acth-(4-7)--pro-gly-pro- and Hypoxia

Ante- and postnatal hypoxia significantly worsened the postnatal development of animals. The posthypoxic behavioral model included hyperactivity and decreased learning ability, these being typical manifestations of attention deficit disorder. A peptide constellation prevented and significantly improved posthypoxic postnatal development and eliminated the majority of negative behavioral changes.

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Brain; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endorphins; Female; Humans; Hypoxia; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptide Fragments; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone

Ante- and postnatal acute hypoxia significantly aggravated the postnatal development. The posthypoxic behaviour patterns included hyperactivity and training ability inhibition typical for the attention deficit syndrome. A preventive injection of peptide constellation significantly improved the posthypoxic postnatal development and abolished the most of the negative modifications of behavioural patterns.

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Attention; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Endorphins; Female; Hypoxia; Oxygen; Peptide Fragments; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone

A new mixture of tripeptides (NMT: H-Lys-Asp-Glu-OH, H-Asp-Glu-Pro-OH, H-Asp-Glu-Arg-OH) in doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg per day produces clearly pronounced neuroprotective effect in rats with brain ischemia and decreases neurologic deficiency 1.1 times more effectively than reference drug semax. NMT (10, 50 and 150 mg/kg) had marked antihypoxic effect on mice in hermetic and altitude chamber. NMT in doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg was more effective than semax in hermetic chamber (1.3 and 1.5 times, respectively) and in a dose of 150 mg/kg in altitude chamber (1.9 times). NMT (50 and 150 mg/kg) had also marked antiamnesic effect on model amnesia caused by scopolamine in rats and was more effective (1.5 and 1.4 times, respectively) than semax in equal doses. NMT (50 and 150 mg/kg) also had marked antiamnesic effect on model amnesia caused by maximal electroshock and complex extreme factors in mice and in both doses was 4 times more effective than semax on the first model and in a dose of 150 mg/kg was 2.9 times more effective on the second model. NMT (50 mg/kg) increased the amplitude of transcallosal evoked potential in rat brain by 69% and was more effective than semax in equal dose. Thus, NMT is a promising neurotropic drug with neuroprotective, antihypoxic and antiamnesic activity.

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Amnesia; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Electroshock; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Hypoxia; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Oligopeptides; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Scopolamine

Upon single administration, mexidol and semax only in doses of 100 and 0.05 mg/kg, respectively, produced an antihypoxic effect on mice in the altitude chamber and hermetic chamber tests. Preventive course administration of mexidol and semax for 6 days gave significant antihypoxic effect on the model of acute hypobaric hypoxia in mice in doses of 75 and 0.1 mg/kg per day, respectively, in which the same preparations upon single administration were ineffective. Neither mexidol nor semax upon single administration were effective on the models of acute hemic and histotoxic hypoxia. On various models of amnesia (except that induced by the maximal electroshock) in mice, both mexidol and semax exhibited marked antiamnesic effects comparable with that of the reference nootrope drugs piracetam and oxyracetam. Mexidol showed a linear, while semax exhibited a bell-shaped reversible dose-effect relationships. Mexidol and semax inhibited the ortho- and antidromic population response spikes of CA1 pyramidal neurons of survival hippocampal slices in rats. It was estimated that mexidol (in contrast to semax) increased oxygen consumption in rat brain mitochondria and had a linear dose-effect relationship in a concentration range of 1-5 mM. It is concluded that mexidol should be used in high doses (for both single and course administration) for obtaining antihypoxic and antiamnesic effects, while semax requires a thoroughly controlled choice of dosage.

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Amnesia; Animals; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hypoxia; Mice; Mitochondria; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen Consumption; Peptide Fragments; Picolines; Psychotropic Drugs; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors

We studied immediate and delayed changes in ECG in female albino rats subjected to acute hypobaric hypoxia on days 4-5 of pregnancy and evaluated the possibility of correction of hypoxia-produced disturbances with some peptides. Acute hypoxia lengthened the mean RR interval, increased heart rate variability, and decreased the monotony index. Hypoxia induced considerable changes in the structure of ECG that reflected the development of arrhythmias and conduction disturbances. These changes in ECG persisted during the posthypoxic period. Intranasal administration of heptapeptides Semax and beta-casomorphin-7 to pregnant females promoted recovery from acute hypoxia and normalized ECG in the posthypoxic period.

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Atmospheric Pressure; Electrocardiography; Endorphins; Female; Heart Rate; Hypoxia; Myocardium; Peptide Fragments; Pregnancy; Rats

Acute hypobaric hypoxia of pregnant rats led to a significant delay in body weight gain, growth and time of eye opening in newborn rat pups which was paralleled by behavioral changes. Preventive intranasal instillations of peptide mixture (semax and beta-casomorphine-7) to pregnant females prevented the effect of hypoxia on the progeny.

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Endorphins; Female; Fetal Hypoxia; Hypoxia; Male; Maze Learning; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptide Fragments; Pregnancy; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Brain Stem; Catecholamines; FMRFamide; Hemorrhage; Hypoxia; Male; Neuropeptides; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone

Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atmospheric Pressure; Bradycardia; Electrocardiography; Female; Hypoxia; Male; Peptide Fragments; Rats

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Drug Synergism; FMRFamide; Hypoxia; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Peptide Fragments; Posture; Rats; Shock; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone