acid-phosphatase and Testicular-Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; alpha-Fetoproteins; Antigens, Neoplasm; Blood Group Antigens; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid; Peptide Fragments; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Receptors, Steroid; Sialic Acids; Testicular Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Bone and Bones; Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Prognosis; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radionuclide Imaging; Testicular Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; alpha-Fetoproteins; Antigens, Neoplasm; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chromosome Aberrations; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Humans; Immunochemistry; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Kidney Neoplasms; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Cell Surface; Testicular Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urologic Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Blood Group Antigens; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Female; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Male; Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pituitary Hormones; Pregnancy Proteins; Prostatic Neoplasms; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Thyroid Neoplasms

The presence of prostatic differentiation as part of teratoma is very unusual and has been reported less than 20 times in the literature; however, all but 1 case were described in ovarian teratomas. We reviewed 45 specimens of germ cell tumors with teratoma component in postpuberal male patients. Original hematoxylin and eosin review failed to identify glands morphologically consistent with prostatic differentiation. Immunohistochemical stains performed on 10 specimens from 10 patients with small glandular and/or tubular structures revealed 1 case with glands positive for prostatic-specific antigen, prostatic-specific acid phosphatase, and prostein/P501S, whereas high-molecular-weight cytokeratin and p63 highlighted only basal cells. The glands were irregular in size and shape and contained mostly cuboidal to columnar luminal-type cells with occasional basal-type cells. Re-review of all the specimens revealed a second block from the same testis as well as 1 retroperitoneal lymph node with metastatic teratoma in the same patient, also immunohistochemically confirmed. These glands were seen in a smooth muscle stromal background, adjacent to classic gastrointestinal and tracheobronchial teratoma components. Our findings show immunohistochemically confirmed prostatic differentiation in 2 specimens from 1 patient with teratoma. This study raises the possibility that prostatic differentiation, difficult to recognize on morphology alone, might not be that unusual and that immunostains can help detect it over the several different epithelial components of teratoma.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Incidence; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Retrospective Studies; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Young Adult

Ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate is considered to be a rare variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma when compared to the more common acinar adenocarcinoma. We report here a case of ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate in a 68-year old man who presented with complaints of abdominal pain, retention of urine and hematuria of one month duration. Clinical examination showed prostatomegaly. The serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) value was raised to 79ng/mL. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of resected specimen of prostate revealed ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The patient was lost to follow up and presented four years after the initial diagnosis with metastasis to the bone and testis. Though prostatic cancers have the ability for wide spread dissemination, metastasis to testis is rare. Immunohistochemical staining with PSA and Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) can help in establishing prostatic nature of the neoplasm. We are reporting this case because of the rarity of metastasis of prostatic carcinoma to testis and for stressing the need for keeping in mind the possibility of metastatic carcinoma also while dealing with testicular tumors.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Humans; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Choristoma; Humans; Keratins; Male; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Choristoma; Humans; Keratins; Male; Orchiectomy; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms

Acid phosphatases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing orthophosphoric acid esters in an acid medium. Prostatic acid phosphatase has served as a tumor marker for metastatic prostate cancer for many years. We have cloned a new human acid phosphatase gene (named testicular acid phosphatase, ACPT), which is expressed mainly in testis and to a lower extent in the prostate, trachea, and other tissues. This gene maps to chromosome 19q13.4, in an area that harbors many cancer-related genes. The testicular acid phosphatase gene is composed of 11 exons, and the protein is predicted to have a luminal domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. The N-terminal end of the protein encodes a signal peptide. The protein has approximately 50% homology with both the prostatic and the lysosomal acid phosphatases, and the position of the cysteine residues, the N-glycosylation sites, and the histidine catalytic site are conserved among the three proteins. The testicular acid phosphatase gene is up-regulated by androgens and is down-regulated by estrogens in the prostate cancer cell line LNCaP. Our preliminary results indicate that this gene exhibits a lower level of expression in testicular cancer tissues than in their normal counterparts.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alternative Splicing; Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; Chromosome Mapping; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19; Cloning, Molecular; DNA; Exons; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Humans; Introns; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Messenger; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Testicular Neoplasms; Testis; Tissue Distribution; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Tumor markers are antigens which can be associated with certain malignancies. A variety of markers have been demonstrated in genitourinary tumors. The best known examples are human chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for testicular tumors, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostatic specific antigen (PSA) for prostatic cancer. The plasma levels of these substances are influenced by the tumor mass and therefore by the tumor stage. Markedly elevated plasma levels can be demonstrated when metastases are present, although a few patients without metastases may elaborate abnormal amount of markers. The removal of the primary tumor leads to a fall to normal levels: a still increased level indicates residual primary tumor or the presence of metastases. Measurements of markers are also of value in estimating the effects of medical treatment and in detecting local or distant recurrences.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; alpha-Fetoproteins; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms

A case of epididymal metastasis from prostatic carcinoma is presented. The initial histologic findings were suggestive of adenomatoid tumor, but a diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma of prostatic origin has been established by prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen immunoperoxidase staining.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Epididymis; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Black People; Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Prostatic Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms

Priapism, the persistent painful erection unrelated to sexual stimuli, is called malignant whenever the priapism is due to metastases. A new case of malignant priapism, secondary to metastases of prostatic carcinoma is presented. As usual, survival was poor--our patient died 3 months after diagnosis was established.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Penile Neoplasms; Priapism; Testicular Neoplasms

Since 1976, we have transplanted 82 urological neoplasms into nude mice, 46 of which (56%) took. Thirty five of them (43% of the total tumors) are being serially transplanted. This rate of success seems to be better than that obtained at other institutes for both neoplasms of urogenital as well as other tissue origin. The explants basically retained the original characteristics of the native tumors not only in histological pattern but also in tumor markers, even after a long term period of heterotransplantation. However, the histological features of some tumor lines seemed to be reduced. A certain cell population was lost during repeated transplantations. Such a clonal selection may have resulted from the outgrowth of the cell population capable of adapting to the transplanted environment. Nevertheless heterotransplantation experiments in nude mice are one of the most valuable tools in various cancer research including that in the urological field since a rather high percentage of urologic malignancies take while retaining their original characteristics for a long time.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; alpha-Fetoproteins; Animals; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Dysgerminoma; Female; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Prostatic Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms; Transplantation, Heterologous; Ureteral Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms

The haemoglobin-F levels and F-cell numbers were assessed in 19 patients with different urogenital cancers. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta HCG), total and prostatic acid phosphatase levels were also measured. HbF levels were found to be elevated in patients with testicular and prostatic cancer. No significant correlation was observed between HbF, AFP and beta HCG levels. The findings suggest that HbF production could be enhanced in patients with testicular and prostatic carcinomas and might be a useful marker to the disease activity.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; alpha-Fetoproteins; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; Fetal Hemoglobin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Peptide Fragments; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Tumor marker for tumors in urology has been widely used to testicular and prostatic tumors. A part of testicular tumor produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and HCG, thus these markers can not be used for early detection of disease. However, they are very useful in typing testicular tumor, and in monitoring a course of disease which produces them. beta-HCG seems to be more specific than HCG. In case of prostatic cancer, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) assayed immunochemically is sensitive and specific marker. Prostate antigen seems to be another excellent marker for this tumor, and this is well correlated with PAP. In reactivated case, tissue polypeptide antigen was elevated, suggesting use of this marker.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; alpha-Fetoproteins; Antigens, Neoplasm; Choriocarcinoma; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dysgerminoma; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Middle Aged; Peptides; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Tissue Polypeptide Antigen

Acid phosphatase activities were measured with five different substrates after fractionation with Sepharose 6B and DE-52 cellulose chromatography of homogenate from normal adult dog testis and a testicular tumor. The tumor showed a positive 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase reaction and was diagnosed as a Leydig cell adenoma. The fractionations gave three separate enzyme activities in the normal testis and two enzymes in the tumor. All were sensitive to sodium fluoride, but differed from each other in pH-optima and the response to Co2+ and Zn2+. Enzymes I and II were identical in both tissues. The latter with a smaller molecular weight was activated by Zn2+ but not by Co2+ and had slightly higher pH-optimum (4.5) than enzyme I (optimum at pH 3.5). The third enzyme was activated by Co2+ and Zn2+ and had the highest pH-optimum (pH 5.5). It was called enzyme IV due to its resemblance to a similar activity in other mammalian species.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cobalt; Dogs; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isoenzymes; Leydig Cell Tumor; Male; Nitrophenols; Organophosphorus Compounds; Sodium Fluoride; Testicular Neoplasms; Testis; Zinc

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; alpha-Fetoproteins; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Palpation; Prostatic Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms; Time Factors; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Breast Neoplasms; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Dysgerminoma; Female; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymphoma; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Osteosarcoma; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; alpha 1-Antitrypsin; alpha-Fetoproteins; Antibodies, Neoplasm; Antigens, Neoplasm; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Erythropoietin; Estrone; Female; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Inclusion Bodies, Viral; Isoenzymes; Kidney Neoplasms; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Placental Lactogen; Polyamines; Prostatic Neoplasms; Receptors, Cell Surface; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Testicular Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urologic Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; alpha-Fetoproteins; Animals; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Child; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Dogs; Genital Diseases, Male; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Infant; Infertility, Male; Male; Middle Aged; Prostatic Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms; Testis; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urologic Diseases

During the past several years the development of radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemical techniques to detect small amounts of marker in the sera and cancer cells of cancer patients has made a significant impact on the diagnosis and management of certain cancers. Among these markers alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein have been useful in the staging, detection of recurrence, prognosis, and management of testicular cancer. In this article the recent developments and future perspectives concerning these and other newer markers are discussed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; alpha-Fetoproteins; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Dysgerminoma; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Prognosis; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radioimmunoassay; Receptors, Steroid; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Enzyme histochemical study of an adenomatoid tumor of the epididymis revealed an enzyme pattern identical to that of the rete testis. Histogenesis from the same primordium may be suggested.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adult; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Amylases; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Male; NAD; Nucleotidases; Oxidoreductases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Teratoma; Testicular Neoplasms

A patient with ectopic pinealoma first presented with apparent anorexia nervosa and hypernatraemic coma. A history of diabetes insipidus two months previously was not known on admission to hospital. The diabetes insipidus was unmasked by the administration of steroids. Neuroendocrinal and neuropathological aspects of the case are discussed with reference to the march of symptoms due to the growth of the tumour. Histochemical evidence is presented supporting the similarity between ectopic pinealoma and seminoma which suggests that they may more properly be referred to as atypical teratomas.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anorexia Nervosa; Brain Neoplasms; Coma; Diabetes Insipidus; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Dysgerminoma; Electron Transport Complex IV; Esterases; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypernatremia; Hypothalamus; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Oxidoreductases; Pinealoma; Sodium; Testicular Neoplasms; Thyroxine; Tuberculosis; Vasopressins

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Neoplasms; Bronchial Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Esterases; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocytes; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Melanoma; Neoplasms; Peroxidases; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Rectal Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Staining and Labeling; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Culture Media; Culture Techniques; Esterases; Fibroblasts; Lymphocytes; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; Neoplasms, Experimental; Phagocytosis; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Amylases; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Breast Neoplasms; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Colonic Neoplasms; D-Alanine Transaminase; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lipase; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Coloring Agents; Dysgerminoma; Female; Humans; Male; Ovarian Neoplasms; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Seminoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Testis