acyclovir and Peripheral-Nervous-System-Diseases

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Acyclovir; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Capsaicin; Carbamazepine; Demyelinating Diseases; Ganciclovir; HIV-1; HTLV-I Infections; Humans; Muscular Diseases; Neuritis; Neuromuscular Diseases; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Polyneuropathies; Zidovudine

Topics: Acyclovir; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Encephalitis; Esophagitis; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Fingers; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Herpes Genitalis; Herpes Labialis; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Keratitis, Dendritic; Male; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Recurrence; Respiratory Tract Infections; Stomatitis, Herpetic; Vaccination; Viral Vaccines

We reported on a case involving an older patient with HSV-1 encephalitis who simultaneously experienced the onset of peripheral nerve symptoms associated with the presence of anti-GM3 immunoglobulin G (IgG).. A 77-year-old male was admitted to hospital with high fever, weakness of both lower limbs, and an unstable gait. A CSF test revealed a strikingly increased protein level (1,002 mg/L, normative values: 150-450 mg/L) and MRI revealed hyper-signal lesions in the right temporal lobe, right hippocampus, right insula, and right cingulate gyrus. The CSF was positive for HSV PCR (HSV-1,17870). In addition, the serum samples were positive for CASPR2 antibodies (antibody titer: 1/10) and anti-GM3 immunoglobulin G (IgG) (+). The patient was diagnosed with HSV-1-induced peripheral nerve symptoms that were associated with encephalitis and the presence of anti-GM3 IgG and anti-CASPR2 antibodies. The patient had received included intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous acyclovir, and corticosteroids therapy. At the one-year follow-up examination, he had regained the necessary skills associated with daily life.. Herpes simplex virus infection often induces encephalitis, and reaction to the virus may trigger an autoimmune response. Early diagnosis and treatment can avoid the progression of the disease to include autoimmune encephalitis.

Topics: Acyclovir; Aged; Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex; Herpes Simplex; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases

This is a rare case of Varicella zoster virus (VZV) lumbosacral plexopathy in an 84-year-old women presenting with lower limb weakness and rash. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed enhancement of the left L3-L5 descending nerves and left lumbosacral plexus consistent with inflammatory/infectious aetiology. Cerebrospinal fluid PCR confirmed VZV DNA and cerebrospinal fluid serological testing was positive for VZV immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG antibodies. The patient was treated with intravenous acyclovir but this was complicated by the development of acute renal failure attributed to acyclovir-induced nephropathy, requiring dose adjustment. After a prolonged course of oral acyclovir and inpatient rehabilitation, the patient made a partial neurological and functional recovery.

Topics: Accidental Falls; Acyclovir; Aged, 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Female; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Lower Extremity; Lumbosacral Plexus; Muscle Weakness; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Spinal Cord Compression; Varicella Zoster Virus Infection

Topics: Acyclovir; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cauda Equina; Comorbidity; Female; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Radiculopathy; Sciatica; Syndrome; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Action Potentials; Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Electrodiagnosis; Electromyography; Female; Glucocorticoids; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Median Nerve; Middle Aged; Neural Conduction; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Prednisolone; Radial Nerve

Topics: Acyclovir; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antiviral Agents; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Facial Nerve; Herpes Labialis; Humans; Male; Methylprednisolone; Paralysis; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Trigeminal Nerve

This paper reports on the physical and chemical characteristics of agents isolated from serum samples of patients presenting with epidemic neuropathy. The behaviour of isolated enteroviruses was as described for such viruses. Mild cytopathogenic effects-producing agents behaved in a variable form regarding sensitivity to chloroform; on the other hand they were neither sensitive to phosphonoacetic acid (PAA) nor to guanidine hydrochloride (GHC1) and grew in cells previously treated with bromodeoxyuridine (BDUR). These results suggest the presence of agents resembling enteroviruses and enveloped viruses. Further studies for the characterization of such agents need to be performed.

Topics: Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Bromodeoxyuridine; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Cuba; Disease Outbreaks; Enterovirus; Guanidine; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Optic Neuritis; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Phosphonoacetic Acid; Temperature

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Acyclovir; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cauda Equina; Ganciclovir; Humans; Male; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Syndrome