acid-phosphatase and Thyroid-Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amylases; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Enzymes; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Isoenzymes; Kidney Diseases; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mathematics; Models, Biological; Organ Specificity; Pregnancy; Thyroid Diseases; Time Factors

Certain similarities in the cytoplasmic structure could indicate a histogenetic affinity between thyrocytes and pigmented macrophages in thyroid glands. On the other hand, the monocytogenic origin of macrophages in other organs in the body contradicts this assumption. We investigated these cells in smears of thyroid aspirates as well as in imprints, frozen sections and paraffin-embedded sections of freshly removed thyroid glands, using several cytochemical reactions and the usual panoptic stains. With the sodium-fluoride-inhibited alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase and tartrate-inhibited acid phosphatase reactions, the pigmented macrophages exhibited enzyme cytochemical patterns corresponding to those of blood monocytes or monocytogenic histiocytes but differing definitely from those of thyrocytes. Furthermore, we observed macrophages that exhibited a clearly monocytoid nuclear form and chromatin pattern in the interstitial space of the thyroid gland. These findings practically exclude a derivation of thyroidal pigmented macrophages from follicular epithelial cells and positively underline their derivation from blood monocytes.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Cysts; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Naphthol AS D Esterase; Phagocytes; Thyroid Diseases

The thyroid gland of homozygous Gunn rats is moderately enlarged and displays a brownish-black discoloration. Light microscopic examination discloses that the follicular cells are filled with brown granules, which are shown, under the electron microscope, to be modified colloid droplets. Most of them possess a strong acid phosphatase and a mild peroxidase activity and contain a melanin-like pigment, according to histochemical analysis. In comparison with normal Wistar rats, Gunn rats possess significantly higher plasma thyroxine and lower triiodothyronine as well as an increased plasma TSH level. The soluble protein content of the thyroid is reduced in the Gunn rat, as is the total intrathyroid iodine content. The hyperthyroxinaemia of homozygous Gunn rats is due to a hereditary deficiency in hepatic glucuronyl transferase activity. The excess circulating thyroxine is of little functional importance because it is firmly bound to plasma proteins. But Gunn rats have a slight hypothyroid goitre for reasons not yet elucidated. The functional as well as morphological data at present available suggest a modified thyroid iodine metabolism and an altered composition of the thyroglobulin which may induce abnormalities in colloid proteolysis. The observed pigment may result from peroxidation of tyrosine. These alterations are probably independent of the sole enzymatic deficiency so far encountered in these animals and may probably be ascribed to a primary enzymatic defect in the thyroid gland itself.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Colloids; Glucuronates; Histocytochemistry; Hyperbilirubinemia; Inclusion Bodies; Iodine; Lysosomes; Male; Peroxidases; Pigmentation Disorders; Pigments, Biological; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Acceleration; Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Atrophy; Dogs; Histocytochemistry; Male; Peroxidases; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Bone Marrow Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Heart Diseases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukocytes; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Thyroid Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Communicable Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Heart Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Leukocytes; Liver Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Mental Disorders; Neurologic Manifestations; Thyroid Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Electron Transport Complex IV; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Monoamine Oxidase; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidases; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland