alcian-blue and Adenoma

This report describes an atypical mammary adenoma with a rare histological feature characterized by proliferating single-layered cystic ducts composed of basaloid cells with frequent myoepithelial differentiation. A 9-year-old, intact female Miniature Pinscher dog had mammary tumors on the thorax. Histologically, one of tumors comprised the proliferation of two types of tubular structures; the single-layered cystic ducts lined by flattened cells and double-layered tubules with luminal cells and outer spindle cells. The former ducts were predominant in the tumor and contained pale basophilic mucus, which was Alcian blue (pH 2.5)-positive, but periodic acid Schiff-negative. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the cells lining single-layered cystic ducts were negative for the luminal epithelial marker, cytokeratin (CK) CAM5.2, but were constantly positive for basal cell markers CK14 and p63 and frequently positive for SMA. Electron microscopy revealed fine, parallel myofilaments within these single-layered neoplastic cells. These histological and immunohistological examinations suggested that the origin of the tumor was bipotential mammary progenitor cells with predominant differentiation into the myoepithelial progenitor linage.

Topics: Adenoma; Alcian Blue; Animals; Biomarkers; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cystic Duct; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Epithelial Cells; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Microscopy, Electron; Myofibrils

The present study was designed to characterize and quantify morphologic changes occurring in rat intra-pulmonary airway epithelia after long-term exposure to a high ambient level of ozone. Fifteen rats were exposed to 0.25 ppm ozone for 20 months (5 hr/day, 7 days/week) and a control group of 15 rats were exposed to filtered room air. Many intra-cellular brown pigmented granules (presumed to be lipofuscin) were seen in both the control and exposed animals; however, more of these granules were observed in the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelia of the exposed animals. To detect DNA synthesis that occurred in airway epithelial cells during the repair process induced by ozone toxicity, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected intraperitoneally one hour before animals were sacrificed; the BrdU-labeling index was evaluated immunohistochemically. There was no difference in the BrdU-labeling index between the groups, the airway epithelia of the ozone-exposed animals exhibiting tolerance to ozone toxicity. However, the epithelial populations in the airways were altered by ozone exposure, and regional differences were seen in the changes. In the exposed animals, mucous cells increased in the lobar bronchus. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive pulmonary endocrine cells and neuroepithelial bodies were more frequently observed in the terminal bronchioles of the exposed animals than in the controls, although there were no differences in the lobar bronchus. Moreover, one adenoma in the peripheral lung was found in the exposed animals, while no tumorous lesions were detected in the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adenoma; Alcian Blue; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Cytoplasmic Granules; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Ozone; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Pigmentation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors

Orcein-alcian blue staining, a new method for the simultaneous demonstration of sulphated and sialomucins in gastrointestinal epithelium was compared with the standard high iron diamine-alcian blue technique. Sections were oxidised with potassium permanganate and decolourised in oxalic acid. They were stained with orcein for four hours, differentiated for a few seconds in acid alcohol, and then counterstained with alcian blue for half to one minute. There was a good correlation of results between the two methods. Orcein-alcian blue is a safer, cheaper, and quicker method than high iron diamine-alcian blue which can be safely introduced into routine laboratories for the study of acid mucins in the gastrointestinal diseases.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Alcian Blue; Epithelium; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Humans; Indoles; Intestinal Mucosa; Mucins; Oxazines; Staining and Labeling

In 41 salivary gland tumors, the characteristics of the intercellular components and vascular endothelial cells were surveyed by immunohistochemical staining for laminin and factor VIII-related antigen (VIII R:Ag), and by mucopolysaccharidase-digestion for glycosaminoglycan (GAG). In myxomatous areas of pleomorphic adenomas, small vessels (diameter 6.5 +/- 0.11 micron) were frequent and found to be negative or weakly positive by VIIIR:Ag staining although endothelial cells were clearly positive for VIIIR:Ag in capsule surrounding the tumor tissues. Alcian blue stainability was diminished by treatment with both Streptomyces hyaluronidase and chondroitinase. By laminin staining, a vascular pattern was clearly detected, but the majority of tumor cells were not stained. In adenomatous areas, the basement membrane-like linear laminin-staining reaction was observed to be weak and inconsistent around some tumor cell nests. However, in adenoid cystic carcinomas, laminin-positivity was much more intense than in other tumors such as pleomorphic adenoma, mucoepidermoid tumor and adenocarcinoma. In cylindromatous areas, the inner luminal surface in the pseudocysts was markedly positive for laminin, and there was weak positivity around tumor cell nests having a trabecular pattern. By immunoelectron microscopy, a juxtacellular network of replicated basal lamina of tumor cells which lined the inner surface of pseudocysts was positive for laminin. Alcian blue-positivity in the pseudocyst was abolished with heparitinase and chondroitinase, but not with hyaluronidase.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenolymphoma; Adenoma; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Alcian Blue; Antigens; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Factor VIII; Glucuronidase; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Laminin; Lyases; Microscopy, Electron; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Staining and Labeling; von Willebrand Factor

A case is described in which both a moderately elevated villous adenoma associated with adenocarcinoma at the posterior wall and an independent gastric carcinoma at the anterior wall were present. These two lesions were surrounded by the mucosa of incomplete intestinal metaplasia. Consecutive sections of the villous adenoma associated focally with carcinoma and the independent cancer were stained by the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), pH 2.5 alcian blue (A1-B1), high iron diamine pH 2.5 alcian blue (HID-AB) and carcinoembryonic antigen peroxidase-antiperoxidase (CEA-PAP) methods. Villous adenoma was weakly positive in the PAS stain but negative in A1-B1 and HID stains, showing that it did not produce mucin. On the other hand, the intestinal metaplasia and cancerous lesions were positive in PAS, A1-B1 and HID stains, indicating production of the intestinal type of mucin. The villous adenoma accompanied by malignant changes was positive by the CEA-PAP method. This result shows the biological property of villous adenoma that they can easily change into malignancy. These three lesions in our case are considered to have originated independently from the primordial cells and to have developed the differences in mucin production in the process of cell development.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Aged; Alcian Blue; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Metaplasia; Mucins; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Stomach Neoplasms