agar and Gingivitis

This study aimed to investigate the possibility of applying the hyperlight fluid fusion essential complex in dental plaque control, and to evaluate the effectiveness of new and modern agents used for the prevention and early treatment of gingivitis.. The study included 60 subjects randomly divided into two groups. The control group was assigned to 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouth rinse, whereas the test group used a solution based on hyper-harmonized hydroxylated fullerene water complex (3HFWC), twice daily for 2 weeks. The plaque, gingivitis and bleeding scores were evaluated and recorded. Collected plaque samples were seeded on blood agar and incubated aerobically at a temperature of 37 °C for 24-48 hours. In order to isolate anaerobic bacteria, samples were seeded on Schaedler Agar and incubated anaerobically at 37 °C for seven days. Serial dilutions in saline from 101 - 106 were made, and grown colonies were counted and identified using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) system.. The reduction in the number of bacteria was significant in both control and test groups. The reduction was greater in the control group compared to the experimental group, but without statistically significant difference.. 3HFWC treatment causes significant reduction in the number of dental plaque microorganisms. Since 3HFWC solution exhibited a bacteriostatic effect similar to chlorhexidine it could be an adequate addition to solution of a growing problem in prevention and early treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis.

Topics: Agar; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Humans; Mouthwashes

Metronidazole concentrations were estimated in four human volunteers after a single dose of 750 mg taken orally. Samples of blood, saliva, and gingival crevice fluid were collected before intake and during the following 24 hours. The concentrations of metronidazole in plasma and saliva were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The concentrations in gingival fluid were estimated by a capillary agar-diffusion assay. The results of the metronidazole measurements as obtained by both methods were significantly correlated. The peak concentrations of metronidazole in plasma and saliva were in the same range, 8.7-13.8 micrograms/mL, and similar concentrations were found in the gingival fluid samples. It is concluded that metronidazole taken orally has similar pharmacokinetics in both saliva and plasma, and that a single oral dose of 750 mg metronidazole leads to a concentration of the drug in the gingival crevice fluid that exceeds the minimal inhibitory concentration for most anaerobic oral micro-organisms.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Agar; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Metronidazole; Saliva

An agar diffusion assay in capillaries, with Fusobacterium nucleatum M2 as the indicator strain, has been developed to measure metronidazole concentrations in gingival crevice fluid. The assay allows the measurement of 1.9 micrograms of metronidazole per ml in sample amounts of 0.6 microliters.

Topics: Agar; Biological Assay; Clostridium perfringens; Diffusion; Fusobacterium; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Gingivitis; Humans; Metronidazole

An agar medium (medium V) was formulated to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents for bacteria encountered in human periodontal pockets. The medium contained (per liter) Trypticase, 15 g; yeast extract, 5 g; sodium chloride, 5 g; glucose, 2 g; sodium pyruvate, 2 g; sodium formate, 1 g; sodium fumarate, 1.5 g; sodium succinate, 0.1 g; Tween 80, 0.25 ml; agar, 15 g; hemin, 5 mg; and menadione, 0.5 mg. The growth of 50 oral strains was compared on this and six other media which included: Wilkins-Chalgren agar, Schaedler agar, Brucella agar, Trypticase-soy blood agar, and Schaedler and Brucella agars supplemented with whole blood. Growth, for most strains, was greatest on medium V. Medium V was also compared with Wilkins-Chalgren agar, using the same oral strains, to determine the MICs of the following antibiotics: penicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and erythromycin. The MICs of these antibiotics were essentially the same on both media when growth was quantitatively similar.

Topics: Agar; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Culture Media; Gingival Pocket; Gingivitis; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Periodontium