agar and Equine-Infectious-Anemia

Using 85 sera collected from horses that had been experimentally infected with equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and 200 field sera collected from racehorses in Japan, we compared 4 agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) kits for serologic detection of EIAV antibodies from Idexx, VMRD, IDvet, and the National Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, China (NECVB). The positive control lines were sufficiently clear in all kits for evaluation to be made, with slight differences in sharpness: NECVB was the sharpest, followed by VMRD, IDvet, and Idexx. The test results for all 285 samples agreed among the 4 kits, with 62 positives and 223 negatives. The sensitivities and specificities of VMRD, IDvet, and NECVB compared with the Idexx kit were 100%, and the kappa coefficient values between the kits were 1.0 for all combinations. We concluded that the testing capacity of these 4 kits was virtually identical.

Topics: Agar; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Equine Infectious Anemia; Horse Diseases; Horses; Immunodiffusion; Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine

This study compared agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) protocols for diagnosing equine infectious anemia. Two commercial testing kits were used: one following the Japanese Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control and one following the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) manual. From 651 samples tested, both protocols gave identical results for 647 samples (23 samples tested positive; 624 tested negative). Non-specific reactions were observed in 21 samples testing negative by the Japanese protocol, but none were observed with the OIE protocol. The kappa coefficient value was 0.962, indicating almost perfect agreement between the two protocols. This study found no difference in diagnostic agreement between the two protocols, but the OIE protocol produced non-specific reactions less frequently than the Japanese protocol.

Topics: Agar; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Equine Infectious Anemia; Horses; Immunodiffusion; Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic

Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is an important viral infection affecting horses worldwide. The course of infection is accompanied generally by three characteristic stages: acute, chronic and inapparent. There is no effective EIA vaccine or treatment, and the control of the disease is based currently on identification of EIAV inapparent carriers by laboratory tests. Recombinant envelope protein (rgp90) was expressed in Escherichia coli and evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was an excellent agreement (95.42%) between the ELISA results using rgp90 and agar gel immunodiffusion test results. AGID is considered the "gold-standard" serologic test for equine infectious anemia (EIA). After 1160 serum samples were tested, the relative sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA were 96.1% and 96.4%, respectively. Moreover, analysis diagnostic accuracy of the ELISA was performed. The ELISA proved robust. Furthermore, good reproducibility was observed for the negative controls and, positive controls for all plates tested.

Topics: Agar; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antigens, Viral; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Equine Infectious Anemia; Gene Products, env; Horses; Immunodiffusion; Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine; Recombinant Proteins; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity

Topics: Agar; Animals; Equine Infectious Anemia; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunodiffusion

Topics: Agar; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antigens, Viral; Equine Infectious Anemia; France; Horses; Immunodiffusion

Topics: Agar; Animals; Antibodies; Equine Infectious Anemia; Germany, West; Horses; Immunodiffusion

Topics: Agar; Animals; Climate; Equine Infectious Anemia; Horse Diseases; Horses; Virus Diseases