alanine and Myocardial Ischemia studies

Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.

Myocardial Ischemia: A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" The 2 populations studied were as follows: (1) a cross-sectional study of 703 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina, and (2) a prospective study of 924 Caucasian patients from the OPUS (Orbofiban in Patients with Unstable coronary Syndromes)-TIMI-16 trial of the oral GPIIb/IIIa antagonist orbofiban."	5.10	Genetic variability in the extracellular matrix as a determinant of cardiovascular risk: association of type III collagen COL3A1 polymorphisms with coronary artery disease. ( Fitzgerald, A; Fitzgerald, DJ; Muckian, C; O'Byrne, A; O'Neill, A; Shields, DC, 2002)
"The objective of this study was to examine the acceptor activities of tRNA for amino acids alanine and lysine and activities of corresponding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of normal rabbit liver 6, 12 and 24 h after experimental myocardial ischemia in different seasons of the year."	3.72	[Seasonal differences in activity of tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of rabbit liver in myocardial ischemia]. ( Rodovicius, H, 2003)
"Orbofiban is a unique antiplatelet agent that inhibits the binding of fibrinogen to gycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa integrin receptors and thus prevents platelet aggregation induced by various agents."	2.71	Role of oral blockade of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa on neutrophil activation in patients with acute coronary syndromes. ( Anders, RJ; Baracioli, LM; Cannon, CP; Nicolau, JC; Ramires, JA; Serrano, CV; Venturinelli, M, 2003)

Research

Studies (17)

Authors

Clinical Trials (2)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Atrial Fibrillation

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	8 (47.06)	18.2507
2000's	9 (52.94)	29.6817
2010's	0 (0.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Muckian, C	1
Fitzgerald, A	2
O'Neill, A	1
O'Byrne, A	1
Fitzgerald, DJ	2
Shields, DC	2
Rodovicius, H	1
Serrano, CV	1
Nicolau, JC	1
Venturinelli, M	1
Baracioli, LM	1
Anders, RJ	1
Cannon, CP	3
Ramires, JA	1
Kristiansen, SB	1
Nielsen-Kudsk, JE	1
Bøtker, HE	1
Nielsen, TT	2
Ray, KK	1
Morrow, DA	1
Kirtane, AJ	1
Buros, J	1
Rifai, N	1
McCabe, CH	1
Gibson, CM	1
Braunwald, E	2
Sumegi, B	1
Podanyi, B	1
Forgo, P	1
Kover, KE	1
Zhao, P	1
Storey, CJ	1
Babcock, EE	1
Malloy, CR	1
Sherry, AD	1
Yamamoto, M	1
Lee, JD	1
Shimizu, H	1
Kawasaki, N	1
Hara, A	1
Ishii, Y	1
Nakamura, T	1
Kimose, HH	1
Ravkilde, J	1
Helligsö, P	1
Knudsen, MA	1
Thomassen, AR	1
Djurhuus, JC	1
Norlund, L	2
Holm, J	2
Zöller, B	2
Ohlin, AK	2
Khogali, SE	1
Harper, AA	1
Lyall, JA	1
Rennie, MJ	1
Perseghin, G	1
Corno, A	1
Santoro, F	1
Biagioli, B	1
Paolini, G	1
Battezzati, A	1
Benedini, S	1
Donatelli, F	1
Pozza, G	1
Grossi, A	1
Luzi, L	1
Bradamante, S	1
Marchesani, A	1
Barenghi, L	1
Paracchini, L	1
de Jonge, R	1
de Jong, JW	1
Bar-Or, D	1
Curtis, G	1
Rao, N	1
Bampos, N	1
Lau, E	1
MacGowan, GA	1
Du, C	1
Cowan, DB	1
Stamm, C	1
McGowan, FX	1
Solaro, RJ	1
Koretsky, AP	1
Del Nido, PJ	1
O'Connor, FF	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Phase III Study of Intravenous Glutamate Infusion for Metabolic Protection of the Heart in Surgery for Unstable Coronary Artery Disease[NCT00489827]	Phase 3	865 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-10-31	Completed
Oral Glutamine Reduces Myocardial Damage After Coronary Revascularization Under Cardiopulmonary Bypass[NCT02491931]		28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-01-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Number of patients with atrial fibrillation recorded postoperatively (NCT00489827)
Timeframe: Hospital stay

ICU Stay

Number of Participants With Perioperative Myocardial Infarction, Postoperative Heart Failure or Postoperative Mortality

Number of Participants With Postoperative Stroke < 24 Hours

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intravenous Glutamate	147
Saline Infusion	152

Intervention	hours (Median)
Intravenous Glutamate	21
Saline Infusion	21

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intravenous Glutamate	31
Saline Infusion	25

Incidence of Postoperative stroke < 24 hours of surgery verifed by CT-scan (NCT00489827)
Timeframe: 24 hours

Postoperative Hemodynamic State in Patients With Severely Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF<0.40)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intravenous Glutamate	4
Saline Infusion	6

Hemodynamic instability despite inotropes or need for IABP at the end of surgery in patients with severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF<0.40) (NCT00489827)
Timeframe: End of surgery

Postoperative Renal Function

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intravenous Glutamate	1
Saline Infusion	5

maximum p-creatinine value recorded postoperatively < 30 days (NCT00489827)
Timeframe: 30 days

Severe Circulatory Failure in CCS Class IV Patients

Intervention	µmol/L (Mean)
Intravenous Glutamate	106
Saline Infusion	106

Severe circulatory failure according to prespecified criteria as judged by a blinded endpoints committee in CCS class IV patients (NCT00489827)
Timeframe: 30 days

Degree of Perioperative Myocardial Injury

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intravenous Glutamate	3
Saline Infusion	16

p-CK-MB postoperative day 1, p-troponin-T postoperative day 3 (NCT00489827)
Timeframe: perioperative

Postoperative Hemodynamic State

Intervention	µg/L (Median)
	CK-MB day 1	Troponin-T day 3
Intravenous Glutamate	14	0.27
Saline Infusion	14	0.24

Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) measured at weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass and on arrival to ICU (NCT00489827)
Timeframe: Until arrival to ICU

Intervention	percentage of saturated hemoglobin (Mean)
	SvO2 at weaning from CPB	SvO2 on arrival to ICU
Intravenous Glutamate	72.0	65.0
Saline Infusion	72.2	64.9

Article	Year
Genetic variability in the extracellular matrix as a determinant of cardiovascular risk: association of type III collagen COL3A1 polymorphisms with coronary artery disease. Blood, 2002, Aug-15, Volume: 100, Issue:4 Topics: Alanine; Alleles; Angina, Unstable; Collagen; Collagen Type III; Coronary Disease; Cross-Sectional S	2002
Role of oral blockade of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa on neutrophil activation in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Cardiovascular drugs and therapy, 2003, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Disease; Alanine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Neutrophil Activatio	2003
Synergistic relationship between hyperglycaemia and inflammation with respect to clinical outcomes in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: analyses from OPUS-TIMI 16 and TACTICS-TIMI 18. European heart journal, 2007, Volume: 28, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Alanine; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; C-Reactive Protein; Chemokine CCL2; Diabetic Angiopathies;	2007
Genetic variation in glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) as a determinant of the responses to an oral GPIIb/IIIa antagonist in patients with unstable coronary syndromes. Blood, 2001, Dec-01, Volume: 98, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Alanine; Angina, Unstable; Antigens, Human Platelet; Aspirin; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gen	2001

Article	Year
[Seasonal differences in activity of tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases of rabbit liver in myocardial ischemia]. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2003, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; Animals; Liver; Lysine; Lysine-tRNA Ligase; Male; Myocardial I	2003
Effects of KATP channel modulation on myocardial glycogen content, lactate, and amino acids in nonischemic and ischemic rat hearts. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2005, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Diazoxide; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Glyburide; Glycogen; Lac	2005
Metabolism of [3-13C]pyruvate and [3-13C]propionate in normal and ischaemic rat heart in vivo: 1H- and 13C-NMR studies. The Biochemical journal, 1995, Nov-15, Volume: 312 ( Pt 1) Topics: Acetyl Coenzyme A; Alanine; Animals; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; M	1995
1H NMR detection of lactate and alanine in perfused rat hearts during global and low pressure ischemia. Magnetic resonance in medicine, 1995, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Glycogen; Heart; Isoproterenol; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectros	1995
Evaluation of post-ischemic myocardial metabolism by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the rabbit heart. Japanese circulation journal, 1994, Volume: 58, Issue:9 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carnitine; Hydrogen; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Myoca	1994
Myocardial loss of glutamate after cold chemical cardioplegia and storage in isolated blood-perfused pig hearts. The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon, 1993, Volume: 41, Issue:2 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Blood Glucose; Citrates; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Heart Arrest, I	1993
A common thrombomodulin amino acid dimorphism is associated with myocardial infarction. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 1997, Volume: 77, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alanine; Alleles; Codon; Disease Susceptibility; DNA Mutational Analysis; Femal	1997
Effects of L-glutamine on post-ischaemic cardiac function: protection and rescue. Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology, 1998, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Alanine; Animals; Cardiac Output; Glutamates; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Lactat	1998
Myocardial metabolism studied during warm blood antero-retrograde reperfusion in ischaemic human hearts. Acta diabetologica, 1998, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Blood; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Hot Temperature;	1998
The Ala25-Thr mutation in the thrombomodulin gene is not frequent in Swedish patients suffering from ischemic heart disease. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 1999, Volume: 82, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine; Female; Gene Frequency; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardi	1999
Glycogen turnover and anaplerosis in preconditioned rat hearts. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2000, Nov-15, Volume: 1502, Issue:3 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Citric Acid Cycle; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Heart; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In	2000
Characterization of the Co(2+) and Ni(2+) binding amino-acid residues of the N-terminus of human albumin. An insight into the mechanism of a new assay for myocardial ischemia. European journal of biochemistry, 2001, Volume: 268, Issue:1 Topics: Alanine; Albumins; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, Liquid; Cobalt; Histidine; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Co	2001
Ischemic dysfunction in transgenic mice expressing troponin I lacking protein kinase C phosphorylation sites. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2001, Volume: 280, Issue:2 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Binding Sites; Calcium; Feedback; Female; Homeostasis; In Vitro Techniques; Mice;	2001

alanine and Myocardial Ischemia