Page last updated: 2024-11-08

alanine and Kidney Failure, Chronic

alanine has been researched along with Kidney Failure, Chronic in 40 studies

Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.

Kidney Failure, Chronic: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"In hepatocytes isolated from uremic and control rats, we investigated: (1) the influence of uremia on gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis during incubations with alanine; (2) the kinetics of alanine plasma-membrane transport; (3) the relationships between intracellular alanine concentrations and its metabolism."7.72Effect of chronic renal failure with metabolic acidosis on alanine metabolism in isolated liver cells. ( Cano, N; El-Mir, MY; Leverve, XM; Meijer, AJ; Novaretti, R; Reynier, JP; Sturm, JM, 2004)
"In hepatocytes isolated from uremic and control rats, we investigated: (1) the influence of uremia on gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis during incubations with alanine; (2) the kinetics of alanine plasma-membrane transport; (3) the relationships between intracellular alanine concentrations and its metabolism."3.72Effect of chronic renal failure with metabolic acidosis on alanine metabolism in isolated liver cells. ( Cano, N; El-Mir, MY; Leverve, XM; Meijer, AJ; Novaretti, R; Reynier, JP; Sturm, JM, 2004)
" Other factors, including congestive heart failure, growth hormone deficiency, and hypoalaninemia might have contributed to the development of hypoglycemia in this patient."3.66Sulfonamide-induced hypoglycemia in chronic renal failure. ( Arem, R; Field, JB; Garber, AJ, 1983)
"Mucormycosis is an uncommon but serious infection that complicates the course of severe COVID-19."2.72Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Associated Mucormycosis (CAM): Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature. ( Agarwal, R; Bhalla, A; Chakrabarti, A; Garg, D; Kaur, H; Muthu, V; Puri, GD; Ramachandran, R; Sehgal, IS, 2021)
"Beta-hydrogen enrichment was approximately 80-100% of alpha-hydrogen enrichment."2.71Quantifying rates of protein synthesis in humans by use of 2H2O: application to patients with end-stage renal disease. ( Alexander, JC; Brunengraber, H; Chandramouli, V; Fatica, R; Landau, BR; Previs, SF, 2004)
"Insulin resistance plays a part in diabetic nephropathy (DN)."2.48Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ polymorphism Pro12Ala Is associated with nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: evidence from meta-analysis of 18 studies. ( Chen, H; Chen, J; Hu, H; Mohan, V; Tang, Y; Venkatesan, R; Wang, J; Zhang, H; Zhu, S, 2012)
"The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a global pandemic since its emergence from Wuhan, China, in December of 2019."1.72Case Report: Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection Treated with Remdesivir in a Patient with ESRD. ( Blanco, R; Haider, N; Patel, RH; Pella, PM, 2022)
"Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was used by 78."1.56Early impact of COVID-19 on transplant center practices and policies in the United States. ( Avery, RK; Boyarsky, BJ; Durand, CM; Garonzik-Wang, JM; Getsin, SN; Jackson, KR; Kernodle, AB; Massie, AB; Po-Yu Chiang, T; Segev, DL; Van Pilsum Rasmussen, SE; Werbel, WA, 2020)
" After comparing the pharmacokinetic behavior of panipenem in patients with ESRD and that of a surrogate marker of efficacy, we recommend that these patients be treated with 500 mg/500 mg of panipenem/betamipron once daily, which gives a similar clinical result in a patient with normal renal function."1.33Pharmacokinetics of panipenem/betamipron in patients with end-stage renal disease. ( Hishida, A; Kanamaru, M; Nagashima, S; Ohashi, N; Tajima, N; Togawa, A; Uematsu, T, 2005)
"A total of 445 patients with type 2 diabetes who were enrolled in the Berlin Diabetes Mellitus Study and in whom we determined albuminuria and the presence of ESRF and retinopathy were genotyped for the PPAR-gamma2 Pro12Ala polymorphism."1.31Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 polymorphism Pro12Ala is associated with nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: The Berlin Diabetes Mellitus (BeDiaM) Study. ( Brand, E; Herrmann, SM; Ringel, J; Staessen, JA; Wang, JG, 2002)
"The origin of this hypoglycemia is not clear but is probably multifactorial."1.26[Spontaneous hypoglycemia and chronic kidney insufficiency]. ( Caron, C; Langlois, M; Nawar, T; Robert, G, 1978)
"In 13 patients with chronic renal failure (creatinine = 10."1.26Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism in chronic renal failure. The potential role of accelerated glucose production, increased gluconeogenesis, and impaired glucose disposal. ( Garber, AJ; Rubenfeld, S, 1978)

Research

Studies (40)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199012 (30.00)18.7374
1990's7 (17.50)18.2507
2000's6 (15.00)29.6817
2010's5 (12.50)24.3611
2020's10 (25.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Patel, RH1
Pella, PM1
Haider, N1
Blanco, R1
Haddad, I1
Agarwal, P1
Hassanein, M1
Boyarsky, BJ1
Po-Yu Chiang, T1
Werbel, WA1
Durand, CM1
Avery, RK1
Getsin, SN1
Jackson, KR1
Kernodle, AB1
Van Pilsum Rasmussen, SE1
Massie, AB1
Segev, DL1
Garonzik-Wang, JM1
Hsu, JJ1
Gaynor, P1
Kamath, M1
Fan, A1
Al-Saffar, F1
Cruz, D1
Nsair, A1
Adamsick, ML1
Gandhi, RG1
Bidell, MR1
Elshaboury, RH1
Bhattacharyya, RP1
Kim, AY1
Nigwekar, S1
Rhee, EP1
Sise, ME1
Stanimirova, I1
Banasik, M1
Ząbek, A1
Dawiskiba, T1
Kościelska-Kasprzak, K1
Wojtowicz, W1
Krajewska, M1
Janczak, D1
Młynarz, P1
Davis, MR1
Pham, CU1
Cies, JJ1
Sörgel, F1
Malin, JJ1
Hagmann, H1
Kinzig, M1
Bilal, M1
Eichenauer, DA1
Scherf-Clavel, O1
Simonis, A1
El Tabei, L1
Fuhr, U1
Rybniker, J1
Bruchfeld, A1
Garg, D1
Muthu, V1
Sehgal, IS1
Ramachandran, R1
Kaur, H1
Bhalla, A1
Puri, GD1
Chakrabarti, A1
Agarwal, R1
Tartaglia, A1
Ferrara, SM1
Sica, S1
Santantonio, T1
Ando, I2
Takeuchi, K2
Oguma, S2
Sato, H2
Sekino, H2
Imai, Y2
Fujiwara, M2
Rurali, E1
Noris, M1
Chianca, A1
Donadelli, R1
Banterla, F1
Galbusera, M1
Gherardi, G1
Gastoldi, S1
Parvanova, A1
Iliev, I1
Bossi, A1
Haefliger, C1
Trevisan, R1
Remuzzi, G1
Ruggenenti, P1
Sato, K1
Zhang, H1
Zhu, S1
Chen, J1
Tang, Y1
Hu, H1
Mohan, V1
Venkatesan, R1
Wang, J1
Chen, H1
Herrmann, SM1
Ringel, J1
Wang, JG1
Staessen, JA1
Brand, E1
Previs, SF1
Fatica, R1
Chandramouli, V1
Alexander, JC1
Brunengraber, H1
Landau, BR1
Cano, N1
Sturm, JM1
Meijer, AJ1
El-Mir, MY1
Novaretti, R1
Reynier, JP1
Leverve, XM1
Raj, DS1
Welbourne, T1
Dominic, EA1
Waters, D1
Wolfe, R1
Ferrando, A1
Ohashi, N1
Uematsu, T1
Nagashima, S1
Kanamaru, M1
Tajima, N1
Togawa, A1
Hishida, A1
Arem, R1
Garber, AJ4
Field, JB1
Heaton, A1
Johnston, DG1
Burrin, JM1
Orskov, H1
Ward, MK1
Alberti, KG1
Kerr, DN1
Dumbauld, SL1
Rutsky, EA1
McDaniel, HG1
Jiang, J1
Calzavara, P1
Marangella, M1
Petrarulo, M1
Ballanti, P1
Bonucci, E1
Calconi, G1
Maresca, MC1
da Porto, A1
Vianello, A1
Guth, HJ1
Wiersbitzky, M1
Ziesche, M1
Rose, HJ1
Kraatz, G1
Chen, D1
Crimmins, DL1
Hsu, FF1
Lindberg, FP1
Scott, MG1
Lazzara, S1
Pergolizzi, FP1
Melita, G1
Cavaleri, A1
Tigano, D1
Riso, F1
Furby, A1
Mourtada, R1
Charasse, C1
Rivalan, J1
Messner, M1
Leroy, JP1
Rubenfeld, S2
Langlois, M1
Robert, G1
Nawar, T1
Caron, C1
Ruderman, NB1
Macpherson, NA1
Moscarello, MA1
Goldberg, DM1
Ish-Shalom, N1
Arbus, GS1
Parrish, A1
Zikira, M1
Tomacelli, C1
Kenney, R1
Davis, TA1
Karl, IE1
Tegtmeyer, ED1
Osborne, DF1
Klahr, S1
Harter, HR1
Deferrari, G1
Garibotto, G1
Robaudo, C1
Canepa, A1
Bagnasco, S1
Tizianello, A1
Dotchev, D1
Hungerland, H1
Liappis, N1
Oyanagi, K1
Bier, DM1
Cryer, PE1
Pagliara, AS1
Czerniak, Z1

Clinical Trials (3)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
First-in-Human Evaluation of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Orally Administered GS-441524 in a Healthy Human Volunteer[NCT04859244]Phase 11 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-01-01Completed
A Two-Phase Study for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Diabetic Nephropathy by Combined ACE Inhibition and Calcium Channel Blockade (BENEDICT)[NCT00235014]Phase 41,204 participants (Actual)Interventional1997-03-31Completed
Evaluation of p21 Induction and Molecular Pathways Related to Short-term Fasting Response[NCT04259879]20 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-04-07Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

5 reviews available for alanine and Kidney Failure, Chronic

ArticleYear
Remdesivir in Patients with Acute or Chronic Kidney Disease and COVID-19.
    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2020, Volume: 31, Issue:7

    Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Cause of Death; Comorbidity

2020
The COVID-19 pandemic: consequences for nephrology.
    Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2021, Volume: 17, Issue:2

    Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Tre

2021
Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) Associated Mucormycosis (CAM): Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature.
    Mycopathologia, 2021, Volume: 186, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; Diabetes Complications; Glucocorticoid

2021
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ polymorphism Pro12Ala Is associated with nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: evidence from meta-analysis of 18 studies.
    Diabetes care, 2012, Volume: 35, Issue:6

    Topics: Alanine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Diseas

2012
Muscle amino acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis.
    Annual review of medicine, 1975, Volume: 26

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminoacylation; Animals; Fasting; Forearm; Gluconeo

1975

Trials

1 trial available for alanine and Kidney Failure, Chronic

ArticleYear
Quantifying rates of protein synthesis in humans by use of 2H2O: application to patients with end-stage renal disease.
    American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2004, Volume: 286, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Body Water; Deuterium Oxide; Female; Humans; Hydrogen; Kidney Failure, Chronic

2004

Other Studies

34 other studies available for alanine and Kidney Failure, Chronic

ArticleYear
Case Report: Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection Treated with Remdesivir in a Patient with ESRD.
    Infectious disorders drug targets, 2022, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Humans; Kidne

2022
Remdesivir use in COVID-19 patients with end-stage kidney disease on intermittent hemodialysis: An absolute contraindication?
    Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, 2022, Volume: 26, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Contraindications; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Huma

2022
Early impact of COVID-19 on transplant center practices and policies in the United States.
    American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2020, Volume: 20, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Betacoronavirus; Clinical Labor

2020
COVID-19 in a high-risk dual heart and kidney transplant recipient.
    American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2020, Volume: 20, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Adult; Alanine; Betacoronavirus; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Coronavirus Infec

2020
Serum metabolomics approach to monitor the changes in metabolite profiles following renal transplantation.
    Scientific reports, 2020, 10-14, Volume: 10, Issue:1

    Topics: Alanine; Biomarkers; Health Status; Hippurates; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantat

2020
Remdesivir and GS-441524 plasma concentrations in patients with end-stage renal disease on haemodialysis.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2021, 02-11, Volume: 76, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Furans; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Pyrroles; Rena

2021
Pharmacokinetics of remdesivir in a COVID-19 patient with end-stage renal disease on intermittent haemodialysis.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2021, 02-11, Volume: 76, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Aged; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Humans;

2021
Successful treatment with tenofovir alafenamide of a HIV/hepatitis B virus coinfected patient with HIV and hepatitis B virus drug resistance, end-stage renal disease on haemodialysis.
    AIDS (London, England), 2017, 10-23, Volume: 31, Issue:16

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Coinfection; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Hepatitis B,

2017
¹H NMR spectroscopic quantification of plasma metabolites in dialysate during hemodialysis.
    Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 2013, Volume: 12, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Alanine; Biomarkers; Blood Chemical Analysis; Creatinine; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Humans;

2013
ADAMTS13 predicts renal and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients and response to therapy.
    Diabetes, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:10

    Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAMTS13 Protein; Aged; Alanine; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Biomarkers

2013
Metabolic responses during hemodialysis determined by quantitative (1)H NMR spectroscopy.
    Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2015, Volume: 111

    Topics: Aged; Alanine; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance

2015
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 polymorphism Pro12Ala is associated with nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: The Berlin Diabetes Mellitus (BeDiaM) Study.
    Diabetes, 2002, Volume: 51, Issue:8

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Body Mass Index; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies

2002
Effect of chronic renal failure with metabolic acidosis on alanine metabolism in isolated liver cells.
    Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2004, Volume: 23, Issue:3

    Topics: Acidosis; Alanine; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Gluconeogenesis; Hepatocytes; Kidney Failure, Chronic;

2004
Glutamine kinetics and protein turnover in end-stage renal disease.
    American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2005, Volume: 288, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Alanine; Arteries; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kidney Failure,

2005
Pharmacokinetics of panipenem/betamipron in patients with end-stage renal disease.
    Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy, 2005, Volume: 11, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Area Under Curve; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fem

2005
Sulfonamide-induced hypoglycemia in chronic renal failure.
    Archives of internal medicine, 1983, Volume: 143, Issue:4

    Topics: Aged; Alanine; Female; Glucagon; Glucose; Glucose Tolerance Test; Growth Hormone; Heart Failure; Hum

1983
Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD): the effect of a single dialysis cycle.
    Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1983, Volume: 65, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Blood Glucose; Carbohydrates; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glucagon; Gl

1983
Carbohydrate metabolism during fasting in chronic hemodialysis patients.
    Kidney international, 1983, Volume: 24, Issue:2

    Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Adult; Alanine; Blood Glucose; Fasting; Fatty Acids, Nonesteri

1983
[The turnover of three amino acids in the plasma of chronic renal failure patients].
    Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 1993, Volume: 15, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Leucine; Middle Aged; Phenylalan

1993
Long-term survival on renal replacement therapy for primary hyperoxaluria type I.
    Nephron, 1993, Volume: 63, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Alanine; Glycolates; Humans; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transpla

1993
Which amino-acids do serum and hemofiltrate of critically ill patients with acute renal failure contain?
    The International journal of artificial organs, 1997, Volume: 20, Issue:6

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Asparagine; Citrulline; Cystathionine; Ethanolamines; Extracorporeal Circulati

1997
Hemoglobin Raleigh as the cause of a falsely increased hemoglobin A1C in an automated ion-exchange HPLC method.
    Clinical chemistry, 1998, Volume: 44, Issue:6 Pt 1

    Topics: Aged; Alanine; Amino Acid Substitution; Autoanalysis; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromato

1998
[Alpha-glucosidase and alanine-amino-peptidase in the early diagnosis of renal failure in obstructive jaundice].
    Chirurgia italiana, 1997, Volume: 49, Issue:4-5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; alpha-Glucosidases; Aminopeptidases; Cholestasis; Diagnosis, Differential; Fem

1997
[Polyradiculoneuropathy in an adult with primitive hyperoxaluria].
    Revue neurologique, 2000, Volume: 156, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Alanine; Biopsy; Disease Progression; Humans; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Kidney Failure, Chronic

2000
Impact of hemodialysis on the abnormal glucose and alanine kinetics of chronic azotemia.
    Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 1979, Volume: 28, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Alanine; Blood Glucose; Female; Glucose; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged;

1979
[Spontaneous hypoglycemia and chronic kidney insufficiency].
    Canadian Medical Association journal, 1978, May-06, Volume: 118, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Alanine; Female; Glucagon; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Kidney Fail

1978
Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism in chronic renal failure. The potential role of accelerated glucose production, increased gluconeogenesis, and impaired glucose disposal.
    The Journal of clinical investigation, 1978, Volume: 62, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Female; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; M

1978
Aminoaciduria as a marker of acute renal transplant rejection--a patient study.
    Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale, 1991, Volume: 14, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Alanine; Amino Acids; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Female; Glycine; Graft Reject

1991
Carbohydrate utilization in exercising muscle in subtotally nephrectomized rabbits.
    Nephron, 1990, Volume: 55, Issue:2

    Topics: Alanine; Animals; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Glutamine; Glycogen; Ketoglutaric Acids; Kidney; Kidney F

1990
Muscle protein turnover: effects of exercise training and renal insufficiency.
    The American journal of physiology, 1985, Volume: 248, Issue:3 Pt 1

    Topics: Alanine; Animals; Body Weight; Carbon Radioisotopes; Female; Insulin; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Muscl

1985
Leg metabolism of amino acids and ammonia in patients with chronic renal failure.
    Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1985, Volume: 69, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Alanine; Amino Acids; Ammonia; Arteries; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Female; Femoral Vein;

1985
[Hyperiminoaciduria and disaminoaciduria in endemic (Balkan-)nephropathy (author's transl)].
    MMW, Munchener medizinische Wochenschrift, 1974, Feb-22, Volume: 116, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Amino Acids; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Chronic Disease; Creatinine; Female;

1974
Hypoglycemia in compensated chronic renal insufficiency. Substrate limitation of gluconeogenesis.
    Diabetes, 1974, Volume: 23, Issue:12

    Topics: Alanine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Fluorometry; Glucagon; Gluconeogenesi

1974
N-substituted amino acids in serum of patients with chronic renal insufficiency.
    Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1970, Volume: 28, Issue:3

    Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Cystine; Glutamates; Glycine; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic;

1970