Page last updated: 2024-10-16

adenine and Herpes Genitalis

adenine has been researched along with Herpes Genitalis in 21 studies

Herpes Genitalis: Infection of the genitals (GENITALIA) with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS in either the males or the females.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"The anti-HIV and anti-HSV activity of tenofovir and tenofovir DF were assessed in cell and explant models."7.78Intravaginal ring delivery of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for prevention of HIV and herpes simplex virus infection. ( Herold, BC; Huber, AM; Kiser, PF; Mesquita, PM; Rastogi, R; Segarra, TJ; Teller, RS; Torres, NM, 2012)
"Sequential herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolates from AIDS patients receiving foscarnet therapy were evaluated for susceptibility to adefovir."7.71Herpes simplex virus isolates with reduced adefovir susceptibility selected in vivo by foscarnet therapy. ( Bestman-Smith, J; Boivin, G, 2002)
"The anti-HIV and anti-HSV activity of tenofovir and tenofovir DF were assessed in cell and explant models."3.78Intravaginal ring delivery of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for prevention of HIV and herpes simplex virus infection. ( Herold, BC; Huber, AM; Kiser, PF; Mesquita, PM; Rastogi, R; Segarra, TJ; Teller, RS; Torres, NM, 2012)
" Previous studies have demonstrated an increased susceptibility to genital herpes in mice following repeated applications of nonoxynol-9 (N-9)."3.75Susceptibility to genital herpes as a biomarker predictive of increased HIV risk: expansion of a murine model of microbicide safety. ( Cheshenko, N; Fakioglu, E; Herold, BC; Keller, MJ; Mesquita, PM; Wilson, SS, 2009)
"Sequential herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolates from AIDS patients receiving foscarnet therapy were evaluated for susceptibility to adefovir."3.71Herpes simplex virus isolates with reduced adefovir susceptibility selected in vivo by foscarnet therapy. ( Bestman-Smith, J; Boivin, G, 2002)

Research

Studies (21)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's3 (14.29)29.6817
2010's18 (85.71)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Thurman, AR1
Schwartz, JL1
Ravel, J1
Gajer, P1
Marzinke, MA1
Yousefieh, N1
Anderson, SM1
Doncel, GF1
Nixon, B1
Jandl, T1
Teller, RS2
Taneva, E1
Wang, Y1
Nagaraja, U1
Kiser, PF2
Herold, BC3
Terris-Prestholt, F1
Foss, AM1
Cox, AP1
Heise, L1
Meyer-Rath, G1
Delany-Moretlwe, S1
Mertenskoetter, T1
Rees, H1
Vickerman, P1
Watts, CH1
Celum, C1
Morrow, RA1
Donnell, D1
Hong, T1
Hendrix, CW1
Thomas, KK1
Fife, KH1
Nakku-Joloba, E1
Mujugira, A1
Baeten, JM1
Shankar, GN1
Alt, C1
Abdool Karim, SS4
Abdool Karim, Q4
Kharsany, AB1
Baxter, C1
Grobler, AC1
Werner, L1
Kashuba, A1
Mansoor, LE1
Samsunder, N2
Mindel, A1
Gengiah, TN2
Feder, HM1
Agut, H1
Burrel, S1
Boutolleau, D1
Baang, J1
Wilson, SS1
Cheshenko, N1
Fakioglu, E1
Mesquita, PM2
Keller, MJ1
Andrei, G1
Lisco, A1
Vanpouille, C1
Introini, A1
Balestra, E1
van den Oord, J1
Cihlar, T1
Perno, CF1
Snoeck, R1
Margolis, L1
Balzarini, J1
Moss, JA1
Malone, AM1
Smith, TJ1
Kennedy, S1
Kopin, E1
Nguyen, C1
Gilman, J1
Butkyavichene, I1
Vincent, KL1
Motamedi, M1
Friend, DR2
Clark, MR1
Baum, MM1
Rastogi, R1
Segarra, TJ1
Torres, NM1
Huber, AM1
Naranbhai, V2
Altfeld, M2
Ndung'u, T1
Carr, WH2
Durgiah, R1
Sibeko, S1
Vibholm, L1
Reinert, LS1
Søgaard, OS1
Paludan, SR1
Østergaard, L1
Tolstrup, M1
Melchjorsen, J1
Cohen, J1
Bestman-Smith, J1
Boivin, G1

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Phase I One-Month Safety, Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, and Acceptability Study of Intravaginal Rings Releasing Tenofovir and Levonorgestrel or Tenofovir Alone[NCT02235662]Phase 186 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-10-31Completed
Parallel Comparison of Tenofovir and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV-1 Acquisition Within HIV-1 Discordant Couples[NCT00557245]Phase 34,758 participants (Actual)Interventional2008-05-31Completed
Phase IIb Trial to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of the Vaginal Microbicide 1% Tenofovir Gel for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Women in South Africa[NCT00441298]Phase 2889 participants (Actual)Interventional2007-05-31Completed
Phase 1 Safety and Pharmacokinetic Study of Polyurethane Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Vaginal Ring[NCT02006264]Phase 130 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-11-19Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Congenital Abnormalities Among Infants Born to Female Participants Taking Study Drug.

Infant outcomes measured as the number of live-born infants born to female participants taking study drug that had any congenital anomalies. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

InterventionNumber of live-born infants (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)4
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)4
Placebo5

Head Circumference Among Infants Born to Female Participants Taking Study Drug

The slope of the linear model of the growth of infants (head circumference) during the entirety of follow-up. The head circumference of the infant was measured as a z-score, in terms of standard deviations from the age and gender specific median using the World Health Organization growth curve, accounting for skewness. The slope, representing the change over time of the z-score, was calculated using all available z-scores over 12 months and regressing against study month. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: up to 12 months

Interventionz-score difference per study month (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)-0.057
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)-0.005
Placebo-0.079

Incidence of HIV-1 Seroconversion Among HIV-1 Uninfected Participants

The efficacy of once daily PrEP in preventing HIV-1 acquisition among uninfected heterosexuals in HIV-1 discordant partnerships, measured by calculating the HIV incidence per 100 person-years in each of three arms. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

Interventionevents per 100 person years (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)0.65
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)0.50
Placebo1.99

Length Among Infants Born to Female Participants Taking Study Drug

The slope of the linear model of the growth of infants (length) during the entirety of follow-up. The length of the infant was measured as a z-score, in terms of standard deviations from the age and gender specific median using the World Health Organization growth curve, accounting for skewness. The slope, representing the change over time of the z-score, was calculated using all available z-scores over 12 months and regressing against study month. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: up to 12 months

Interventionz-score difference per study month (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)-0.006
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)0.036
Placebo-0.033

Number of Participants With a Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) During Follow-up

"Prevalence of STIs measured as the number of participants with a positive test result for N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, or T. vaginalis during follow-up. Participants were tested for STIs at annual follow-up visits and at intervening visits at which the participant presented with symptoms of an STI. Assessment for symptomatic sexually transmitted infections was conducted quarterly.~N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis testing were by APTIMA Combo 2 (Gen-Probe) or COBAS Amplicor (Roche Diagnostics). T. vaginalis testing was by APTIMA TV TMA (Gen-Probe) or In Pouch TV (Biomed Diagnostics)." (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)102
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)76
Placebo85

Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

Safety of daily TDF or FTC/TDF among HIV-1 uninfected individuals randomized to TDF or FTC/TDF compared to those randomized to placebo measured as the number of participants with Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) during follow-up. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

InterventionParticipants (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)118
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)115
Placebo118

Number of Seroconverters With an HIV-1 Mutation Conferring Resistance to TDF or FTC

"HIV-1 resistance as measured by the number of seroconverters who had an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutation (K65R, K70E, M184I, or M184V) conferring resistance to TDF or FTC. These mutation types were pre-defined. Plasma samples for resistance testing were collected at the visit seroconversion was first detected and again at a visit within 1 month of seroconversion. Mutations detected at either of those visits are reported.~Both seroconverters found to have a resistance mutation had been HIV infected at enrollment (TDF arm: n=1; FTC-TDF arm: n=1)." (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

InterventionParticipants (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)1
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)1
Placebo0

Prevalence of Unprotected Sex During Follow-up

Sexual risk behavior of participants, measured as the percentage of visits when participants reported having unprotected sex during follow-up. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

Interventionpercentage of visits (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)14
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)13
Placebo13

Study Drug Adherence: Total Number of Study Drug Doses Taken of the Total Dispensed Doses.

Adherence to study medication as assessed by pill count at follow-up visits. We assessed the total number of doses taken of the total dispensed doses. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

Interventionpercentage of doses taken of dispensed (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)97
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)97
Placebo97

Weight Among Infants Born to Female Participants Taking Study Drug

The slope of the linear model of the growth of infants (weight) during the entirety of follow-up. The weight of the infant was measured as a z-score, in terms of standard deviations from the age and gender specific median using the World Health Organization growth curve, accounting for skewness. The slope, representing the change over time of the z-score, was calculated using all available z-scores over 12 months and regressing against study month. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: up to 12 months

Interventionz-score difference per study month (Number)
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)-0.021
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)0.009
Placebo-0.056

Study Drug Adherence: Self-reported Missed Doses of Study Drug

Adherence to study drug measured as the percentage of visits when participants reported missing 1) any dose of study drug in the prior month and 2) 2 or more consecutive doses of study drug. (NCT00557245)
Timeframe: Up to 36 months

,,
Interventionpercentage of visits (Number)
Missed any dosesMissed 2+ consecutive doses
Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF)154
Placebo154
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF)154

Grade 1 Genitourinary Events or Higher as Defined by the DAIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events

Grade 1 or higher Genitourinary events as defined by the DAIDS (Division of AIDS) Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events during the trial period judged to be related to study product (NCT02006264)
Timeframe: 14 days of vaginal ring use

InterventionAdverse events (Number)
TDF Intravaginal Ring7
Placebo Intravaginal Ring1

Grade 2 or Higher Adverse Events as Defined by the DAIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events

Grade 2 or higher systemic and local Adverse Events as defined by the Division of Aids (DAIDS) Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events during the trial period (NCT02006264)
Timeframe: 14 days of vaginal ring use

InterventionAdverse events (Number)
TDF Intravaginal Ring2
Placebo Intravaginal Ring0

TFV C-ave in Cervical Tissue

TFV (tenofovir) average concentration (C-ave) in cervical tissue. PK parameters only measured in TDF IVR subjects, not Placebo IVR subjects. (NCT02006264)
Timeframe: before and after 14 days of vaginal ring use

Interventionng/mg (Median)
TDF Intravaginal Ring5.4

TFV-DP C-ave in Cervical Tissue

TFV-DP (tenofovir diphosphate) average concentration (C-ave) in cervical tissue. PK parameters only measured in TDF IVR subjects, not Placebo IVR subjects. (NCT02006264)
Timeframe: before and after 14 days of vaginal ring use

Interventionfmol/mg (Median)
TDF Intravaginal Ring120

TDF and TFV Maximum Concentrations (C-max) in CVF Genital Secretions (ECX and VAG) and TFV Maximum Concentration in Plasma

TDF (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) and TFV (tenofovir) maximum concentrations (C-max) in CVF (Cervicovaginal Fluid) genital secretions (ectocervix (ECX) and vagina (VAG)) and TFV maximum concentration (C-max) in plasma. PK parameters only measured in TDF IVR subjects, not Placebo IVR subjects. (NCT02006264)
Timeframe: 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after ring insertion and 2 and 7 days after ring removal

Interventionng/mL (Median)
C-max CVF VAG TDFC-max CVF ECX TDFC-max CVF VAG TFVC-max CVF ECX TFVC-max Plasma TFV
TDF Intravaginal Ring24000021000091000850001.9

TDF and TFV Time to Maximum Concentrations (T-max) in CVF Genital Secretions (ECX and VAG), and TFV Time to Maximum Concentration in Plasma

TDF (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) and TFV (tenofovir) time to maximum concentrations (T-max) in CVF (Cervicovaginal Fluid) genital secretions (ectocervix (ECX) and vagina (VAG)), and TFV time to maximum concentration in Plasma. PK parameters only measured in TDF IVR subjects, not Placebo IVR subjects. (NCT02006264)
Timeframe: 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after ring insertion and 2 and 7 days after ring removal

Interventionh (Median)
T-max CVF VAG TDFT-max CVF ECX TDFT-max CVF VAG TFVT-max CVF ECX TFVT-max Plasma TFV
TDF Intravaginal Ring6514714

TDF AUC0-14 in CVF Genital Secretions (ECX and VAG), TFV AUC0-14 in CVF Genital Secretions (ECX and VAG), and TFV AUC0-14 in Plasma

TDF (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) AUC0-14 (Area Under the Curve (concentration versus time) days 0-14) in Cervicovaginal Fluid (CVF) genital secretions (ectocervix (ECX) and vagina(VAG)), TFV AUC0-14 in CVF genital secretions (ECX and VAG), and TFV (tenofovir) AUC0-14 in Plasma. PK parameters only measured in TDF IVR subjects, not Placebo IVR subjects. (NCT02006264)
Timeframe: 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after ring insertion and 2 and 7 days after ring removal

Interventionngxd/mL (Median)
AUC0-14 (days 0-14), CVF VAG TDFAUC0-14 (days 0-14), CVF ECX TDFAUC0-14 (days 0-14), CVF VAG TFVAUC0-14 (days 0-14), CVF ECX TFVAUC0-14 (days 0-14), Plasma TFV
TDF Intravaginal Ring2000000130000011000009700009.4

Reviews

1 review available for adenine and Herpes Genitalis

ArticleYear
Drug delivery in multiple indication (multipurpose) prevention technologies: systems to prevent HIV-1 transmission and unintended pregnancies or HSV-2 transmission.
    Expert opinion on drug delivery, 2012, Volume: 9, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Intravaginal; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Biopharmaceutics; Co

2012

Trials

3 trials available for adenine and Herpes Genitalis

ArticleYear
Vaginal microbiota and mucosal pharmacokinetics of tenofovir in healthy women using tenofovir and tenofovir/levonorgestrel vaginal rings.
    PloS one, 2019, Volume: 14, Issue:5

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiviral Agents; Contraceptive Agents, Hormonal; Contraceptive Dev

2019
Daily oral tenofovir and emtricitabine-tenofovir preexposure prophylaxis reduces herpes simplex virus type 2 acquisition among heterosexual HIV-1-uninfected men and women: a subgroup analysis of a randomized trial.
    Annals of internal medicine, 2014, 07-01, Volume: 161, Issue:1

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antiviral Agents; Deoxycytidine; Drug

2014
Tenofovir Gel for the Prevention of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, Aug-06, Volume: 373, Issue:6

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Intravaginal; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gels;

2015

Other Studies

17 other studies available for adenine and Herpes Genitalis

ArticleYear
Vaginally delivered tenofovir disoproxil fumarate provides greater protection than tenofovir against genital herpes in a murine model of efficacy and safety.
    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014, Volume: 58, Issue:2

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Intravaginal; Animals; Antiviral Agents; Contraceptive Devices, Female; Dis

2014
Cost-effectiveness of tenofovir gel in urban South Africa: model projections of HIV impact and threshold product prices.
    BMC infectious diseases, 2014, Jan-09, Volume: 14

    Topics: Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Circumcision, Male; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Female; Forecasting; Herpes Gen

2014
Prophylactic treatment with a novel bioadhesive gel formulation containing aciclovir and tenofovir protects from HSV-2 infection.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2014, Volume: 69, Issue:12

    Topics: Acrylic Resins; Acyclovir; Adenine; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Chlorocebus aethiops; Disease Mo

2014
Tenofovir Gel to Prevent HSV-2 Infection.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, 11-12, Volume: 373, Issue:20

    Topics: Adenine; Female; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Organophosphonates; Reverse Transcr

2015
Tenofovir Gel to Prevent HSV-2 Infection.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, 11-12, Volume: 373, Issue:20

    Topics: Adenine; Female; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Organophosphonates; Reverse Transcr

2015
Tenofovir Gel to Prevent HSV-2 Infection.
    The New England journal of medicine, 2015, 11-12, Volume: 373, Issue:20

    Topics: Adenine; Female; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Organophosphonates; Reverse Transcr

2015
Pericoital application of tenofovir gel reduced risk for herpes simplex virus type 2 in HIV-negative women.
    Annals of internal medicine, 2015, Dec-15, Volume: 163, Issue:12

    Topics: Adenine; Female; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Organophosphonates; Reverse Transcr

2015
Susceptibility to genital herpes as a biomarker predictive of increased HIV risk: expansion of a murine model of microbicide safety.
    Antiviral therapy, 2009, Volume: 14, Issue:8

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Intravaginal; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Biomarkers;

2009
Prevention. Study reveals that vaginal gel reduces HIV, herpes.
    AIDS policy & law, 2010, Volume: 25, Issue:10

    Topics: Adenine; Female; Gels; Herpes Genitalis; HIV Infections; Humans; Organophosphonates; Reverse Transcr

2010
Topical tenofovir, a microbicide effective against HIV, inhibits herpes simplex virus-2 replication.
    Cell host & microbe, 2011, Oct-20, Volume: 10, Issue:4

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Topical; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Cells, Cultured; DNA-Directed DNA

2011
Simultaneous delivery of tenofovir and acyclovir via an intravaginal ring.
    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2012, Volume: 56, Issue:2

    Topics: Acyclovir; Adenine; Administration, Intravaginal; Animals; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiviral Agents; Delaye

2012
Intravaginal ring delivery of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for prevention of HIV and herpes simplex virus infection.
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2012, Volume: 67, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenine; Antiviral Agents; Cell Culture Techniques; Chemoprevention; Contraceptive Devices, Female;

2012
Natural killer cell function in women at high risk for HIV acquisition: insights from a microbicide trial.
    AIDS (London, England), 2012, Sep-10, Volume: 26, Issue:14

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Topical; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Case-Control Studies; CD4-Positive T-Lymph

2012
Innate immune activation enhances hiv acquisition in women, diminishing the effectiveness of tenofovir microbicide gel.
    The Journal of infectious diseases, 2012, Oct-01, Volume: 206, Issue:7

    Topics: Adenine; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Avian Proteins; Case-Control Studies; Coinfection; Cytokines; Disea

2012
Antiviral and immunological effects of tenofovir microbicide in vaginal herpes simplex virus 2 infection.
    AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2012, Volume: 28, Issue:11

    Topics: Adenine; Administration, Topical; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Cells, Cultured;

2012
HIV/AIDS. Prevention cocktails: combining tools to Stop HIV's spread.
    Science (New York, N.Y.), 2005, Aug-12, Volume: 309, Issue:5737

    Topics: Acyclovir; Adenine; Anti-HIV Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Antiviral Agents; Bup

2005
Herpes simplex virus isolates with reduced adefovir susceptibility selected in vivo by foscarnet therapy.
    Journal of medical virology, 2002, Volume: 67, Issue:1

    Topics: Adenine; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-HIV Agents; Foscarnet; Herpes Genitalis; Herpes

2002