alcian-blue and Postoperative-Complications

To investigate the development of osteoarthritis (OA) after transection of the medial collateral ligament and partial medial meniscectomy in mice in which genes encoding either interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE), stromelysin 1, or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were deleted.. Sectioning of the medial collateral ligament and partial medial meniscectomy were performed on right knee joints of wild-type and knockout mice. Left joints served as unoperated controls. Serial histologic sections were obtained from throughout the whole joint of both knees 4 days or 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks after surgery. Sections were graded for OA lesions on a scale of 0-6 and were assessed for breakdown of tibial cartilage matrix proteoglycan (aggrecan) and type II collagen by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aggrecanases with immunohistochemistry studies using anti-VDIPEN, anti-NITEGE, and Col2-3/4C(short) neoepitope antibodies. Proteoglycan depletion was assessed by Alcian blue staining and chondrocyte cell death, with the TUNEL technique.. All knockout mice showed accelerated development of OA lesions in the medial tibial cartilage after surgery, compared with wild-type mice. ICE-, iNOS-, and particularly IL-1beta-knockout mice developed OA lesions in the lateral cartilage of unoperated limbs. Development of focal histopathologic lesions was accompanied by increased levels of MMP-, aggrecanase-, and collagenase-generated cleavage neoepitopes in areas around lesions, while nonlesional areas showed no change in immunostaining. Extensive cell death was also detected by TUNEL staining in focal areas around lesions.. We postulate that deletion of each of these genes, which encode molecules capable of producing degenerative changes in cartilage, leads to changes in the homeostatic controls regulating the balance between anabolism and catabolism, favoring accelerated cartilage degeneration. These observations suggest that these genes may play important regulatory roles in maintaining normal homeostasis in articular cartilage matrix turnover.

Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAMTS4 Protein; ADAMTS5 Protein; Aggrecans; Alcian Blue; Animals; Antibodies; Caspase 1; Collagen Type II; Coloring Agents; DNA Fragmentation; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Gene Deletion; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Interleukin-1; Lectins, C-Type; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee; Menisci, Tibial; Metalloendopeptidases; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oligopeptides; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Peptide Fragments; Postoperative Complications; Procollagen N-Endopeptidase; Proteoglycans; Staining and Labeling

Histopathological and lectin-histochemical characteristics were studied in the lining epithelium of postoperative maxillary cysts (POMC).. Histological (HE, PAS, AB), immunohistochemical (CD3 and L26) and lectin (wheat germ agglutinin, WGA; Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, UEA-I; concanavalin A, ConA) stainings were performed in the 360 POMC specimens. The number of goblet cells and inflammatory cells was counted and statistically analyzed.. The lining epithelium was classified into three types based on histopathological characteristics; pseudostratified ciliated epithelium (pSCE), transitional epithelium (TE) and stratified squamous epithelium (SSE). Local infiltration of inflammatory cells into the cyst wall was associated with an increased number of goblet cells in the lining epithelium. The observed association between the infiltration of inflammatory cells and an increase in the number of goblet cells was statistically significant in groups with lining pSCE and TE. Glycoconjugate histochemical analysis revealed that the surfaces of the lining epithelium with squamous metaplasia showed an increased degree of staining reactivity with UEA-I, whereas the staining reactivity with ConA was reduced. Goblet cells were able to be stained with WGA and UEA-I, but showed extremely low reactivity with ConA.. Changes in the glycoconjugate expression of the metaplastic lining epithelium and goblet cell development play an important role in the local defense mechanisms against inflammatory factors in POMC.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcian Blue; Analysis of Variance; B-Lymphocytes; Cilia; Coloring Agents; Concanavalin A; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Goblet Cells; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Cysts; Linear Models; Male; Maxillary Diseases; Metaplasia; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Plant Lectins; Plasma Cells; Postoperative Complications; T-Lymphocytes; Wheat Germ Agglutinins