alcian-blue and Stomach-Ulcer

To study the prevalence of peptic ulcer and the histological appearance of the gastric mucosa in healthy, asymptomatic Indians infected with Helicobacter pylori.. Asymptomatic, healthy individuals without any GI symptoms were invited to undergo endoscopy of the upper GI tract. A careful search was made for any erosion or ulcer. Four biopsy specimens were obtained from the gastric corpus and antrum. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological details and with Loffler's methylene blue for the presence of H. pylori. Alcian blue periodic acid-Schiff stain (pH 2.5) was used to classify and grade areas of intestinal metaplasia.. Histological examination showed chronic gastritis in 72 (80%) persons. Pangastritis was seen in 22% of subjects; pangastritis with antral predominance, in 28%; and antrum-only gastritis, in 50%. Activity was noted in biopsy specimens from only 33% of the subjects. H. pylori infection was present in 70 (78%) subjects. All of these subjects had evidence of chronic gastritis. Endoscopic examination revealed a normal appearance in 88 individuals. In two individuals a duodenal ulcer was seen. Both subjects had severe H. pylori infection in the antral mucosa. Of the 70 persons having H. pylori infection, only two (2.8%) had a duodenal ulcer.. This study showed that despite a high prevalence of H. pylori infection in asymptomatic, healthy Indians, the point prevalence of peptic ulcer is low, and chronic active gastritis is uncommon.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcian Blue; Biopsy; Chronic Disease; Coloring Agents; Duodenal Ulcer; Eosine Yellowish-(YS); Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Gastroscopy; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hematoxylin; Humans; India; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Metaplasia; Methylene Blue; Middle Aged; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Prevalence; Pyloric Antrum; Stomach Diseases; Stomach Ulcer

The effect of sucralfate on gastric emptying, gastric mucus production, and ulcer formation in cold-restraint rats was studied. The rats were treated with sucralfate in doses of 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. Sucralfate prevented ulcer formation dose dependently. This effect was maximum at doses of 500 mg/kg (P < 0.001). Administration of sucralfate lowered the increased gastric emptying rate and increased gastric mucus production. This effect was not dose dependent. It was found that the ulcer-preventive effect of sucralfate was due to a lowered gastric emptying rate and increased mucus production in addition to other mechanisms.

Topics: Alcian Blue; Animals; Cold Temperature; Gastric Emptying; Gastric Mucosa; Male; Mucus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach Ulcer; Stress, Physiological; Sucralfate

To elucidate the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer, we investigated the intracellular mucin content by measuring the periodic acid-Schiff-Alcian blue (PAS-AB)-stained substances, by means of computer, in the biopsy sample of gastric mucosa from patients with and without H. pylori infection. In the antral mucosa the intracellular PAS-AB-stained mucin content was significantly smaller in patients with infection than in patients without infection, whereas in the oxyntic gland mucosa the intracellular mucin content showed no significant change between patients with and without infection. In an animal study we investigated the effect of ammonia, which might be produced by H. pylori in the presence of urea. The ammonia, administered orally, caused a greater decrease of intracellular PAS-AB-stained mucin content in the gastric antral mucosa than in the body mucosa, in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggested that H. pylori infection had a different effect on the gastric mucosal intracellular PAS-AB-stained mucin and lowered specifically the antral intracellular PAS-AB-stained mucin content, possibly due to generation of ammonia by H. pylori.

Topics: Alcian Blue; Ammonia; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Gastric Fundus; Gastric Mucins; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Pyloric Antrum; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stomach Ulcer

In the present study Corne's technique that has been commonly used to quantify the gastric mucus in situ using the dye, Alcian blue, has been improved. Furthermore, the effects of antiulcerogenic agents on the decrease in gastric mucus gel during water-immersion stress were also studied. In order to increase the extraction of dye-recovery, we used 30% dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (docusate sodium, DSS) instead of 0.5 mol/l MgCl2 used in Corne's technique. The control values of the dye-recovery extracted with DSS were about 5 times higher than those with MgCl2. Indomethacin (20 mg/kg s.c.) failed to influence dye-recovery with DSS and MgCl2, while reserpine (5 mg/kg i.p.) significantly decreased the dye-recovery in both extractions. Water-immersion stress for 2 h decreased the dye-recovery with DSS but the dye-recovery with MgCl2 decreased only 15 min after water-immersion. These results suggest that extraction with DSS reflects the mucus gel secretion, and that dye-recovery with DSS is more sensitive to alteration of mucus gel than that with MgCl2. Bombesin (10 micrograms/kg), secretin (100 U/kg) and mild irritants increased the dye-recovery with DSS. Cimetidine remarkably reduced the mucus secretion and failed to improve the decrease in mucus during water-immersion stress. Pirenzepine and atropine dose-dependently prevented the decrease in the dye-recovery during water-immersion stress.

Topics: Alcian Blue; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Atropine; Bombesin; Gastric Mucosa; Immersion; Irritants; Male; Mucus; Pirenzepine; Rats; Secretin; Staining and Labeling; Stomach Ulcer; Stress, Psychological