2 Expression in Primary Aldosteronism. ( Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Kuppusamy, M; Reincke, M; Williams, TA, 2017)
"Familial hyperaldosteronism has been with us for 50 years, and somatic mutations responsible for aldosterone producing adenomas for five."	2.55	Genetic disorders in primary aldosteronism-familial and somatic. ( Funder, JW, 2017)
"Hyperaldosteronism is the leading cause of secondary hypertension with up to 80% due to APA, statistically the most common functioning adrenal nodule."	2.55	Radiofrequency ablation treatment for aldosterone-producing adenomas. ( Faintuch, S; Sacks, AC; Sacks, BA, 2017)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is caused by excessive production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex and is determined by a benign aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) in a significant proportion of cases."	2.53	Local Control of Aldosterone Production and Primary Aldosteronism. ( Barhanin, J; Lalli, E; Warth, R; Zennaro, MC, 2016)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA), characterized by the inappropriate and abnormal adrenal secretion of aldosterone, is the most common cause of secondary hypertension."	2.53	Hyperaldosteronism: How to Discriminate Among Different Disease Forms? ( Buffolo, F; Burrello, J; Crudo, V; Monticone, S; Mulatero, P; Tetti, M; Veglio, F, 2016)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension and affects 8-13% of patients with hypertension."	2.53	Genetics of primary hyperaldosteronism. ( Dutta, RK; Gimm, O; Söderkvist, P, 2016)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common and curable form of secondary hypertension."	2.52	An update on novel mechanisms of primary aldosteronism. ( Boulkroun, S; Fernandes-Rosa, F; Zennaro, MC, 2015)
"Primary aldosteronism is one of the commonly identified causes of hypertension and is treatable and/or potentially curable."	2.52	Mineralocorticoid and apparent mineralocorticoid syndromes of secondary hypertension. ( Ardhanari, S; Chaudhary, K; Kannuswamy, R; Lockette, W; Whaley-Connell, A, 2015)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by autonomic aldosterone production, usually leading to severe hypertension and hypokalaemia."	2.52	[Primary aldosteronism: new insights into familial forms]. ( Claahsen van der Grinten, HL; Danser, AH; Deinum, J; van den Meiracker, AH; van der Linde, AA, 2015)
"Aldosterone plays a major role in the regulation of sodium and potassium homeostasis and blood pressure."	2.49	Genetics of mineralocorticoid excess: an update for clinicians. ( Boulkroun, S; Rickard, AJ; Zennaro, MC, 2013)
"The identification of primary aldosteronism as a common cause of resistant hypertension is a significant advance in our ability to care for patients with hypertension."	2.49	Endocrine and hypertensive disorders of potassium regulation: primary aldosteronism. ( Weiner, ID, 2013)
"Primary aldosteronism is the commonest form of hormone-related hypertension, with an estimated prevalence of 6-13% in the generalpopulation of hypertensive patients."	2.49	Primary aldosteronism - recent progress and current concepts. ( Januszewicz, A; Januszewicz, W; Kołodziejczyk-Kruk, S; Pęczkowska, M; Prejbisz, A; Zgliczyński, W, 2013)
"Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) is characterized by an increased Aldosterone synthesis which is independent of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System (RAAS)."	2.48	[Primay hyperaldosteronism--diagnostic and treatment]. ( Beuschlein, F; Potthoff, SA; Vonend, O, 2012)
"Primary Aldosteronism (PA) is a disorder of the adrenal zona glomerulosa (ZG) in which aldosterone secretion is increased and is relatively autonomous of normal regulatory mechanisms."	2.46	Progress in primary aldosteronism: present challenges and perspectives. ( Fallo, F; Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Mannelli, M; Rossi, GP, 2010)
"Primary hyperaldosteronism has historically been underdiagnosed as a cause of hypertension, but recent reports highlight its ubiquitous nature with a prevalence of 5%-10% in screened hypertensive patients."	2.46	Adrenal vein sampling. ( Angle, JF; Kahn, SL, 2010)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) and, in particular, its two commonest subtypes (i."	2.44	Medical treatment as an alternative to adrenalectomy in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas. ( Athyros, VG; Harsoulis, F; Kakafika, AI; Karagiannis, A; Mikhailidis, DP; Tziomalos, K, 2008)
"We present a case of oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma in a 25-year-old man who presented with persistent hypertension, hypokalemia, and a large right adrenal mass."	2.44	Functional oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma. ( Ali, AE; Raphael, SJ, 2007)
"Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA), autonomic secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, is rare."	2.42	[Primary hyperaldosteronism]. ( Deinum, J; van den Meiracker, AH, 2003)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension."	2.42	Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism. ( Leotta, G; Morello, F; Mulatero, P; Rabbia, F; Veglio, F, 2003)
"Microscopically, a glucagonoma, measuring 2."	2.40	A rare combination consisting of primary hyperaldosteronism and glucagonoma. ( Abe, H; Kimura, W; Kubota, K; Makuuchi, M; Noie, T, 1999)
"Thus, primary aldosteronism represents one of a few potentially curable forms of hypertension."	2.38	Cellular origin of aldosteronomas. ( Ganguly, A, 1992)
"Primary aldosteronism is frequently caused by an adrenocortical aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) carrying a somatic mutation that drives aldosterone overproduction."	1.91	Primary Aldosteronism: Spatial Multiomics Mapping of Genotype-Dependent Heterogeneity and Tumor Expansion of Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas. ( Blum, H; Gong, S; Koupourtidou, C; Krebs, S; Masserdotti, G; Meyer, LS; Rainey, WE; Reincke, M; Sun, N; Tetti, M; Walch, A; Williams, TA, 2023)
"His aldosterone/renin ratio was high and plasma renin activity was low."	1.91	[A Case of Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Carcinoma]. ( Asai, S; Hashimoto, K; Ishihara, M; Kanamaru, S; Katsushima, H; Nakayasu, R; Oshiro, H; Shimizu, Y; Son, C; Tsuji, K; Utsunomiya, N, 2023)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of endocrine hypertension and is characterized by inappropriately elevated aldosterone production via a renin-independent mechanism."	1.91	Somatic SLC30A1 mutations altering zinc transporter ZnT1 cause aldosterone-producing adenomas and primary aldosteronism. ( Bandulik, S; Blinder, AR; Else, T; Giordano, TJ; Kosmann, C; Kumar-Sinha, C; Lerario, AM; Nanba, K; Plain, A; Rainey, WE; Rege, J; Reincke, M; Sasano, H; Satoh, F; Turcu, AF; Udager, AM; Vats, P; Warth, R; Williams, TA; Yamazaki, Y, 2023)
"Aldosterone was positively associated with PTH levels (r = 0."	1.72	Association Between Aldosterone and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Patients With Adrenocortical Tumors. ( Altieri, P; Balacchi, C; Borghi, C; Cosentino, ER; Di Cintio, I; Di Dalmazi, G; Golfieri, R; Malandra, J; Mosconi, C; Pagotto, U; Pelusi, C; Vicennati, V; Zavatta, G, 2022)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common type of secondary hypertension, and it is associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular complications."	1.72	KCNJ5 Somatic Mutation Is Associated With Higher Aortic Wall Thickness and Less Calcification in Patients With Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma. ( Chang, CC; Chang, YY; Chen, ZW; Chiu, YW; Chou, CH; Huang, JZ; Hung, CS; Kang, VJ; Lee, BC; Liao, CW; Lin, YH; Lin, YL; Pan, CT; Tsai, CH; Wu, VC, 2022)
"Adrenocortical carcinoma is a heterogeneous and aggressive cancer that originates from steroidogenic cells within the adrenal cortex."	1.72	A Comprehensive Investigation of Steroidogenic Signaling in Classical and New Experimental Cell Models of Adrenocortical Carcinoma. ( Abate, A; Berruti, A; Bornstein, SR; Bothou, C; Cosentini, D; Hantel, C; Peitzsch, M; Penton, D; Sigala, S; Tiberio, GAM, 2022)
"Primary aldosteronism is mainly caused by APAs or idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA)."	1.72	Characterization of Aldosterone-producing Cell Cluster (APCC) at Single-cell Resolution. ( Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Horiuchi, Y; Iwahashi, N; Kosaka, T; Mukai, K; Nishimoto, K; Ogawa, Y; Oya, M; Seki, M; Seki, T; Suematsu, M; Suzuki, Y; Umakoshi, H; Umezawa, Y, 2022)
"However, adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) and primary aldosteronism (PA) are rare in MEN1."	1.72	Genetic Dissection of Primary Aldosteronism in a Patient With MEN1 and Ipsilateral Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Adenoma. ( Bourdeau, I; Corbeil, G; Duranceau, C; El-Haffaf, Z; Karakiewicz, PI; Lacroix, A; Latour, M; Parisien-La Salle, S, 2022)
"In primary aldosteronism (PA), aldosterone secretion is relatively independent of the renin-angiotensin system, but can be regulated by several other stimuli."	1.62	Aldosterone is Aberrantly Regulated by Various Stimuli in a High Proportion of Patients with Primary Aldosteronism. ( Bourdeau, I; Lacroix, A; Martin, M; St-Jean, M, 2021)
"Accurate subtyping of the primary aldosteronism into aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia (IAH) is important to direct for specific treatment modalities."	1.56	A clinical prediction score using age at diagnosis and saline infusion test parameters can predict aldosterone-producing adenoma from idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia. ( Chan, KW; Fong, CHY; Lau, EYF; Leung, HT; Leung, JYY; Tan, KCB; Woo, YC, 2020)
"Primary aldosteronism, which is usually caused by an aldosterone-producing tumour, affects glucose metabolism."	1.56	Insulin secretion and sensitivity before and after surgical treatment for aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Fukuoka, H; Hirota, Y; Iguchi, G; Komada, H; Nakamura, T; Ogawa, W; Okuno, Y; Sakaguchi, K; So, A; Takahashi, Y, 2020)
"Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenomas (APAs) are mainly composed of clear (lipid rich) and compact (eosinophilic) tumor cells."	1.56	Histological Characterization of Aldosterone-producing Adrenocortical Adenomas with Different Somatic Mutations. ( Beuschlein, F; Carling, T; Else, T; Ito, S; Monticone, S; Mulatero, P; Omata, K; Ono, Y; Rainey, WE; Reincke, M; Rhayem, Y; Sasano, H; Satoh, F; Tomlins, SA; Williams, TA; Yamazaki, Y, 2020)
"Correct subtyping of primary aldosteronism (PA) is critical for guiding clinical management."	1.56	The Concordance Between Imaging and Adrenal Vein Sampling Varies With Aldosterone-Driver Somatic Mutation. ( Caoili, E; Nanba, A; Nanba, K; Rainey, WE; Shields, JJ; Turcu, AF; Wannachalee, T, 2020)
"Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia was diagnosed initially; however, genetic testing revealed no 21-hydroxylase deficiency."	1.56	Adrenal Tumor Mimicking Non-Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. ( Dai, SH; Tsai, CH; Tsai, WH; Wong, CH; Zeng, YH, 2020)
"Four out of 25 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism failed dexamethasone suppression tests."	1.51	The relevance of cortisol co-secretion from aldosterone-producing adenomas. ( Bhatt, PS; Meeran, KM; Salem, V; Sam, AH, 2019)
"APA cause primary aldosteronism (PA), which affect 3-10% of the hypertensive population."	1.51	Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas. ( Åkerström, T; Björklund, P; Hellman, P, 2019)
"The adrenal glands with adrenocortical adenomas from 79 black patients with primary aldosteronism were studied."	1.51	Genetic Characteristics of Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas in Blacks. ( Barletta, JA; Cohen, DL; Demidowich, AP; Else, T; Gellert, L; Giordano, TJ; Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Luther, JM; Nanba, K; Omata, K; Rainey, WE; Stratakis, CA; Suzuki, M; Thompson, LDR; Tomlins, SA; Vaidya, A, 2019)
"In addition, primary aldosteronism (PA) is clinically associated with not only more frequent cardiovascular events but also secondary metabolic disorders including abnormal calcium metabolism, osteoporosis and others."	1.51	The crosstalk between aldosterone and calcium metabolism in primary aldosteronism: A possible calcium metabolism-associated aberrant "neoplastic" steroidogenesis in adrenals. ( Gao, X; Morimoto, R; Nakamura, Y; Ogata, H; Omata, K; Onodera, Y; Sasano, H; Satoh, F; Tezuka, Y; Yamazaki, Y, 2019)
"In patients with KCNJ5-mutated APA, left ventricular hypertrophy was significantly decreased by surgical treatment in patients from either Cured or Improved groups, although those patients with wild-type KCNJ5 showed no change."	1.48	KCNJ5 mutation as a predictor for resolution of hypertension after surgical treatment of aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Kitamoto, T; Nishikawa, T; Omura, M; Saito, J; Suematsu, S, 2018)
"Nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenoma (n = 12) and APA (n = 35) samples were analyzed."	1.48	Purkinje Cell Protein 4 Expression Is Associated With DNA Methylation Status in Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma. ( Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Hattori, N; Itcho, K; Kobuke, K; Ohno, H; Oki, K; Yoneda, M; Yoshii, Y, 2018)
"The mechanism of aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma (APA) pathogenesis and the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in APA pathogenesis have not been completely clarified."	1.48	MiR-193a-3p functions as a tumour suppressor in human aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma by down-regulating CYP11B2. ( Huang, R; Kang, H; Lai, C; Liu, Q; Xie, T; Zhang, G; Zhu, J; Zou, X, 2018)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) represents the most frequent form of endocrine hypertension."	1.48	Cortisol Excess in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism Impacts Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. ( Adolf, C; Arlt, W; Beuschlein, F; Bidlingmaier, M; Franke, A; Heinrich, DA; Köhler, A; Ladurner, R; Lang, K; Löw, A; Reincke, M; Riester, A; Treitl, M, 2018)
"Primary aldosteronism is a common cause of hypertension, which becomes refractory if undiagnosed, but potentially curable when caused by an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA)."	1.46	Physiological and Pathological Roles in Human Adrenal of the Glomeruli-Defining Matrix Protein NPNT (Nephronectin). ( Brown, MJ; Garg, S; Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Gurnell, M; Johnson, TI; Teo, AE; Zhao, W; Zhou, J, 2017)
"Primary hyperaldosteronism is a common cause of hypertension in the adult population."	1.46	A case of confirmed primary hyperaldosteronism diagnosed despite normal screening investigations. ( Carroll, R; Feltham, J; Gould, A; Harper, S, 2017)
"Subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) occurs in 5% to 30% of adrenal incidentalomas (AIs)."	1.46	Low DHEAS: A Sensitive and Specific Test for the Detection of Subclinical Hypercortisolism in Adrenal Incidentalomas. ( Annamalai, AK; Dennedy, MC; Freeman, N; Graggaber, J; Gurnell, M; Halsall, DJ; Koulouri, O; Powlson, AS; Prankerd-Smith, O; Shaw, A; Vengopal, K, 2017)
"The tumor was a benign adrenocortical adenoma composed predominantly of clear cells positive for 17α-hydroxylase, [hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 beta- and steroid delta-isomerases], and aldosterone synthase."	1.43	Extraordinarily high aldosterone, 901.0 ng/dL, in a patient with primary aldosteronism: an insight into the underlying mechanism. ( Aizawa, T; Komatsu, M; Matsushita, T; Nakasone, Y; Nishikawa, T; Oguchi, K; Okubo, Y; Sasano, H; Sato, Y; Shirotori, K; Yamauchi, K; Yamazaki, Y, 2016)
"Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy, which is usually diagnosed by histopathological examination of the excised tumor."	1.43	Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma with prominent hepatic metastasis diagnosed by liver biopsy: a case report. ( Ebisawa, T; Hayashi, T; Iuchi, H; Ohashi, K; Sakamoto, M; Sasano, H; Suzuki, H; Tojo, K; Utsunomiya, K, 2016)
"Normotensive hyperaldosteronism is a rare disorder."	1.43	A Woman with Normotensive Primary Hyperaldosteronism. ( Amirbaigloo, A; Moradi, S; Shafiepour, M, 2016)
"Primary aldosteronism was confirmed by using the oral sodium-loading test."	1.43	Aldosterone-producing Adenoma in Primary Aldosteronism: CT-guided Radiofrequency Ablation-Long-term Results and Recurrence Rate. ( Chiu, PW; Chow, FC; Chu, CC; Kong, AP; Liu, SY; Ng, EK; Tsui, TK; Wong, SK, 2016)
"Unilateral primary aldosteronism (PA) should have a contralaterally normal and therefore suppressed adrenal zona glomerulosa."	1.42	Defining contralateral adrenal suppression in primary aldosteronism: implications for diagnosis and outcome. ( Chin, A; Harvey, A; Kline, GA; Pasieka, JL; So, B, 2015)
"If detected in patients with primary aldosteronism could implicate prorenin in the development of primary aldosteronism."	1.42	Expression and functional role of the prorenin receptor in the human adrenocortical zona glomerulosa and in primary aldosteronism. ( Belloni, AS; Caroccia, B; Ceolotto, G; Gonzales-Campos, A; Lenzini, L; Nussberger, J; Petrelli, L; Rainey, WE; Recarti, C; Rossi, GP; Seccia, TM, 2015)
"Hyperkalemia was defined as serum potassium >5."	1.42	Clinical risk factors of postoperative hyperkalemia after adrenalectomy in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Choi, SH; Hong, AR; Kim, JH; Kim, SW; Kim, SY; Ku, EJ; Moon, MK; Park, KS; Shin, CS, 2015)
"Although primary aldosteronism is associated with more prominent cardiac remodeling and diastolic dysfunction, the reversibility of diastolic function is unclear."	1.42	Circulating tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 is associated with aldosterone-induced diastolic dysfunction. ( Chang, YS; Chang, YY; Chen, MF; Chen, YH; Chou, CH; Ho, YL; Hung, CS; Lin, YH; Su, MJ; Tsai, YC; Wu, KD; Wu, VC; Wu, XM, 2015)
"Primary aldosteronism affects 6% of hypertensive patients."	1.42	[Primary aldosteronism]. ( Amar, L, 2015)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension."	1.42	Different Somatic Mutations in Multinodular Adrenals With Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma. ( Amar, L; Boulkroun, S; Fernandes-Rosa, FL; Giscos-Douriez, I; Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Meatchi, T; Zennaro, MC, 2015)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA, also Conn syndrome) is a benign disease in majority of cases."	1.40	Predictors of malignancy in primary aldosteronism. ( Agha, A; Haneya, A; Hornung, M; Iesalnieks, I; Jung, EM; Schlitt, HJ; Schreyer, A, 2014)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the main cause of secondary hypertension, resulting from adrenal aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA) or bilateral hyperplasia."	1.40	WNT/β-catenin signalling is activated in aldosterone-producing adenomas and controls aldosterone production. ( Amar, L; Assié, G; Batisse-Lignier, M; Bertherat, J; Berthon, A; Boulkroun, S; Drelon, C; Lefèbvre, H; Lefrançois-Martinez, AM; Martinez, A; Plateroti, M; Plouin, PF; Ragazzon, B; Sahut-Barnola, I; Samson-Couterie, B; Skah, S; Tissier, F; Val, P; Zennaro, MC, 2014)
"The molecular mechanisms of primary aldosteronism, a common cause of human hypertension, are unknown, but alterations of K(+) channels can play a key role."	1.40	Lower expression of the TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel 2 (TASK-2) gene is a hallmark of aldosterone-producing adenoma causing human primary aldosteronism. ( Bader, M; Belloni, AS; Campos, AG; Caroccia, B; Fassina, A; Ferraro, S; Kuppusamy, M; Lenzini, L; Rainey, WE; Rossi, GP; Seccia, TM; Skander, G, 2014)
"Primary aldosteronism (autonomous aldosterone production with suppressed renin) plays an important pathophysiological role in what has been previously labeled as essential hypertension."	1.40	Role for germline mutations and a rare coding single nucleotide polymorphism within the KCNJ5 potassium channel in a large cohort of sporadic cases of primary aldosteronism. ( Gordon, RD; Massimo, G; Murthy, M; O'Shaughnessy, KM; Stowasser, M; Wolley, M; Xu, S, 2014)
"From 257 consecutive primary aldosteronism patients, we identified 176 who had both a diagnosis of APA by the 'four corners' criteria and high-quality echocardiographic data."	1.40	KCNJ5 gene somatic mutations affect cardiac remodelling but do not preclude cure of high blood pressure and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in primary aldosteronism. ( Cesari, M; Cicala, MV; Iacobone, M; Kuppusamy, M; Letizia, C; Mantero, F; Mareso, S; Pessina, AC; Rossi, GP; Sciomer, S; Seccia, TM; Zinnamosca, L, 2014)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension."	1.40	Genetic spectrum and clinical correlates of somatic mutations in aldosterone-producing adenoma. ( Allolio, B; Amar, L; Bernini, G; Beuschlein, F; Boulkroun, S; Cicala, MV; Fallo, F; Fernandes-Rosa, FL; Giacchetti, G; Jeunemaitre, X; Maccario, M; Mantero, F; Meatchi, T; Monticone, S; Mulatero, P; Quinkler, M; Reincke, M; Riester, A; Steichen, O; Strom, TM; Williams, TA; Zennaro, MC, 2014)
"Although primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of endocrine hypertension, histopathological methods to reveal the presence and sites of aldosterone overproduction remain to be established."	1.39	Histopathological diagnosis of primary aldosteronism using CYP11B2 immunohistochemistry. ( Katabami, T; Kawa, G; Mukai, K; Nanba, K; Naruse, M; Nishimoto, K; Okumura, A; Okuno, H; Sawai, K; Shimatsu, A; Tagami, T; Tanabe, A; Tsuiki, M; Usui, T; Yamamoto, T, 2013)
"Hyperkalemia is a potentially serious complication following adrenalectomy of aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA)."	1.39	Incidence and factors of post-adrenalectomy hyperkalemia in patients with aldosterone producing adenoma. ( Cheng, CJ; Chiang, WF; Lin, MY; Lin, SH; Sun, GH; Sung, CC; Wu, ST, 2013)
"Moreover, aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinomas without hypertension are exceedingly rare, with only two previously reported cases."	1.38	Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma without hypertension. ( Bae, SB; Kim, SJ; Kim, YJ; Seo, SW; Song, MS, 2012)
"Insulin resistance in primary aldosteronism might occur in compartments other than fat and/or depend on concurrent environmental factors."	1.36	Analysis of insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue of patients with primary aldosteronism. ( Calcagno, A; Fallo, F; Giacchetti, G; Giorgino, F; Gomez-Sanchez, C; Hubert, EL; Mulatero, P; Peschechera, A; Pilon, C; Sonino, N; Toffanin, M; Urbanet, R; Vettor, R; Zennaro, MC, 2010)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of secondary hypertension with hypokalemia and suppressed renin-angiotensin system caused by autonomous aldosterone production."	1.36	Adrenal cortex remodeling and functional zona glomerulosa hyperplasia in primary aldosteronism. ( Amar, L; Benecke, A; Boulkroun, S; Dzib, JF; Jeunemaitre, X; Lalli, E; Lefebvre, H; Louiset, E; Meatchi, T; Plouin, PF; Samson-Couterie, B; Zennaro, MC, 2010)
"The diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism due to microadenoma or unilateral adrenal hyperplasia can be challenging, since hypokalaemic alkalosis, high plasma aldosterone and a definite adenoma on imaging may all be absent."	1.35	Primary hyperaldosteronism due to adrenal microadenoma: a curable cause of refractory hypertension. ( Appleton, DS; Brown, MJ; Coghill, S; Jamieson, N; Lomas, DJ; Myint, KS; Taylor, KP; Watts, M, 2008)
"Aldosterone secretion was stimulated by GIP in primary cultures of this patient's aldosteronoma."	1.35	Regulation of aldosterone secretion by several aberrant receptors including for glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide in a patient with an aldosteronoma. ( Arjane, P; Bourdeau, I; Godbout, A; Hamet, P; Lacroix, A; Lampron, A; Oble, S; Schürch, W, 2009)
"Findings suggested that primary hyperaldosteronism should be considered as a possible cause in ferrets with hypokalemia, hypertension, and an adrenal gland mass."	1.35	Primary hyperaldosteronism in a domestic ferret with an adrenocortical adenoma. ( Desmarchelier, M; Dunn, M; Lair, S; Langlois, I, 2008)
"Normokalaemia does not exclude primary aldosteronism as the underlying cause of hypertension."	1.35	[Normokalaemic primary aldosteronism due to an aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma--Case 06/2009]. ( Guthoff, M; Horger, M; Kirchhoff, K; Kurth, R; Müssig, K; Schnauder, G, 2009)
"Rhabdomyolysis is a rare presentation of hypokalemia, although muscle weakness is a well known manifestation of marked hypokalemia."	1.35	An unusual case of an aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma presenting with rhabdomyolysis. ( Ahmetoğlu, A; Bahat, E; Imamoğlu, M; Karagüzel, G; Okten, A; Yildiz, K, 2009)
"Laboratory data suggested primary aldosteronism (PA)."	1.35	Primary aldosteronism due to unilateral adrenal microadenoma in an elderly patient: efficacy of selective adrenal venous sampling. ( Adachi, J; Araki, A; Chiba, Y; Horiuchi, T; Ito, H; Kasuya, Y; Mori, S; Murayama, T; Sasano, H; Sawabe, M; Takeda, K; Tamura, Y, 2008)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common curable disease of secondary hypertension."	1.35	Bilateral aldosterone-producing adenomas: differentiation from bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. ( Chang, HW; Chueh, SC; Hsieh, BS; Li, HY; Lin, WC; Lin, YH; Liu, KL; Wu, KD; Wu, VC, 2008)
"Primary hyperaldosteronism is described in a 27-year-old Brazilian woman from an endemic area of schistosomiasis."	1.34	Clinics in diagnostic imaging (113). ( Costa, AF; dos Santos, VM; Resurreição, FM; Vieira, MT, 2007)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) represents an important cause of secondary hypertension, potentially curable, and it has been receiving particular attention due to its increasing prevalence, after the beginning of the use of plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio as a screening method."	1.34	[Primary aldosteronism caused by aldosteronoma: problems in the etiologic diagnosis]. ( Brandão Neto, RA; Danilovic, DL; Freire, DS; Lucon, AM; Paraíba, DB; Pereira, MA, 2007)
"There is a high prevalence for primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) in hypertensive patients."	1.34	[Comparison of adrenal imaging and selective adrenal vein sampling in primary hyperaldosteronism]. ( Adams, S; Hahn, K; Kokulinsky, P; Liermann, D; Rump, LC; Stegbauer, J; Vonend, O, 2007)
"Treatment with mitotane was instituted and successful for a period of 4-months until the dog was euthanatized for neurologic problems that were most likely unrelated to endocrine disease."	1.33	Corticosterone- and aldosterone-secreting adrenocortical tumor in a dog. ( Behrend, EN; Kemppainen, RJ; Refsal, KR; Weigand, CM; Whitley, EM; Young, DW, 2005)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common form of mineralocorticoid hypertension."	1.33	[Diagnosis and treatment outcome in primary aldosteronism based on a retrospective analysis of 187 cases]. ( Dabasi, G; Füto, L; Gláz, E; Horányi, J; Jakab, C; Járay, J; Kiss, R; Major, L; Molnár, F; Patócs, A; Perner, F; Rácz, K; Szücs, N; Tóth, M; Tulassay, Z; Varga, I, 2006)
"Primary aldosteronism is the most common endocrine form of secondary hypertension, but no single test or imaging method always identifies it."	1.33	The role of adrenal venous sampling in the surgical management of primary aldosteronism. ( Bernante, P; Pelizzo, MR; Rossi, GP; Toniato, A, 2006)
"Exploratory laparotomy revealed adrenocortical carcinoma."	1.33	Unusual visualization of an adrenal carcinoma on NP-59 scintiscan. ( Chang, YH; Pan, CC; Tu, DG; Wang, FF; Won, JG, 2006)
"The clinical data of 267 patients of primary hyperaldosteronism with adrenal adenoma confirmed by operation 1995 - 2005 were analyzed."	1.33	[Causes of delaying diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism with adrenal adenoma and strategy therefore]. ( Li, HZ; Pan, DL; Yan, QZ, 2006)
"The association of Conn's syndrome with Behcet's disease was thought to be coincidental."	1.32	Conn's syndrome associated with Behcet's disease. ( Kim, YA; Lee, SS, 2003)
"The aldosterone peak level was significantly higher in APAs [mean +/- SEM: 84."	1.32	Functional and nonfunctional adrenocortical tumors demonstrate a high responsiveness to low-dose adrenocorticotropin. ( Arnaldi, G; Kola, B; Mancini, T; Mantero, F, 2003)
"Aortic dissection is a rare but severe disease."	1.32	[Primary aldosteronism. A risk factor for aortic dissection?]. ( Blacher, J; Kesri, L; Mourad, JJ; Safar, M; Tartière, JM, 2003)
"We report a rare case of adrenocortical carcinoma."	1.32	Co-secretion of aldosterone and cortisol by an adrenocortical carcinoma. ( Azizlerli, H; Kapran, Y; Kurtulmus, N; Yarman, S, 2004)
"Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) frequently have extracolonic manifestations of their disease."	1.31	Primary aldosteronism in a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis. ( Alexander, GL; Schwartz, DA; Thompson, GB, 2000)
"Metyrapone inhibition was associated with a concomitant increase in the formation of androgens (androstenedione and testosterone) from pregnenolone."	1.31	Biosynthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones by human adrenal carcinomas. ( Brown, JW; Fishman, LM, 2000)
"The hypertension of Conn's syndrome is due to autonomous aldosterone production by a unilateral adrenocortical adenoma."	1.31	Polymorphic differences from normal in the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism and adrenal tumour (Conn's syndrome). ( Connell, JM; Davies, E; Fraser, R; Friel, EC; Inglis, GC; Plouin, PF, 2001)
"Primary aldosteronism is classified as aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), unilateral adrenal hyperplasia (UAH), primary adrenal hyperplasia (PAH), adrenal cancer, and glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism."	1.31	Unique cases of unilateral hyperaldosteronemia due to multiple adrenocortical micronodules, which can only be detected by selective adrenal venous sampling. ( Fujiwara, T; Nishikawa, T; Omura, M; Sasano, H; Yamaguchi, K, 2002)
"Primary aldosteronism very rarely develops to malignant hypertension, and even in that case ARC is suppressed."	1.30	Malignant hypertension in a patient with primary aldosteronism with elevated active renin concentration. ( Fujiwara, K; Hayashi, K; Nakazato, T; Oka, K; Saruta, T; Suzawa, T, 1997)
"Primary aldosteronism consists of a mixture of subgroups."	1.30	Adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism: long-term follow-up study in 29 patients. ( Haapiainen, R; Huikuri, K; Sirén, J; Sivula, A; Välimäki, M; Voutilainen, P, 1998)
"By contrast, myelolipomas (23+/-20) ganglioneuromas (43+/-15) and a hemangioma (11 pg/mg cytosolic protein) had very low p53 protein content."	1.30	p53 protein and its messenger ribonucleic acid in human adrenal tumors. ( Adleff, V; Bezzegh, A; Gláz, E; Rácz, K; Tóth, M; Varga, I, 1998)
"Although primary aldosteronism is rare, especially during pregnancy, it should be always considered as one of etiologies of hypertension in pregnancy."	1.30	Primary aldosteronism with aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma in a pregnant woman. ( Fujiyama, S; Inada, M; Iwasaka, T; Maruyama, K; Masaki, H; Matsubara, H; Matsuda, T; Mori, Y; Nagata, T; Okada, S; Umeda, Y; Yonemoto, T, 1999)
"Ventricular fibrillation has not previously been described as a presention of a biochemically and surgically proven aldosterone-producing adenoma."	1.30	Ventricular fibrillation: an extreme presentation of primary hyperaldosteronism. ( Abdo, A; Bebb, RA; Wilkins, GE, 1999)
"Dexamethasone-sensitive hyperaldosteronism is associated with early onset hypertension and primary hyperaldosteronism."	1.29	[Hyperaldosteronism sensitive to dexamethasone with adrenal adenoma. Clinical, biological and genetic study]. ( Aupetit-Faisant, B; Charru, A; Corvol, P; Guyene, TT; Jeunemaitre, X; Pascoe, L; Plouin, PF; Schambelan, M; Shackleton, CH, 1995)
"In patients with primary aldosteronism due to aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) (n = 21) and Cushing's disease or syndrome (Cushing's disease n = 13; adrenocortical adenoma n = 10), plasma 18oxoF level early in the morning following an overnight fast was evaluated as well as plasma cortisol and aldosterone levels."	1.29	Plasma 18-oxocortisol levels in the patients with adrenocortical disorders. ( Gomez-Sanchez, CE; Miura, K; Morita, H; Mune, T; Yamakita, N; Yasuda, K, 1994)
"The aldosterone content was significantly elevated, while the androstenedione content was significantly decreased in the tumour portion of the adenoma compared with that in the normal control adrenals."	1.29	Significance of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathogenesis of adrenal tumour. ( Ishimura, Y; Ogishima, T; Saruta, T; Shibata, H; Suzuki, H, 1993)
"We report a case of primary hyperaldosteronism due to unilateral diffuse hyperplasia."	1.29	Unilateral diffuse adrenal hyperplasia masquerading as aldosterone-producing adenoma in primary hyperaldosteronism. ( Hashimoto, T; Ishigooka, M; Kato, T; Kubota, Y; Nakada, T; Sasagawa, I; Suzuki, H, 1993)
"A small subgroup of primary aldosteronism due to aldosteronoma, named aldosterone-producing renin-responsive adenoma (AP-RA), has been reported to masquerade as idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) because of the responsiveness of the plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) to upright posture (UP)."	1.29	Characteristics of aldosterone-producing adenoma responsive to upright posture. ( Aiba, M; Demura, H; Kikuchi, C; Kono, A; Nomura, K; Ogasawara, M; Toraya, S, 1995)
"Primary aldosteronism (PA) is caused by an adrenal aldosterone-producing tumor (A-APT) or adrenal hyperplasia."	1.29	Prevalence of adrenal and extra-adrenal Conn syndrome in hypertensive patients. ( Abdelhamid, S; Bönhof, JA; Müller-Lobeck, H; Pahl, S; Remberger, K; Röckel, A; Walb, D, 1996)
"In control subjects and patients with Conn's syndrome, the DOC:B ratio was not affected by ACTH."	1.29	Altered 11 beta-hydroxylase activity in glucocorticoid-suppressible hyperaldosteronism. ( Connell, JM; Davies, E; Fraser, R; Inglis, GC; Ingram, MC; Jamieson, A, 1996)
"Aldosterone was secreted from the adrenal cortex in all patients and was increased by ACTH in 75% of the tissue specimens."	1.28	Basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol and aldosterone release from adrenocortical adenomas in vitro. ( Grimelius, L; Gröndal, S; Hamberger, B; Thorén, M, 1991)
"Twenty patients with primary hyperaldosteronism had endocrinologic and radiologic studies to distinguish aldosterone-producing adenoma from idiopathic hyperaldosteronism due to bilateral micro- or macronodular hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex."	1.28	Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism: importance of correlating CT findings with endocrinologic studies. ( Manoogian, C; Nadler, JL; Radin, DR, 1992)
"The aldosterone content was significantly higher in adrenocortical adenomas than in normal adrenal glands, while F content in adenomas was similar to the level in normal adrenal glands."	1.28	Expression of cytochrome P-450 mRNAs in steroidogenesis of adrenocortical adenomas from patients with primary aldosteronism. ( Haji, M; Nawata, H; Ogo, A; Ohashi, M, 1991)
"A peculiar form of hyperaldosteronism is the glucocorticoid-remediable subtype."	1.28	New aspects of mineralocorticoid hypertension. ( Armanini, D; Biason, A; Boscaro, M; Carpenè, G; Fallo, F; Mantero, F; Opocher, G; Rocco, S; Scaroni, C; Sonino, N, 1990)
"We have reported a case of Conn's syndrome, with pain, tenderness, and swelling of the calf mimicking deep vein thrombophlebitis."	1.28	Conn's syndrome with rhabdomyolysis mimicking deep vein thrombophlebitis. ( Mahdyoon, H; Mermiges, DN; Wisgerhof, M, 1990)
"A male patient presenting with primary hyperaldosteronism after a three-year delay, was found to have an aldosterone producing adrenocortical carcinoma."	1.27	Carcinoma of the adrenal cortex causing primary hyperaldosteronism. A case report and review of the literature. ( Schaberg, A; Slee, PH; Van Brummelen, P, 1983)
"Although secondary hyperaldosteronism due to renal vein thrombosis may occur as a result of renal cell carcinoma or adrenal cortical carcinoma, primary hyperaldosteronism is rarely associated with the latter."	1.27	Adrenal cortical carcinoma: an unusual cause of hyperaldosteronism. ( Telner, AH, 1983)
"A definite diagnosis of primary aldosteronism cannot be made during toxemia of pregnancy, and it is necessary to do serial determinations of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration after delivery to confirm the diagnosis."	1.27	Elevation of plasma renin activity during pregnancy and rupture of a dissecting aortic aneurysm in a patient with primary aldosteronism. ( Akahoshi, M; Aoi, W; Doi, Y; Hashiba, K; Kuramochi, M; Shimizu, A; Suzuki, S; Utsunomiya, T, 1983)
"A 7-year-old girl had hyperaldosteronism due to an adrenal cortical adenoma, a rare, surgically remediable cause of hypertension."	1.27	Hypertension caused by an aldosterone-secreting adenoma. Occurrence in a 7-year-old child. ( Bryer-Ash, M; Luetscher, JA; Rosenfeld, RG; Shochat, SJ; Tune, BM; Wilson, DM, 1984)
"Four patients with idiopathic aldosteronism all had an increase in plasma aldosterone levels after 5HTP administration, whereas the response in four patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma was variable."	1.27	Central serotonergic stimulation of aldosterone secretion. ( Grekin, RJ; Gross, MD; Shenker, Y, 1985)
"Cushing's syndrome is the consequence of a sustained overproduction of cortisol (hydrocortisone) by the adrenal cortex."	1.27	Diagnosis and pathophysiology of Cushing's syndrome. ( Gabrilove, JL; Krakoff, LR, 1986)
"Out of 100 cases of tumoral primary aldosteronism studied from 1977 to 1987, we observed 4 ACC and 96 Conn's adenomas (CONN)."	1.27	[Malignant adrenal cortex carcinoma revealed by an isolated picture of primary hyperaldosteronism]. ( Chatellier, G; Corvol, P; Farge, D; Pagny, JY; Plouin, PF, 1988)
"A 50-year old female with primary aldosteronism and masked hyperaldosteronemia is reported."	1.27	A case report of aldosterone producing adenoma with masked hyperaldosteronemia. ( Arimori, S; Hiramatsu, K; Takahashi, K, 1986)
"Hypertension is a common finding in patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS), but the cause is unknown."	1.27	Elevated urinary 19-Nor-deoxycorticosterone glucuronide in Cushing's syndrome. ( Ehlers, ME; Griffing, GT; Melby, JC; Wilson, TE, 1987)
"A patient with primary aldosteronism had bilateral adrenal tumours on computed tomography."	1.27	False localization of an aldosteronoma by dexamethasone-suppressed adrenal scintigraphy. ( Davidson, JK; Fraser, R; Herd, GW; Hilditch, TE; Parker, D; Semple, PF, 1987)
"Primary aldosteronism, when caused by an aldosterone-producing adenoma, is a surgically treatable condition."	1.26	An aldosterone-producing adrenal cortical adenoma. ( Hugo, JM; Shipton, EA, 1982)
"Adrenocortical adenomas causing hyperaldosteronism in two women heterozygous at the X chromosome-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) locus exhibited only one G-6-PD isoenzyme."	1.26	Probable clonal origin of aldosteronomas versus multicellular origin of parathyroid "adenomas". ( Block, MA; Cerny, JC; Fialkow, PJ; Jackson, CE, 1982)
"Aldosterone excretion was high, normal, or low in each of the three types of Cushing's syndrome."	1.26	Deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone excretion in Cushing's syndrome. ( Cassar, J; Joplin, GF; Kelly, WF; Loizou, S; Mashiter, K, 1980)
"In all of the 10 patients with primary aldosteronism, ACTH stimulated aldosterone secretion from the adenomas more significantly than did angiotensin II and III."	1.26	[Studies on the mechanism of secretion of adrenal steroid hormones from adenomas of primary aldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome (author's transl)]. ( Eguchi, T; Kondo, K; Matsuki, S; Murai, M; Nakamura, R; Oka, M; Okuno, T; Saito, I; Saruta, T; Yasui, T, 1980)
"These data show that patients with hyperaldosteronism from an adrenal adenoma or hyperplasia have a consistent and exaggerated response to ACTH."	1.26	Plasma aldosterone response to ACTH in primary aldosteronism and in patients with low renin hypertension. ( Gomez-Sanchez, C; Higgins, JR; Holland, OB; Kem, DC; Kramer, NJ; Weinberger, MH, 1978)
"The aldosterone production was normal and was produced solely by the adenoma."	1.26	Concurrent hypercortisolism and hypermineralocorticoidism. ( Biglieri, EG; Hogan, MJ; Schambelan, M, 1977)
"Twenty patients suffering from primary hyperaldosteronism were studied."	1.26	[The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive patients. II. Diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism]. ( Benguigui, L; Corvol, P; Houde, M; Menard, J; Milliez, P; Tonnelier, M, 1977)
"The probe continues."	1.26	A perspective on aldosterone abnormalities. ( Biglieri, EG, 1976)
"Hypokalemic hypertension is the leading symptome of the disease."	1.26	[Primary aldosteronism]. ( Beckerhoff, R; Braun, KP; Furrer, J; Nussberger, J; Pouliadis, G; Siegenthaler, W; Sobbe, A; Vetter, H; Vetter, W; Witassek, F, 1976)
"Two patient with primary aldosteronism, one with a solitary adrenal adenoma and the other with bilateral nodular hyperplasia, are described."	1.25	Primary aldosteronism. A study in contrasts. ( Espiner, EA; Hughes, H; Nicholls, MG; Ross, J; Stewart, DT, 1975)

Research

Studies (601)

Authors

Clinical Trials (14)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

A1C Level

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	144 (23.96)	18.7374
1990's	105 (17.47)	18.2507
2000's	106 (17.64)	29.6817
2010's	191 (31.78)	24.3611
2020's	55 (9.15)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Zavatta, G	1
Di Dalmazi, G	2
Altieri, P	1
Pelusi, C	1
Golfieri, R	1
Mosconi, C	1
Balacchi, C	1
Borghi, C	1
Cosentino, ER	1
Di Cintio, I	1
Malandra, J	1
Pagotto, U	3
Vicennati, V	2
Wang, H	1
Wang, F	2
Zhang, Y	5
Wen, J	1
Dong, D	1
Chang, X	1
Sun, H	1
Ma, X	3
Cui, Y	1
Chen, S	1
Lu, L	1
Ren, W	1
Tong, A	1
Li, Y	1
De Sousa, K	3
Abdellatif, AB	4
Giscos-Douriez, I	4
Meatchi, T	8
Amar, L	13
Fernandes-Rosa, FL	11
Boulkroun, S	19
Zennaro, MC	22
Gao, X	3
Li, F	1
Liu, B	1
Wang, Y	6
Zhou, H	1
Motomura, N	2
Yamazaki, Y	13
Tezuka, Y	8
Omata, K	11
Ono, Y	9
Morimoto, R	13
Satoh, F	21
Nakamura, Y	15
Shim, J	1
Choi, MH	2
Ito, A	3
Sasano, H	33
Lee, BC	2
Kang, VJ	1
Pan, CT	1
Huang, JZ	1
Lin, YL	1
Chang, YY	2
Tsai, CH	2
Chou, CH	2
Chen, ZW	1
Liao, CW	1
Chiu, YW	1
Wu, VC	9
Hung, CS	2
Chang, CC	3
Lin, YH	7
Shu, Q	1
Deng, M	1
Chen, Y	1
Liu, N	1
Cai, L	1
Harashima, S	1
Suzuki, H	7
Kwon, GE	1
Sigala, S	1
Bothou, C	1
Penton, D	2
Abate, A	1
Peitzsch, M	5
Cosentini, D	1
Tiberio, GAM	1
Bornstein, SR	4
Berruti, A	1
Hantel, C	1
Nanba, K	11
Baker, JE	1
Blinder, AR	4
Bick, NR	1
Liu, CJ	1
Lim, JS	2
Wachtel, H	2
Cohen, DL	3
Williams, TA	18
Reincke, M	30
Lyden, ML	1
Bancos, I	1
Young, WF	2
Else, T	7
Giordano, TJ	6
Udager, AM	3
Rainey, WE	26
Iwahashi, N	1
Umakoshi, H	1
Seki, T	5
Gomez-Sanchez, CE	27
Mukai, K	8
Suematsu, M	3
Umezawa, Y	1
Oya, M	2
Kosaka, T	2
Seki, M	1
Suzuki, Y	1
Horiuchi, Y	1
Ogawa, Y	4
Nishimoto, K	8
Pitsava, G	1
Faucz, FR	2
Stratakis, CA	4
Hannah-Shmouni, F	2
van Rooyen, D	1
Baliga, R	1
Le Floch, E	1
Cosentino, T	1
Larsen, CK	1
Beuschlein, F	23
Rossi, GP	25
Baron, S	2
Chantalat, S	1
Saintpierre, B	1
Lenzini, L	7
Frouin, A	1
Ferey, M	1
Empana, JP	1
Jouven, X	1
Gieger, C	1
Waldenberger, M	1
Peters, A	1
Cusi, D	1
Salvi, E	1
Meneton, P	1
Touvier, M	1
Deschasaux, M	1
Druesne-Pecollo, N	1
Deleuze, JF	1
Jeunemaitre, X	5
Porubayeva, EE	1
Pachuashvili, NV	1
Urusova, LS	1
Parisien-La Salle, S	1
Corbeil, G	2
El-Haffaf, Z	1
Duranceau, C	1
Latour, M	2
Karakiewicz, PI	1
Lacroix, A	4
Bourdeau, I	4
Ali, Y	1
Gomez-Sanchez, EP	9
Gong, S	5
Tetti, M	5
Kemter, E	3
Mulatero, P	16
Bidlingmaier, M	7
Eisenhofer, G	5
Wolf, E	3
Zhang, X	4
Lyu, Q	1
Ma, J	1
Pan, X	1
Wei, Q	1
Li, J	3
Zhu, Y	2
Shen, S	1
Ou, Y	1
Tong, N	1
Ma, L	2
Yang, S	3
Yang, Y	2
Chen, X	1
Yang, J	2
He, Y	2
Cheng, Q	2
Kang, B	1
Tang, S	1
Zhang, A	1
Shu, X	1
Li, X	2
Shen, H	1
Jing, Y	1
Song, Y	2
Li, Q	3
Hu, J	3
Zhao, L	1
Wan, J	1
Yang, W	1
Liang, Q	1
Wang, J	1
Jin, P	1
Sun, N	3
Meyer, LS	3
Koupourtidou, C	1
Krebs, S	1
Masserdotti, G	1
Blum, H	1
Walch, A	2
Wu, X	2
Azizan, EAB	2
Goodchild, E	2
Garg, S	3
Hagiyama, M	1
Cabrera, CP	2
Kuan, JL	2
Tiang, Z	2
David, A	1
Murakami, M	4
Mein, CA	2
Wozniak, E	2
Zhao, W	2
Marker, A	2
Buss, F	1
Saleeb, RS	1
Salsbury, J	1
Oki, K	9
King, PJ	1
Drake, WM	2
Gurnell, M	5
Ceral, J	1
Ryska, A	1
Mustangin, M	1
Wong, YP	1
Tan, GC	1
Solar, M	1
Foo, RS	1
Takaoka, Y	1
Murray, SA	1
Brown, MJ	6
Caroccia, B	10
Seccia, TM	14
Pallafacchina, G	2
Piazza, M	3
Caputo, I	1
Zamberlan, S	1
Rizzuto, R	2
Oshiro, H	1
Shimizu, Y	1
Nakayasu, R	1
Utsunomiya, N	1
Son, C	1
Tsuji, K	1
Asai, S	1
Katsushima, H	1
Ishihara, M	2
Hashimoto, K	5
Kanamaru, S	1
Rege, J	1
Bandulik, S	2
Kosmann, C	1
Plain, A	1
Vats, P	1
Kumar-Sinha, C	1
Lerario, AM	3
Turcu, AF	4
Warth, R	6
Bhatt, PS	1
Sam, AH	1
Meeran, KM	1
Salem, V	1
Rhayem, Y	5
Kunzke, T	2
Feuchtinger, A	2
Ludwig, P	1
Strom, TM	4
Gomez-Sanchez, C	5
Knösel, T	2
Kirchner, T	1
Walch, AK	1
Leung, HT	1
Woo, YC	1
Fong, CHY	1
Tan, KCB	1
Lau, EYF	1
Chan, KW	1
Leung, JYY	1
Komada, H	1
Hirota, Y	1
So, A	1
Nakamura, T	1
Okuno, Y	1
Fukuoka, H	1
Iguchi, G	1
Takahashi, Y	1
Sakaguchi, K	1
Ogawa, W	1
Ichijo, T	1
Ueshiba, H	1
Nawata, H	7
Yanase, T	3
Scholl, U	1
Tomlins, SA	5
Carling, T	4
Monticone, S	8
Ito, S	10
Wack, M	1
Rocha, A	1
Travers, S	1
Tömböl, Z	1
Turai, PI	1
Decmann, Á	1
Igaz, P	1
Gruber, S	1
Kamilaris, CDC	1
Guo, Z	1
Udager, A	1
McWhinney, BC	1
Ungerer, JPJ	1
Wolley, M	2
Thuzar, M	1
Gordon, RD	9
Stowasser, M	5
Wannachalee, T	1
Caoili, E	1
Nanba, A	1
Shields, JJ	1
Kishimoto, S	2
Maruhashi, T	2
Kajikawa, M	1
Hashimoto, H	1
Takaeko, Y	1
Harada, T	1
Yamaji, T	2
Han, Y	1
Kihara, Y	2
Chayama, K	1
Goto, C	1
Yusoff, FM	1
Nakashima, A	1
Higashi, Y	2
Morandi, L	1
Rubin, B	1
Pilon, C	6
Asioli, S	2
De Leo, A	1
Ambrosi, F	1
Santini, D	1
Maffeis, V	1
Fassina, A	6
Fallo, F	12
Hussain, ZS	1
Rao, SS	1
Hussain, WZ	1
Puzhakkal, S	1
Łebek-Szatańska, A	1
Nowak, KM	1
Papierska, L	1
St-Jean, M	1
Martin, M	1
Tsai, WH	1
Wong, CH	1
Dai, SH	1
Zeng, YH	1
Zhang, C	3
Wu, L	1
Jiang, L	3
Su, T	3
Zhou, W	3
Zhong, X	1
Xie, J	2
Sun, F	1
Jiang, Y	3
Wang, W	5
Pauzi, FA	1
Azizan, EA	3
Chen, KM	1
Chang, YL	1
Wu, TH	1
Chen, PT	1
Liu, KL	3
Hong, JS	1
Zhou, J	2
Argentesi, G	1
Cottrell, E	1
O'Toole, S	1
Senanayake, R	1
Åkerström, T	5
Backman, S	2
Jordan, S	1
Polubothu, S	1
Berney, DM	1
Gluck, A	1
Lines, KE	1
Thakker, RV	1
Tuthill, A	1
Joyce, C	1
Kaski, JP	1
Karet Frankl, FE	1
Metherell, LA	1
Teo, AED	1
Parvanta, L	1
Klinzing, D	1
Gomez Sanchez, CE	1
Hellman, P	8
Foo, RSY	1
Kinsler, VA	1
Björklund, P	7
Storr, HL	1
Teo, AE	1
Johnson, TI	1
Carroll, R	1
Gould, A	1
Feltham, J	1
Harper, S	1
Vanderriele, PE	2
Rossitto, G	3
Battistel, M	2
Barbiero, G	2
Bisogni, V	1
Maiolino, G	2
Diego, M	1
Zheng, FF	2
Zhu, LM	2
Zhou, WL	2
Li, MY	1
Zhu, YC	2
Wang, JG	2
Zhu, DL	2
Gao, PJ	2
Kitamoto, T	3
Omura, M	9
Suematsu, S	3
Saito, J	5
Nishikawa, T	12
Scholl, UI	5
Inoue, K	3
Tsurutani, Y	2
Sugisawa, C	2
Kobuke, K	2
Ohno, H	2
Itcho, K	2
Yoshii, Y	2
Yoneda, M	2
Hattori, N	2
Lei, J	1
Zhang, S	1
Wang, P	1
Liao, Y	1
Bian, J	1
Yin, X	1
Wu, Y	1
Bai, L	1
Yang, X	1
Liu, H	1
Wang, B	3
Tang, L	1
Chen, L	1
Gu, L	1
Zhang, F	1
Ouyang, J	3
Velema, MS	1
de Nooijer, AH	1
Burgers, VWG	1
Hermus, ARMM	1
Timmers, HJLM	1
Lenders, JWM	2
Husson, O	1
Deinum, J	6
Kuppusamy, M	4
Funder, JW	5
Prejbisz, A	2
van der Wilt, GJ	1
Heinze, B	1
Fuss, CT	1
Mustafa, M	1
Schirbel, A	2
Deutschbein, T	1
Quinkler, M	4
Rayes, N	1
Wild, V	1
Reis, AC	2
Petersenn, S	1
Wester, HJ	1
Kropf, S	1
Fassnacht, M	4
Lang, K	3
Herrmann, K	1
Buck, AK	2
Bluemel, C	1
Hahner, S	2
Kiseljak-Vassiliades, K	1
Bagby, SM	1
Kar, A	1
Pozdeyev, N	1
Xu, M	1
Gowan, K	1
Sharma, V	1
Raeburn, CD	1
Albuja-Cruz, M	1
Jones, KL	1
Fishbein, L	1
Schweppe, RE	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
The Prevalence and Characteristics of Adrenal Incidentaloma: A Prospective Study[NCT04682938]		25,356 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-11-20	Completed
Macrolides for KCNJ5 - Mutated Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma (MAPA): A Study Of Personalized Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism With Implications For Treatment[NCT03414918]		342 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-03-31	Not yet recruiting
Clinical Study of Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4)-Mediated Precision Targeting of 18F for the Diagnosis of Aldosteronism in Primary Aldosteronism[NCT05815069]		20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-07	Recruiting
68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for the Subtyping Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism: A Prospective Diagnostic Accuracy Study[NCT05131061]		100 participants (Actual)	Observational	2021-11-11	Completed
Effects of Mineralocorticoid and AT-1 Receptor Antagonism on the Aldosterone-Renin Ratio (ARR) In Primary Aldosteronism Patients (EMIRA Study): Rationale and Design[NCT04185857]		50 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-01-01	Completed
Postoperative Cardiovascular Index Change of Primary Aldosteronism[NCT00746070]		300 participants (Actual)	Observational	2007-01-31	Enrolling by invitation
Resident Doctor, Master Degree Candidate[NCT05991856]		45 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-01-01	Recruiting
A Phase 1 Clinical Trial Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of up to Two Administrations of the Adrenal PET Tracer [18F]CETO in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Primary Aldosteronism[NCT04529018]		11 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-03	Recruiting
Glucocorticoid Receptor Blockade With Mifepristone in Patients With Mild Adrenal Hypercortisolism[NCT01990560]	Phase 4	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Completed
Usefulness of the Ipsilateral and Contralateral Index for the Interpretation of Adrenal Vein Sampling (AVS) in the Subtype Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism[NCT04378387]		60 participants (Actual)	Observational	2005-01-01	Completed
Prospective Cross-sectional Study on Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism in Resistant Hypertension and Association With Cardiometabolic Complications[NCT04213963]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2011-09-01	Recruiting
The Intra-Procedural Cortisol Assay During Adrenal Vein Sampling: Rationale andDesign of A Randomized Study (I-PADUA)[NCT03449797]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-04-01	Not yet recruiting
[NCT00451672]	Phase 4	25 participants	Interventional	2007-01-31	Recruiting
Multicenter Study on Use and Interpretation of Adrenal Vein Sampling[NCT01234220]		2,604 participants (Actual)	Observational	2010-05-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Change in hyperglycemia assessed by HbA1c, also known as glycated hemoglobin (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Intervention	percentage of red blood cells (Mean)
	Baseline	3 months	6 months
Mifepristone	6.2	6.1375	6.125

Change in metabolic syndrome as assessed by BMI (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

CushingQoL

Intervention	kg/m2 (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Mifepristone	35.1538	34.5463

Change in Quality of Life - as assessed by the Cushing's Quality of Life questionnaire (CushingQoL). Patient completed questionnaire, 12 items, each scored on a 5 point score, resulting in a score of 12 (worst) to 60 (best) where higher scores indicate more favorable QOL. (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Fasting Lipid Profile

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Mifepristone	37.2857	38.7857

Change in metabolic syndrome as assessed by fasting lipid profile which includes Low-density lipoproteins ( LDL), High-density lipoproteins (HDL), and Triglycerides (Trigs) levels, and total cholesterol which is the sum of HDL plus LDL and 20% of trigs. (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

HOMA-IR

Intervention	mg/dL (Mean)
	Total Cholesterol Baseline	Total Cholesterol 6 months	LDL baseline	LDL 6 months	HDL Baseline	HDL 6 months	Trigs Baseline	Trigs 6 months
Mifepristone	178.63	171.43	97.88	104.37	59.13	46.86	107.88	100.29

Change in hyperglycemia assessed by Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, HOMA-IR (a validated assessment of insulin resistance). HOMA-IR = fasting insulin (microU/L) x fasting glucose (nmol/L)/22.5. (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)

Intervention	HOMA-IR score (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Mifepristone	2.418	1.465

Change in Quality of Life as assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Questionnaire with 7 items for anxiety and 7 items for depression, each item is scored on a 4 point response 0 - 3, with full range from 0 to 42, with higher score indicating more severe anxiety or depression (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Nottingham Health Profile (NHP)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Mifepristone	16.2857	11.1667

Change in Quality of Life as assessed by the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) which is a patient reported questionnaire to measure a patient's view of their own health status. There are 6 sections (Energy level, Pain, Emotional Reaction, Sleep, Social Isolation, and Physical Abilities. All questions have only yes/no answer options and each section score is weighted so that the possible score range for any section is 0-100. The higher the score, the greater the number and severity of problems. (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Quality of Life

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Energy Level (EL) Baseline	EL 6 months	Pain (P) Baseline	P 6 months	Emotional Reaction (ER) Baseline	ER 6 months	Sleep (S) Baseline	S 6 months	Social Isolation (SI) Baseline	SI 6 months	Physical Abilities (PA) Baseline	PA 6 months
Mifepristone	32.60	45.40	24.88	32.08	27.03	35.09	24.87	31.15	20.09	31.15	23.06	27.49

Change in Quality of Life as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory. a 21-question multiple choice, self-report inventory that is used for measuring the severity of anxiety. Scoring is from a 0 (not at all) to 3 (severe) with a total score range of 0-63. Higher total scores indicate more severe anxiety symptoms. (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Mifepristone	16.1429	11.7143

Change in Quality of Life - as assessed by the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory both state and trait anxiety separately. Each type of anxiety has its own scale of 20 different questions that are scored and averaged. Total scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores correlating with greater anxiety. (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Waist Circumference

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Mifepristone	25.4286	28.8571

Change in metabolic syndrome as assessed by waist circumference (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Weight

Intervention	cm (Mean)
	Baseline	6 months
Mifepristone	103.25	99.3125

Change in metabolic syndrome as assessed by weight (NCT01990560)
Timeframe: Baseline and 6 months

Article	Year
Cellular Senescence in Adrenocortical Biology and Its Disorders. Cells, 2021, 12-09, Volume: 10, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Aging; Aldosterone; Androgens; Cellular Senescence; Humans	2021
Update on the Genetics of Primary Aldosteronism and Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas. Current cardiology reports, 2022, Volume: 24, Issue:9 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; G P	2022
Identification of risk loci for primary aldosteronism in genome-wide association studies. Nature communications, 2022, 09-03, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Animals; DNA-Binding P	2022
Vascular and hormonal interactions in the adrenal gland. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022, Volume: 13 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldoster	2022
Vascular and hormonal interactions in the adrenal gland. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022, Volume: 13 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldoster	2022
Vascular and hormonal interactions in the adrenal gland. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022, Volume: 13 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldoster	2022
Vascular and hormonal interactions in the adrenal gland. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022, Volume: 13 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldoster	2022
[Primary aldosteronism : Genetics and pathology]. Der Pathologe, 2019, Volume: 40, Issue:Suppl 3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Mutation;	2019
Old and new genes in primary aldosteronism. Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism, 2020, Volume: 34, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic	2020
MicroRNAs and Adrenocortical Tumors: Where do we Stand on Primary Aldosteronism? Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2020, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Hypertens	2020
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Autoantibodies in Primary Aldosteronism. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2020, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blocke	2020
The Potential Role of Aldosterone-Producing Cell Clusters in Adrenal Disease. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2020, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Cytoc	2020
Hypokalemia and the Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2020, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Disease Progression; Humans; Hyperald	2020
Immunohistochemistry of the Human Adrenal CYP11B2 in Normal Individuals and in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2020, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Cytoc	2020
Adrenocortical tumorigenesis: Lessons from genetics. Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism, 2020, Volume: 34, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Carcinogenesis; DNA Mutational Analysis; Gene	2020
The landscape of molecular mechanism for aldosterone production in aldosterone-producing adenoma. Endocrine journal, 2020, Oct-28, Volume: 67, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Calcium Sig	2020
Functional Characteristic and Significance of Aldosterone-Producing Cell Clusters in Primary Aldosteronism and Age-Related Hypertension. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021, Volume: 12 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Age Factors; Aging; Aldosterone; H	2021
Review of Markers of Zona Glomerulosa and Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma Cells. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2017, Volume: 70, Issue:5 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Animals; Biomarkers; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Sig	2017
Unanswered Questions in the Genetic Basis of Primary Aldosteronism. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2017, Volume: 49, Issue:12 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; DNA Copy Num	2017
Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in Primary Aldosteronism: A Systematic Review. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2017, Volume: 49, Issue:12 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Health Status; Humans; Hyperaldoster	2017
Aldosterone-Producing Cell Clusters in Normal and Pathological States. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2017, Volume: 49, Issue:12 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldoste	2017
Disordered CYP11B2 Expression in Primary Aldosteronism. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2017, Volume: 49, Issue:12 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Aldosterone; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B2; Gene Expre	2017
Overview of aldosterone-related genetic syndromes and recent advances. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2018, Volume: 25, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Age Factors; Aging; Aldosterone; C	2018
The Biology of Normal Zona Glomerulosa and Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma: Pathological Implications. Endocrine reviews, 2018, 12-01, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aging; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Zo	2018
Immunohistochemistry for aldosterone synthase CYP11B2 and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging mass spectrometry for in-situ aldosterone detection. Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension, 2019, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Cytochrome P-450 CYP11B	2019
Primary Aldosteronism. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2019, Volume: 74, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; beta Catenin; Calcium Channels, L-Typ	2019
Genetics of mineralocorticoid excess: an update for clinicians. European journal of endocrinology, 2013, Volume: 169, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; G Pr	2013
Regulation of aldosterone biosynthesis by the Kir3.4 (KCNJ5) potassium channel. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 2013, Volume: 40, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Cell Membrane; G Prot	2013
Endocrine and hypertensive disorders of potassium regulation: primary aldosteronism. Seminars in nephrology, 2013, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Eplerenone; Humans; Hy	2013
Primary aldosteronism - recent progress and current concepts. Endokrynologia Polska, 2013, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldoster	2013
Aldosterone-secreting adrenal cortical carcinoma. A case report and review of the literature. Endocrine pathology, 2014, Volume: 25, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Carcinoma; Aged; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hyperaldoster	2014
Novel genes in primary aldosteronism. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2014, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Female; G P	2014
[Primary hyperaldosteronism: boundaries of diagnostics and therapy]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2014, Volume: 139, Issue:40 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Aldos	2014
An update on novel mechanisms of primary aldosteronism. The Journal of endocrinology, 2015, Volume: 224, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Animals; Calcium Channels, L-Type; G	2015
Mineralocorticoid and apparent mineralocorticoid syndromes of secondary hypertension. Advances in chronic kidney disease, 2015, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Drug	2015
[Genetic alterations in primary aldosteronism]. Medecine sciences : M/S, 2015, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Animals; Calcium Channels, L-Type; G	2015
Adrenal steroidogenesis and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 2015, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Andr	2015
Adrenal incidentalomas: a disease of modern technology offering opportunities for improved patient care. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 2015, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adrenocortical Carcinoma;	2015
Adrenocortical carcinoma: review of the pathologic features, production of adrenal steroids, and molecular pathogenesis. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 2015, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Carcinoma; Aldosterone; Androgens; Estrogens; Humans; Hydro	2015
A Meta-Analysis of Somatic KCNJ5 K(+) Channel Mutations In 1636 Patients With an Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:8 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adult; Aldosterone; Female; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying	2015
[Primary aldosteronism: new insights into familial forms]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 2015, Volume: 159 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; DNA Mutational Analysis; G Protein-Co	2015
Local Control of Aldosterone Production and Primary Aldosteronism. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, 2016, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Animals; Gene Express	2016
Genetic disorders in primary aldosteronism-familial and somatic. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2017, Volume: 165, Issue:Pt A Topics: Adenoma; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adult; Aldosterone; Chimera; Female; G	2017
Hyperaldosteronism: How to Discriminate Among Different Disease Forms? High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension, 2016, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Diagnos	2016
Genetics of primary hyperaldosteronism. Endocrine-related cancer, 2016, Volume: 23, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Animals; Genetic Pred	2016
Radiofrequency ablation treatment for aldosterone-producing adenomas. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity, 2017, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Catheter Ablation; Hum	2017
Medical treatment as an alternative to adrenalectomy in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas. Endocrine-related cancer, 2008, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldostero	2008
Progress in primary aldosteronism: present challenges and perspectives. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2010, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Diagnosis, Differential; Endocrinolog	2010
Adrenal vein sampling. Techniques in vascular and interventional radiology, 2010, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocort	2010
[Primay hyperaldosteronism--diagnostic and treatment]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2012, Volume: 137, Issue:48 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Adrenocortical Adenoma; A	2012
[Primary hyperaldosteronism]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 2003, Aug-16, Volume: 147, Issue:33 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Aldosterone; Antihypertensive Agent	2003
A case of normoreninemic aldosterone-producing adenoma associated with chronic renal failure: case report and literature review. Endocrine, 2003, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; Circadia	2003
Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism. Minerva medica, 2003, Volume: 94, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Biomarkers; Glucocorticoids; Humans;	2003
The clinically inapparent adrenal mass: update in diagnosis and management. Endocrine reviews, 2004, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Bioma	2004
From incidentaloma to adrenocortical carcinoma: the surgical management of adrenal tumors. Journal of surgical oncology, 2005, Mar-01, Volume: 89, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Carcinoma; Adrenoco	2005
[Adrenocortical adenoma]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2006, May-28, Volume: Suppl 1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Androgens; Biomarkers;	2006
[Normokalemic primary hyperaldosteronism]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2006, Volume: 131, Issue:46 Spec No Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Aldosterone; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hype	2006
Functional oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma. Endocrine pathology, 2007,Fall, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Carcinoma; Adult; Aldosterone; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male	2007
[Diagnostic tests for endocrine hypertension]. Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology, 1984, Volume: Spec No 58 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Function Tests; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; A	1984
[Aldosterone producing tumor]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 1993, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hyperaldostero	1993
[Aldosterone producing adenoma]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 1993, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism	1993
Aldosterone-secreting adrenal cortical adenoma in an 11-year-old child and collective review of the literature. European journal of pediatrics, 1994, Volume: 153, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Child; Female; Humans; Magnetic Reson	1994
Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma complicated by chronic renal failure. Case report and review of the literature. American journal of nephrology, 1998, Volume: 18, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Aldosterone; Female;	1998
Primary aldosteronism. The New England journal of medicine, 1998, Dec-17, Volume: 339, Issue:25 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hype	1998
A rare combination consisting of primary hyperaldosteronism and glucagonoma. The American journal of gastroenterology, 1999, Volume: 94, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Glucagonoma; H	1999
Primary aldosteronism. The Urologic clinics of North America, 1977, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism;	1977
Significance of renin and angiotensin in hypertension. Cardiovascular clinics, 1978, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Female; Humans; Hyper	1978
[Primary aldosteronism--aldosterone-induced sodium storing hypertension--symptoms and differential diagnosis]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1979, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Alkalosis; Animals; Diagnosis, Differential; Dogs; F	1979
Cellular origin of aldosteronomas. The Clinical investigator, 1992, Volume: 70, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism	1992
[The therapy of primary aldosteronism]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1992, Jun-12, Volume: 117, Issue:24 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Aldosterone; Carcinoma; Dexamethasone; Humans; Hy	1992
Aldosterone-producing tumors (Conn's syndrome). Seminars in surgical oncology, 1990, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adult; Aldosterone; Female; Humans; Hyperaldosteronism; Male; Mid	1990
Cytophysiology of the adrenal cortex. International review of cytology, 1986, Volume: 98 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Diseases; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms;	1986
[Clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperaldosteronism]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 1974, Volume: 52, Issue:3 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adult; Aldosterone; Cushing Syndrome; Diagnosis, Differential; Fe	1974

Article	Year
Adrenal Vein Sampling Is the Preferred Method to Select Patients With Primary Aldosteronism for Adrenalectomy: Con Side of the Argument. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2018, Volume: 71, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Blood	2018
Effect of Treatment on Body Fluid in Patients with Unilateral Aldosterone Producing Adenoma: Adrenalectomy versus Spironolactone. Scientific reports, 2015, Oct-19, Volume: 5 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aldosteron	2015
Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of (11)C-metomidate positron emission tomography (PET)-CT for lateralizing aldosterone secretion by Conn's adenomas. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012, Volume: 97, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Adult; Aldosterone; Carbon Radioisotopes; Etomidat	2012
Somatic mutations in the KCNJ5 gene raise the lateralization index: implications for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism by adrenal vein sampling. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2012, Volume: 97, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Glands; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Aldosterone; Female; Functional La	2012
Characterization of serotonin(4) receptors in adrenocortical aldosterone-producing adenomas: in vivo and in vitro studies. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2002, Volume: 87, Issue:3 Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adult; Aldosterone; Cisapride; Female; Humans; In Vitro Technique	2002

aldosterone and Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms