adenosine diphosphate has been researched along with Brain Vascular Disorders in 46 studies
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 29 (63.04) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 12 (26.09) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 1 (2.17) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 4 (8.70) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Canobbio, I; Catricalà, S; Consonni, A; Di Pasqua, LG; Guidetti, G; Manganaro, D; Torti, M | 1 |
Fedinec, AL; Leffler, CW; Liu, J; Parfenova, H | 1 |
Behr, T; Behr, W; Kuch, B; von Scheidt, W | 1 |
Ionova, VG; Kaplun, AP; Prokhorov, DI; Seĭfulla, RD; Shilova, AG; Suslina, ZA | 1 |
Arrick, DM; Mayhan, WG; Sharpe, GM; Sun, H | 1 |
Kelton, JG | 1 |
Egberg, N; Mettinger, KL | 1 |
Fazekas, F; Lechner, H; Ott, E | 1 |
Olivella, J; Vicens, B | 1 |
Frishman, WH | 1 |
Ferrario, E; Macchione, C; Molaschi, M; Pernigotti, L; Poli, L | 1 |
Hayakawa, M; Kuzuya, F | 1 |
Bolin, KM; Brace, LD; Helgason, CM; Hoff, JA; Mangat, A; Tortorice, KL; Winkler, SR | 1 |
Cao, P; Li, S; Lin, Z; Liu, L; Shen, Z; Zhang, G | 1 |
Kashiwaya, M; Takahashi, H; Tohgi, H; Watanabe, K | 1 |
Brace, LD; Helgason, CM; Hoff, JA; Kondos, GT | 1 |
Klee, A; Schmid-Schönbein, GW; Seiffge, D; Vater, S | 1 |
Chekneva, NS; Dukhanin, AS; Prianikova, NA; Stakhovskaia, LV | 1 |
Droste, DW; Kaps, M; Siemens, HJ; Sonne, M; Wagner, T | 1 |
Bahr, RD; Dalesandro, MR; Grabletz, LB; Gumbs, CI; Gurbel, PA; Ohman, EM; Serebruany, VL; Shustov, AR; Topol, EJ | 1 |
Puri, RN | 1 |
Dougherty, JH; Levy, DE; Weksler, BB | 1 |
Gent, M; Hirsh, J | 1 |
Ascari, E; Gamba, G; Grignani, G | 1 |
Horie, R; Nara, Y; Ohta, K; Yamori, Y | 1 |
Bomholt, A; Gormsen, J; Lou, HC; Nielsen, JD | 1 |
Koretskaia, SM; Popov'ian, MD; Rubin, VI | 1 |
Grigoriev, GI; Pavlishchuk, SA; Petrova, TR | 1 |
Vaisrub, S | 1 |
Ts'ao, CH | 1 |
Ishchenko, MM; Lobanova, ND; Vesel'skiĭ, ISh | 1 |
Fujita, T; Kobayashi, I; Yamazaki, H | 1 |
Mayhan, WG | 1 |
Böshagen, H; Fiedler, VB; Perzborn, E; Rosentreter, U; Sander, E; Seuter, F; Stasch, JP; Weber, H | 1 |
Cronberg, S; Holan, J; Kubisz, P; Parizek, M; Seghier, F | 1 |
Atkinson, P; Chetty, N; Voll, CL | 1 |
Chen, YC; Huang, ZS; Kuo, TL; Lee, TK; Lien, IN; Liu, MC | 1 |
Ichikawa, Y; Kudo, Y; Nishino, K; Ohashi, M | 1 |
Chen, YC; Huang, ZS; Lee, TK; Lien, IN; Liu, MC | 1 |
Imaizumi, T; Kawamura, Y; Mizono, S; Satoh, K; Shoji, B; Takamatsu, M; Takamatsu, S; Yoshida, H | 1 |
Inoue, Y; Tomita, T; Umegaki, K | 1 |
Busto, R; Kogure, K; Reinmuth, OM; Scheinberg, P | 1 |
Gebert, E; Hinzen, DH; Hirsch, H; Lang, R; Müller, U; Sobotka, P | 1 |
Lobanova, ND | 1 |
Boneu, B; Fernet, P; Guiraud, B | 1 |
Kobayashi, I | 1 |
4 review(s) available for adenosine diphosphate and Brain Vascular Disorders
Article | Year |
---|---|
Antiplatelet agents: rationale and results.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Coronary Disease; Dipyridamole; Female; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Hemostasis; Humans; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Platelet Adhesiveness; Platelet Aggregation; Sex Factors; Sulfinpyrazone; Thrombosis | 1983 |
Antiplatelet therapy in coronary heart disease.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Coronary Disease; Epinephrine; Epoprostenol; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Platelet Adhesiveness; Platelet Aggregation; Propranolol; Thromboxane A2 | 1982 |
Phospholipase A2: its role in ADP- and thrombin-induced platelet activation mechanisms.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; HeLa Cells; Hemostasis; Humans; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Platelet Activation; Thrombin | 1998 |
Definition of high risk/high response population for stroke in patients with transient ischemic attacks.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Coronary Disease; Diabetes Complications; Embolism; Female; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Hypertension; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Platelet Aggregation; Rabbits; Risk; Smoking | 1979 |
5 trial(s) available for adenosine diphosphate and Brain Vascular Disorders
Article | Year |
---|---|
Plafibride: clinical trial of a new platelet antiaggregating agent.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clofibrate; Clofibric Acid; Dipyridamole; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Time Factors | 1981 |
Effect of nisoldipine on red cell deformability and platelet aggregation in stroke patients.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Erythrocyte Deformability; Female; Humans; Male; Nisoldipine; Platelet Aggregation | 1994 |
Platelet hyperfunction exists in both acute non-haemorrhagic and haemorrhagic stroke.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Activation; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Count | 1994 |
Platelet aggregation in patients with atrial fibrillation taking aspirin or warfarin.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Arachidonic Acid; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Epinephrine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Platelet Aggregation; Warfarin | 1993 |
Hemostaseologic and hematologic parameters with aspirin and ticlopidine treatment in patients with cerebrovascular disease: a cross-over study.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aspirin; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Cross-Over Studies; Epinephrine; Female; Fibrinogen; Hemostasis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Count; Prospective Studies; Ticlopidine | 1996 |
37 other study(ies) available for adenosine diphosphate and Brain Vascular Disorders
Article | Year |
---|---|
Immobilized amyloid Aβ peptides support platelet adhesion and activation.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Blood Vessels; Cell Adhesion; Cell Membrane; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Humans; Immobilized Proteins; Metalloproteases; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Platelet Activation; Platelet Adhesiveness; Protein Kinase C; Thrombosis | 2013 |
Enteral supplements of a carbon monoxide donor CORM-A1 protect against cerebrovascular dysfunction caused by neonatal seizures.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Arterioles; Boranes; Bradykinin; Carbon Monoxide; Carbonates; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Dietary Supplements; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Heme; Male; Quisqualic Acid; Seizures; Swine; Time Factors; Vasodilator Agents | 2015 |
Optimizing of thienopyridine therapy by multiple electrode platelet aggregometry in clopidogrel low responders undergoing PCI.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cilostazol; Clopidogrel; Drug Monitoring; Drug Resistance; Drug Substitution; Electrodes; Female; Germany; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Odds Ratio; Piperazines; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Function Tests; Prasugrel Hydrochloride; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Stents; Tetrazoles; Thiophenes; Thrombosis; Ticlopidine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2011 |
[Effect of acetylsalicylic acid in complex with lipid nanostructures of various compositions on human platelet aggregation].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Brain Chemistry; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Drug Carriers; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Lipid Bilayers; Liposomes; Nanostructures; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Static Electricity; Swine | 2011 |
Diabetes-induced cerebrovascular dysfunction: role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Arterioles; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Enzyme Inhibitors; Histamine; Male; Models, Biological; Nitroglycerin; Parietal Lobe; Phenanthrenes; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxides; Vasodilation | 2007 |
A study of hemostasis in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. II. Abnormalities in platelet ADP release, platelet cyclooxygenase regeneration time and platelet factor 3 availability.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adolescent; Adult; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Hemostasis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidoreductases; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Factor 3; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Risk; Time Factors | 1982 |
Hemorheological effects of pentoxifylline on disturbed flow behavior of blood in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Blood Viscosity; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Epinephrine; Erythrocytes; Female; Fibrinogen; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pentoxifylline; Platelet Aggregation; Rheology; Theobromine | 1983 |
[ADP-induced platelet aggregation in vascular diseases of the elderly].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aging; Arteriosclerosis; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Coronary Disease; Humans; Platelet Aggregation; Reaction Time; Vascular Diseases | 1981 |
Development of aspirin resistance in persons with previous ischemic stroke.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Arachidonic Acid; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cohort Studies; Collagen; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance; Drug Tolerance; Epinephrine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Male; Platelet Aggregation; Recurrence | 1994 |
Effect of plasma fibrinogen concentration on the inhibition of platelet aggregation after ticlopidine compared with aspirin.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aspirin; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Female; Fibrinogen; Humans; Male; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Count; Ticlopidine | 1994 |
Evidence from comparative investigations that impaired platelet activation is not specific for stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chromium Radioisotopes; Collagen; Heart Rate; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Platelet Activation; Platelet Aggregation; Probability; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Species Specificity | 1993 |
[Effect of nimodipine on the intracellular calcium level and platelet aggregation in ischemic stroke patients].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Calcium; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cytoplasm; Fura-2; Humans; Nimodipine; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors | 1996 |
Depressed platelet status in an elderly patient with hemorrhagic stroke after thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction. GUSTO-III Investigators.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antigens, CD; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Flow Cytometry; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Myocardial Infarction; P-Selectin; Paraplegia; Plasminogen Activators; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Prospective Studies; Receptors, Very Late Antigen; Ristocetin; Tetraspanin 29; Thrombin; Thrombolytic Therapy; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Vitronectin | 1998 |
Platelet activation in acute cerebral ischaemia. Serial measurements of platelet function in cerebrovascular disease.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aspirin; Blood Cell Count; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chronic Disease; Collagen; Dipyridamole; Epinephrine; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation | 1977 |
Cigarette-smoking effect on platelet function.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Aged; Aging; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Middle Aged; Platelet Adhesiveness; Platelet Aggregation; Smoking | 1977 |
Collagen-mediated platelet aggregation in SHR and stroke-prone SHR [proceedings].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Female; Hypertension; Male; Platelet Aggregation; Rats | 1977 |
Platelet hyperaggregability in young patients with completed stroke.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adolescent; Adult; Blood Platelet Disorders; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cholesterol; Collagen; Female; Humans; Lipoproteins; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Risk; Serotonin; Smoking; Triglycerides | 1977 |
[Bioenergetic processes in acute cerebral circulatory disorders].
Topics: Acetylation; Acute Disease; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Arteriosclerosis; Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Citrates; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glycolysis; Humans; Hypertension; Ischemia; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Oxaloacetates; Pyruvates; Sulfanilamides; Time Factors | 1975 |
Phase analysis of platelet aggregation in acute disturbances of cerebral circulation.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Arteriosclerosis; Blood Coagulation Factors; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Phospholipids; Platelet Aggregation | 1975 |
Editorial: Platelet aggregation.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aspirin; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Coronary Disease; Glucose; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Platelet Aggregation; Tolbutamide | 1975 |
Characterization and significance of collagen induced biphasic aggregation of human platelets.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Aged; Blood Cell Count; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Coronary Disease; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Stimulation, Chemical | 1975 |
[Indicators of the carbohydrate-phosphorus and electrolyte metabolism of blood in transitory disorders of cerebrovascular circulation].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Aged; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Electrolytes; Female; Glucose; Humans; Lactates; Male; Middle Aged; Phosphorus; Potassium; Sodium | 1975 |
[ADP-induced platelet aggregability measured by screen filtration pressure method in cerebrovascular disorders (author's transl)].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Aged; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Filtration; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation | 1975 |
Effect of diabetes mellitus on responses of the basilar artery in rats to products released by platelets.
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Basilar Artery; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic; Rats; Serotonin; Vasodilation | 1992 |
Characterization of Bay U 3405, a novel thromboxane A2/endoperoxide receptor antagonist.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Aorta; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Binding, Competitive; Carbazoles; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Humans; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Receptors, Thromboxane; Sulfonamides; Thromboembolism; Thromboxanes; Vasoconstriction | 1990 |
Relationship between platelet aggregation and plasma beta-thromboglobulin levels in arterio-vascular and renal diseases.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Beta-Globulins; beta-Thromboglobulin; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Platelet Aggregation; Uremia | 1985 |
Platelet aggregability in sleep-related stroke.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Collagen; Epinephrine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Sleep; Wakefulness | 1989 |
Effect of low dose acetylsalicylic acid upon plasma thromboxane B2 levels and platelet aggregation in ischemic stroke patients.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aspirin; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Random Allocation; Thromboxane B2 | 1989 |
Anti-thrombotic effect of KC-404, a novel cerebral vasodilator.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Electroencephalography; Heart Block; Lauric Acids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thrombosis; Vasodilator Agents | 1986 |
Inhibitory effect of acetylsalicylic acid on platelet function in patients with completed stroke or reversible ischemic neurologic deficit.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Thromboxane B2 | 1988 |
Activity of platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase in plasma from patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
Topics: 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Apoproteins; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Enzyme Induction; Female; Humans; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Phospholipases; Phospholipases A; Platelet Activating Factor; Platelet Aggregation | 1988 |
The appearance of "exhausted" platelets at the time of stroke in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Platelet Aggregation; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Serotonin; Sodium Chloride | 1985 |
Energy metabolites and water content in rat brain during the early stage of development of cerebral infarction.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Electroencephalography; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glycogen; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infarction; Lactates; Male; Oxygen; Phosphocreatine; Pyruvates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors; Water-Electrolyte Balance | 1974 |
Metabolism and function of dog's brain recovering from longtime ischemia.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Monophosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Dogs; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Glycolysis; Ischemia; Perfusion; Strychnine | 1972 |
[Characteristics of carbohydrate-phosphorus metabolism in erythrocytes of patients with acute cerebrovascular disorders].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Carbohydrates; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Erythrocytes; Female; Fructose; Glycolysis; Hexoses; Humans; Infarction; Ischemia; Male; Middle Aged; Pentoses; Phosphorus; Time Factors | 1972 |
[Platelet aggregation inhibiting treatment with aspirin. Biological bases. Application to cerebral vascular accidents].
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Aspirin; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Blood Coagulation Tests; Blood Platelet Disorders; Blood Platelets; Cell Aggregation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Humans; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Platelet Adhesiveness | 1972 |
[Studies of ADP-induced platelet aggregation--especially on the reproducibility and individual difference in the response].
Topics: Adenine; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Coagulation; Blood Platelets; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cholelithiasis; Coronary Disease; Densitometry; Female; Humans; Hypertension; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Statistics as Topic | 1971 |