agar and Kidney-Neoplasms

Computerized tomography and ultrasound are usually sufficient for preoperative evaluation of renal masses greater than 5 cm. For renal masses less than 5 cm additional histological evaluation could improve diagnosis and treatment decisions. We investigated the concordance between an improved agar microbiopsy technique and conventional cytology for diagnosing renal tumors.. We performed fine needle aspiration in 40 renal masses after nephrectomy using a 22 gauge needle, obtaining multiple blind aspirations from the tumor surrounded by Gerota's fascia. Four conventional smears were prepared from each aspiration. An alcohol Carbowax solution was drawn up in the syringe and expelled in a vial. The fluid in the vial was processed according to our modified agar microbiopsy method using an additional cycle of centrifuging the hot sediment mixed in agar. Histological sections were prepared for light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Cytology smears and agar microbiopsy sections were evaluated by 2 pathologists blinded to the definitive histological diagnosis.. The series consisted of 28 renal cell carcinomas, including 25 clear cell, 2 chromophobe and 1 papillary lesions, 7 urothelial cell carcinomas, 3 oncocytomas, 1 angiomyolipoma and 1 unclassified malignant tumor. Agar microbiopsy was concordant with the final histological diagnosis in 39 of 40 cases (correlation 0.98). Classic cytology was concordant with definitive histology in 21 of 40 cases (correlation 0.52). In 5 of 40 cases cytology identified malignancy but did not subtype the tumor correctly. Of the aspirates 15% contained too few diagnostic cells.. Ex vivo fine needle aspiration using an improved agar microbiopsy block technique is highly concordant (98%) with the final diagnosis and subclassification of renal masses. Future validation using an in vivo pretreatment setting is needed to determine its clinical value.

Topics: Agar; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cytodiagnosis; Female; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Agar; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cytodiagnosis; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms

We studied the effects human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and human recombinant interleukin-3 on the colony formation of three human solid tumor cell lines. Using a modified double-layer soft agar clonogenic assay rhGM-CSF enhanced colony formation of all cell lines tested in a dose dependent manner (up to twofold for the breast cancer cell line BT-20, up to 163% of the control for the hypernephroma cell line C 94 and up to 147% for the non-small cell lung cancer cell line CCL 185 at a concentration of 100 ng/ml). RhIL-3 stimulated colony formation of the cell lines C 94 and BT-20, whereas on the cell line CCL 185 rhIL-3 had no effect even at the highest dose level tested (100 ng/ml). Combinations of growth factors showed subadditive stimulation on two cell lines tested (BT-20, C 94). These data indicate that haematopoietic growth factors exert a growth promoting activity on certain solid tumor cells in vitro at physiological concentrations. Therefore our results suggest that the application of these factors in immuno- and myelosuppressed cancer patients after high dose chemotherapy should be seen in light of a possible co-stimulation of the malignant cells.

Topics: Agar; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cell Division; Colony-Stimulating Factors; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Growth Substances; Humans; Interleukin-3; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Recombinant Proteins; Statistics as Topic; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Tumor Stem Cell Assay

Topics: Agar; Animals; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cell Line; Culture Media; Female; Histological Techniques; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Mice; Middle Aged; Tumor Stem Cell Assay

Technical methods for assessing the growth and chemotherapy sensitivity of human tumor cells growing in soft-agar culture have been less than ideal. Within the past year, there have been reports of studying the extent of growth of human tumor cells in these cultures by quantitating the change in cumulative volume for the growth units observed. The present report describes the results of computer-assisted volume analysis applied to soft-agar cultures of cells from 74 primary renal cell carcinomas, 14 primary transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis, and four different human renal cell carcinoma xenografts. The extent of growth in vitro observed for cells from freshly excised human renal tumors showed the expected and statistically significant relationship to tumor grade and stage. The renal cell carcinoma xenografts proliferated to a much greater extent in vitro than the cells from freshly excised human renal carcinomas. The fundamental growth limit of 10(9) micron. cumulative growth unit volume per plate was confirmed by this series of experiments. Computer-assisted volume analysis appears to be a useful method to study the growth of freshly excised human renal carcinoma cells in vitro.

Topics: Agar; Animals; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Electronic Data Processing; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Kidney Pelvis; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Tumor Stem Cell Assay

Two hundred six different samples of human renal carcinoma were tested for in vitro chemotherapy sensitivity using a soft agar colony formation assay similar to that originally described by Salmon and colleagues. Eighty of 159 (50 per cent) evaluable tumor tests showed colony formation in vitro and gave clinical drug sensitivity information. Two-thirds of tumors were resistant to all drugs tested, despite a median number of drugs tested per tumor of 14.5. Five tumors (6 per cent) were remarkably sensitive to numerous anticancer drugs in vitro. The most active drugs found in vitro were teniposide, actinomycin D, bleomycin, hydroxyurea, mitoguanazone dihydrochloride, mitomycin C and L-alanosine. Fourteen other drugs tested showed low in vitro cytotoxicity.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Agar; Antineoplastic Agents; Bleomycin; Cells, Cultured; Dactinomycin; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Hydroxyurea; Kidney Neoplasms; Mitoguazone; Nephrectomy; Teniposide

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Agar; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Culture Media; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Tumor Stem Cell Assay

Dispersed tumor cells from primary human renal adenocarcinomas showed typical clonogenic growth in soft agar in seven of 31 instances. In vitro chemotherapy sensitivity testing was performed successfully for five of the seven clonogenic tumors. Extensive inherent resistance to the cytotoxic effects of many standard and experimental chemotherapeutic agents were observed. Occasionally, a single drug showed marked cytotoxicity. Similar results were obtained with soft agar clonogenic chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity assays performed on cells from human renal carcinoma xenografts. These in vitro results agree with clinical experience in the chemotherapy of advanced renal carcinoma. It remains to be determined if the sensitivity or resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs of human renal carcinomas noted in vitro reflects the characteristics of the tumors in vivo. Our results show that it is feasible to evaluate the soft agar assay as a method for selecting drugs for individual patients with renal carcinoma, a disease for which no chemotherapeutic treatment can be recommended at present.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Agar; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cells, Cultured; Colony-Forming Units Assay; Drug Resistance; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation

Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Agar; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Clone Cells; Colonic Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunity, Cellular; Kidney Neoplasms; Liposarcoma; Lymphocytes; Male; Melanoma; Methods; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rectal Neoplasms; Thyroid Neoplasms

A herpes-type virus was induced in explants of "summer-phase" Lucké tumor maintained on agar slants at 7.5 C for 13 to 14 weeks.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Agar; Animals; Anura; Cell Nucleus; Cold Temperature; Culture Media; Culture Techniques; Cytoplasm; Herpesviridae; Inclusion Bodies, Viral; Kidney Neoplasms; Microscopy, Electron; Time Factors

Topics: Agar; Aged; Blood Protein Electrophoresis; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Colonic Neoplasms; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms