agar and Periodontal-Diseases

The high rate of microbes and their biological activity in the patient's mouth is a concern in the domains of dental caries and periodontal disease. The study aimed to shed light on the relationship between graphene oxide's nanoparticles (nGOs) antimicrobial properties and the growth of dental pathogenic bacteria. The forty swab samples were frequently collected from the patient's cavity mouth between November 2019 and January 2020, from patients who visited dentist clinics in Baghdad by taking swabs from mouth cavities with various dental caries with two age groups (5-17) and (18-60) from male and female to streaking them on Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) agar, then identified by re-streaking on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin (MSB) agar. All isolates were confirmed as Streptococcus mutans after API 20 Strep method. As well as the Colony Forming Units (CFU) were then determined after diluting the bacterial cell suspensions to obtain cell samples containing 1.5 × 108 CFU/ ml. The collagen-binding adhesin (cnm) and glucosyltransferases (gtf) of S. mutans genes were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method before and after exposure to the nGOs, which were prepared in different pulse laser energy (500, 600, and 700 mJ) with presence and absence of the magnetic field, and the data have been analyzing. After counting the CFU, the nGOs shows high effectiveness inhibiting the growth of S. mutans. This research provides definitive answers about the relationship between nGOs, antibacterial caries, and periodontal disease.

Topics: Agar; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dental Caries; Female; Humans; Iraq; Male; Periodontal Diseases; Streptococcus mutans

The World Health Organization defines probiotics as: "Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host." Probiotics maintain the balance of the normal intestinal flora and prevent the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Its therapeutic use in oral health is increasing. The literature reports successful results considering the treatment of caries and periodontal disease with probiotics. In these cases, probiotics effect the oral flora causing the disease. Our research investigates how caries and type I diabetes effect the normal oral flora.. To summarize the literature on this topic and to present our research, which compares the oral microflora of children with or without caries and of healthy children with those having type 1 diabetes. Our research also determines the total oral bacterial and Lactobacillus count, and its species composition.. A 0.5 ml saliva sample is collected from the participants (20 participants/group). The total bacteria count is determined on blood agar, the Lactobacillus is cultured on Rogosa agar. A MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight) device is used to identify the different Lactobacillus species.. The total bacterial count of the two test groups did not show a significant difference compared to the control groups (109 vs. 108 CFU/mL). In the groups of children with caries and with diabetes, there was a significant difference in the Lactobacillus count compared to the control groups (102 vs. 103 CFU/mL). The species composition of the Lactobacillus differed in each group.. Cariogenic oral flora can displace the probiotic strains in the oral cavity. Diabetes in childhood can affect the composition of the oral flora.. Restoring the normal oral flora of the oral cavity with probiotics is a possible way of preventing the development of oral diseases. Further research is needed examining the function of individual probiotic strains. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(24): 942-947.. Bevezetés: A probiotikumok az Egészségügyi Világszervezet meghatározása szerint: „Élő, speciálisan kiválasztott, a bél szempontjából releváns mikroorganizmusok, amelyek fogyasztása megfelelő mennyiségben, a hagyományos tápanyagokat meghaladó mértékben gyakorolnak jótékony hatást az egészségre.” A jótékony baktériumok feladata a normálbélflóra egyensúlyának fenntartása és a patogén baktériumok elszaporodásának megelőzése. A szájüregi egészség megőrzésére egyre gyakrabban ajánlják a probiotikumok terápiás alkalmazását. Az irodalom számos sikeres eredményről számol be, elsősorban a fogszuvasodás és a fogágybetegség probiotikummal történő kezelésével kapcsolatosan. Ezen esetekben a probiotikumok a betegséget kialakító baktériumflórára vannak hatással. Saját kutatásunk során a caries és az 1-es típusú diabetes esetén kialakult szájflóra esetleges eltéréseit vizsgáljuk. Célkitűzés: A témával kapcsolatos irodalom összefoglalása mellett célunk saját eddigi vizsgálatainkat bemutatni; összehasonlítani a cariesmentes és a carieses, illetve az 1-es típusú diabetesszel élő és az egészséges gyermekek szájflóráját; vizsgálni az összcsíraszámot, a Lactobacillusok öszcsíraszámát, illetve ezek speciesszintű összetételét. Módszer: A résztvevőktől (20 fő/csoport) 0,5 ml nyugalmi nyálminta gyűjtése. Az összcsíraszám meghatározását véres táptalajon, a Lactobacillusok tenyésztését Rogosa agaron végeztük. A Lactobacillusok speciesszintű azonosítására speciális tömegspektrométert alkalmaztunk. Eredmények: Az összcsíraszám tekintetében a két vizsgálati csoport eredményei az adott kontrollcsoportok eredményeihez képest nem mutattak szignifikáns különbséget (109 vs. 108 CFU/ml). Ezzel szemben mind a carieses, mind a diabetesszel élő gyermekek csoportjában szignifikáns eltérést tapasztaltunk a Lactobacillus-összcsíraszámban a kontrollcsoportokhoz képest (102 vs. 103 CFU/ml). A Lactobacillusok kvalitatív összetétele mindegyik vizsgálati csoportban különbözött. Megbeszélés: A caryogen szájflóra kiszoríthatja a probiotikus törzseket, ez a szájüreg normálflórájának felborulását okozhatja. Az 1-es típusú diabetes gyermekkorban is hatással lehet az orális flóra összetételére. Következtetés: A szájüreg normálflórájának probiotikumokkal történő helyreállítása egy lehetséges prevenciós út a szájüregi kórképek kialakulása szempontjából. Az egyes probiotikumtörzsek működésének részletesebb vizsgálata további kutatások részét kell, hogy képezze. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(24): 942–947.

Topics: Agar; Bacteria; Child; Humans; Lactobacillus; Oral Health; Periodontal Diseases; Probiotics

Various studies have described the biological properties of the Leucocyte- and Platelet Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) such as the antimicrobial effect against wound bacteria, but less is known about the effect against periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the L-PRF membrane and L-PRF exudate against the main periopathogens cultured on agar plates and in planktonic solution. This study demonstrated the antibacterial effect of the L-PRF membrane against P. intermedia, F. nucleatum, and A. actinomycetemcomitans, but especially against P. gingivalis. The L-PRF exudate also showed a strong inhibition against P. gingivalis on agar plates. No inhibition could be observed for the other bacterial strains. Moreover, L-PRF exudate decreased the number of viable P.gingivalis in a planktonic solution in a dose-dependent way. However, A. actinomycetemcomitans showed an increased growth in planktonic solution when in contact with the L-PRF exudate.

Topics: Adult; Agar; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chlorhexidine; Female; Fibrin; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Humans; Leukocytes; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontium; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia

Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are thought to be important for establishing and maintaining a stable interface between bone and teeth. In addition, PDL cells are thought to play critical roles in both the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and the regeneration of periodontal ligament tissues. The purpose of this study was to develop a continuous or stable human PDL cell line as an in vitro model for the investigation of cellular mechanisms involved in periodontal regeneration and destruction. Human PDL cells, derived from a primary cell culture, were transfected with simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen-containing virus with a neomycin resistance gene. The transformed cells expressed the SV40 T antigen mRNA as assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This cell line was also characterized for morphological changes and growth characteristics compared to primary PDL cell cultures. The transformed cells were shown to form a multilayer pattern and distinct colonies on tissue culture surfaces. However, no colony formation was found in soft agar. The transformed PDL cell line was found to have a greater rate of proliferation in 10% fetal bovine serum than primary culture, and continued to proliferate in low serum concentrations capable of producing quiescence in primary cells. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) was shown to produce a 7-fold elevation in collagenase (MMP-1) mRNA levels, consistent with primary PDL cells. In addition, IL-1 beta was shown to produce a decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The transformed cell line has been maintained for over 30 generations of cell culture. In conclusion, a stable human PDL cell line has been established to serve as a model for future in vitro investigations into periodontal pathogenic mechanisms and to evaluate therapies directed at the regeneration of periodontal ligament.

Topics: Adult; Agar; Alkaline Phosphatase; Alveolar Process; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antigens, Viral, Tumor; Blood; Cattle; Cell Division; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Transformation, Viral; Cells, Cultured; Collagenases; Culture Media; Culture Techniques; Drug Resistance; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Humans; Interleukin-1; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neomycin; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Ligament; Regeneration; RNA, Messenger; Simian virus 40; Tooth; Transfection

Dental plaque samples from (i) subjects with no apparent oral disease, (ii) mentally retarded subjects with periodontal disease, and (iii) subjects with active caries were collected in three transport media viz. a dithiothreitol poised balanced mineral salt solution designated as reduced transport fluid (RTF), VMG II, and modified Stuart medium (SBL). The samples were dispersed by sonic treatment, diluted in the respective medium in which they were collected, and cultured on MM10 sucrose agar. The efficiency of the transport media in the survival of dental plaque flora was determined by comparing the quantitative recovery (expressed as percentage of the initial viable count) from the specimens stored for various lengths of time. The data showed a great variation in the recovery of the oral bacterial flora from the plaque samples. VMG II and SBL served better than RTF as storage media for non-disease-associated dental plaque cultured under strict anaerobic conditions. Recoveries of bacteria from periodontal plaque specimens stored in RTF were higher than SBL and VMG II under identical conditions. The organisms present in the carious plaque samples appeared to survive much better in RTF and VMG II than in SBL as determined by conventional anaerobic culturing technique. However, VMG II showed a higher recovery of organisms from these specimens with an increase in the storage period, suggesting multiplication of the plaque flora. RTF did not allow the growth of oral bacterial flora under all experimental conditions. On the basis of the relative performance of these media it is suggested that RTF is a satisfactory medium for the transport of oral bacteria present in the samples.

Topics: Adult; Agar; Anaerobiosis; Bacteria; Bacteriological Techniques; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Child; Culture Media; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Dithiothreitol; Edetic Acid; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Preservation, Biological; Specimen Handling; Streptococcus; Sucrose