acyclovir and Laryngeal-Diseases

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the neonatal period may be confined to the eyes, skin and upper aerodigestive tract or may be widely disseminated to other organs, with particular recognition of involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) causing herpes encephalitis (Whitley et al., 1980a, b; Andersen, 1987). Primary laryngeal HSV infection is extremely uncommon. We present a case of acute neonatal stridor secondary to such localized disease and discuss its management.

Topics: Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Epiglottis; Herpesviridae Infections; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Laryngeal Diseases; Male; Respiratory Sounds; Vocal Cords

This report describes the clinical presentation and management of a rare case of herpes simplex virus infection in the larynx of a patient treated with methotrexate.. We report a case of a clinically suspicious laryngeal lesion in an 82-year-old woman who started methotrexate treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. Shortly afterwards she developed dysphonia, which worsened over four months. On microlaryngoscopy, there was bilateral erythema and ulceration of the vocal folds. No other mucocutaneous lesions or systemic features were present. Biopsies revealed herpes simplex virus infection of the vocal folds; there was complete resolution with oral aciclovir. A brief literature review for this rare entity is presented and the diagnostic challenges arising from under-recognition of atypical presentations are discussed.. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a rare complication of herpes simplex virus infection in the context of methotrexate-induced immunosuppression. It may present therapeutic challenges for conditions which rely on immunosuppressive treatments.

Topics: Acyclovir; Aged, 80 and over; Antiviral Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Laryngeal Diseases; Methotrexate

Respiratory papillomatosis affects the larynx in most cases. It is a relatively rare disease, with potentially devastating consequences for the patient. Many studies have proven the viral etiology of the disease. Surgery is the most successful mode of treatment. Adjuvant therapy is used in cases of aggressive disease. The most successful adjuvant drugs are interferon, various virostatics (e.g., acyclovir, valacyclovir, and cidofovir) and indole-3-carbinol. Vaccination with a quadrivalent vaccine against HPV will probably decrease the incidence of respiratory papillomatosis or help in the treatment of the disease in the future. The results of adjuvant therapy of laryngeal papillomatosis at the University Department of ORL & HNS in Ljubljana are comparable to the results in other centers around the world.

Topics: Acyclovir; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Child; Child, Preschool; Cidofovir; Cytosine; Female; Humans; Indoles; Infant; Laryngeal Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Organophosphonates; Papilloma; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Vaccination; Valacyclovir; Valine

The most common presentation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection is unilateral distribution of herpetic eruptions and neuralgia. Laryngeal involvement is considered very rare.

Topics: Acyclovir; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Facial Paralysis; Herpes Zoster; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Male

The goal of this paper is to report an interesting case of laryngeal involvement by herpes virus, showing a morphological aspect very alike to an extense neoplasm of this region. Laryngeal involvement of herpes virus is a clinical infrequent entity, but as its wide onset forms range from a banal laryngitis until a severe airway obstruction, hoarseness or dysphagia, it seems mandatory an accurate differential diagnose to settle a treatment and the effective follow-up.

Topics: Acyclovir; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Male

A 10-day-old infant with stridor was found to have herpes simplex virus type 2 infection of the larynx. The infant's poor clinical response to both acyclovir and foscarnet prompted extensive clinical and virologic evaluations, which revealed acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus.

Topics: Acyclovir; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Foscarnet; Herpes Simplex; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Laryngeal Diseases

Topics: Acyclovir; Deglutition Disorders; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Tracheal Diseases; Tracheal Stenosis