acyclovir and Endophthalmitis

The prognosis of herpetic keratitis has been dramatically improved during the past years because of a better understanding of their physio-pathologic phenomenons, and mostly because of the use of very efficient antiviral drugs. Superficial keratitis are easily cured in most cases; deep stromal keratitis, that often require corticosteroid treatment, are more difficult to heal. Prophylactic treatment of the recurrences by oral antiviral drugs represents a promising new concept for herpetic keratitis.

Topics: Acyclovir; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antiviral Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Contraindications; Corneal Transplantation; Endophthalmitis; France; Humans; Keratitis, Herpetic; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Recurrence; United States

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) was thought to only infect animals. Recent studies have shown that it can also infect human.. We report a case of pseudorabies virus encephalitis and endophthalmitis, diagnosed 89 days after onset, confirmed with intraocular fluid metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) after the result of two cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mNGS tests were negative. Although treatment with intravenous acyclovir, foscarnet sodium, and methylprednisolone improved the symptoms of encephalitis, significant diagnostic delay resulted in permanent visual loss.. This case suggests that pseudorabies virus (PRV) DNA in the intraocular fluid may have a higher positivity than that in the CSF. PRV may persist in the intraocular fluid for an extended period and may thus require extended antiviral therapy. Patients with severe encephalitis and PRV should be examined with the focus on pupil reactivity and light reflex. A fundus examination should be performed in patients with a central nervous system infection, specifically, those in a comatose state, to help reduce eye disability.

Topics: Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Aqueous Humor; Blindness; Delayed Diagnosis; DNA, Viral; Encephalitis, Viral; Endophthalmitis; Foscarnet; Herpesvirus 1, Suid; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Male; Metagenomics; Methylprednisolone; Middle Aged; Pseudorabies

There are different etiologies of neonatal ophthalmia such as viral ones. Among them, the Herpes simplex virus, both type I and II, is particularly relevant due to its potential severity. It is a rare, in frequent entity, but with a high rate of morbidity and mortality without appropriate diagnosis and management.. To describe a case of neonatal ophthalmia caused by Herpes Virus type I, its clinical characteristics, and correct diagnosis.. 8-days old newborn, with no notable history, presenting edema and erythema of eyelids, accompanied by bilateral ocular discharge. Her pes Virus type I infection was diagnosed by PCR, without evidence of disseminated disease or central nervous system involvement. He received full treatment with intravenous Acyclovir with complete clinical improvement.. Herpes Simplex Virus should always be considered as a diffe rential diagnosis in all neonatal ophthalmia. Early and timely diagnosis and treatment are of vital importance.

Topics: Acyclovir; Endophthalmitis; Female; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Simplexvirus

Topics: Acyclovir; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Endophthalmitis; Herpes Simplex; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Humans; Male; Plasma Cells; Retina; Retinal Detachment; Vitreous Body

Topics: Acyclovir; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antigens, CD; Antiviral Agents; Endophthalmitis; Herpes Zoster; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Lymphocytosis; Male; Retina; T-Lymphocytes; Vitrectomy; Vitreous Body

We present the case of a 42-year-old man with AIDS who had lost complete vision of his left eye for the past 15 days. MRI and brightness scan ultrasonography were performed on his eyes that suggested of endophthalmitis with dendritic involvement in the left eye. Viral DNA PCR was performed in aqueous humour sample that confirmed the presence of herpes simplex virus and showed a negative result for cytomegalovirus. The patient was treated with a high dose of oral acyclovir for 10 days and long-term topical acyclovir. Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet procedure was performed to clear up the cornea, and intraocular pressure was controlled with brimonidine and timolol maleate. The patient was diagnosed to have disseminated tuberculosis (tuberculoma of the brain) and was started with antituberculosis therapy. His condition improved significantly after the treatment, and keratitis in cornea started to clean up.

Topics: Acyclovir; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antitubercular Agents; Antiviral Agents; Endophthalmitis; Humans; Keratitis, Herpetic; Male; Tuberculosis

Topics: Acyclovir; Adult; Antiviral Agents; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Endophthalmitis; Ganciclovir; Humans; Injections; Male; Retinitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Vitreous Body