acid-phosphatase and Schizophrenia

To determine bone mass using quantitative phalangeal bone ultrasound in institutionalized schizophrenic patients under chronic treatment with antipsychotic drugs.. A total of 73 patients with schizophrenia (25 women, mean age 59.84 +/- 17.01 years; 48 men, mean age 61.89 +/- 12.95 years) and 73 healthy subjects (25 women, mean age 60.37 +/- 17.16 years; 48 men, mean age 61.24 +/- 13.09 years) participated in the study. Bone status was assessed using an ultrasound device that measures the amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SoS) in metres per second. Measurements were made on the phalanges (II-V) of the non-dominant hand, and the mean value was computed.. The schizophrenic women had higher levels of prolactin (PRL), parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (AlPh), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) (all p < 0.0001), and lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D3) levels (p < 0.0001) and Ad-SoS values (p < 0.05) than controls. Ad-SoS was higher in schizophrenic men (p < 0.05).. Schizophrenic women in treatment with antipsychotic drugs had a loss of phalangeal bone mass that was associated with the levels of vitamin D or PTH, and increased bone turnover.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Antipsychotic Agents; Bone Density; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Finger Phalanges; Humans; Isoenzymes; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Hormone; Prolactin; Schizophrenia; Sex Factors; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Ultrasonography; Vitamin D

Accumulating evidence suggests that patients with schizophrenia are exposed to a high risk of osteoporosis/osteopenia caused by long-term antipsychotic treatment. The degree of bone mineral density (BMD) loss that a given antipsychotic may cause is not known. Examinations using a bone turnover marker may more accurately predict the ongoing bone states in psychiatric patients. We measured prolactin, estradiol, testosterone, and bone resorption marker (TRACP-5b) levels in 167 patients with schizophrenia and 60 normal controls. The patients showed significantly higher levels of prolactin and lower levels of TRACP-5b compared to the controls. Moreover, prolactin was negatively correlated with estradiol and testosterone in the group of all male subjects and the male patients. TRACP-5b was positively correlated with prolactin in the female patients and negatively correlated with estradiol in the group of all female subjects. The results show that the bone resorption rate was rather attenuated in the patients compared to the normal controls, suggesting a complicated etiology of BMD loss in schizophrenia patients. Several meaningful correlations between key factors in this study confirmed that hyperprolactinemia induced the suppression of sex hormones, and possibly led to the higher bone turnover. These results indicate that measurement of the resorption marker TRACP-5b might be useful to clarify the pathology of BMD loss.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Biomarkers; Bone Density; Bone Resorption; Estradiol; Female; Humans; Hyperprolactinemia; Isoenzymes; Male; Prolactin; Schizophrenia; Sex Factors; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; Testosterone

Genetic variants of red-cell acid phosphatase (ACP1), esterase D (ESD), transferrin (TF) and the group-specific component (GC) were investigated in schizophrenic patients with and without a family history of both schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. No evident association was found with respect to ACP1, TF and GC systems. A significant difference in the frequency of ESD heterozygotes was found between patients with and without a family history of schizophrenia.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Carboxylesterase; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Electrophoresis, Starch Gel; Female; Gene Frequency; Genetic Markers; Humans; Male; Phenotype; Polymorphism, Genetic; Schizophrenia; Spain; Transferrin; Vitamin D-Binding Protein

Recently developed enzyme tests that are used in (a) identifying high risk populations, (b) diagnosing cancer, (c) following treatment response of cancer patients, and (d) the selection of cancer therapy are summarized. The diagnostic role of methionine adenosyltransferase and CSF monoamine oxidase activity measurements in the diagnosis of schizophrenia are discussed. The role of N-acetyltransferase in the conversion of serotonin to melatonin in the pineal gland and the importance of these changes for the synchronization of the functioning of cells throughout the organism are described. New developments in the determination of immunoreactive trypsin in the early diagnosis of pancreatic diseases are summarized.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; Breast Neoplasms; Chemistry, Clinical; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Female; Galactosyltransferases; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Pineal Gland; Prostatic Neoplasms; Schizophrenia; Sialyltransferases; Trypsin

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Blood Group Antigens; Down Syndrome; Electrophoresis, Starch Gel; Erythrocytes; Female; Gene Frequency; Haptoglobins; Heterozygote; Homozygote; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Schizophrenia; Sex Factors; Smoking

Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Aged; Alkaline Phosphatase; Brain; Cholinesterases; Dementia; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Middle Aged; Schizophrenia

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Glycogen; Humans; Leukocytes; Liver Glycogen; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidases; Rats; Schizophrenia; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Transferases

Topics: 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids; Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Bipolar Disorder; Creatine Kinase; Female; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Humans; Male; Schizophrenia; Thyroid Function Tests