acteoside and Cardiovascular-Diseases

Inflammation is a biological function which triggered after the mechanical tissue disruption or from the responses by the incidence of physical, chemical or biological negotiator in body. These responses are essential act provided by the immune system during infection and tissue injury to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. Inflammation is a quite complicated process at molecular level with the involvement of several proinflammatory expressions. Several health problems are associated with prolonged inflammation, which effects nearly all major to minor diseases. The molecular and epidemiological studies jagged that the inflammation is closely associated with several disorders with their specific targets. It would be great achievement for human health around the world to overcome on inflammation. Mostly used anti-inflammatory drugs are at high risk of side effects and also expensive. Hence, the plant-based formulations gained a wide acceptance by the public and medical experts to treat it. Due to extensive dispersal, chemical diversity and systematically established biological potentials of natural products have induced renewed awareness as a gifted source for medications. However, today's urgent need to search for cheaper, more potent and safe anti-inflammatory medications to overcome on current situation. The goal of this review to compile an update on inflammation, associated diseases, molecular targets, inflammatory mediators and role of natural products. The entire text concise the involvement of various cytokines in pathogenesis of various human disorders. This assignment discussed about 321 natural products with their promising anti-inflammatory potential discovered during January 2009 to December 2018 with 262 citations.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biological Products; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Inflammation; Neoplasms; Skin Diseases

Verbascoside, a phenolic compound, showed several favorable biological activities, including an antiplatelet activity. No in vivo studies tested its efficacy and safety in subjects with cardiovascular (CV) factors. The aim of this randomized, single-center, double-blind, phase II study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of verbascoside intake for the modulation of platelet aggregation (PA) values in subjects with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. One-hundred subjects with at least one CV risk factor (age >65 years, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, current cigarettes use, hyperlidemia, waist circumference >102 cm in male or >88 cm in female) were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive placebo or verbascoside 50mg or verbascoside 100mg. PA was measured at baseline and after 2 weeks of study drug assumption, with light transmittance aggregometry (arachidonic acid, AA, 1 μM and adenosine diphosphate, ADP, 5 μM). Two weeks of treatment with placebo or verbascoside 50mg did not modify PA values (both after AA and ADP stimuli). On the contrary, after 2 weeks of verbascoside 100mg, PA values decreased significantly (from 51 ± 13% to 39 ± 15%, p<0.01 after AA; from 60 ± 12% to 49 ± 15%, p = 0.01 after ADP). No serious adverse events were reported during the study, and no subjects discontinued the study because of adverse events. We conclude that long-term intake of verbascoside 100mg significantly reduces PA values in subjects with CV risk factors.

Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Aged; Capsules; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glucosides; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phenols; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Platelet Function Tests; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome