acid-phosphatase and Spondylitis--Ankylosing

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of spine and sacroiliac joints; it is characterized by new bone formation, and the disease processes can be accompanied by osteoporosis. In the present study, we investigated changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and in the levels of various bone turnover-related biomarkers and cytokines in a cohort of AS patients, with regard to clinical parameters, disease activity, and treatment regimen.. 55 AS patients and 33 healthy controls included in the study. Spinal mobility was assessed by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), and radiologic changes were scored by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiologic Index (BASRI). Patients were also evaluated with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). Bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Various biomarkers and cytokines of bone turnover including osteoprotegerin (OPG), serum band 5 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP-5), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (sRANKL), secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (sFRP-1), Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1), and sclerostin were studied.. The levels of TRAP-5, NTX, sRANKL, sclerostin, sFRP-1, DKK-1, and IFNγ, were similar between the patients and controls (p > 0.05), while BMD of femoral neck, and OPG levels were significantly lower in AS patients (p < 0.05). In a subgroup analysis, patients with active disease had significantly higher concentrations of OPG compared with the inactive group. Rest of the biomarkers and cytokines of bone turnover were similar between the active and inactive disease groups. Subgroup analysis of patients receiving anti-TNFα agents and conventional therapy revealed that OPG concentrations were significantly lower in the patients receiving biological drugs, while BAP and DKK-1 were significantly higher in the patients treated with conventional agents.. In this cross-sectional study we showed that OPG levels were significantly lower in AS patients compared to healthy subjects. On the other hand, the levels of wingless (Wnt) signal pathway inhibitors seem not altered. Ectopic bone formation in AS may be related to dysfunction of these molecules at the cellular level.

Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Acid Phosphatase; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Adult; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; Biomarkers; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone Density; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; Bone Remodeling; Case-Control Studies; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Female; Femur Neck; Genetic Markers; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Isoenzymes; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoprotegerin; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; RANK Ligand; Severity of Illness Index; Spine; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Young Adult

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Biomarkers; Bone Resorption; Female; Humans; Isoenzymes; Male; Middle Aged; Severity of Illness Index; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

This paper describes a morphologic, quantitative, cytochemical study of mononuclear non lymphoid cells in knee synovial fluid in osteoarthritis and various arthritides. Morphologic criteria allow to identify among these cells various synoviocytic and monocytic subtypes with in both types, phagocytic subtypes. Quantitative study shows in arthritides an important afflux of monocytes and a hyperexfoliation of synoviocytes. In fluids with intermediate cellularity, Monocytes/Synoviocytes ratio allows the differential cytodiagnosis between osteoarthrosis and arthritis. All monocytic subtypes and especially the phagocytic one are highly significantly increased in arthritides. Synoviocytic subtypes show a lower increase, except the phagocytic one, which is not changed. Giant multinuclear synoviocytes are found in every type of disease and cannot constitute a cytodiagnosis marker. Alcian Blue and hyaluronidase treatment show hyaluronate in a few percentage of Synoviocytes. Cytoenzymologic study shows that synoviocytes and monocytes are positive in all tested hydrolases: beta Glucuronidase, Acid Phosphatase, alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase, these activities being always higher in synoviocytes. With peroxidase, synoviocytes are always negative, so this reaction although it marks only a minority of monocytic population can be used as an extra cytologic criterion for discrimination of mononuclear cells in synovial fluid. In these four enzymes there is no significant quantitative difference at cellular level between osteoarthrosis and arthritides. Lysosomal enzymatic activity in both monocytic and synoviocytic cells confirms their heterophagic properties. However synoviocytic heterophagy seems to be a physiological process not or few affected by inflammatory events. On the opposite, monocytic heterophagy and then macrophagic transformation of monocytes appears as a major aspect of intrasynovial inflammatory reaction. If a large majority of exfoliated synoviocytes comes from A type synovial lining cells and if they belong to Mononuclear Phagocyte System, why do they so weakly, or not, participate as phagocytes to inflammatory reaction.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Arthritis, Reactive; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chondrocalcinosis; Glucuronidase; Gout; Humans; Joint Diseases; Knee Joint; Naphthol AS D Esterase; Peroxidases; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Synovial Fluid

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin D; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Leukocyte Count; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Nucleotidases; Osteoarthritis; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Synovial Fluid

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Arthritis; Cartilage; Cathepsins; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Glutathione Reductase; Humans; Joints; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Muramidase; Pyruvate Kinase; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Synovial Fluid