Page last updated: 2024-10-16

adenine and Viremia

adenine has been researched along with Viremia in 87 studies

Viremia: The presence of viruses in the blood.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is a nucleotide analogue with proven efficacy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB)."9.16Five years of treatment with adefovir dipivoxil in Chinese patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. ( Barker, K; Daozhen, X; Dixon, J; Guangbi, Y; Hao, W; Hong, R; JinLin, H; Junqi, N; Minde, Z; Xiaqiu, Z; Yagang, C; Yaozong, W; Yimin, M; Youming, C; Yuming, W, 2012)
"Low-dose TDF monotherapy can control HBV viremia for an extended period of time without the emergence of resistance and is more potent than adefovir at the standard dosage."9.12Low-dose tenofovir is more potent than adefovir and is effective in controlling HBV viremia in chronic HBeAg-negative hepatitis B. ( Colombo, S; Del Poggio, P; Jamoletti, C; Oggionni, M; Puhalo, V; Zaccanelli, M, 2007)
"Adefovir dipivoxil is safe for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction and lamivudine-resistant HBV and results in biochemical and virological efficacy similar to that reported in the general population."9.11Efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil in kidney recipients, hemodialysis patients, and patients with renal insufficiency. ( Brosgart, C; Chaix, ML; Currie, G; Fontaine, H; Morales, E; Nalpas, B; Pol, S; Serpaggi, J; Vallet-Pichard, A; Varaut, A; Verkarre, V, 2005)
"There are few data on the utility of tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBSs) to predict future viral load (VL) in postpartum women with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART)."8.12Use of Tenofovir Diphosphate Levels to Predict Viremia During the Postpartum Period in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Nested Case-Control Study. ( Allerton, J; Castillo-Mancilla, J; Hsiao, NY; Hu, NC; Kabanda, S; Lesosky, M; Malaba, TR; Myer, L; Odayar, J; Orrell, C; Phillips, TK; Wiesner, L, 2022)
"HBV DNA was extracted from blood samples of two patients with HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection and persistent viremia despite tenofovir treatment, and subsequently amplified by PCR before full-length HBV genomes were assembled by deep sequencing."8.12Novel hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations in patients with sustained viremia despite long-term tenofovir treatment. ( Bajpai, PS; Bukh, J; Dalegaard, MI; Fahnøe, U; Lundh, A; Ryom, L; Weis, N; Winckelmann, A, 2022)
"Tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBS) is associated with viral suppression in persons living with HIV (PLWH) taking tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)."7.91Predictive Value of Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots for Future Viremia in Persons Living With HIV. ( Anderson, PL; Bushman, LR; Castillo-Mancilla, JR; Coleman, SS; Coyle, RP; Ellison, L; Gardner, EM; Kiser, JJ; MaWhinney, S; Morrow, M; Zheng, JH, 2019)
"We determined the cumulative virological, serological and biochemical outcomes of 165 lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients on lamivudine and adefovir for up to 5 years."7.78Outcome of lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B after up to 5 years of combination therapy with adefovir. ( Fung, J; Hung, IF; Lai, CL; Liu, K; Seto, WK; Wong, DK; Yuen, JC; Yuen, MF, 2012)
" His HBV is unresponsive to tenofovir/emtricitabine treatment demonstrated by persistent viremia despite lacking known resistance mutations and while having an undetectable HIV-1 viral load."7.77HIV-HBV vaccine escape mutant infection with loss of HBV surface antibody and persistent HBV viremia on tenofovir/emtricitabine without antiviral resistance. ( Holodniy, M; Schirmer, P; Winters, M, 2011)
"We report a case of an immunocompromised patient affected by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) with high basal HBV viremia (>8 log(10) IU/ml) who failed an entecavir regimen, despite the absence of primary or secondary drug resistance mutations."7.77Successful switch to tenofovir after suboptimal response to entecavir in an immunocompromised patient with chronic hepatitis B and without genotypic hepatitis B virus resistance. ( Andreoni, M; Bertoli, A; Ceccarelli, L; Perno, CF; Salpini, R; Sarrecchia, C; Sordillo, P; Svicher, V; Volpi, A, 2011)
"The aim of the study was to identify and characterize hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase gene mutations associated with ongoing HBV replication in HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals receiving tenofovir (TDF)."7.75Prolonged use of tenofovir in HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfected individuals does not lead to HBV polymerase mutations and is associated with persistence of lamivudine HBV polymerase mutations. ( Arrifin, N; Audsley, J; Ayres, A; Bartholomeusz, A; Crowe, SM; Lewin, SR; Locarnini, SA; Mijch, A; Sasadeusz, J; Yuen, LK, 2009)
"Despite the failure of tenofovir DF/FTC as prophylaxis, selection for drug-resistant transmission did not occur and the blunting of postinfection levels of viremia likely reduced the probability of subsequent forward transmissions during the acute phase."7.74Drug-susceptible HIV-1 infection despite intermittent fixed-dose combination tenofovir/emtricitabine as prophylaxis is associated with low-level viremia, delayed seroconversion, and an attenuated clinical course. ( Carrington, M; Davis, B; Duh, FM; Jean-Pierre, P; La Roche, M; Markowitz, M; Mehandru, S; Mohri, H; Poles, M; Prada, N, 2008)
"We studied the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase/reverse transcriptase (Pol/Rt) heterogeneity on adefovir rescue therapy in 34 consecutive chronic hepatitis B patients with viral breakthrough during lamivudine monotherapy."7.74Emergence of hepatitis B virus quasispecies with lower susceptibility to nucleos(t)ide analogues during lamivudine treatment. ( Bonino, F; Brunetto, MR; Ciccorossi, P; Coco, B; Colombatto, P; Flichman, D; Maina, AM; Moriconi, F; Oliveri, F; Sacco, R, 2007)
" To understand predictors of residual viremia, we measured HIV RNA levels <50 copies/mL in patients after 1 year of treatment with efavirenz and lamivudine plus either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (n=55) or stavudine (n=45), by use of an HIV RNA assay with a limit of detection of 2."7.73Predictors of residual viremia in HIV-infected patients successfully treated with efavirenz and lamivudine plus either tenofovir or stavudine. ( Havlir, DV; Ignacio, CC; Koelsch, KK; Lu, B; Margot, N; Miller, MD; Strain, MC; Wong, JK, 2005)
"We studied the impact of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, given as an antiretroviral medication, on patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection."7.73Impact of tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy on chronic hepatitis B in a cohort co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus. ( Berger, A; Bickel, M; Carlebach, A; Klauke, S; Lutz, T; Staszewski, S; Stephan, C; Stuermer, M, 2005)
"Treatment for chronic hepatitis B as a once-daily oral dose was well tolerated and associated with significant and sustained reductions in serum HBV DNA levels during treatment."6.69A placebo-controlled phase I/II study of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. ( Chopra, KB; Gilson, RJ; Jaffe, HS; Murray-Lyon, IM; Nelson, MR; Newell, AM; Rice, SJ; Tedder, RS; Toole, J; Weller, IV, 1999)
"Current therapies for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection do not eliminate viral replication once therapy is stopped, resulting in a rapid rebound of viremia in a majority of patients."5.32Use of adefovir in the treatment of the chronic hepatitis B virus infection with resistance to lamivudine. ( Barcena Marugan, R; Cid Gomez, L; Lopez Serrano, P, 2003)
"Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is a nucleotide analogue with proven efficacy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB)."5.16Five years of treatment with adefovir dipivoxil in Chinese patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. ( Barker, K; Daozhen, X; Dixon, J; Guangbi, Y; Hao, W; Hong, R; JinLin, H; Junqi, N; Minde, Z; Xiaqiu, Z; Yagang, C; Yaozong, W; Yimin, M; Youming, C; Yuming, W, 2012)
"We investigated the impact of early viral load decline on virus-specific T-cell reactivity in 30 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B randomized to monotherapy with adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) or in combination with emtricitabine (ADV/FTC)."5.12Impact of early viral kinetics on T-cell reactivity during antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B. ( Anderson, J; Bowden, S; Cooksley, H; Hui, CK; Lau, GK; Lewin, S; Locornini, S; Mondou, E; Naoumov, NV; Perelson, AS; Powers, KA; Ribeiro, RM; Rousseau, F; Shudo, E; Sorbel, J, 2007)
"Low-dose TDF monotherapy can control HBV viremia for an extended period of time without the emergence of resistance and is more potent than adefovir at the standard dosage."5.12Low-dose tenofovir is more potent than adefovir and is effective in controlling HBV viremia in chronic HBeAg-negative hepatitis B. ( Colombo, S; Del Poggio, P; Jamoletti, C; Oggionni, M; Puhalo, V; Zaccanelli, M, 2007)
"Adefovir dipivoxil is safe for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction and lamivudine-resistant HBV and results in biochemical and virological efficacy similar to that reported in the general population."5.11Efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil in kidney recipients, hemodialysis patients, and patients with renal insufficiency. ( Brosgart, C; Chaix, ML; Currie, G; Fontaine, H; Morales, E; Nalpas, B; Pol, S; Serpaggi, J; Vallet-Pichard, A; Varaut, A; Verkarre, V, 2005)
"There are few data on the utility of tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBSs) to predict future viral load (VL) in postpartum women with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART)."4.12Use of Tenofovir Diphosphate Levels to Predict Viremia During the Postpartum Period in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Nested Case-Control Study. ( Allerton, J; Castillo-Mancilla, J; Hsiao, NY; Hu, NC; Kabanda, S; Lesosky, M; Malaba, TR; Myer, L; Odayar, J; Orrell, C; Phillips, TK; Wiesner, L, 2022)
"HBV DNA was extracted from blood samples of two patients with HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection and persistent viremia despite tenofovir treatment, and subsequently amplified by PCR before full-length HBV genomes were assembled by deep sequencing."4.12Novel hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations in patients with sustained viremia despite long-term tenofovir treatment. ( Bajpai, PS; Bukh, J; Dalegaard, MI; Fahnøe, U; Lundh, A; Ryom, L; Weis, N; Winckelmann, A, 2022)
"Tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBS) is associated with viral suppression in persons living with HIV (PLWH) taking tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)."3.91Predictive Value of Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots for Future Viremia in Persons Living With HIV. ( Anderson, PL; Bushman, LR; Castillo-Mancilla, JR; Coleman, SS; Coyle, RP; Ellison, L; Gardner, EM; Kiser, JJ; MaWhinney, S; Morrow, M; Zheng, JH, 2019)
"We determined the cumulative virological, serological and biochemical outcomes of 165 lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients on lamivudine and adefovir for up to 5 years."3.78Outcome of lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B after up to 5 years of combination therapy with adefovir. ( Fung, J; Hung, IF; Lai, CL; Liu, K; Seto, WK; Wong, DK; Yuen, JC; Yuen, MF, 2012)
"Although one animal had a gradual increase in viremia from 3 years onwards, the other 4 tenofovir-treated animals maintained undetectable viremia with occasional viral blips (≤ 300 RNA copies/ml plasma)."3.78Prolonged tenofovir treatment of macaques infected with K65R reverse transcriptase mutants of SIV results in the development of antiviral immune responses that control virus replication after drug withdrawal. ( Abel, K; Canfield, DR; Forthal, DN; Geng, Y; Heneine, W; Jayashankar, K; Johnson, JA; LaBranche, CC; Landucci, G; Lipscomb, J; Montefiori, D; Tarara, RP; Trott, KA; Van Rompay, KK, 2012)
" His HBV is unresponsive to tenofovir/emtricitabine treatment demonstrated by persistent viremia despite lacking known resistance mutations and while having an undetectable HIV-1 viral load."3.77HIV-HBV vaccine escape mutant infection with loss of HBV surface antibody and persistent HBV viremia on tenofovir/emtricitabine without antiviral resistance. ( Holodniy, M; Schirmer, P; Winters, M, 2011)
"We report a case of an immunocompromised patient affected by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) with high basal HBV viremia (>8 log(10) IU/ml) who failed an entecavir regimen, despite the absence of primary or secondary drug resistance mutations."3.77Successful switch to tenofovir after suboptimal response to entecavir in an immunocompromised patient with chronic hepatitis B and without genotypic hepatitis B virus resistance. ( Andreoni, M; Bertoli, A; Ceccarelli, L; Perno, CF; Salpini, R; Sarrecchia, C; Sordillo, P; Svicher, V; Volpi, A, 2011)
"To assess the peripheral T lymphocyte subsets in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and their dynamics in response to adefovir dipivoxil monotherapy."3.77Parallel decline of CD8+CD38+ lymphocytes and viremia in treated hepatitis B patients. ( Cao, W; Li, TS; Qiu, ZF, 2011)
" Interestingly, one of the previously described patients, who was initially successfully switched from ADF to tenofovir (TDF) and became virologically suppressed subsequently, experienced a moderate but remarkable rebound of HBV viremia after switching from TDF to entecavir, due to the emergence of renal toxicity."3.76Selection and counterselection of the rtI233V adefovir resistance mutation during antiviral therapy. ( Funk, A; Helm, M; Olotu, C; Rockstroh, JK; Schildgen, O; Sirma, H; Zöllner, B, 2010)
"The aim of the study was to identify and characterize hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase gene mutations associated with ongoing HBV replication in HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals receiving tenofovir (TDF)."3.75Prolonged use of tenofovir in HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfected individuals does not lead to HBV polymerase mutations and is associated with persistence of lamivudine HBV polymerase mutations. ( Arrifin, N; Audsley, J; Ayres, A; Bartholomeusz, A; Crowe, SM; Lewin, SR; Locarnini, SA; Mijch, A; Sasadeusz, J; Yuen, LK, 2009)
"Despite the failure of tenofovir DF/FTC as prophylaxis, selection for drug-resistant transmission did not occur and the blunting of postinfection levels of viremia likely reduced the probability of subsequent forward transmissions during the acute phase."3.74Drug-susceptible HIV-1 infection despite intermittent fixed-dose combination tenofovir/emtricitabine as prophylaxis is associated with low-level viremia, delayed seroconversion, and an attenuated clinical course. ( Carrington, M; Davis, B; Duh, FM; Jean-Pierre, P; La Roche, M; Markowitz, M; Mehandru, S; Mohri, H; Poles, M; Prada, N, 2008)
"We reported previously on the emergence and clinical implications of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac251) mutants with a K65R mutation in reverse transcriptase (RT), and the role of CD8+ cell-mediated immune responses in suppressing viremia during tenofovir therapy."3.74Sequential emergence and clinical implications of viral mutants with K70E and K65R mutation in reverse transcriptase during prolonged tenofovir monotherapy in rhesus macaques with chronic RT-SHIV infection. ( Bischofberger, N; Blackwood, EJ; Heneine, W; Johnson, JA; Lipscomb, J; Marthas, ML; Matthews, TB; North, TW; Pedersen, NC; Singh, RP; Van Rompay, KK, 2007)
"We studied the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase/reverse transcriptase (Pol/Rt) heterogeneity on adefovir rescue therapy in 34 consecutive chronic hepatitis B patients with viral breakthrough during lamivudine monotherapy."3.74Emergence of hepatitis B virus quasispecies with lower susceptibility to nucleos(t)ide analogues during lamivudine treatment. ( Bonino, F; Brunetto, MR; Ciccorossi, P; Coco, B; Colombatto, P; Flichman, D; Maina, AM; Moriconi, F; Oliveri, F; Sacco, R, 2007)
" To explore this possibility, we studied whether CD8(+) cells suppress viremia in four rhesus macaques apparently protected by daily or intermittent Truvada (FTC and tenofovir) during 14 low-dose, rectal SHIV(SF162P3) challenges and during a subsequent drug washout period."3.74Short communication: no evidence of occult SHIV infection as demonstrated by CD8+ cell depletion after chemoprophylaxis-induced protection from mucosal infection in rhesus macaques. ( Adams, DR; Butera, S; Folks, TM; Garcia-Lerma, JG; Heneine, W; Kersh, EN; Luo, W; Mitchell, J; Otten, RA, 2008)
" To understand predictors of residual viremia, we measured HIV RNA levels <50 copies/mL in patients after 1 year of treatment with efavirenz and lamivudine plus either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (n=55) or stavudine (n=45), by use of an HIV RNA assay with a limit of detection of 2."3.73Predictors of residual viremia in HIV-infected patients successfully treated with efavirenz and lamivudine plus either tenofovir or stavudine. ( Havlir, DV; Ignacio, CC; Koelsch, KK; Lu, B; Margot, N; Miller, MD; Strain, MC; Wong, JK, 2005)
"We studied the impact of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, given as an antiretroviral medication, on patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection."3.73Impact of tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy on chronic hepatitis B in a cohort co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus. ( Berger, A; Bickel, M; Carlebach, A; Klauke, S; Lutz, T; Staszewski, S; Stephan, C; Stuermer, M, 2005)
"The ability of tenofovir to suppress viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques for years despite the presence of virulent viral mutants with reduced in vitro susceptibility is unprecedented in this animal model."3.72CD8+-cell-mediated suppression of virulent simian immunodeficiency virus during tenofovir treatment. ( Bischofberger, N; Lawson, JR; Marthas, ML; Pahar, B; Singh, RP; Sodora, DL; Van Rompay, KK; Wingfield, C, 2004)
"All animals treated with adefovir showed a marked drop in viremia titers during drug administration, followed by a rebound of viral replication after drug withdrawal."3.72Antiviral effect of adefovir in combination with a DNA vaccine in the duck hepatitis B virus infection model. ( Chevallier, M; Cova, L; Gibbs, CS; Guerret, S; Jamard, C; Le Guerhier, F; Thermet, A; Trépo, C; Zoulim, F, 2003)
"Transgenic Mov-14 mice, which carry the provirus of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MuLV) in the germ line and begin to produce infectious virus on embryonic day 14, were used to evaluate the ability of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) to cross the placenta and protect embryos from viremia."3.68Transplacental antiretroviral therapy with 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine is embryotoxic in transgenic mice. ( Balzarini, J; Bronson, R; De Clercq, E; Jaenisch, R; Lee, JS; Mullaney, S; Ruprecht, RM; Sharpe, AH, 1991)
"One major challenge in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B is to maintain long-term viral suppression without promoting the selection of drug-resistant mutations."2.79No detectable resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate after 6 years of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. ( Borroto-Esoda, K; Corsa, A; Flaherty, J; Kitrinos, KM; Liu, Y; Marcellin, P; Miller, MD; Snow-Lampart, A, 2014)
"Treatment for chronic hepatitis B as a once-daily oral dose was well tolerated and associated with significant and sustained reductions in serum HBV DNA levels during treatment."2.69A placebo-controlled phase I/II study of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. ( Chopra, KB; Gilson, RJ; Jaffe, HS; Murray-Lyon, IM; Nelson, MR; Newell, AM; Rice, SJ; Tedder, RS; Toole, J; Weller, IV, 1999)
" Significant improvement in survival was observed after treatment with BCX4430 at 4 mg/kg of body weight per day dosed intraperitoneally (i."1.40BCX4430, a novel nucleoside analog, effectively treats yellow fever in a Hamster model. ( Babu, YS; Bantia, S; Julander, JG; Kotian, P; Minning, DM; Morrey, JD; Sheridan, WP; Smee, DF; Taubenheim, BR, 2014)
"A 36 year old man with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis was admitted in our Department for the onset of jaundice, ascites and ALT flare (x 35 u."1.35Salvage therapy with tenofovir followed by adefovir maintenance in a cirrhotic patient with a lamivudine resistant HBV flare. ( Brancaccio, G; Gaeta, GB; Nardiello, S; Precone, V; Sgrò, G; Stornaiuolo, G, 2009)
"Success in antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B is supported by highly sensitive PCR-based assays for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA."1.34COBAS AmpliPrep-COBAS TaqMan hepatitis B virus (HBV) test: a novel automated real-time PCR assay for quantification of HBV DNA in plasma. ( Allice, T; Cerutti, F; Colucci, G; Franchello, A; Gabella, S; Ghisetti, V; Marzano, A; Pittaluga, F; Varetto, S, 2007)
"Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) has demonstrated clinical activity against both wild-type and lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV)."1.34Evolution of viral load and changes of polymerase and precore/core promoter sequences in lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus during adefovir therapy. ( Bae, SH; Chang, UI; Choi, JY; Jang, JW; Lee, YC; Sun, HS; Wie, SH; Yang, JM; Yoon, SK, 2007)
"In the treated animal, viremia was controlled to low or undetectable for the study duration, and virus-specific responses remained low."1.33SIV-specific T lymphocyte responses in PBMC and lymphoid tissues of SIV-infected pigtailed macaques during suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy. ( Carruth, LM; Clements, JE; Li, M; Mankowski, JL; Miller, MD; Queen, LA; Shen, A; Siliciano, RF; Tarwater, PM; Zink, MC, 2005)
"Control of off treatment viremia was associated, at least in part, with CD8+ lymphocytes, based on in vivo CD8 depletion studies."1.32Transient early post-inoculation anti-retroviral treatment facilitates controlled infection with sparing of CD4+ T cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues in SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaques, but not resistance to rechallenge. ( Bischofberger, N; Blanchard, J; Cline, AN; Lifson, JD; Pandrea, I; Piatak, M; Purcell, J; Rossio, JL; Veazey, RS, 2003)
"Current therapies for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection do not eliminate viral replication once therapy is stopped, resulting in a rapid rebound of viremia in a majority of patients."1.32Use of adefovir in the treatment of the chronic hepatitis B virus infection with resistance to lamivudine. ( Barcena Marugan, R; Cid Gomez, L; Lopez Serrano, P, 2003)

Research

Studies (87)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's5 (5.75)18.2507
2000's37 (42.53)29.6817
2010's37 (42.53)24.3611
2020's8 (9.20)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Odayar, J1
Orrell, C2
Phillips, TK1
Hu, NC1
Kabanda, S1
Malaba, TR1
Allerton, J1
Wiesner, L1
Hsiao, NY2
Castillo-Mancilla, J1
Lesosky, M1
Myer, L2
Han, N1
Yan, LL1
Tang, H1
Jennings, L1
Robbins, RN1
Nguyen, N1
Ferraris, C1
Leu, CS1
Dolezal, C1
Mgbako, O1
Joska, J1
Castillo-Mancilla, JR2
Anderson, PL2
Remien, RH1
Winckelmann, A1
Fahnøe, U1
Bajpai, PS1
Dalegaard, MI1
Lundh, A1
Ryom, L1
Bukh, J1
Weis, N1
Chen, GJ1
Sun, HY1
Chen, LY1
Hsieh, SM1
Sheng, WH1
Liu, WD1
Chuang, YC1
Huang, YS1
Lin, KY1
Wu, PY1
Chang, HY1
Luo, YZ1
Su, YC1
Liu, WC1
Chang, SF1
Chang, SY1
Hung, CC1
Basso, M1
Battagin, G1
Nicolè, S1
Rossi, MC1
Colombo, F1
Pirola, N1
Baratti, S1
Storato, S1
Giovagnorio, F1
Malagnino, V1
Alessio, G1
Vinci, A1
Maurici, M1
Sarmati, L1
Parisi, SG1
Li, ZB1
Li, L1
Niu, XX1
Chen, SH1
Fu, YM1
Wang, CY1
Liu, Y2
Shao, Q1
Chen, G1
Ji, D1
Solano de la Asunción, C1
Terol, MJ1
Saus, A1
Olea, B1
Giménez, E1
Albert, E1
López-Jiménez, J1
Andreu, R1
García, D1
Fox, L1
Remigia, MJ1
Amat, P1
Solano, C1
Navarro, D1
Morrow, M1
MaWhinney, S1
Coyle, RP1
Coleman, SS1
Gardner, EM1
Zheng, JH1
Ellison, L1
Bushman, LR1
Kiser, JJ1
Childs, K1
Joshi, D1
Byrne, R1
Bruce, M1
Carey, I1
Agarwal, K1
Taylor, C1
Chun, TW1
Shawn Justement, J1
Murray, D1
Kim, CJ1
Blazkova, J1
Hallahan, CW1
Benko, E1
Costiniuk, CT1
Kandel, G1
Ostrowski, M1
Kaul, R1
Moir, S1
Casazza, JP1
Koup, RA1
Kovacs, C1
Fauci, AS2
Kitrinos, KM2
Corsa, A1
Flaherty, J1
Snow-Lampart, A1
Marcellin, P2
Borroto-Esoda, K1
Miller, MD4
González-Artacho, C1
Rodríguez Sicilia, MJ1
Alegría-Motte, C1
Gómez García, M1
Amancha, PK2
Hong, JJ2
Rogers, K1
Ansari, AA2
Villinger, F2
Berg, T3
Zoulim, F4
Moeller, B1
Trinh, H1
Chan, S1
Dinh, P1
Flaherty, JF1
McHutchison, JG1
Manns, M1
Hafkin, JS1
Osborn, MK1
Localio, AR1
Amorosa, VK1
Kostman, JR1
Stern, JJ1
De La Torre, P1
Mounzer, K1
Frank, I1
Gross, R1
Chang, KM1
Lo Re, V1
Boyd, A1
Gozlan, J1
Maylin, S1
Delaugerre, C1
Peytavin, G2
Girard, PM1
Lacombe, K1
Tsai, PJ1
Chang, A1
Yamada, S1
Tsai, N1
Bartholomew, ML1
Gerlich, WH2
Julander, JG2
Bantia, S1
Taubenheim, BR1
Minning, DM1
Kotian, P1
Morrey, JD2
Smee, DF1
Sheridan, WP2
Babu, YS2
Santangelo, PJ1
Rogers, KA1
Zurla, C1
Blanchard, EL1
Gumber, S1
Strait, K1
Connor-Stroud, F1
Schuster, DM1
Byrareddy, SN1
Hoxie, JA1
Vidakovic, B1
Hunter, E1
Murray, JM1
Stancevic, O1
Lütgehetmann, M2
Wursthorn, K1
Petersen, J2
Dandri, M1
Siddharthan, V1
Evans, J1
Taylor, R1
Tolbert, K1
Apuli, C1
Stewart, J1
Collins, P1
Gebre, M1
Neilson, S1
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Mendes-Correa, MC1
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Hanson, D1
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McNicholl, JM1
Heneine, W4
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Van Rompay, KK5
Trott, KA1
Jayashankar, K1
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Lipscomb, J2
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Wasmuth, HE1
Hüppe, D1
Möller, B1
Bock, FJ1
Feucht, HH1
Seto, WK1
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Fung, J1
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Yuen, MF1
Schinazi, RF1
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Clayton, MM1
Sun, B1
Kohler, JJ1
Obikhod, A1
Arzumanyan, A1
Feitelson, MA1
Sherman, AC1
Trehanpati, N1
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Masur, H1
Sarin, SK1
Kottilil, S1
Kohli, A1
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Chevallier, M1
Jamard, C1
Gibbs, CS1
Trépo, C1
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Barcena Marugan, R1
Cid Gomez, L1
Lopez Serrano, P1
Lifson, JD2
Piatak, M1
Cline, AN1
Rossio, JL1
Purcell, J1
Pandrea, I1
Bischofberger, N5
Blanchard, J1
Veazey, RS1
Magierowska, M1
Bernardin, F1
Garg, S1
Staprans, S1
Delwart, EL1
Singh, RP2
Pahar, B1
Sodora, DL1
Wingfield, C1
Lawson, JR1
Marthas, ML3
Wirden, M1
Marcelin, AG1
Tubiana, R1
Valantin, MA1
Ghosn, J1
Duvivier, C1
Dominguez, S1
Paris, L1
Agher, R1
Katlama, C2
Calvez, V1
Jacob, JR1
Korba, BE2
Cote, PJ2
Toshkov, I1
Delaney, WE2
Gerin, JL2
Tennant, BC2
Havlir, DV1
Koelsch, KK1
Strain, MC1
Margot, N1
Lu, B1
Ignacio, CC1
Wong, JK1
Podzamczer, D1
Ferrer, E1
Gatell, JM1
Niubo, J1
Dalmau, D1
Leon, A1
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Polo, C1
Iniguez, D1
Ruiz, I1
Carruth, LM1
Zink, MC1
Tarwater, PM1
Li, M1
Queen, LA1
Mankowski, JL1
Shen, A1
Siliciano, RF1
Clements, JE1
Latham, V1
Stebbing, J1
Mandalia, S1
Michailidis, C1
Davies, E1
Bower, M1
Gazzard, B1
Nelson, M1
Menne, S1
Butler, SD1
George, AL1
Tochkov, IA1
Xiong, S1
Scotto, G1
Palumbo, E1
Fazio, V1
Tartaglia, A1
Saracino, A1
Angarano, G1
Stephan, C1
Berger, A1
Carlebach, A1
Lutz, T1
Bickel, M1
Klauke, S1
Staszewski, S1
Stuermer, M1
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Vallet-Pichard, A1
Chaix, ML1
Currie, G1
Serpaggi, J1
Verkarre, V1
Varaut, A1
Morales, E1
Nalpas, B1
Brosgart, C1
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Fuller, DH1
Rajakumar, PA1
Wu, MS1
McMahon, CW1
Shipley, T1
Fuller, JT1
Bazmi, A1
Trichel, AM1
Allen, TM1
Mothe, B1
Haynes, JR1
Watkins, DI1
Murphey-Corb, M1
Wend, UC1
Hartmann, H1
Willems, WR1
Will, H1
Mocroft, A1
Phillips, AN1
Ledergerber, B1
Chiesi, A1
Goebel, FD1
Knysz, B1
Antunes, F1
Reiss, P1
Lundgren, JD1
Gerlich, W1
Cervasi, B1
Paiardini, M1
Serafini, S1
Fraternale, A1
Menotta, M1
Engram, J1
Lawson, B1
Staprans, SI1
Piedimonte, G1
Silvestri, G1
Magnani, M1
Allice, T1
Cerutti, F1
Pittaluga, F1
Varetto, S1
Gabella, S1
Marzano, A1
Franchello, A1
Colucci, G1
Ghisetti, V1
Polk, C1
Chan-Tack, KM1
Kopack, AM1
Amoroso, A1
Blackwood, EJ1
Matthews, TB1
Pedersen, NC2
North, TW1
Chang, UI1
Lee, YC1
Wie, SH1
Jang, JW1
Bae, SH1
Choi, JY1
Yang, JM1
Yoon, SK1
Sun, HS1
Moriconi, F1
Colombatto, P1
Coco, B1
Ciccorossi, P1
Oliveri, F1
Flichman, D1
Maina, AM1
Sacco, R1
Bonino, F1
Brunetto, MR1
Del Poggio, P1
Zaccanelli, M1
Oggionni, M1
Colombo, S1
Jamoletti, C1
Puhalo, V1
Lau, GK1
Cooksley, H1
Ribeiro, RM1
Powers, KA1
Shudo, E1
Bowden, S1
Hui, CK1
Anderson, J1
Sorbel, J1
Mondou, E1
Rousseau, F1
Lewin, S1
Perelson, AS1
Locornini, S1
Naoumov, NV1
Mitchell, J1
Folks, TM1
Butera, S1
Otten, RA1
Nowak, MA1
Lloyd, AL1
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Wiltrout, TA1
Wahl, LM1
Williams, J1
Kinter, A1
Hirsch, VM1
Berardi, CJ1
Aguirre, NL1
Lietman, PS1
Nakajima, N1
Hanaki, K1
Shimizu, YK1
Ohnishi, S1
Gunji, T1
Nakajima, A1
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Yoshikura, H1
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Nelson, MR1
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Weller, IV1
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Crabbs, C1
Wagner, W1
Silvera, P1
Tinelli, C1
Lisziewicz, J1
Cohen, J1
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Clinical Trials (10)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Prospective Cohort Study of Tenofovir Alafenamide Switch Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Who Are Unsatisfied to Entecavir Therapy[NCT05583006]60 participants (Anticipated)Observational2023-11-06Recruiting
A Prospective Cohort Study of Tenofovir Alafenamide Switching Therapy in Kidney or Liver Transplant Recipients With Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection[NCT05410496]Phase 450 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-06-22Recruiting
Quantifying Drug Adherence and Drug Exposure to Antiretroviral Therapy.[NCT02012621]807 participants (Actual)Observational2013-12-31Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Evaluation of Tenofovir DF Versus Adefovir Dipivoxil for the Treatment of Presumed Pre-Core Mutant Chronic Hepatitis B[NCT00117676]Phase 3382 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-02-28Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Evaluation of Tenofovir DF Versus Adefovir Dipivoxil for the Treatment of HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B[NCT00116805]Phase 3266 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-06-30Completed
Multi-center Study Evaluating Persistence of Hepatitis B Virus Replication, Long-term Prognostic Indicators and Their Clinical Relevance in Patients Co-infected With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Chronic Hepatitis B[NCT02889094]152 participants (Actual)Observational2016-10-31Active, not recruiting
Pilot Study Using 123I Radiolabeled 3BNC117 SPECT/CT to Image HIV Reservoir in Chronically Infected HIV Patients[NCT03468582]Early Phase 16 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-02-08Completed
Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus: a One Arm, Open Label Intervention Study to Estimate the Optimal Timing of Tenofovir (TDF) in Pregnancy[NCT02995005]Phase 1/Phase 298 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-05-24Completed
Entecavir Intensification for Persistent Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Viremia in HIV-HBV Infection[NCT00662545]Phase 410 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-04-30Completed
EuroSIDA Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Clinical and Virological Outcome of European Patients Infected With HIV[NCT02699736]23,000 participants (Actual)Observational [Patient Registry]1994-01-31Enrolling by invitation
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Adjusted Odds Ratio of Level of Tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) in Dried Blood Spots (DBS) Associated With Odds of HIV Viral Suppression at All Study Visits

HIV viral load, binary cutoff at assay level of detection (<20 copies/mL vs. >= 20 copies/mL); reference group: drug concentration (TFV-DP) < 350 femtomole (fmol)/punch vs. drug concentration (TFV-DP) >= 1850 fmol/punch; adjusted odds ratio calculated using generalized estimating equations; concentration cutoffs established in prior research of healthy volunteers (NCT02012621)
Timeframe: Up to 48 Weeks

InterventionAdjusted odds ratio (aOR) (Number)
Study Cohort73.5

Adjusted Odds Ratio of Level of Tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) in Dried Blood Spots (DBS) Associated With Odds of HIV Viral Suppression at Next Study Visit

HIV viral load, binary cutoff at assay level of detection (<20 copies/mL vs. >= 20 copies/mL); drug concentration (TFV-DP) <800 femtomole (fmol)/punch) vs reference group of drug concentration (TFV-DP) >= 1650 fmol/punch; adjusted odds ratio calculated using generalized estimating equations (NCT02012621)
Timeframe: Up to 48 Weeks

InterventionAdjusted odds ratio (aOR) (Number)
Study Cohort4.7

Adjusted Odds Ratio of Three-month Self-reported Adeherence Associated With Odds of HIV Viral Suppression at All Study Visits

HIV viral load, binary cutoff at assay level of detection (<20 copies/mL vs. >= 20 copies/mL); reference group: three-month self-reported adherence <28.5% vs. three-month self-reported adherence 100%; adherence cutoffs established in prior research (NCT02012621)
Timeframe: Up to 48 Weeks

InterventionAdjusted odds ratio (aOR) (Number)
Study Cohort8.5

Percentage of Participants With ALT Normalization at Week 48

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > upper limit of normal (ULN) at baseline and within the normal range at the end of blinded treatment. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF76.3
ADV-TDF77.1

Percentage of Participants With ALT Normalization at Weeks 96

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > ULN at baseline and within the normal range at Week 96. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF72.4
ADV-TDF68.5

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Week 48

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Week 48

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF93.2
ADV-TDF63.2

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Weeks 96

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Week 96

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF90.6
ADV-TDF89.3

Change From Baseline in ALT at Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionunits per liter (Mean)
Week 48Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-124.4-138.5-140.0-140.3-139.5-134.7-143.1-132.6-131.9-129.2
TDF-TDF-95.0-93.7-99.1-99.6-97.7-98.9-98.9-96.1-97.0-94.9

Change From Baseline in HBV DNA at Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionlog10 copies/mL (Mean)
Week 48Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-4.07-4.74-4.77-4.75-4.77-4.81-4.81-4.79-4.69-4.75
TDF-TDF-4.57-4.54-4.61-4.56-4.59-4.61-4.61-4.56-4.60-4.57

Change From Baseline in Knodell and Ishak Necroinflammatory Scores at Week 240

The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, and ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Ishak score measures the degree of liver fibrosis (scarring) caused by chronic necroinflammation (inflammation leading to cell death) and ranges from 0 (best) to 6 (worst). (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 240

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Knodell ScoreIshak Score
ADV-TDF-4.9-4.2
TDF-TDF-4.6-4.0

Change From Baseline in Knodell and Ishak Necroinflammatory Scores at Week 48

The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, and ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Ishak score measures the degree of liver fibrosis (scarring) caused by chronic necroinflammation (inflammation leading to cell death) and ranges from 0 (best) to 6 (worst). (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Knodell Necroinflammatory ScoreIshak Necroinflammatory Score
ADV-TDF-3.4-2.6
TDF-TDF-3.5-2.6

Change From Week 48 in ALT at Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Week 48; Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionunits per liter (Mean)
Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-0.6-0.3-3.6-3.9-4.1-2.0-3.9-8.9-5.9
TDF-TDF2.4-0.60.7-2.5-3.9-2.6-2.9-4.6-2.8

Change From Week 48 in HBV DNA at Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Week 48; Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionlog10 copies/mL (Mean)
Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-0.60-0.63-0.61-0.61-0.64-0.65-0.66-0.67-0.72
TDF-TDF0.02-0.030.01-0.04-0.04-0.05-0.02-0.04-0.05

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 144 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 144 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 96 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 96 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 97 to 144

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF00000
TDF-TDF40121
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC00000

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 192 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 192 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 144 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 144 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 145 to 192

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF00000
TDF-TDF30111
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC10010

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 240 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 240 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 192 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 192 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 193 to 240

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF20002
TDF-TDF11000
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC20200

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 288 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 288 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 240 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 240 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 241 to 288

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF10100
TDF-TDF30210
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC10100

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 336 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 336 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 288 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 288 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 289 to 336

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF10001
TDF-TDF00000
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC10010

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 384 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 384 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 336 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 336 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 337 to 384

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF00000
TDF-TDF10001
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC00000

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 432 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 432 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 384 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 384 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 385 to 432

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF10100
TDF-TDF20020
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC00000

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 48 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 48, those with viral breakthrough, and those who discontinued after Week 24 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF42714201
TDF-TDF80341

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 480 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 480 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 432 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 432 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 433 to 480

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to genotype
ADV-TDF00000
TDF-TDF00000
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC00000

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 96 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 96 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 48 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 49 to 96

,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites within HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF00000
TDF-TDF60240
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC10100

Percentage of Participants With ALT Normalization at Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > ULN at baseline and within the normal range at the subsequent time point. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384
ADV-TDF70.076.475.772.965.469.2
TDF-TDF74.368.270.369.965.965.3

Percentage of Participants With ALT Normalization at Weeks 432 and 480

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > ULN at baseline and within the normal range at the subsequent time point. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 432 and 480

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF87.288.9
TDF-TDF86.580.0

Percentage of Participants With HBsAg Loss and/or Seroconversion to Anti-HBs at Week 96

HBsAg loss was defined as HBsAg positive at baseline and HBsAg negative at Week 96. Seroconversion to anti-HBs was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBsAg from negative at baseline to positive at Week 96. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBsAg LossAnti-HBs Seroconversion
ADV-TDF00
TDF-TDF00

Percentage of Participants With HBsAg Loss and/or Seroconversion to Anti-HBs at Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

HBsAg loss was defined as HBsAg positive at baseline and HBsAg negative at the subsequent time point. Seroconversion to anti-HBs was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBsAg from negative at baseline to positive at the subsequent time point. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBsAg Loss - Week 144Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 144HBsAg Loss - Week 192Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 192HBsAg Loss - Week 240Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 240HBsAg Loss - Week 288Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 288HBsAg Loss - Week 336Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 336HBsAg Loss - Week 384Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 384HBsAg Loss - Week 432Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 432HBsAg Loss - Week 480Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 480
ADV-TDF00000.800.80.80.80.80.80.81.60.82.40.8
TDF-TDF00000000000.80.41.20.41.20.8

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL and Histological Improvement (2-point Reduction in Knodell Necroinflammatory Score Without Worsening in Knodell Fibrosis Score) at Week 48

"Complete response was a composite endpoint defined as histological response and HBV DNA < 400 copies/mL. Histological response was based on the Knodell numerical scoring of liver biopsy specimens and defined as at least a 2-point reduction in Knodell necroinflammatory score without worsening in Knodell fibrosis score. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined necrosis and inflammation domain scores and ranges from 0 to 14; the Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 to 4.~A participant was a nonresponder for the primary endpoint if either biopsy (baseline or end-of-treatment) was missing or if there was not an HBV DNA value available at or beyond Week 40." (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
YesNo
ADV-TDF48.851.2
TDF-TDF70.829.2

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384
ADV-TDF88.486.883.982.978.076.3
TDF-TDF86.784.082.880.577.074.3

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Weeks 432 and 480

(NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Weeks 432 and 480

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF97.7100.0
TDF-TDF97.6100.0

Percentage of Participants With Hepatitis B S-Antigen (HBsAg) Loss or Seroconversion Antibody to HBs (Anti-HBs) at Week 48

HBsAg loss was defined as HBsAg positive at baseline and HBsAg negative at Week 48. Seroconversion to anti-HBs was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBsAg from negative at baseline to positive at Week 48. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBsAg LossSeroconversion to anti-HBs
ADV-TDF00
TDF-TDF00

Percentage of Participants With Histological Response at Week 240

Histological response was based on the Knodell numerical scoring of liver biopsy specimens and defined as at least a 2-point reduction in Knodell necroinflammatory score without worsening in Knodell fibrosis score. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined necrosis and inflammation domain scores and ranges from 0 to 14; the Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 to 4. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 240

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
YesNo
ADV-TDF85.114.9
TDF-TDF87.312.7

Percentage of Participants With Histological Response at Week 48

Histological response was based on the Knodell numerical scoring of liver biopsy specimens and defined as at least a 2-point reduction in Knodell necroinflammatory score without worsening in Knodell fibrosis score. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined necrosis and inflammation domain scores and ranges from 0 to 14; the Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 to 4. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
YesNo
ADV-TDF68.831.2
TDF-TDF72.427.6

Ranked Assessment of Necroinflammation and Fibrosis at Week 240

Participants were ranked as having improvement, no change, worsening, or missing data (compared to Baseline) based on the Knodell scoring system, and results are presented as the percentage of participants in each category. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, which ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 (best) to 4 (worst). A decrease of 1 point or more indicated improvement, and an increase of 1 point or more indicated worsening. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 240

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Improvement - NecroinflammationNo Change - NecroinflammationWorsening - NecroinflammationImprovement - FibrosisNo Change - FibrosisWorsening - Fibrosis
ADV-TDF94.61.44.159.533.86.8
TDF-TDF96.72.70.762.034.04.0

Ranked Assessment of Necroinflammation and Fibrosis at Week 48

Participants were ranked as having improvement, no change, worsening, or missing data (compared to Baseline) based on the Knodell scoring system, and results are presented as the percentage of participants in each category. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, which ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 (best) to 4 (worst). A decrease of 1 point or more indicated improvement, and an increase of 1 point or more indicated worsening. (NCT00117676)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Improvement - NecroinflammationNo Change - NecroinflammationWorsening - NecroinflammationMissing Data - NecroinflammationImprovement - FibrosisNo Change - FibrosisWorsening - FibrosisMissing Data - Fibrosis
ADV-TDF81.68.00.89.625.654.410.49.6
TDF-TDF82.06.84.86.422.063.28.46.4

Percentage of Participants With Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Normalization at Week 48

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > upper limit of normal (ULN) at baseline and within the normal range at the end of blinded treatment. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF68.0
ADV-TDF54.4

Percentage of Participants With ALT Normalization at Week 96

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > ULN at baseline and within the normal range at Week 96. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF65.2
ADV-TDF74.4

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL and Histological Improvement (2-point Reduction in Knodell Necroinflammatory Score Without Worsening in Knodell Fibrosis Score) at Week 48

"Complete response was a composite endpoint defined as histological response and HBV DNA < 400 copies/mL. Histological response was based on the Knodell numerical scoring of liver biopsy specimens and defined as at least a 2-point reduction in Knodell necroinflammatory score without worsening in Knodell fibrosis score. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined necrosis and inflammation domain scores and ranges from 0 to 14; the Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 to 4.~A participant was a nonresponder for the primary endpoint if either biopsy (baseline or end-of-treatment) was missing or if there was not an HBV DNA value available at or beyond Week 40." (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF66.5
ADV 10 mg12.2

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Week 48

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Week 48

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF76.1
ADV-TDF13.3

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Week 96

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Week 96

Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
TDF-TDF77.6
ADV-TDF77.9

Change From Baseline in ALT at Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
InterventionU/L (Mean)
Week 48Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-106.1-120.4-126.2-139.6-134.8-130.9-132.3-133.7-162.1-157.5
TDF-TDF-107.2-107.8-100.7-101.4-95.9-102.3-101.9-108.1-105.0-92.3

Change From Baseline in HBV DNA at Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionlog10 IU/mL (Mean)
Week 48Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-3.93-6.38-6.31-6.49-6.45-6.49-6.46-6.28-6.45-6.37
TDF-TDF-6.17-6.26-6.32-6.30-6.22-6.27-6.35-6.38-6.13-6.18

Change From Baseline in Knodell and Ishak Necroinflammatory Scores at Week 240

The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, and ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Ishak score measures the degree of liver fibrosis (scarring) caused by chronic necroinflammation (inflammation leading to cell death) and ranges from 0 (best) to 6 (worst). (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 240

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Knodell Necroinflammatory ScoreIshak Necroinflammatory Score
ADV-TDF-5.1-4.5
TDF-TDF-4.8-4.1

Change From Baseline in Knodell and Ishak Necroinflammatory Scores at Week 48

The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, and ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Ishak score measures the degree of liver fibrosis (scarring) caused by chronic necroinflammation (inflammation leading to cell death) and ranges from 0 (best) to 6 (worst). (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
Knodell Necroinflammatory ScoreIshak Necroinflammatory Score
ADV-TDF-3.2-2.6
TDF-TDF-3.6-2.7

Change From Week 48 in ALT at Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Week 48; Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
InterventionU/L (Mean)
Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-6.9-0.7-7.8-8.1-10.3-9.3-6.9-11.6-7.1
TDF-TDF-2.0-0.4-1.33.7-1.6-1.2-4.4-4.3-5.5

Change From Week 48 in HBV DNA at Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Week 48; Weeks 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionlog10 IU/mL (Mean)
Week 96Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF-2.43-2.27-2.41-2.49-2.62-2.59-2.34-2.32-2.16
TDF-TDF-0.10-0.19-0.20-0.14-0.18-0.25-0.29-0.13-0.24

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 144 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 144 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 96 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 96 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 97 to 144

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF52300
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC50031
TDF-TDF21010
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC72320

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 192 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 192 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 144 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 144 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 145 to 192

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF10100
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC10100
TDF-TDF20101
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC50013

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 240 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 240 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 192 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 192 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 193 to 240

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF00000
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC11000
TDF-TDF30210
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC30021

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 288 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 288 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 240 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 240 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 241 to 288

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF00000
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC00000
TDF-TDF30021
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC00000

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 336 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 336 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 288 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 288 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 289 to 336

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF10010
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC00000
TDF-TDF10001
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC00000

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 384 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 384 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 336 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 336 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 337 to 384

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF21100
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC20110
TDF-TDF10001
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC00000

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 432 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 432 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 384 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 384 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 385 to 432

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF00000
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC10010
TDF-TDF10100
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC30030

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 48 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, those with viral breakthrough, and those who discontinued after Week 24 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF75817437
TDF-TDF3121379

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 480 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 480 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 432 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen after Week 432 and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 433 to 480

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF10010
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC00000
TDF-TDF00000
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC30120

Number of Participants With HBV Genotypic Changes From Baseline at Week 96 (Resistance Surveillance)

Of the total number analyzed, participants evaluated for resistance included those with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at Week 96 on TDF monotherapy, those with viral breakthrough, those who discontinued after Week 48 with HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL, and those who added emtricitabine to the open-label TDF regimen and had HBV DNA ≥ 400 copies/mL at the time of the addition. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 49 to 96

,,,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
Participants evaluatedChanges at conserved sites in HBV polymeraseChanges at polymorphic sites in HBV polymeraseNo genotypic changes (wild-type virus)Unable to be genotyped
ADV-TDF1621121
ADV-TDF With Addition of FTC103232
TDF-TDF1823103
TDF-TDF With Addition of FTC130157

Percentage of Participants With ALT Normalization at Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > ULN at baseline and within the normal range at the subsequent time point. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384
ADV-TDF67.869.465.970.167.967.1
TDF-TDF60.259.650.051.346.252.6

Percentage of Participants With ALT Normalization at Weeks 432 and 480

ALT normalization was defined as ALT > ULN at baseline and within the normal range at the subsequent time point. The ULN was 43 U/L for males and 34 U/L for females aged 18 to < 69, and 35 U/L for males and 32 U/L for females aged ≥ 69. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 432 and 480

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF78.682.8
TDF-TDF79.675.0

Percentage of Participants With HBeAg Loss or Seroconversion to Anti-HBe at Week 96

HBeAg loss was defined as HBeAg positive at baseline and HBeAg negative at Week 96. Seroconversion to anti-HBe was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBeAg from negative at baseline to positive at Week 96. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBeAg LossSeroconversion to Anti-HBe
ADV-TDF25.622.0
TDF-TDF25.922.8

Percentage of Participants With HBsAg Loss or Seroconversion to Anti-HBs at Week 96

HBsAg loss was defined as HBsAg positive at baseline and HBsAg negative at the subsequent time point. Seroconversion to anti-HBs was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBsAg from negative at baseline to positive at the subsequent time point. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBsAg LossAnti-HBs Seroconversion
ADV-TDF5.84.7
TDF-TDF5.34.1

Percentage of Participants With HBsAg Loss or Seroconversion to Anti-HBs at Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

HBsAg loss was defined as HBsAg positive at baseline and HBsAg negative at the subsequent time point. Seroconversion to anti-HBs was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBsAg from negative at baseline to positive at the subsequent time point. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, 384, 432, and 480

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBsAg Loss - Week 144Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 144HBsAg Loss - Week 192Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 192HBsAg Loss - Week 240Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 240HBsAg Loss - Week 288Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 288HBsAg Loss - Week 336Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 336HBsAg Loss - Week 384Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 384HBsAg Loss - Week 432Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 432HBsAg Loss - Week 480Anti-HBs Seroconversion - Week 480
ADV-TDF8.06.87.96.78.08.08.08.07.97.99.07.910.28.010.17.9
TDF-TDF7.55.29.46.49.26.39.26.410.37.511.08.110.97.610.98.0

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Weeks 144, 192, 240, 288, 336, and 384

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 144Week 192Week 240Week 288Week 336Week 384
ADV-TDF70.571.666.364.862.160.5
TDF-TDF71.767.963.461.359.456.1

Percentage of Participants With HBV DNA < 400 Copies/mL at Weeks 432 and 480

(NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Weeks 432 and 480

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Week 432Week 480
ADV-TDF100.096.6
TDF-TDF93.098.0

Percentage of Participants With Hepatitis B e Antigen (HBeAg) Loss/Seroconversion at Week 48

HBeAg loss was defined as HBeAg positive at baseline and HBeAg negative at Week 48. Seroconversion to anti-HBe was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBeAg from negative at baseline to positive at Week 48. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBeAg LossHBeAg Seroconversion
ADV-TDF17.517.5
TDF-TDF22.220.9

Percentage of Participants With Hepatitis B S-Antigen (HBsAg) Loss or Seroconversion at Week 48

HBsAg loss was defined as HBsAg positive at baseline and HBsAg negative at Week 48. Seroconversion to anti-HBs was defined as change of detectable antibody to HBsAg from negative at baseline to positive at Week 48. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
HBsAg LossHBsAg Seroconversion
ADV-TDF00
TDF-TDF3.21.3

Percentage of Participants With Histological Response at Week 240

Histological response was based on the Knodell numerical scoring of liver biopsy specimens and defined as at least a 2-point reduction in Knodell necroinflammatory score without worsening in Knodell fibrosis score. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined necrosis and inflammation domain scores and ranges from 0 to 14; the Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 to 4. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 240

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
YesNo
ADV-TDF89.610.4
TDF-TDF88.211.8

Percentage of Participants With Histological Response at Week 48

Histological response was based on the Knodell numerical scoring of liver biopsy specimens and defined as at least a 2-point reduction in Knodell necroinflammatory score without worsening in Knodell fibrosis score. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined necrosis and inflammation domain scores and ranges from 0 to 14; the Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 to 4. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
YesNo
ADV-TDF67.832.2
TDF-TDF74.425.6

Ranked Assessment of Necroinflammation and Fibrosis at Week 240

Participants were ranked as having improvement, no change, worsening, or missing data (compared to Baseline) based on the Knodell scoring system, and results are presented as the percentage of participants in each category. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, which ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 (best) to 4 (worst). A decrease of 1 point or more indicated improvement, and an increase of 1 point or more indicated worsening. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 240

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Improvement - NecroinflammationNo Change - NecroinflammationWorsening - NecroinflammationImprovement - FibrosisNo Change - FibrosisWorsening - Fibrosis
ADV-TDF97.92.1058.339.62.1
TDF-TDF96.13.9056.639.53.9

Ranked Assessment of Necroinflammation and Fibrosis at Week 48

Participants were ranked as having improvement, no change, worsening, or missing data (compared to Baseline) based on the Knodell scoring system, and results are presented as the percentage of participants in each category. The Knodell necroinflammatory score is the combined score for necrosis and inflammation domains of the Knodell scoring system, which ranges from 0 (best) to 14 (worst). The Knodell fibrosis domain score ranges from 0 (best) to 4 (worst). A decrease of 1 point or more indicated improvement, and an increase of 1 point or more indicated worsening. (NCT00116805)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Improvement - NecroinflammationNo Change - NecroinflammationWorsening - NecroinflammationMissing Data - NecroinflammationImprovement - FibrosisNo Change - FibrosisWorsening - FibrosisMissing Data - Fibrosis
ADV-TDF78.93.35.612.220.061.16.712.2
TDF-TDF81.34.53.410.819.963.65.111.4

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA

"HBV DNA carries the genetic blueprint of the virus. How many HBV DNA particles or copies are found in the blood indicates how rapidly the virus is reproducing in the liver." (NCT00662545)
Timeframe: week 24

Interventionlog 10 IU/ml (Median)
Entecavir Intensification2.4
Standard of Care0.8

HIV RNA < 75 Copies/ml

(NCT00662545)
Timeframe: entry, week 12, and week 24

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Entecavir Intensification5
Standard of Care5

Incidence of ALT Flares

ALT flare: sudden increase in blood level of alanine transaminase (ALT) (NCT00662545)
Timeframe: every 4 weeks for 24 weeks

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Entecavir Intensification0
Standard of Care0

Incidence of New Hepatic Decompensation( Ascites, Variceal Hemorrhage, Encephalopathy)

(NCT00662545)
Timeframe: every 4 weeks for 24 weeks

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Entecavir Intensification0
Standard of Care0

Incidence of Permanent Discontinuation Due to Toxicity

(NCT00662545)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Entecavir Intensification0
Standard of Care0

Reviews

1 review available for adenine and Viremia

ArticleYear
The risk of HIV drug resistance following implementation of pre-exposure prophylaxis.
    Current opinion in infectious diseases, 2010, Volume: 23, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Deoxycytidine; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistance, Vir

2010

Trials

13 trials available for adenine and Viremia

ArticleYear
No detectable resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate after 6 years of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Viral; Genotype; Hepati

2014
No detectable resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate after 6 years of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Viral; Genotype; Hepati

2014
No detectable resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate after 6 years of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Viral; Genotype; Hepati

2014
No detectable resistance to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate after 6 years of therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Viral; Genotype; Hepati

2014
Long-term efficacy and safety of emtricitabine plus tenofovir DF vs. tenofovir DF monotherapy in adefovir-experienced chronic hepatitis B patients.
    Journal of hepatology, 2014, Volume: 60, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; Deoxycytidine; DNA, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Viral; D

2014
Persistent viremia in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B coinfected patients undergoing long-term tenofovir: virological and clinical implications.
    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2014, Volume: 60, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Coinfection; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Genotype

2014
Use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in highly viremic, hepatitis B mono-infected pregnant women.
    Digestive diseases and sciences, 2014, Volume: 59, Issue:11

    Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Adult; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Female; Hepatitis B; Humans; Infant, Newbo

2014
Five years of treatment with adefovir dipivoxil in Chinese patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B.
    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2012, Volume: 32, Issue:1

    Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Asian People; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Fema

2012
A randomized study of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in treatment-experienced HIV-1 infected adolescents.
    The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2012, Volume: 31, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Anti-HIV Agents; Child; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Viral; Drug Thera

2012
Augmentation of hepatitis B virus-specific cellular immunity with programmed death receptor-1/programmed death receptor-L1 blockade in hepatitis B virus and HIV/hepatitis B virus coinfected patients treated with adefovir.
    AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Antiviral Agents; B7-H1 Antigen; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Double-Blind Method; He

2013
Early virological failure with a combination of tenofovir, didanosine and efavirenz.
    Antiviral therapy, 2005, Volume: 10, Issue:1

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Alkynes; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Benzoxazines;

2005
Clinical and virological response to adefovir dipovixil for lamivudine-resistant HBeAg-negative hepatitis B.
    The new microbiologica, 2005, Volume: 28, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Drug Resis

2005
Efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil in kidney recipients, hemodialysis patients, and patients with renal insufficiency.
    Transplantation, 2005, Oct-27, Volume: 80, Issue:8

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis

2005
Low-dose tenofovir is more potent than adefovir and is effective in controlling HBV viremia in chronic HBeAg-negative hepatitis B.
    World journal of gastroenterology, 2007, Aug-14, Volume: 13, Issue:30

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance, Viral; Fe

2007
Impact of early viral kinetics on T-cell reactivity during antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B.
    Antiviral therapy, 2007, Volume: 12, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Deoxycytidine; DNA, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Comb

2007
A placebo-controlled phase I/II study of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
    Journal of viral hepatitis, 1999, Volume: 6, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hep

1999

Other Studies

73 other studies available for adenine and Viremia

ArticleYear
Use of Tenofovir Diphosphate Levels to Predict Viremia During the Postpartum Period in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A Nested Case-Control Study.
    Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022, 09-14, Volume: 75, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Case-Control Studies; Female; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Organophosphate

2022
[Clinical significance and management strategies of low-level viremia during the treatment of chronic hepatitis B].
    Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology, 2021, Dec-20, Volume: 29, Issue:12

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Tenofovir; Treatment Out

2021
Tenofovir diphosphate in dried blood spots predicts future viremia in persons with HIV taking antiretroviral therapy in South Africa.
    AIDS (London, England), 2022, 06-01, Volume: 36, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Biomarkers; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Medication Adhere

2022
Novel hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations in patients with sustained viremia despite long-term tenofovir treatment.
    Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 2022, Volume: 150-151

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chron

2022
Low-level viraemia and virologic failure among people living with HIV who received maintenance therapy with co-formulated bictegravir, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide versus dolutegravir-based regimens.
    International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2022, Volume: 60, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Amides; Anti-HIV Agents; Emtricitabine; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; Heterocycl

2022
Predicting Factors of Plasma HIV RNA Undetectability after Switching to Co-Formulated Bictegravir, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Alafenamide in Experienced HIV-1 Patients: A Multicenter Study.
    Viruses, 2023, 08-12, Volume: 15, Issue:8

    Topics: Adenine; Emtricitabine; Follow-Up Studies; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; HIV Seropositivi

2023
Switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide for chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viraemia.
    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2021, Volume: 41, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Guanine; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Prospe

2021
Switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide for chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viraemia.
    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2021, Volume: 41, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Guanine; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Prospe

2021
Switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide for chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viraemia.
    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2021, Volume: 41, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Guanine; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Prospe

2021
Switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide for chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level viraemia.
    Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2021, Volume: 41, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Guanine; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Prospe

2021
Cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell immunity and DNAemia in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia undergoing treatment with ibrutinib.
    British journal of haematology, 2021, Volume: 195, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cytomegalo

2021
Predictive Value of Tenofovir Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots for Future Viremia in Persons Living With HIV.
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 2019, 07-19, Volume: 220, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Biomarkers; Female; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Medication A

2019
Tenofovir-based combination therapy for HIV/HBV co-infection: factors associated with a partial HBV virological response in patients with undetectable HIV viraemia.
    AIDS (London, England), 2013, Jun-01, Volume: 27, Issue:9

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Case-Control Studies; Coinfection; Deoxycytidine; DNA, Viral; Drug

2013
Effect of antiretroviral therapy on HIV reservoirs in elite controllers.
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 2013, Nov-01, Volume: 208, Issue:9

    Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Asymptomatic Diseases; CD4-CD8 Ratio; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Deoxycyt

2013
[Outcome of chronic hepatitis B and C in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with immunosuppressive drugs and anti-TNF agents].
    Gastroenterologia y hepatologia, 2014, Volume: 37, Issue:1

    Topics: Adalimumab; Adenine; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antiviral Agents; Azathioprine; Crohn

2014
In vivo blockade of the programmed cell death-1 pathway using soluble recombinant PD-1-Fc enhances CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses but has limited clinical benefit.
    Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013, Dec-15, Volume: 191, Issue:12

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Apoptosis; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocy

2013
Incidence and risk factors for incomplete HBV DNA suppression in HIV/HBV-co-infected patients initiating tenofovir-based therapy.
    Journal of viral hepatitis, 2014, Volume: 21, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Cohort Studies; Coinfection;

2014
Reduction of infectivity in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers among healthcare providers and pregnant women by antiviral therapy.
    Intervirology, 2014, Volume: 57, Issue:3-4

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Female; Guanine; Health Personnel; Hepatitis B e Antigens; He

2014
BCX4430, a novel nucleoside analog, effectively treats yellow fever in a Hamster model.
    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014, Volume: 58, Issue:11

    Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Antibodies, Viral; Anti

2014
Whole-body immunoPET reveals active SIV dynamics in viremic and antiretroviral therapy-treated macaques.
    Nature methods, 2015, Volume: 12, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Copper Radioisotopes; Deoxycytidine; Emtricitabine; Immuno

2015
Variability in long-term hepatitis B virus dynamics under antiviral therapy.
    Journal of theoretical biology, 2016, Feb-21, Volume: 391

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Hu

2016
Efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral compound BCX4430 against Zika virus in cell culture and in a mouse model.
    Antiviral research, 2017, Volume: 137

    Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Brain; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Mal

2017
Drug-susceptible HIV-1 infection despite intermittent fixed-dose combination tenofovir/emtricitabine as prophylaxis is associated with low-level viremia, delayed seroconversion, and an attenuated clinical course.
    Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2008, Oct-01, Volume: 49, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Amino Acid Sequence; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Chemoprevention; Deoxycy

2008
Effect of tenofovir subtraction on HIV plasma viraemia, CD4+ T-cell count and resistance in a patient with baseline K65R and M184V mutations.
    Antiviral therapy, 2008, Volume: 13, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistance

2008
Prolonged use of tenofovir in HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfected individuals does not lead to HBV polymerase mutations and is associated with persistence of lamivudine HBV polymerase mutations.
    HIV medicine, 2009, Volume: 10, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Cross-Sectional Studi

2009
Initiation of antiretroviral therapy 48 hours after infection with simian immunodeficiency virus potently suppresses acute-phase viremia and blocks the massive loss of memory CD4+ T cells but fails to prevent disease.
    Journal of virology, 2009, Volume: 83, Issue:14

    Topics: Adenine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cells, Cultured;

2009
Salvage therapy with tenofovir followed by adefovir maintenance in a cirrhotic patient with a lamivudine resistant HBV flare.
    Le infezioni in medicina, 2009, Volume: 17, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hep

2009
The absence of HIV mutations in cerebrospinal fluid and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during a regimen containing Trizivir plus tenofovir.
    Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy), 2009, Volume: 21, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Cohort Studies; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; HIV Infectio

2009
Tenofovir: new indication. In chronic hepatitis B: beware bone toxicity.
    Prescrire international, 2009, Volume: 18, Issue:101

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; Bone and Bones; Bone Diseases; Double-Blind Method; Drug Approval; Europe

2009
Selection and counterselection of the rtI233V adefovir resistance mutation during antiviral therapy.
    Journal of clinical microbiology, 2010, Volume: 48, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Antiviral Agents; Drug Resistance, Vir

2010
Low-abundance HIV species and their impact on mutational profiles in patients with virological failure on once-daily abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine and tenofovir.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2010, Volume: 65, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Dideoxynuc

2010
Lamivudine-resistance mutations can be selected even at very low levels of hepatitis B viraemia.
    Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 2010, Volume: 42, Issue:12

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Hepatitis B viru

2010
Rapid HIV-RNA decline following addition of raltegravir and tenofovir to ongoing highly active antiretroviral therapy in a woman presenting with high-level HIV viraemia at week 38 of pregnancy.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2010, Volume: 65, Issue:9

    Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Org

2010
More research needed to find new HIV-suppressive functions of cytotoxic T cells.
    Immunotherapy, 2010, Volume: 2, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Combined Modality Therapy; Deoxycytidine; Emtricitabine; HIV Infections; Humans; L

2010
Tenofovir (TDF)-selected or abacavir (ABC)-selected low-frequency HIV type 1 subpopulations during failure with persistent viremia as detected by ultradeep pyrosequencing.
    AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2011, Volume: 27, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Dideoxynucleosides; HIV-1; Humans; Organophosphonates; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Te

2011
Parallel decline of CD8+CD38+ lymphocytes and viremia in treated hepatitis B patients.
    World journal of gastroenterology, 2011, May-07, Volume: 17, Issue:17

    Topics: Adenine; ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1; Adult; CD3 Complex; Female; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Male; Memb

2011
Successful switch to tenofovir after suboptimal response to entecavir in an immunocompromised patient with chronic hepatitis B and without genotypic hepatitis B virus resistance.
    Infection, 2011, Volume: 39, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Antiviral Agents; Bone Marrow; DNA, Viral; Drug Therapy, Combi

2011
HIV-HBV vaccine escape mutant infection with loss of HBV surface antibody and persistent HBV viremia on tenofovir/emtricitabine without antiviral resistance.
    Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 2011, Volume: 52, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; Coinfection; Deoxycytidine; Drug Resistance, Viral; Emtricitabine; Hepati

2011
Predictors of HBeAg status and hepatitis B viraemia in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis B in the HAART era in Brazil.
    BMC infectious diseases, 2011, Sep-20, Volume: 11

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Brazil

2011
Entecavir plus tenofovir combination as rescue therapy in pre-treated chronic hepatitis B patients: an international multicenter cohort study.
    Journal of hepatology, 2012, Volume: 56, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cohort Studies; Drug Resistance, Viral; Drug Therapy, Combin

2012
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus infection by highly viremic pregnant women: a case series.
    Digestive diseases and sciences, 2012, Volume: 57, Issue:9

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Antiviral Agents; Drug Administration Routes; Female; Hepatiti

2012
A highly intensified ART regimen induces long-term viral suppression and restriction of the viral reservoir in a simian AIDS model.
    PLoS pathogens, 2012, Volume: 8, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Cyclohexanes; Darunavir; D

2012
Reduced inflammation and CD4 loss in acute SHIV infection during oral pre-exposure prophylaxis.
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 2012, Sep-01, Volume: 206, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cytoki

2012
Prolonged tenofovir treatment of macaques infected with K65R reverse transcriptase mutants of SIV results in the development of antiviral immune responses that control virus replication after drug withdrawal.
    Retrovirology, 2012, Jul-17, Volume: 9

    Topics: Adenine; Alleles; Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Formation; Antiviral Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte C

2012
Evolution of adefovir-resistant HBV polymerase gene variants after switching to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate monotherapy.
    Antiviral therapy, 2012, Volume: 17, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Drug

2012
Outcome of lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B after up to 5 years of combination therapy with adefovir.
    Antiviral therapy, 2012, Volume: 17, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Dr

2012
Evaluation of single and combination therapies with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine in vitro and in a robust mouse model supporting high levels of hepatitis B virus replication.
    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2012, Volume: 56, Issue:12

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Cell Line; Deoxycytidine; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions;

2012
Antiviral effect of adefovir in combination with a DNA vaccine in the duck hepatitis B virus infection model.
    Journal of hepatology, 2003, Volume: 38, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antiviral Agents; Ducks; Hepadnaviridae Infections; Hepatitis

2003
Use of adefovir in the treatment of the chronic hepatitis B virus infection with resistance to lamivudine.
    Transplantation proceedings, 2003, Volume: 35, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis

2003
Transient early post-inoculation anti-retroviral treatment facilitates controlled infection with sparing of CD4+ T cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues in SIVmac239-infected rhesus macaques, but not resistance to rechallenge.
    Journal of medical primatology, 2003, Volume: 32, Issue:4-5

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; DNA Primers; Gene Products, env; Gene

2003
Highly uneven distribution of tenofovir-selected simian immunodeficiency virus in different anatomical sites of rhesus macaques.
    Journal of virology, 2004, Volume: 78, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; DNA Mutational Analysis; Drug Resistance, Viral; Genotype; Longitudinal Studies; M

2004
CD8+-cell-mediated suppression of virulent simian immunodeficiency virus during tenofovir treatment.
    Journal of virology, 2004, Volume: 78, Issue:10

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Antiviral Agents; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Macaca mulatta; Organophosphonates;

2004
Virologic outcome after switching from a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor to tenofovir in patients with undetectable HIV-1 RNA plasma level.
    Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2004, Jul-01, Volume: 36, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Drug Resistance, Viral; HIV Infecti

2004
Suppression of lamivudine-resistant B-domain mutants by adefovir dipivoxil in the woodchuck hepatitis virus model.
    Antiviral research, 2004, Volume: 63, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Oral; Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Antiviral Agents

2004
Predictors of residual viremia in HIV-infected patients successfully treated with efavirenz and lamivudine plus either tenofovir or stavudine.
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 2005, Apr-01, Volume: 191, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Adult; Alkynes; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Benzoxa

2005
SIV-specific T lymphocyte responses in PBMC and lymphoid tissues of SIV-infected pigtailed macaques during suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy.
    Journal of medical primatology, 2005, Volume: 34, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emtricitabine; Immunity, Cellul

2005
Adherence to trizivir and tenofovir as a simplified salvage regimen is associated with suppression of viraemia and a decreased cholesterol.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2005, Volume: 56, Issue:1

    Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active;

2005
Antiviral effect of oral administration of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in woodchucks with chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection.
    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2005, Volume: 49, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Oral; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hepatiti

2005
Impact of tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy on chronic hepatitis B in a cohort co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2005, Volume: 56, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Cohort Studies; DNA, V

2005
DNA immunization in combination with effective antiretroviral drug therapy controls viral rebound and prevents simian AIDS after treatment is discontinued.
    Virology, 2006, Apr-25, Volume: 348, Issue:1

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Proliferat

2006
Variant of hepatitis B virus with primary resistance to adefovir.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2006, Apr-27, Volume: 354, Issue:17

    Topics: Adenine; Amino Acid Sequence; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Female; Hepatiti

2006
Relationship between antiretrovirals used as part of a cART regimen and CD4 cell count increases in patients with suppressed viremia.
    AIDS (London, England), 2006, May-12, Volume: 20, Issue:8

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female

2006
Nonresponse to adefovir: host or virus dependent?
    Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 2006, Volume: 37, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Female; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Organophosphonates

2006
Administration of fludarabine-loaded autologous red blood cells in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys depletes pSTAT-1-expressing macrophages and delays the rebound of viremia after suspension of antiretroviral therapy.
    Journal of virology, 2006, Volume: 80, Issue:21

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Antiviral Agents; Cercocebus atys; Drug Car

2006
COBAS AmpliPrep-COBAS TaqMan hepatitis B virus (HBV) test: a novel automated real-time PCR assay for quantification of HBV DNA in plasma.
    Journal of clinical microbiology, 2007, Volume: 45, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; Automation; Biopsy; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Hepatitis B Surfa

2007
Induction therapy with enfuvirtide-based highly active antiretroviral therapy in a patient with acute HIV-1 infection.
    AIDS patient care and STDs, 2007, Volume: 21, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Deoxycytidine; Emtricitabine

2007
Sequential emergence and clinical implications of viral mutants with K70E and K65R mutation in reverse transcriptase during prolonged tenofovir monotherapy in rhesus macaques with chronic RT-SHIV infection.
    Retrovirology, 2007, Apr-06, Volume: 4

    Topics: Adenine; Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Disease Mode

2007
Evolution of viral load and changes of polymerase and precore/core promoter sequences in lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus during adefovir therapy.
    Journal of medical virology, 2007, Volume: 79, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Base Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; DNA Primers; DNA, Viral; D

2007
Emergence of hepatitis B virus quasispecies with lower susceptibility to nucleos(t)ide analogues during lamivudine treatment.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2007, Volume: 60, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; DNA, Viral; Drug Resistance, Vi

2007
Short communication: no evidence of occult SHIV infection as demonstrated by CD8+ cell depletion after chemoprophylaxis-induced protection from mucosal infection in rhesus macaques.
    AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2008, Volume: 24, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Antibodies; Antibody Specificity; Antiviral Agents; CD8-Positive

2008
Viral dynamics of primary viremia and antiretroviral therapy in simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
    Journal of virology, 1997, Volume: 71, Issue:10

    Topics: Adenine; AIDS Vaccines; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Kinetics; Lymphocytes; M

1997
Two doses of PMPA protect newborn macaques against oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
    AIDS (London, England), 1998, Jun-18, Volume: 12, Issue:9

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-HIV Agents; Antibodies, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship,

1998
Hybridization-AT-tailing (HybrAT) method for sensitive and strand-specific detection of DNA and RNA.
    Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 1998, Jul-30, Volume: 248, Issue:3

    Topics: Adenine; Base Sequence; DNA; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C Antibodies; Human

1998
Control of SIV rebound through structured treatment interruptions during early infection.
    Science (New York, N.Y.), 2000, Nov-24, Volume: 290, Issue:5496

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD8-

2000
Vaccines. Monkey puzzles.
    Science (New York, N.Y.), 2002, Jun-28, Volume: 296, Issue:5577

    Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adenine; AIDS Vaccines; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Clinical Trial

2002
Transplacental antiretroviral therapy with 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine is embryotoxic in transgenic mice.
    Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 1991, Volume: 4, Issue:9

    Topics: Adenine; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fetal Resorption; Litter Size; Matern

1991
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