adenine has been researched along with Proteinuria in 50 studies
Proteinuria: The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with improved kidney function; however, the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with decreased kidney function and proteinuria." | 9.19 | Changes in proteinuria and albuminuria with initiation of antiretroviral therapy: data from a randomized trial comparing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine versus abacavir/lamivudine. ( Daar, ES; Gupta, SK; Ha, B; Kitch, D; McComsey, GA; Melbourne, K; Sax, PE; Tierney, C; Wyatt, CM, 2014) |
| "Proteinuria was observed in 27% of 153 patients taking tenofovir for more than 1 year." | 7.79 | Tenofovir-associated proteinuria. ( Bartlett, H; Gibson, A; Kelly, MD; Patten, J; Rowling, D, 2013) |
| " Relationships between tenofovir use and proteinuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) outcomes were examined using multivariable logistic regression models." | 7.79 | Tenofovir treatment duration predicts proteinuria in a multiethnic United States Cohort of children and adolescents with perinatal HIV-1 infection. ( Chernoff, MC; Hazra, R; Kopp, JB; Mofenson, LM; Patel, K; Purswani, M; Scott, GB; Seage, GR; Siberry, GK; Van Dyke, RB, 2013) |
| " The use of lamivudine and tenofovir resulted in arrest of proteinuria and stabilisation of renal function." | 7.77 | Hepatitis B virus related membranous glomerulonephritis and proteinuria treated with lamivudine and tenofovir. ( Das, P; Ford, M; Holt, S; Kingdon, E; Vivek, V, 2011) |
| "We have previously reported that the TT genotype of the angiotensinogen gene and the ID/DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene are associated with increased severity of proteinuria in IgA nephropathy in Japanese children." | 7.72 | A-20C angiotensinogen gene polymorphism and proteinuria in childhood IgA nephropathy. ( Aoyagi, N; Iijima, K; Nakanishi, K; Nozu, K; Sako, M; Tanaka, R; Yata, N; Yoshikawa, N, 2004) |
| "To investigate the efficacy, safety, and the tolerability of two dosing regimens of ADV (10 mg daily or 30 mg daily), two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were performed in patients with chronic hepatitis B and compensated liver disease who were not undergoing current treatment and who had evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication." | 6.71 | Renal safety of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies. ( Arterbrun, S; Brosgart, CL; Currie, G; Deray, G; Hadziyannis, SJ; Hulot, JS; Izzedine, H; Launay-Vacher, V; Marcellini, P; Westland, C, 2004) |
| "Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with improved kidney function; however, the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) has been associated with decreased kidney function and proteinuria." | 5.19 | Changes in proteinuria and albuminuria with initiation of antiretroviral therapy: data from a randomized trial comparing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine versus abacavir/lamivudine. ( Daar, ES; Gupta, SK; Ha, B; Kitch, D; McComsey, GA; Melbourne, K; Sax, PE; Tierney, C; Wyatt, CM, 2014) |
| "Proteinuria was observed in 27% of 153 patients taking tenofovir for more than 1 year." | 3.79 | Tenofovir-associated proteinuria. ( Bartlett, H; Gibson, A; Kelly, MD; Patten, J; Rowling, D, 2013) |
| " Relationships between tenofovir use and proteinuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD) outcomes were examined using multivariable logistic regression models." | 3.79 | Tenofovir treatment duration predicts proteinuria in a multiethnic United States Cohort of children and adolescents with perinatal HIV-1 infection. ( Chernoff, MC; Hazra, R; Kopp, JB; Mofenson, LM; Patel, K; Purswani, M; Scott, GB; Seage, GR; Siberry, GK; Van Dyke, RB, 2013) |
| "Cox proportional hazards and marginal structural models evaluated associations between tenofovir and time to first occurrence of proteinuria (two consecutive urine dipstick measurements ≥30 mg/dl), rapid decline in kidney function (≥3 ml/min per 1." | 3.78 | Association of tenofovir exposure with kidney disease risk in HIV infection. ( Choi, AI; Deeks, SG; Estrella, M; Grunfeld, C; Li, Y; Scherzer, R; Shlipak, MG, 2012) |
| " The use of lamivudine and tenofovir resulted in arrest of proteinuria and stabilisation of renal function." | 3.77 | Hepatitis B virus related membranous glomerulonephritis and proteinuria treated with lamivudine and tenofovir. ( Das, P; Ford, M; Holt, S; Kingdon, E; Vivek, V, 2011) |
| "We have previously reported that the TT genotype of the angiotensinogen gene and the ID/DD genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene are associated with increased severity of proteinuria in IgA nephropathy in Japanese children." | 3.72 | A-20C angiotensinogen gene polymorphism and proteinuria in childhood IgA nephropathy. ( Aoyagi, N; Iijima, K; Nakanishi, K; Nozu, K; Sako, M; Tanaka, R; Yata, N; Yoshikawa, N, 2004) |
| "In two randomized, controlled trials, small differences in glomerular filtration rate over time were noted but no clinically relevant renal disease or adverse events were demonstrated in antiretroviral-naive patients treated with TDF through 144 weeks." | 2.73 | The 3-year renal safety of a tenofovir disoproxil fumarate vs. a thymidine analogue-containing regimen in antiretroviral-naive patients. ( Chen, SS; Cheng, AK; DeJesus, E; Enejosa, JV; Gallant, JE; Pozniak, AL; Winston, JA, 2008) |
| "To investigate the efficacy, safety, and the tolerability of two dosing regimens of ADV (10 mg daily or 30 mg daily), two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were performed in patients with chronic hepatitis B and compensated liver disease who were not undergoing current treatment and who had evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication." | 2.71 | Renal safety of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies. ( Arterbrun, S; Brosgart, CL; Currie, G; Deray, G; Hadziyannis, SJ; Hulot, JS; Izzedine, H; Launay-Vacher, V; Marcellini, P; Westland, C, 2004) |
| "Proteinuria is also now recognized as a common finding in individuals living with HIV." | 2.55 | Renal effects of novel antiretroviral drugs. ( Jones, R; Levy, JB; Milburn, J, 2017) |
| "Quercetin-treated model rats had reduced serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), inorganic phosphate, increased urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, increased urine antioxidants, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin (IL)-8 when compared with the untreated model group and the control group." | 1.48 | Quercetin Treatment Improves Renal Function and Protects the Kidney in a Rat Model of Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease. ( Li, R; Liang, YN; Song, Y; Yang, H, 2018) |
| "The long-term use of tenofovir, a commonly used anti-HIV drug, can result in renal damage." | 1.40 | Mitochondrial dysfunction and electron transport chain complex defect in a rat model of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate nephrotoxicity. ( Abraham, P; Isaac, B; Ramamoorthy, H, 2014) |
| "Rosiglitazone (ROG) has been shown to exert beneficial effects on glycemic control and renal protection." | 1.39 | Rosiglitazone alleviates injury in rats with adenine‑induced chronic kidney disease. ( Hu, M; Huang, Y; Lei, Y; Liu, R; Wang, X; Yu, X; Zheng, Z, 2013) |
| "Systemic lupus erythematosus is a polymorphic and multigenic inflammatory autoimmune disease." | 1.38 | Disease progression in MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice is reduced by NCS 613, a specific cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor. ( Bourguignon, JJ; Gazi, L; Keravis, T; Lugnier, C; Monneaux, F; Muller, S; Yougbaré, I, 2012) |
| " Renal biopsy revealed toxic acute tubular necrosis, with distinctive proximal tubular eosinophilic inclusions representing giant mitochondria visible by light microscopy." | 1.36 | Tenofovir nephrotoxicity: acute tubular necrosis with distinctive clinical, pathological, and mitochondrial abnormalities. ( D'Agati, VD; Herlitz, LC; Markowitz, GS; Mohan, S; Radhakrishnan, J; Stokes, MB, 2010) |
| "Despite the recent publication of case reports describing various manifestations of tenofovir-related nephrotoxicity, data regarding the incidence of and risk factors for this adverse effect are currently lacking." | 1.33 | Incidence of and risk factors for tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity: a retrospective cohort study. ( Antoniou, T; Chirhin, S; Gough, K; Govan, V; Loutfy, M; Raboud, J; Rachlis, A; Yoong, D, 2005) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 3 (6.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1 (2.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 13 (26.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 31 (62.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2 (4.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Li, A | 1 |
| Ambruso, SL | 1 |
| Oto, OA | 1 |
| Barry, M | 1 |
| Edelstein, CL | 1 |
| Markóth, C | 1 |
| File, I | 1 |
| Szász, R | 1 |
| Bidiga, L | 1 |
| Balla, J | 1 |
| Mátyus, J | 1 |
| Gallagher, A | 1 |
| Quan, D | 1 |
| Gracey, DM | 1 |
| Yang, H | 1 |
| Song, Y | 1 |
| Liang, YN | 1 |
| Li, R | 1 |
| Lv, Y | 1 |
| Li, X | 1 |
| Liang, S | 1 |
| Liang, D | 1 |
| Xu, F | 1 |
| Zhu, X | 1 |
| Zeng, C | 1 |
| Zheng, F | 1 |
| Tang, D | 1 |
| Xu, H | 1 |
| Xu, Y | 2 |
| Dai, W | 1 |
| Zhang, X | 1 |
| Hong, X | 1 |
| Liu, D | 1 |
| Dai, Y | 1 |
| Cao, Y | 1 |
| Han, Y | 1 |
| Xie, J | 1 |
| Cui, Q | 1 |
| Zhang, L | 2 |
| Li, Y | 3 |
| Song, X | 1 |
| Zhu, T | 1 |
| Li, T | 1 |
| Reynes, J | 2 |
| Cournil, A | 1 |
| Peyriere, H | 2 |
| Psomas, C | 1 |
| Guiller, E | 1 |
| Chatron, M | 1 |
| Cristol, JP | 1 |
| Badiou, S | 1 |
| Huang, Y | 1 |
| Lei, Y | 1 |
| Zheng, Z | 1 |
| Wang, X | 1 |
| Hu, M | 1 |
| Liu, R | 1 |
| Yu, X | 1 |
| Wang, Y | 1 |
| Wei, P | 1 |
| Zhang, H | 1 |
| Liu, C | 1 |
| Ramamoorthy, H | 1 |
| Abraham, P | 1 |
| Isaac, B | 1 |
| Sax, PE | 3 |
| Zolopa, A | 1 |
| Brar, I | 1 |
| Elion, R | 1 |
| Ortiz, R | 1 |
| Post, F | 1 |
| Wang, H | 2 |
| Callebaut, C | 2 |
| Martin, H | 1 |
| Fordyce, MW | 1 |
| McCallister, S | 1 |
| Andrade-Fuentes, K | 1 |
| Mata-Marín, JA | 1 |
| López-De León, JI | 1 |
| Manjarrez-Téllez, B | 1 |
| Ramírez, JL | 1 |
| Gaytan-Martínez, J | 1 |
| Wyatt, CM | 1 |
| Kitch, D | 1 |
| Gupta, SK | 2 |
| Tierney, C | 1 |
| Daar, ES | 1 |
| Ha, B | 1 |
| Melbourne, K | 1 |
| McComsey, GA | 1 |
| Maggi, P | 1 |
| Montinaro, V | 1 |
| Leone, A | 1 |
| Fasano, M | 1 |
| Volpe, A | 1 |
| Bellacosa, C | 1 |
| Grattagliano, V | 1 |
| Coladonato, L | 1 |
| Lapadula, G | 1 |
| Santantonio, T | 1 |
| Angarano, G | 1 |
| Jiang, W | 1 |
| Liu, T | 1 |
| Dong, H | 1 |
| Liu, LQ | 1 |
| Guan, GJ | 1 |
| Liu, XC | 1 |
| Wohl, D | 1 |
| Oka, S | 1 |
| Clumeck, N | 1 |
| Clarke, A | 1 |
| Brinson, C | 2 |
| Stephens, J | 1 |
| Tashima, K | 1 |
| Arribas, JR | 1 |
| Rashbaum, B | 1 |
| Cheret, A | 1 |
| Brunetta, J | 1 |
| Mussini, C | 1 |
| Tebas, P | 1 |
| Cheng, A | 1 |
| Zhong, L | 1 |
| Das, M | 1 |
| Fordyce, M | 1 |
| Milburn, J | 1 |
| Jones, R | 2 |
| Levy, JB | 1 |
| Gallant, JE | 1 |
| Winston, JA | 1 |
| DeJesus, E | 2 |
| Pozniak, AL | 1 |
| Chen, SS | 1 |
| Cheng, AK | 1 |
| Enejosa, JV | 1 |
| Barril Cuadrado, G | 1 |
| de Los Santos Gil, I | 1 |
| Woodward, CL | 1 |
| Hall, AM | 2 |
| Williams, IG | 2 |
| Madge, S | 1 |
| Copas, A | 1 |
| Nair, D | 1 |
| Edwards, SG | 2 |
| Johnson, MA | 1 |
| Connolly, JO | 2 |
| Lapsley, M | 1 |
| Chetty, K | 1 |
| O'Farrell, S | 1 |
| Unwin, RJ | 1 |
| Agarwala, R | 1 |
| Mohan, S | 2 |
| Herlitz, LC | 2 |
| Cheng, JT | 1 |
| Stokes, MB | 1 |
| Radhakrishnan, J | 1 |
| D'Agati, VD | 1 |
| Markowitz, GS | 1 |
| Soler-Palacín, P | 1 |
| Melendo, S | 1 |
| Noguera-Julian, A | 1 |
| Fortuny, C | 1 |
| Navarro, ML | 1 |
| Mellado, MJ | 1 |
| Garcia, L | 1 |
| Uriona, S | 1 |
| Martín-Nalda, A | 1 |
| Figueras, C | 1 |
| Perazella, MA | 1 |
| Shen, C | 1 |
| Mather, KJ | 1 |
| Agarwal, R | 1 |
| Dubé, MP | 1 |
| Keravis, T | 1 |
| Monneaux, F | 1 |
| Yougbaré, I | 1 |
| Gazi, L | 1 |
| Bourguignon, JJ | 1 |
| Muller, S | 1 |
| Lugnier, C | 1 |
| Ando, M | 1 |
| Tsuchiya, K | 1 |
| Nitta, K | 1 |
| Scherzer, R | 1 |
| Estrella, M | 1 |
| Choi, AI | 1 |
| Deeks, SG | 1 |
| Grunfeld, C | 1 |
| Shlipak, MG | 1 |
| Yen, CH | 2 |
| Lin, KC | 1 |
| Leu, S | 2 |
| Sun, CK | 2 |
| Chang, LT | 2 |
| Chai, HT | 1 |
| Chung, SY | 1 |
| Chang, HW | 1 |
| Ko, SF | 1 |
| Chen, YT | 2 |
| Yip, HK | 2 |
| Das, P | 1 |
| Vivek, V | 1 |
| Ford, M | 1 |
| Kingdon, E | 1 |
| Holt, S | 1 |
| Wallace, CG | 1 |
| Lin, YC | 1 |
| Chen, YL | 1 |
| Tsa, TH | 1 |
| Kao, YH | 1 |
| Shao, PL | 1 |
| Hsieh, CY | 1 |
| Kelly, MD | 1 |
| Gibson, A | 1 |
| Bartlett, H | 1 |
| Rowling, D | 1 |
| Patten, J | 1 |
| Calza, L | 1 |
| Trapani, F | 1 |
| Salvadori, C | 1 |
| Magistrelli, E | 1 |
| Manfredi, R | 1 |
| Colangeli, V | 1 |
| Di Bari, MA | 1 |
| Borderi, M | 1 |
| Viale, P | 1 |
| Purswani, M | 1 |
| Patel, K | 1 |
| Kopp, JB | 1 |
| Seage, GR | 1 |
| Chernoff, MC | 1 |
| Hazra, R | 1 |
| Siberry, GK | 1 |
| Mofenson, LM | 1 |
| Scott, GB | 1 |
| Van Dyke, RB | 1 |
| Campo, R | 1 |
| Bredeek, UF | 1 |
| Henry, K | 1 |
| Khanlou, H | 1 |
| Logue, K | 1 |
| Benson, P | 1 |
| Dau, L | 1 |
| White, K | 1 |
| Flaherty, J | 1 |
| Fralich, T | 1 |
| Guyer, B | 1 |
| Piontkowsky, D | 1 |
| Karras, A | 1 |
| Lafaurie, M | 1 |
| Furco, A | 1 |
| Bourgarit, A | 1 |
| Droz, D | 1 |
| Sereni, D | 1 |
| Legendre, C | 1 |
| Martinez, F | 1 |
| Molina, JM | 1 |
| FISHER, ER | 1 |
| KLEIN, HZ | 1 |
| Nakanishi, K | 1 |
| Sako, M | 1 |
| Yata, N | 1 |
| Aoyagi, N | 1 |
| Nozu, K | 1 |
| Tanaka, R | 1 |
| Iijima, K | 1 |
| Yoshikawa, N | 1 |
| Rouanet, I | 1 |
| Daniel, N | 1 |
| de Boever, CM | 1 |
| Mauboussin, JM | 1 |
| Leray, H | 1 |
| Moachon, L | 1 |
| Vincent, D | 1 |
| Salmon-Céron, D | 1 |
| Izzedine, H | 1 |
| Hulot, JS | 1 |
| Launay-Vacher, V | 1 |
| Marcellini, P | 1 |
| Hadziyannis, SJ | 1 |
| Currie, G | 1 |
| Brosgart, CL | 1 |
| Westland, C | 1 |
| Arterbrun, S | 1 |
| Deray, G | 1 |
| Stebbing, J | 1 |
| Nelson, M | 1 |
| Moyle, G | 1 |
| Bower, M | 1 |
| Mandalia, S | 1 |
| Gazzard, B | 1 |
| Mauss, S | 1 |
| Berger, F | 1 |
| Schmutz, G | 1 |
| Antoniou, T | 1 |
| Raboud, J | 1 |
| Chirhin, S | 1 |
| Yoong, D | 1 |
| Govan, V | 1 |
| Gough, K | 1 |
| Rachlis, A | 1 |
| Loutfy, M | 1 |
| Fine, DM | 1 |
| Papaleo, A | 1 |
| Warszawski, J | 1 |
| Salomon, R | 1 |
| Jullien, V | 1 |
| Veber, F | 1 |
| Dechaux, M | 1 |
| Blanche, S | 1 |
| Iwasaki, N | 1 |
| Wasada, T | 1 |
| Takahashi, Y | 1 |
| Babazono, T | 1 |
| Ohgawara, H | 1 |
| Omori, Y | 1 |
| Kaplan, BS | 1 |
| Renaud, L | 1 |
| Drummond, KN | 1 |
| Gang, NF | 1 |
| Trachtenberg, E | 1 |
| Wheatley, PJ | 1 |
| Mautner, W | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Research on the Antiretroviral Therapy and Immune Reconstitution on Chinese HIV/AIDS Patients[NCT00872417] | Phase 4 | 750 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2009-03-31 | Not yet recruiting | ||
| Effects of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Treatment on the Pharmacokinetics and Renal Safety of Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) in Patients With HIV.[NCT03126370] | Phase 4 | 10 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-01-08 | Completed | ||
| Assessing Virologic Success and Metabolic Changes in Patients Switching From a TDF to TAF Containing Antiretroviral Therapy Regimen[NCT03646370] | 110 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2018-07-25 | Completed | |||
| A Phase IIIB, Randomized Trial of Open-Label Efavirenz or Atazanavir With Ritonavir in Combination With Double-Blind Comparison of Emtricitabine/Tenofovir or Abacavir/Lamivudine in Antiretroviral-Naive Subjects[NCT00118898] | Phase 3 | 1,864 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-09-30 | Completed | ||
| A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blinded Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Single Tablet Regimen Versus Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Single Tablet Regimen in[NCT01497899] | Phase 2 | 279 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2011-12-28 | Completed | ||
| A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/ Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in HIV-1 Positive, Antiretroviral Trea[NCT01780506] | Phase 3 | 872 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-12-26 | Completed | ||
| A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in HIV-1 Positive, Antiretroviral Treat[NCT01797445] | Phase 3 | 872 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-03-12 | Completed | ||
| Severe Impairment of Solute-Free Water Clearance in Patients With HIV Infection[NCT01869010] | 30 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2010-01-31 | Completed | |||
| Adolescent Master Protocol[NCT01418014] | 678 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2007-03-31 | Completed | |||
| A Prospective, Randomized, Open Label Phase IV Study to Evaluate the Rationale of Switching From Fixed Dose Abacavir (ABC)/Lamivudine (3TC) to Fixed Dose Tenofovir DF (TDF)/Emtricitabine (FTC) in Virologically Suppressed, HIV-1 Infected Patients Maintaine[NCT00724711] | Phase 4 | 312 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-07-31 | Completed | ||
| Impact of Drug Therapy and Co-Morbidities on the Development of Renal Impairment in HIV-Infected Patients[NCT00551655] | 684 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2007-05-31 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Compare plasma tenofovir AUC0-24 between TAF with boosted PI vs. TDF with boosted PI (Phase 2 vs. 1), and between TAF with boosted PI and LDV/SOF vs. TDF with boosted PI (Phase 3 vs. 1) (NCT03126370)
Timeframe: 12 weeks and 24 weeks and 28 weeks
| Intervention | ng*h/mL (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| TDF With a Boosted PI | 3466 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI | 743 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI and LDV/SOF | 868 |
Compare tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) in dried blood spots (DBS) between TAF with a boosted PI vs. TDF with a boosted PI (Phase 2 vs. 1), and TAF with a boosted PI and LDV/SOF vs. TDF with a boosted PI (Phase 3 vs. 1) (NCT03126370)
Timeframe: 12 weeks and 24 and 28 weeks
| Intervention | fmol/2x7mm punches (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| TDF With a Boosted PI | 36014 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI | 6735 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI and LDV/SOF | 6100 |
Compare tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between TAF with a boosted PI vs. TDF with a boosted PI (Phase 2 vs. 1), and TAF with a boosted PI and LDV/SOF vs. TDF with a boosted PI (Phase 3 vs. 1). (NCT03126370)
Timeframe: 12 weeks, and 24 weeks and 28 weeks
| Intervention | fmol/10^6 cells (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| TDF With a Boosted PI | 83.0 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI | 926 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI and LDV/SOF | 1129 |
Change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (NCT03126370)
Timeframe: 12 weeks, 24 weeks, and 28 weeks
| Intervention | mL/min/1.73 m^2 (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| TDF With a Boosted PI | 86.7 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI | 91.0 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI and LDV/SOF | 88.1 |
Change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and renal biomarkers: Urine protein to creatinine ratio (UPCR) (NCT03126370)
Timeframe: 12 weeks, 24 weeks, and 28 weeks
| Intervention | mg/g (Geometric Mean) |
|---|---|
| TDF With a Boosted PI | 134 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI | 118 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI and LDV/SOF | 97.3 |
Change in renal biomarkers: urinary beta-2 microglobulin (B2M)/creatinine (Cr) ratio, and urinary retinol binding protein (RBP)/Cr ratio (NCT03126370)
Timeframe: 12 weeks, 24 weeks, and 28 weeks
| Intervention | ug/g (Geometric Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| β2M:Cr ratio | RBP:Cr ratio | |
| TAF With a Boosted PI | 224 | 242 |
| TAF With a Boosted PI and LDV/SOF | 178 | 146 |
| TDF With a Boosted PI | 419 | 436 |
Participants were to be followed for 96 weeks after the last enrollment. Accrual was expected to take 96 weeks, thus the planned follow-up time was 96 to 192 weeks, dependent on when in the study the participant enrolled. This outcome summarizes that total amount of actual follow-up in weeks from randomization to last contact. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks
| Intervention | Weeks (Median) |
|---|---|
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 141.4 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 133.3 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 141.6 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 137.3 |
Grade 3/4 safety event is defined as a grade 3 or 4 sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality that is at least one grade higher than at baseline, total bilirubin and creatine kinase (CPK) were excluded. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables. As-treated analysis censored at 1st modification of initially assigned regimen, participants who never started treatment were excluded. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Over all study follow-up while on initially assigned treatment, median follow-up was 120 weeks
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 145 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 182 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 137 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 156 |
Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. Treatment modification was defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 162 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 246 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 157 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 233 |
Treatment modification is defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 152 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 239 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 138 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 216 |
Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 57 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 72 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 57 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 83 |
Emergence of resistant virus was assessed by genotypic testing performed at Stanford University for all participants who met criteria for virologic failure and retrospectively on baseline samples from these participants. Major mutations were defined by International AIDS Society-United States of America (2008), as well as T69D, L74I, G190C/E/Q/T/V for reverse transcriptase and L24I, F53L, I54V/A/T/S, G73C/S/T/A, N88D for protease. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 27 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 41 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 5 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 12 |
Change was calculated as the CD4 count at Week 48 (or at Week 96) minus the baseline CD4 count (mean of pre-entry and entry values). (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | Cells/mm3 (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 163 | 220.5 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 188 | 250.5 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 175 | 251.5 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 177.5 | 250.3 |
Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | mg/dL (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 8 | 9 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 10 | 11 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 5 | 4 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 8 | 7 |
Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | mg/dL (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 14 | 13.5 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 23 | 18 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 8 | 10 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 20 | 18 |
Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | mg/dL (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 22 | 23 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 35 | 33 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 11 | 14 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 30 | 25 |
Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | mg/dL (Median) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 10 | 9 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 15 | 14 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 14 | 11 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 24 | 33 |
Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Grade 3/4 safety event is defined as a grade 3 or 4 sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality that is at least one grade higher than at baseline, total bilirubin and creatine kinase (CPK) were excluded. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables. As-treated analysis censored at 1st modification of initially assigned regimen, participants who never started treatment were excluded. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At week 48 and 96
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 78 | 70 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 64 | 58 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 79 | 73 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 73 | 66 |
Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. Treatment modification was defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At week 48 and 96
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 79 | 70 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 64 | 54 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 80 | 73 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 66 | 57 |
Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Treatment modification is defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At week 48 and 96
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 80 | 73 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 67 | 56 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 86 | 77 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 73 | 62 |
Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At week 48 and 96
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 94 | 90 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 88 | 85 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 92 | 89 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 88 | 83 |
"AIDS-defining illnesses were defined per CDC category C definition. HIV-1 related events were defined per CDC category B definition. Events underwent study chair review for classification. See link below for more details.~http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018871.htm" (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | Participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Death | AIDS-defining illness | HIV-1 relatated event | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 6 | 14 | 56 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 11 | 25 | 61 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 6 | 20 | 57 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 8 | 23 | 63 |
(NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | Participants (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants with RNA data at Week 48 | Number with HIV-1 RNA <200 copies/ml at Week 48 | Number of Participants with RNA data at Week 96 | Number with HIV-1 RNA <200 copies/ml at Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 415 | 398 | 379 | 362 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 400 | 377 | 361 | 342 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 416 | 391 | 384 | 368 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 411 | 372 | 374 | 346 |
(NCT00118898)
Timeframe: At Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | Participants (Number) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants with RNA data at Week 48 | Number with HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml at Week 48 | Number of Participants with RNA data at Week 96 | Number with HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml at Week 96 | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 415 | 372 | 379 | 345 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 400 | 346 | 361 | 328 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 416 | 348 | 384 | 345 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 411 | 322 | 374 | 317 |
Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at visit weeks 16 and 24 , and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks after randomization and before 24 weeks, or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. The 5th percentile for time to virologic failure is the time (in weeks) at which 5% of the participants have experienced virologic failure. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | Weeks (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| 5th percentile time to virologic failure | 10th percentile time to virologic failure | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 36 | 96 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 24 | 36 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 24 | 84 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 24 | 36 |
Grade 3/4 safety event is defined as a grade 3 or 4 sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality that is at least one grade higher than at baseline, total bilirubin and creatine kinase (CPK) were excluded. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: All follow-up while on initially assigned regimen; the median (25th, 75th percentile) follow-up while on initial regimen was 120 (54, 156) weeks and the range was 0 to 205 weeks.
| Intervention | Weeks (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 5th percentile time to a grade 3/4 safety event | 10th percentile time to a grade 3/4 safety event | 25th percentile time to a grade 3/4 safety event | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 2.6 | 7.9 | 59.3 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 1.3 | 2.0 | 16.0 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 3.0 | 8.1 | 81.4 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 1.3 | 3.9 | 44.4 |
Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. Treatment modification was defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | Weeks (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 5th percentile time to regimen failure | 10th percentile time to regimen failure | 25th percentile time to regimen failure | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 4 | 16 | 72 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 4 | 4 | 24 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 4 | 16 | 84 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 4 | 4 | 36 |
Treatment modification is defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution. (NCT00118898)
Timeframe: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details
| Intervention | Weeks (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 5th percentile time to treatment modification | 10th percentile time to treatment modification | 25th percentile time to treatment modification | |
| EFV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 3.4 | 15.0 | 83.7 |
| EFV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 1.4 | 2.1 | 27.4 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, FTC/TDF, and Placebo ABC/3TC | 7.9 | 24.9 | 108.9 |
| RTV-boosted ATV, Placebo FTC/TDF, and ABC/3TC | 1.6 | 5.0 | 43.6 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Week 24 was analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01497899)
Timeframe: Week 24
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 88.4 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 89.7 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Week 48 was analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01497899)
Timeframe: Week 48
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 88.4 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 87.9 |
(NCT01497899)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 24 and 48
| Intervention | cells/uL (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Week 24 | Change at Week 48 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 404 | 165 | 177 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 394 | 179 | 204 |
(NCT01497899)
Timeframe: Baseline; Weeks 24 and 48
| Intervention | log10 copies/mL (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Change at Week 24 | Change at Week 48 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 4.63 | -3.20 | -3.22 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 4.69 | -3.26 | -3.33 |
(NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 144
| Intervention | cells/µL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 323 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 310 |
(NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | cells/µL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 235 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 221 |
(NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | cells/µL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 285 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 271 |
(NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 144
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 0.04 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 0.08 |
(NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 0.08 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 0.11 |
(NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 0.05 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 0.07 |
Hip BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 144
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -0.826 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -3.475 |
Hip BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -0.951 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -3.515 |
Hip BMD was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -0.865 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -3.200 |
Spine BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 144
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -0.809 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -3.023 |
Spine BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -1.337 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -2.956 |
Spine BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -0.907 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -3.053 |
Urine Beta-2-microglobulin is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 144
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -24.6 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 60.4 |
Urine Beta-2-microglobulin is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -32.8 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 18.0 |
Urine Beta-2-microglobulin is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -33.5 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 32.5 |
Urine RBP is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 144
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 37.4 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 106.9 |
Urine RBP is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 11.3 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 75.0 |
Urine RBP is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 6.9 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 51.2 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Week 48 was analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Week 48
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 93.1 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 92.8 |
Grades 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), and 3 (severe) were the highest treatment-emergent postbaseline grades for urine protein using the dipstick method. The worst postbaseline value is presented for each participant. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Up to 144 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 31.3 | 6.0 | 0.2 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 37.1 | 7.0 | 0.2 |
Grades 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), and 3 (severe) were the highest treatment-emergent postbaseline grades for urine protein using the dipstick method. The worst postbaseline value is presented for each participant. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Up to 48 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 25.8 | 4.6 | 0 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 32.3 | 4.9 | 0.2 |
Grades 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), and 3 (severe) were the highest treatment-emergent postbaseline grades for urine protein using the dipstick method. The worst postbaseline value is presented for each participant. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Up to 96 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 28.8 | 5.1 | 0.2 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 33.9 | 5.8 | 0.2 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 20 copies/mL at Weeks 48, 96, and 144 were analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Weeks 48, 96. and 144
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | Week 144 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 86.4 | 84.4 | 84.6 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 87.3 | 83.6 | 80.1 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Weeks 96 and 144 were analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01780506)
Timeframe: Weeks 96 and 144
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 96 | Week 144 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 89.2 | 86.9 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 88.2 | 83.1 |
(NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | cells/µL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 225 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 200 |
(NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | cells/µL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 274 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 260 |
(NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 0.08 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 0.12 |
(NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 0.04 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 0.07 |
Hip BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -0.364 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -3.023 |
Hip BMD was assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -0.420 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -2.603 |
Spine BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -1.278 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -2.759 |
Spine BMD was assessed by DXA scan. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Mean) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -1.017 |
| E/C/F/TDF | -2.516 |
Urine Beta-2-microglobulin is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -29.3 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 32.3 |
Urine Beta-2-microglobulin is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | -31.0 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 35.2 |
Urine RBP is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 96
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 16.9 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 73.7 |
Urine RBP is a renal biomarker which is used to detect drug-induced kidney injury. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline; Week 48
| Intervention | percent change (Median) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 13.3 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 51.7 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Week 48 was analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Week 48
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 91.6 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 88.5 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Week 96 was analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Week 96
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| E/C/F/TAF | 84.0 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 82.3 |
The percentage of participants achieving HIV-1 RNA < 20 copies/mL at Weeks 48 and 96 was analyzed using the snapshot algorithm, which defines a patient's virologic response status using only the viral load at the predefined time point within an allowed window of time, along with study drug discontinuation status. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Weeks 48 and 96
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Week 48 | Week 96 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 82.4 | 78.7 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 80.7 | 76.8 |
Grades 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), and 3 (severe) were the highest treatment-emergent postbaseline grades for urine protein using the dipstick method. The worst postbaseline value is presented for each participant. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 48
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 27.3 | 4.7 | 0 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 31.6 | 4.6 | 0 |
Grades 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), and 3 (severe) were the highest treatment-emergent postbaseline grades for urine protein using the dipstick method. The worst postbaseline value is presented for each participant. (NCT01797445)
Timeframe: Baseline to Week 96
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | |
| E/C/F/TAF | 31.8 | 5.4 | 0 |
| E/C/F/TDF | 36.9 | 5.1 | 0 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | -0.026 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 0.225 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | mL/min (Mean) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | -8.4 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | -4.1 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | mL/min/1.73m^2 (Mean) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | -9.0 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | -3.7 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | 1 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 1 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | -4 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 14 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | cells/microliter (Mean) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | 8 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 34 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | Ratio (Mean) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | -0.1 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | -0.1 |
The percentage of participants with HIV-1 RNA < 200 copies/mL based on TLOVR algorithm at Week 48 was summarized. Participants were considered nonresponders in the TLOVR analysis if they experienced virologic rebound prior to or at Week 48, discontinued study before Week 48, or added a new antiretroviral (ARV) agent prior to completion of the study. Virologic rebound was defined as 2 consecutive HIV-1 RNA values >= 200 copies/mL or the last HIV-1 RNA value >= 200 copies/mL followed by discontinuation from the study. (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | 86.4 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 83.3 |
The percentage of participants with PVR for HIV-1 RNA cutoff at 200 copies/mL at Week 48 was summarized. Pure virologic response was the percentage of subjects who did not have a virologic rebound. Virologic rebound was defined as two consecutive HIV-1 RNA values >= 200 copies/mL or the last HIV-1 RNA value >= 200 copies/mL followed by discontinuation from the study. (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | 99.2 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 97.2 |
The percentage of participants with PVR for HIV-1 RNA cutoff at 50 copies/mL at Week 48 was summarized. Pure virologic response was the proportion of participants who did not have a virologic rebound. Virologic rebound was defined as two consecutive HIV-1 RNA values >= 50 copies/mL or the last HIV-1 RNA value >= 50 copies/mL followed by discontinuation from the study. (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| TVD + PI/r | 93.0 |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 91.1 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | mg/dL (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Cholesterol | LDL (low-density lipoprotein) | HDL (high-density lipoprotein) | Triglycerides | |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | -4 | 2 | 0 | -23 |
| TVD + PI/r | -21 | -6 | -2 | -51 |
Change = Week 48 value minus baseline value (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: Baseline to 48 weeks
| Intervention | pg/mL (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| IL-10 | IL-6 | TNF-alpha | |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | -0.2 | -0.6 | 4.7 |
| TVD + PI/r | 0.0 | -0.2 | 0.0 |
The percentage of participants with HIV-1 RNA < 200 copies/mL at Week 48 was summarized. (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: 48 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| On-Treatment Response Analysis (Missing = Failure) | Snapshot Responder Analysis (Virologic Success) | |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 82.1 | 82.1 |
| TVD + PI/r | 84.4 | 84.4 |
The percentage of participants with HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Week 48 was summarized. (NCT00724711)
Timeframe: 48 weeks
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| TLOVR Responder Analysis | On-Treatment Response Analysis (Missing = Failure) | Snapshot Responder Analysis (Virologic Success) | |
| ABC/3TC + PI/r | 76.3 | 77.6 | 77.6 |
| TVD + PI/r | 77.9 | 79.9 | 79.9 |
4 reviews available for adenine and Proteinuria
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Renal effects of novel antiretroviral drugs.
Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Anti-HIV Agents; Atazanavir Sulfate; Cobicistat; Creatinine; Disease Progression; | 2017 |
[Management of renal toxicity in HIV-positive patients. What to measure, how to measure it and how frequently].
Topics: Adenine; Algorithms; Anti-HIV Agents; beta 2-Microglobulin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cohort Studies | 2008 |
How to manage HIV-infected patients with chronic kidney disease in the HAART era.
Topics: Adenine; Albuminuria; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Black People; Cystatin | 2012 |
Editorial comment: tenofovir nephrotoxicity--vigilance required.
Topics: Adenine; Fanconi Syndrome; Glycosuria; HIV Infections; Humans; Hypokalemia; Hypophosphatemia; Organo | 2005 |
7 trials available for adenine and Proteinuria
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Impact of a tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor-based regimen on renal function in HIV-infected individuals: a prospective, multicenter study.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Creatinine; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; HIV Infections; Hum | 2013 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Tenofovir alafenamide vs. tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in single tablet regimens for initial HIV-1 therapy: a randomized phase 2 study.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Alanine; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte | 2014 |
Changes in proteinuria and albuminuria with initiation of antiretroviral therapy: data from a randomized trial comparing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine versus abacavir/lamivudine.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Albuminuria; Anti-HIV Agents; Deoxycytidine; Dideoxynucleosides; Drug Combinations; | 2014 |
Brief Report: A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, Each Coformulated With Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, and Emtricitabine for Initial HIV-1 Treatment: Week 96 Results.
Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Albuminuria; Anti-HIV Agents; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cobicistat; Doub | 2016 |
Brief Report: A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, Each Coformulated With Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, and Emtricitabine for Initial HIV-1 Treatment: Week 96 Results.
Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Albuminuria; Anti-HIV Agents; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cobicistat; Doub | 2016 |
Brief Report: A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, Each Coformulated With Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, and Emtricitabine for Initial HIV-1 Treatment: Week 96 Results.
Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Albuminuria; Anti-HIV Agents; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cobicistat; Doub | 2016 |
Brief Report: A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, Each Coformulated With Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, and Emtricitabine for Initial HIV-1 Treatment: Week 96 Results.
Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Albuminuria; Anti-HIV Agents; Bone Density; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cobicistat; Doub | 2016 |
The 3-year renal safety of a tenofovir disoproxil fumarate vs. a thymidine analogue-containing regimen in antiretroviral-naive patients.
Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly | 2008 |
SWIFT: prospective 48-week study to evaluate efficacy and safety of switching to emtricitabine/tenofovir from lamivudine/abacavir in virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected patients on a boosted protease inhibitor containing antiretroviral regimen.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Biomarkers; Deo | 2013 |
Renal safety of adefovir dipivoxil in patients with chronic hepatitis B: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Creatinine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glycosuria; Hematuria; He | 2004 |
39 other studies available for adenine and Proteinuria
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
A case report of pre-eclampsia-like endothelial injury in the kidney of an 85-year-old man treated with ibrutinib.
Topics: Adenine; Aged, 80 and over; Endothelial Cells; ErbB Receptors; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoprolifera | 2022 |
Ibrutinib-induced acute kidney injury via interstitial nephritis.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adenine; Aged; Cytokines; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Kidney; Leukemia, Prolymphoc | 2021 |
Improvement in renal function and resolution of proteinuria in an HIV-infected patient switched from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to tenofovir alafenamide.
Topics: Adenine; Alanine; Antiviral Agents; Drug Substitution; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Kidney Diseas | 2017 |
Quercetin Treatment Improves Renal Function and Protects the Kidney in a Rat Model of Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Antioxidants; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblast | 2018 |
The clinical and pathological features of adefovir dipivoxil-related renal impairment
.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Creatinine; Female; Glycosuria; Hematuria; Hepatitis B, Chronic; H | 2019 |
Genomewide analysis of 6-methyladenine DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Blood Sedimentation; Case-Control Studies; Complement C3; Complement C4; DNA Methyla | 2019 |
Tubular and glomerular proteinuria in HIV-infected adults with estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Anti-HIV Agents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; | 2013 |
Rosiglitazone alleviates injury in rats with adenine‑induced chronic kidney disease.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Creatinine; Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Kidney Functio | 2013 |
Inhibition of PI3Kδ improves systemic lupus in mice.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Chemokine CCL2; Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C | 2014 |
Mitochondrial dysfunction and electron transport chain complex defect in a rat model of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate nephrotoxicity.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; Fanconi Syndrome; Kidn | 2014 |
Proximal renal tubular dysfunction related to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients in an HIV clinic in Mexico.
Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Dideoxynucleosid | 2015 |
Bone and kidney toxicity induced by nucleotide analogues in patients affected by HBV-related chronic hepatitis: a longitudinal study.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Bone Diseases; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactio | 2015 |
Relationship Between Serum DNA Replication, Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Hepatitis B Virus-associated Glomerulonephritis with Severe Proteinuria by Lamivudine Plus Adefovir Dipivoxil Combination Therapy.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; DNA Replication; DNA, Viral; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fema | 2015 |
Tenofovir-associated renal and bone toxicity.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Creatinine; Fanconi Syndrome; Female; Glycosuria; HIV Infections; H | 2009 |
Subclinical tubular injury in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional analysis.
Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Adenine; Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Creatinine; Cross- | 2009 |
The case: 41-year-old HIV patient with proteinuria and progressive renal dysfunction. Tenofovir toxicity.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Biopsy; Disease Progression; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidne | 2010 |
Tenofovir nephrotoxicity: acute tubular necrosis with distinctive clinical, pathological, and mitochondrial abnormalities.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Biopsy; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; | 2010 |
Prospective study of renal function in HIV-infected pediatric patients receiving tenofovir-containing HAART regimens.
Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Child; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; K | 2011 |
Tenofovir-induced kidney disease: an acquired renal tubular mitochondriopathy.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adenine; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Drug Administration Schedule; Glycosuria; HI | 2010 |
Neither proteinuria nor albuminuria is associated with endothelial dysfunction in HIV-infected patients without diabetes or hypertension.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Albuminuria; Alkynes; Anti-HIV Agents; Benzoxazines; Brachial Artery; Chi-Square Dis | 2011 |
Disease progression in MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice is reduced by NCS 613, a specific cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitor.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; Disease Progression; Fem | 2012 |
Association of tenofovir exposure with kidney disease risk in HIV infection.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; HIV Infectio | 2012 |
Chronic exposure to environmental contaminant nonylphenol exacerbates adenine-induced chronic renal insufficiency: role of signaling pathways and therapeutic impact of rosuvastatin.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Weight; Creatinine; Cytoprotection; Disease | 2012 |
Hepatitis B virus related membranous glomerulonephritis and proteinuria treated with lamivudine and tenofovir.
Topics: Adenine; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Lamivudine; Male; Organophosp | 2011 |
Continuing exposure to low-dose nonylphenol aggravates adenine-induced chronic renal dysfunction and role of rosuvastatin therapy.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine; Environmental Exposure; Fl | 2012 |
Tenofovir-associated proteinuria.
Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Creatine; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Organophospho | 2013 |
Incidence of renal toxicity in HIV-infected, antiretroviral-naïve patients starting tenofovir/emtricitabine associated with efavirenz, atazanavir/ritonavir, or lopinavir/ritonavir.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Alkynes; Atazanavir Sulfate; Benzoxazines; Cyclopropanes; Deoxycytidine; Emtricitabi | 2013 |
Tenofovir treatment duration predicts proteinuria in a multiethnic United States Cohort of children and adolescents with perinatal HIV-1 infection.
Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Anti-HIV Agents; Black or African American; Child; Cohort Studies; Female; Hisp | 2013 |
Tenofovir-related nephrotoxicity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: three cases of renal failure, Fanconi syndrome, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Topics: Acidosis; Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Creatinine; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic; Drug Monitor | 2003 |
Ultrastructural observations concerning the effect of adenine on aminonucleoside nephrosis with reference to the mechanism of proteinuria.
Topics: Adenine; Nephrosis; Nucleosides; Proteinuria; Puromycin Aminonucleoside | 1963 |
A-20C angiotensinogen gene polymorphism and proteinuria in childhood IgA nephropathy.
Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Angiotensinogen; Asian People; Case-Control Studies; Child; Cytosine; Female; G | 2004 |
Renal tubular dysfunction associated with tenofovir therapy: report of 7 cases.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Body Weight; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glycosuria; Humans; | 2004 |
Renal dysfunction with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens is not observed more frequently: a cohort and case-control study.
Topics: Adenine; Albuminuria; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; C | 2004 |
Antiretroviral therapy with tenofovir is associated with mild renal dysfunction.
Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cystatin C; Cystatins; Glomerular Fil | 2005 |
Incidence of and risk factors for tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity: a retrospective cohort study.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Creatinine; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Hypophosphatemia; Kidne | 2005 |
Increased beta-2 microglobulinuria in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children and adolescents treated with tenofovir.
Topics: Adenine; Adolescent; Adult; beta 2-Microglobulin; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; | 2007 |
Insulin sensitivity in patients with NIDDM and the A-to-G mutation at nucleotide 3,243 of the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene.
Topics: Adenine; Adult; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; C-Peptide; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Family; Female | 1995 |
Effects of aminonucleoside, daunomycin, and adriamycin on carbon oxidation by glomeruli.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Blood Proteins; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Radioisotopes; Daunorubicin; Dose-Response | 1976 |
Glomerular basement membrane damage in aminonucleoside nephrosis as visualized by lanthanum.
Topics: Adenine; Animals; Basement Membrane; Capillaries; Histological Techniques; Kidney Glomerulus; Lantha | 1972 |