acid-phosphatase and Skin-Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunochemistry; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Naphthol AS D Esterase; Protease Inhibitors; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Anemia, Aplastic; Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase; Female; Hematologic Diseases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Leukemia, Hairy Cell; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphoma; Male; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Skin Neoplasms; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cathepsins; Chediak-Higashi Syndrome; Fabry Disease; Inflammation; Keratins; Langerhans Cells; Light; Lysosomes; Melanophores; Microscopy, Electron; Peptide Hydrolases; Phagocytosis; Pigmentation; Protease Inhibitors; Sebaceous Glands; Skin; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Vitamin A

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Glucosyltransferases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Microscopy, Electron; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinogens; Cell Membrane; Croton Oil; Dactinomycin; Glucuronidase; Lysosomes; Mice; Mutagens; Skin Neoplasms

With the exception of skin cancer, prostatic adenocarcinoma represents the most common cancer among men in the United States and the second most common cause of cancer mortality. Mortality is often associated with metastatic disease, which in the case of prostatic adenocarcinoma typically involves bones and only rarely affects the skin. Although clinical history and examination, laboratory tests and routine pathology can suggest the prostate as a source of metastatic disease, immunohistochemistry - specifically, for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) - is often used to help establish the diagnosis. We report a case of cutaneous metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma presenting in the inguinal region of a 78-year-old man 5 years after his initial diagnosis. The case is unusual in that the clinical appearance mimicked a vascular proliferation and in that the metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma failed to express PSA. Rather, expression of prostatic acid phosphatase was observed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Skin Neoplasms; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

Clinical and genomic evidence suggests that the metastatic potential of a primary tumor may be dictated by prometastatic events that have additional oncogenic capability. To test this "deterministic" hypothesis, we adopted a comparative oncogenomics-guided function-based strategy involving: (1) comparison of global transcriptomes of two genetically engineered mouse models with contrasting metastatic potential, (2) genomic and transcriptomic profiles of human melanoma, (3) functional genetic screen for enhancers of cell invasion, and (4) evidence of expression selection in human melanoma tissues. This integrated effort identified six genes that are potently proinvasive and oncogenic. Furthermore, we show that one such gene, ACP5, confers spontaneous metastasis in vivo, engages a key pathway governing metastasis, and is prognostic in human primary melanomas.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cell Lineage; Conserved Sequence; Evolution, Molecular; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Genome; Humans; Isoenzymes; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Melanoma; Mice; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Oncogenes; Phosphorylation; Reproducibility of Results; Skin Neoplasms; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Tissue Array Analysis

Quercetin (QC) (5, 7, 3', 4' -tetra oxyflavonolol) is an ubiquitous flavonoid in many plants. The influence of QC on the growth of B16 melanotic melanoma in C57BL/6 mice and activity of some acid hydrolases in the tumor homogenates were investigated. Two series of experiments were carried out: In the first experimental group mice were inoculated s.c. with 10(6) of tumor cells (TC) suspended in 1 ml of saline. TC were obtained from the current serial passages. In the second series of experimental group mice were inoculated with melanoma cells preincubated 15 min. in different concentrations of QC. Mice of both series were divided into three subgroups. Mice of the first series were treated with QC i.p. every second day in a dose of 0.1 mg, 0.5 mg or 1.0 mg (total dose of 1.0 mg, 5.0 mg or 10.0 mg per mice). Animals of the second series did not obtain any treatment. After the nineteenth day of experiment the mice were killed, tumors excised and weighed. Tumor tissue pieces were homogenized for enzyme activity determination. Fragments of tumor tissue were taken for electron microscopy (EM) investigation. In mice injected i.p. with QC mean tumor weight was significantly higher than in control I. The mean tumor weight in the first experimental group was higher than in control from 170% to 196% and in the second experimental group from 69% to 147%. Enzymes activity was also higher in both experimental groups as compared to controls. Arylsulphatase activity in the first group was higher from 102% to 144% and in the second one - from 97% to 115% than in control I. Acid phosphatase activity was higher from 100% to 155% in the first experimental group and from 56% to 161% in the second one. Cathepsin D activity was greater from 133% to 333% and from 113% to 300%, respectively. EM studies revealed the presence of greater number of Golgi structures and primary lysosomes in experimental groups of tumors (mice treated with QC and mice with melanoma preincubated in QC). These results clearly indicate that QC significantly enhances melanotic melanoma growth and increases acid phosphatase and cathepsin D activity in these tumors. The mechanism of QC action on the melanotic melanoma is not fully understood and remains to be defined.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Arylsulfatases; Cathepsin D; Cell Division; Disease Progression; Male; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Quercetin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Carcinoma, Endometrioid; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms

Samples of tissue from malignant fibrous histiocytoma of rats induced by subcutaneous injection of paraffin pill-enclosed DMBA were studied for localization of acid phosphatase and non-specific esterases (15 samples) and cell ultrastructure (10). Tumours showed cellular heterogeneity consisting of 5 types of cells: histiocyte-like, fibroblast-like, giant multinuclear xanthomatous and undifferentiated. Acid phosphatase and non-specific esterases were found both in histiocyte-like and fibroblast-like cells which means that those enzymes are not the specific markers of tumors arising from monocytic-macrophagal system. Histochemical and ultrastructural features of experimental malignant fibrous histiocytoma were similar to those of its human analogue.

Topics: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Esterases; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Histocytochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Skin Neoplasms

Prostatic carcinoma accounts for about 1% of all cancers that metastasize to the skin. The regions most frequently involved are the genital region, the head and the trunk. Clinically the lesions present as nodules; less often diffuse infiltrates, red macules and papules or tumors of an angiomatous appearance occur. Histopathological examination of skin biopsy specimens can reveal gland-like, epithelial or anaplastic differentiation of tumor cells. Prostatic origin can be proven by the immunohistological demonstration of acid prostatic phosphatase or prostatic specific antigen in paraffin-embedded specimens taken for routine histological examination.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Prostatic Neoplasms; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

1. The interactions of B16-F1 and B16-F10 tumors with their surrounding tissues in terms of enzyme activities such as cathepsin B, hemoglobin(Hb)-hydrolase, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and plasminogen activator were investigated when said tumors proliferated locally and at secondary sites throughout the host's circulatory system. 2. In the case of B16-F1 and B16-F10 tumor cells proliferating under the skin, statistical differences were not detected between the enzyme activities of the skin surrounding the tumors and control skin, nor between B16-F1 and B16-F10 tumors, except for beta-glucuronidase. 3. In the case of B16-F1 and B16-F10 tumor cells metastasizing to lung, statistical differences were detected between numerous enzyme activities of the lung tissues surrounding the tumors and control lung tissue, and also between B16-F1 and B16-F10 tumors. 4. The activities of cathepsin B and acid phosphatase of lung tissue surrounding B16-F1 tumor were lower than those of the control lung. 5. beta-Glucuronidase activity of lung tissue surrounding B16-F10 tumor was higher than that of the control lung. 6. The activities of cathepsin B, Hb-hydrolase and beta-glucuronidase of the B16-F10 tumor were higher than those of the B16-F1 tumor. 7. Results indicate that metastasized B16 melanoma tumor cells interact with surrounding lung tissues, and that cathepsin B, Hb-hydrolase and beta-glucuronidase might play important roles in the metastasis of the malignant tumor.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cathepsin B; DNA, Neoplasm; Glucuronidase; Lung Neoplasms; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Peptide Hydrolases; Plasminogen Activators; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Dermatitis, Exfoliative; Esterases; Glucuronidase; Glycogen; Humans; Lymphocytes; Microscopy, Electron; Mycosis Fungoides; Reticulocytes; Sezary Syndrome; Skin Neoplasms

A histochemical study of alpha-D-mannosidase revealed that normal human melanocytes (resting state, activated, lentigo simplex) exhibit either no or just detectable activity, as do melanocytes in the initial phase of lentigo maligna. Junctional, or occasionally zone A naevocytes displayed a very low enzyme activity. On the other hand, melanocytes in the initial stage of neoplastic transformation (dysplastic naevi, advanced stage of lentigo maligna) and also melanoma cells in disorders of low malignant potential (initial naevogenic melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma) displayed a high activity uniformly throughout the cell population. In the malignant forms (nodular melanoma, recurrences, metastases), the enzyme activity was remarkably heterogeneous, suggesting a breakdown of uniformity during malignant transformation. The significance of alpha-mannosidase activity induction in the course of melanocyte neoplastic transformation is not clear at present. The results of biochemical assays suggest that the lysosomal isoenzyme is mainly responsible. Other lysosomal enzymes, and dehydrogenases studied concomitantly, did not display any comparable phenomena of induction or similar behaviour. However, the results of a comparison of alpha-mannosidase with the melanocyte reference enzyme tyrosinase suggested activity patterns in the enzyme pair which may provide a better insight into the biochemical differentiation of human melanocytes in neoplastic disorders. The possible relationship of alpha-mannosidase to melanogenesis is also discussed.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; alpha-Mannosidase; Carboxylesterase; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Mannosidases; Melanoma; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Nevus, Pigmented; Oxidoreductases; Skin Neoplasms

A slow-growing tumor on the dorsum of the right foot of a 25-year-old female had features that corresponded to papillary eccrine adenoma. The grouping of this entity under the term "tubular apocrine adenoma" in a recent edition of a textbook led to further study of this case in the form of enzyme histochemistry and electron microscopy. The tumor was positive for amylophosphorylase and negative for acid phosphatase, and on electron microscopy showed complex intercellular membrane interdigitation and a possible intercellular canaliculus. No features of apocrine differentiation were found, and we feel that this tumor is distinctly eccrine in its differentiation. The similarity of these two ostensibly separate entities, and the opinion of some authors that intermediate differentiation may be possible in adnexal tumors, would favor them being grouped under the single term of "tubulopapillary hidradenoma," with apocrine or eccrine differentiation as the case may be.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Cystadenoma; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Phosphorylases; Skin Neoplasms

The reactivity of lysosomal enzymes in 17 fibrohistiocytic tumors were examined histochemically to evaluate the histiocytic nature of the tumors. The lysosomal enzymes examined were acid phosphatase (Ac-P), non-specific esterase (NS-E), beta-glucuronidase (beta-GL), and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (N-GA). The tumors examined were eight malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH) (i.e., five common types, two myxoid types, and one inflammatory type), one atypical fibroxanthoma of the skin (AFX), one dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP), two giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath (GCT), and five dermatofibromas (DF). Seven of 8 MFH showed strong reactivity for all enzymes examined. Positive reactions were seen as evenly distributed granules in the cytoplasm of fibroblastic, histiocytic and giant cells in all types of the tumors. Almost all AFX, GCT, and DF showed moderate to strong reactivity. These findings suggest that these tumors were composed of cells with the enzymatic character of histiocytes. However, DFSP contained no cells giving a positive reaction, and thus its histiocytic nature could not demonstrated.

Topics: Acetylglucosaminidase; Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Carboxylesterase; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Female; Fibroma; Fibrosarcoma; Glucuronidase; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lysosomes; Male; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Xanthomatosis

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Glucuronidase; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Lymphocytes; Mycosis Fungoides; Skin Neoplasms; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer

The melanin macroglobule (MMG), formerly called "macromelanosome," is a cytoplasmic spherical granule formed in the melanocyte, varying in size from one to several microns, much larger than normal ellipsoidal melanosomes. Although ultrastructural features of MMG have been adequately described in the past, there has been a disagreement about the formation process of MMG. In order to further elucidate the nature and origin of MMG, electron microscopic studies were conducted in several pigmentary disorders. Our findings included: (1) The most remarkable characteristics of MMG are (a) the pleomorphism of their internal structure and (b) the variation of their size. (2) MMG do not represent true melanosomes but unique forms of autolysosomes resulting from the fusion of autophagosomes (containing various numbers of melanosomes) with primary and/or secondary lysosomes. (3) MMG are retained within melanocytes or transferred to keratinocytes and to Langerhans cells in the epidermis, and to macrophages in the dermis in any of their developmental stages. After transfer, MMG can fuse with other heterolysosomes and probably increase in size in these cells. We regard melanosome complexes as but one step in an autophagic process within melanocytes which can, on occasion, produce MMG as residual bodies.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Albinism; Autophagy; Biopsy; Eye Diseases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Melanocytes; Microscopy, Electron; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Neurofibromatosis 1; Nevus, Pigmented; Skin Neoplasms; Terminology as Topic

While prostatic adenocarcinoma is associated classically with osseous or lymphatic metastasis, it can present clinically with protean manifestations. We describe 4 cases that demonstrate unusual patterns of metastatic spread, including isolated supraclavicular mass, pleural effusion, suprapubic and genital skin metastasis, and priapism. Newer immunohistochemical staining techniques for prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase can assist in localization of the metastatic adenocarcinoma to a prostatic origin.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Clavicle; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Pleural Effusion; Priapism; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Carcinoma; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Humans; Isoenzymes; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Skin Neoplasms

Twenty-four cases of cutaneous lymphomas were classified as T-cell (18 cases), B-cell (three cases), and true histiocytic (three cases), on the basis of the histochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics. Important differences in clinical and histopathologic features exist among these three types: skin lesions of T-cell lymphoma are usually chronic, pruritic, and sometimes ulcerative; those of B-cell lymphoma are nonpruritic and nonulcerative; lesions of true histiocytic lymphoma are often pruritic and ulcerative. All three patients with true histiocytic lymphoma died within six months of diagnosis. Two of the three patients with B-cell lymphoma died within two years of diagnosis. Only two of the 18 patients with T-cell lymphoma died, one after 12 years and the other after six years. Histologically, B-cell lymphoma shows a grenz zone in the upper dermis and absence of epidermal involvement; both T-cell and true histiocytic lymphomas show epidermal infiltration and absence of a grenz zone. True histiocytic lymphoma can appear similar to T-cell lymphoma clinically and histologically by routine examination, but histiocytic lymphoma has a much worse prognosis. Histochemical and immunohistochemical studies are very helpful in the differential diagnosis.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; B-Lymphocytes; Female; Histiocytes; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphadenitis; Lymphoma; Male; Middle Aged; Sex Ratio; Skin Neoplasms; T-Lymphocytes

Eight cases of autopsy-proved malignant histiocytosis (MH) are reported, in which cutaneous involvement was a prominent finding at initial clinical presentation. In two patients, the disease remained confined to the skin for significant periods before systemic dissemination appeared. Immunohistochemical analysis of cutaneous infiltrates of MH showed uniform negativity of the atypical cells for lysozyme, immunoglobulin light chain, glycogen, and chloroacetate esterase content. In five cases, cytochemical stains for acid phosphatase, butyrate (nonspecific) esterase, chloroacetate esterase, and peroxidase activity were performed on bone marrow aspirates containing malignant cells; all demonstrated diffuse positivity for acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase, and negativity for peroxidase and chloroacetate esterase. Touch-imprint preparations of cutaneous lesions in one of these cases yielded identical results. These findings indicate that cytochemical methods are preferable to immunohistochemical technics in identification of histiocytic malignancies and that foci of skin involvement may provide a useful source for such diagnostic evaluation.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Bone Marrow; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Liver; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphoid Tissue; Male; Middle Aged; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Circadian Rhythm; Glucuronidase; Humans; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Melanoma; Skin Neoplasms

In 1969, Freeman and Winkelmann reported two cases of basal cell tumors with features of eccrine differentiation. On the basis of subsequent personal cases and isolated literature reports, we wish to emphasize the characteristics of this tumor. It is an infiltrating basaloid growth, usually on the scalp or head, that frequently recurs, apparently because of inadequate excision. Basaloid, alveolar, and cystic epithelial masses, which constitute the tumor, may be seen individually or together. Areas that appear to be morpheaform epithelioma or similar to syringoma can be observed. Enzyme studies reveal phosphorylase and focal lysosomal enzymes such as acid phosphatase. Acid mucopolysaccharides are present in foci. Electron microscopy shows epithelial masses with eccrine duct features. Eccrine epithelioma is a rare tumor that may be mistaken for syringoma, basal cell carcinoma, adenocystic carcinoma, sweat gland carcinoma, or metastatic tumor. Its differentiation toward eccrine structure and function predicts the chronic, recurrent, locally infiltrative clinical course observed in patients to date.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Middle Aged; Phosphorylases; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Humans; Male; Penile Neoplasms; Prognosis; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms

Regressing atypical histiocytosis (RAH) of skin is a cutaneous noduloulcerative proliferation of atypical neoplastic histiocytes with concomitant polymorphous inflammation, frequently pronounced epidermal hyperplasia, and an unexpectedly indolent biologic course. Spontaneous regression and recurrence without systemic spread were the course in follow-up periods of over six years. Histopathologically, characteristic-appearing atypical mononuclear and multinucleated "RAH" cells showed erythrophagocytosis as well as ultrastructural, surface marker, and enzyme cytochemical features indicating histiocytic differentiation. Cytogenetic analysis showed aneuploidy and several marker chromosomes including 14q+. Its benign biologic course clearly distinguished this entity from malignant histiocytosis, large cell lymphoma, and Hodgkin's disease. The histiocytic atypical cells further distinguished it from the T-cell lesions of the skin, such as mycosis fungoides and lymphomatoid papulosis. This entity is readily confused with malignant lymphoreticular disease, melanoma, or squamous carcinoma.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Cell Differentiation; Child; Chromosome Banding; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Follow-Up Studies; Histiocytes; Humans; Hyperplasia; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Enzyme Activation; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Melanoma; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Three cases of infantile digital fibromatosis were studied by electron microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, and tissue culture. The tumors were made up equally of myofibroblasts containing electron-dense inclusions which were composed chiefly of microfilaments measuring about 5 to 7 nm. Dense bodies usually observable in the smooth muscle cells were found in the bundles of these microfilaments and in the process of the inclusions, suggesting that these inclusions may represent an abnormal accumulation of contractile protein in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Two cell lines were established from culture of the tumor cells, and the cultured cells also contained inclusion bodies showing the same morphologic characteristics as those of the original tumor cells. Lysosomal enzymes were abundant in the cultured cells, but they were scant in the cells of the fresh tissue specimens. Cocultivation of the cultured cells with human embryonic lung cells yielded no cytopathic effect.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Culture Techniques; Female; Fibroma; Fingers; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Skin Neoplasms; Toes

A considerable increase in activity of the following enzymes: succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), beta-hydrogenase (beta-HBDH), cytochrome oxidase (CO), and acid phosphatase (AP) was found in lymph nodes lymphocytes after 1 week of malignant melanoma passage in golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus Waterhouse). The peripheral blood lymphocytes displayed, too, an increase in activity of all the enzymes mentioned except beta-HBDH and SDH. After 3 weeks of the melanoma growth, the animals affected showed a considerable decrease in activity of all the enzymes studied both in the lymph nodes and in the peripheral blood. The increase in enzymatic activity during the initial phase of tumour growth may be a manifestation of biological activation of the cellular defence of lymphocytes. On the other hand, the decrease in the activity seen at the advanced phase of the disease speaks for an impaired immune response.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cricetinae; Electron Transport Complex IV; Female; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocytes; Male; Melanoma; Mesocricetus; Neoplasms, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Acute Disease; Antigens, Neoplasm; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute; Phagocytosis; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms

Malignant histiocytosis with cutaneous involvement occurred in a 27-year-old man. There were generalized weakness, abdominal pain, lymphadenopathy, fever and firm, papulonodular cutaneous infiltrations. The tumour cells were identified as malignant histiocytes by specially adapted enzyme-cytochemical and immunocytological methods on cryostat sections and single-cell suspension from the cutaneous infiltrates. The malignant histiocytes are characterized by diffuse activity of esterases and acid phosphatase. In addition, tests in single-cell suspension make it possible to differentiate the cells further according to cytomorphological and enzyme-cytochemical criteria.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Esterases; Histiocytes; Humans; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Skin Neoplasms

In 4 patients with mycosis fungoides in the praemycotic, infiltrative and tumour stage of the disease, a differentiation and functional characterization of the infiltrate cells, obtained from cell suspensions and cutaneous smears, was carried out by means of enzyme cytochemical and immunological methods. The lymphocyte-associated acid esterase is considered to be a marker for mature T-cell populations. Apart from monocytes and histiocytes, acid esterase-positive small lymphocytoid cells with T-cell properties are found in the praenycotic stage. In the tumour stage, large lymphocytoid cells become increasingly prevalent, they show no acid esterase activity, but an intracytoplasmatic-localized reaction in the acid phosphatase activity. On the basis of the cytochemical pattern, it is assumed that these cells represent proliferating lymphoblasts.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Lymphocyte Activation; Mycosis Fungoides; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; B-Lymphocytes; Esterases; Humans; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphoma; Mycosis Fungoides; Skin Neoplasms; Syndrome; T-Lymphocytes

A fraction with lymphokine properties was isolated from supernatant medium of the continuous cultured human lymphoblast cell line, 1788. Culture medium containing 2% human serum was used for cell growth in order to minimize antigenicity of supernatant fractions isolated from the medium. The culture medium was passed through an Amicon XM-100 membrane, concentrated over a PM-10 membrane, lyophilized, and reconstituted to a final concentration of approximately 40:1. Studies in vivo and in vitro showed that the active fraction contained skin reactive factor (when injected intradermally into guinea pigs and humans), lymphotoxin, migration inhibition factor, chemotactic factor, and macrophage activation factor. This same preparation, when injected intralesionally into cutaneous tumors, induced an inflammatory reaction followed by tumor regression. The fraction confined between membranes of pore size 10,000-100,000 daltons was active in promoting tumor regression, while the fraction less than 10,000 daltons was inactive. Patients with skin lesions from metastatic carcinoma of the breast and other malignancies were studied, and 16 out of 30 treated lesions were judged to have undergone either complete or greater than 50% regression. Of these, 8 were biopsied before and after lymphokine injection, and 6 out of 9 were negative for tumor cells. Additional studies in vitro with material fractionated on Sephadex G-200 indicated that the macrophage-activating component binds to alpha-2 macroglobulin in the culture medium.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; alpha-Macroglobulins; Animals; Cell Line; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Lymphocytes; Lymphokines; Lymphotoxin-alpha; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; Macrophages; Molecular Weight; Neoplasm Metastasis; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Tests

The term ""cutaneous lymphoma'' is used for lymphoreticular proliferative processes which primarily affect the skin. This term includes: mycosis fungoides, Sezary-syndrome and ""pagetoid epidermotropic reticulosis''; ""malignant reticulosis'', ""reticulum cell sarcoma'' and lymphosarcoma; in a wide sense of this term pseudolymphomas (lymphadenosis benigna cutis, benign lymphocytoma), specific skin infiltrates in leukemia and Hodgkin's disease might be included as well.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; B-Lymphocytes; Binding Sites, Antibody; Esterases; Humans; Lymphoma; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Connective Tissue; Connective Tissue Cells; DNA; Enzymes; Esterases; Fibroma; Fibrosarcoma; Granulation Tissue; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leprosy; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Mycosis Fungoides; Skin; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous

A 76 year old man with mycosis fungoides developed an immunoblastic sarcoma and a leukemic blood picture in the final tumor stage after 6 years, in which the disease had clinically progressed in a typical manner. The results of histological and cytochemical studies of autopsy material are presented. Based on these findings and evidence of the T cell nature of mycosis fungoides, the immunoblastic sarcoma observed in the terminal stage of this case of mycosis fungoides might be of the rare T cell type.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Esterases; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocyte Count; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Mycosis Fungoides; Skin Neoplasms; Syndrome; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Methods; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Nevus, Pigmented; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Catechol Oxidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Melanins; Melanocytes; Microscopy, Electron; Models, Biological; Morphogenesis; Nevus, Pigmented; Organoids; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Cells, Cultured; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Melanoma; Microscopy, Electron; Skin Neoplasms; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Melanoma; Nucleotidases; Oxidoreductases; Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Female; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Keratosis; Leukoplakia, Oral; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Mitosis; Polyribosomes; Ribosomes; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leukemia; Lipids; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Methods; Neoplasms; Peroxidases; Polysaccharides; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Sex Chromatin; Skin Neoplasms; Staining and Labeling; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Aged; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dendrites; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Ichthyosis; Langerhans Cells; Leukocytes; Lipids; Lysosomes; Male; Mast Cells; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Nucleotides; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Desmosomes; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Lysosomes; Macrophages; Microscopy, Electron; Phagocytosis; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Cell Membrane; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Macrophages; Microscopy, Electron; Phagocytosis; Radiation Effects; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acetylesterase; Acid Phosphatase; Eosinophils; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lymphocytes; Macrophages; Mast Cells; Melanoma; Neutrophils; Peroxidases; Plasma Cells; Skin Neoplasms; Stilbenes; Thiocyanates

Topics: Acetone; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Croton Oil; Female; Lysosomes; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Peroxides; Resins, Plant; Selenium; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Sulfatases; Vitamin E

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Glycogen; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Tests

Seven typical granular cell myoblastomas, 4 from the skin (2 multicentric) and 1 each from the tongue, vulva and breast, were studied with the electron microscope and with cytochemical procedures for the visualization of lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus and membranes. With these parameters, all of the lesions were found to be virtually identical. To the authors' knowledge, the apparent formation of the specific small granule from the Golgi apparatus and the large granule (cytolysome) by segregation of portions of cell cytoplasm as well as the apparent aging process in myoblastoma cells is described for the first time. The small granules resemble lysosomes, but do not stain with the lysosomal markers employed. The large granules (cytolysomes) contain acid phosphatase but only a few contain thiolacetic acid esterase activity, suggesting that there are at least two varieties of cytolysomes in myoblastoma. It is concluded that myoblastoma is a tumor-like lesion of Schwann cell origin, which is either a reactive cellular response or, more likely, a true neoplasm.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adult; Aging; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Breast Neoplasms; Child; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Golgi Apparatus; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lysosomes; Male; Methods; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Schwann Cells; Skin Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms; Vulvar Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Catechol Oxidase; Cathepsins; Glucuronidase; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Melanoma; Mice; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Blood Vessels; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Basosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Phagocytosis; Radiotherapy Dosage; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Butadienes; Carotenoids; Chloroquine; Croton Oil; Enzyme Activation; Fatty Acids; Female; Hydrocortisone; Lactones; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neoplasms, Experimental; Papilloma; Skin Neoplasms; Squalene; Sulfatases; Terpenes; Time Factors; Vitamin A

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Amino Acids; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cathepsins; Culture Techniques; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Glucuronidase; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Melanins; Melanocytes; Melanoma; Mice; Mitochondria; Proteins; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Glucuronidase; Glycogen; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Nucleic Acids; Precancerous Conditions; Skin; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Carcinogens; Fibrosarcoma; Guinea Pigs; Histocytochemistry; Lactones; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Methylcholanthrene; Neoplasm Transplantation; Quinolines; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Epithelium; Histocytochemistry; Keratoacanthoma; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasms, Experimental; Rabbits; Skin Neoplasms; Vitamin A

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Back; Cell Line; Chromatophores; Clone Cells; Culture Techniques; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Foot; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Lysosomes; Male; Melanocytes; Melanoma; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acetylesterase; Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Marrow Examination; Diagnosis, Differential; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Plasmacytoma; Skin; Skin Manifestations; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cadmium; Carcinogens; Electrophoresis; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Rats; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Catechol Oxidase; Cricetinae; Cytoplasm; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lysosomes; Melanoma; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Necrosis; Neoplasms, Experimental; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Female; Glucosyltransferases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Neck; Scalp; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydrolases; Keratoacanthoma; Nucleotidases; Oxidoreductases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Skin Neoplasms; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Ameloblastoma; Child; Craniopharyngioma; Cysts; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Electron Transport Complex IV; Epithelium; Esterases; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Male; Oxidoreductases; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Ear; Lysosomes; Mice; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Ultraviolet Rays

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Culture Techniques; Electrophoresis, Disc; Fibrosarcoma; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Kidney; Liver; Male; Mice; Molybdenum; Muscles; Myocardium; Neoplasms, Experimental; Plants; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Sarcoma 180; Skin Neoplasms; Tartrates

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Leukoplakia; Lysosomes; Methylcholanthrene; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasms, Experimental; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Anthracenes; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Birds; Cathepsins; Croton Oil; Female; Glucuronidase; Liver; Lysosomes; Mice; Papilloma; Rats; Skin; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Aminopeptidases; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Esterases; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Nucleotidases; Phosphorylase Kinase; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Sweat Glands

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenoma, Sweat Gland; Alkaline Phosphatase; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Cysts; Electron Transport Complex IV; Glucosyltransferases; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Nucleotidases; Oxidoreductases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Autoradiography; Dogs; Dopa Decarboxylase; Humans; Mast Cells; Mast-Cell Sarcoma; Melanins; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Nevus, Pigmented; Oxidoreductases; Peritoneum; Peroxidases; Rats; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Urticaria Pigmentosa

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Cell Nucleus; Culture Techniques; DNA, Neoplasm; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Melanoma; RNA, Neoplasm; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aminopeptidases; Cholesteatoma; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Female; Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenofibroma; Alkaline Phosphatase; Ameloblastoma; Aminopeptidases; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mice; Mouth Neoplasms; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Tumor Virus Infections

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Catalase; Cell Physiological Phenomena; Electrons; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Histocytochemistry; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Lysosomes; Microscopy; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Neoplasms; Organ Size; Pathology; Rats; Research; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydrolases; Leiomyoma; Leiomyomatosis; Neoplasms; Oxidoreductases; Phosphorylases; Phosphotransferases; Skin Neoplasms; Transaminases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Mice; Mitochondria; NAD; NADP; Neoplasms, Experimental; Pathology; Research; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma 256, Walker; Cricetinae; Electron Transport Complex II; Esterases; Histological Techniques; Liver Neoplasms; Metabolism; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Oncogenic Viruses; Oxidoreductases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Rats; Research; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinogenesis; Esterases; Glycoside Hydrolases; Neoplasms, Experimental; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Skin Neoplasms; Sulfhydryl Compounds