acid-phosphatase and Sarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Kallikreins; Male; Microscopy; Middle Aged; Prostate; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Vimentin

Primary and metastatic bone cancers are difficult to eradicate and novel approaches are needed to improve treatment and extend life. As bone cancer grows, osteoclasts, the principal bone-resorbing cells of the body, are recruited to and activated at sites of cancer. In this investigation, we determined if osteoclast lineage cells could function as a cell-based gene delivery system to bone cancers. We used the cytosine deaminase (CD) 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) enzyme/prodrug system and studied bone marrow and bones from transgenic mice expressing a novel CD gene regulated by the osteoclast tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) gene promoter (Tg/NCD). DsRed2-labeled 2472 sarcoma cells were placed in Tg/NCD osteoclastogenic cultures and treated with 5-FC. 5-FC treatment resulted in profound bystander killing (90%; P < 0.05). The effect of 5-FC treatment on osteoclast lineage cells was most dramatic when administered at the beginning of the 7-day cultures, suggesting that mature osteoclasts are less sensitive to 5-FC. Evaluation of osteoclast-directed bystander killing in vivo revealed dramatic killing of bone cancer with only a modest effect on osteoclast number. Specifically, 5-FC treatment of tumor-bearing Tg/NCD mice or Tg/NCD bone marrow transplanted C3H mice (Tg/NCD-C3H) resulted in 92% and 44% reductions in tumor area, respectively (P < 0.05). Eight of ten 5-FC-treated Tg/NCD mice had complete bone tumor killing and five of six 5-FC-treated Tg/NCD-C3H mice had reduced tumor compared with controls. In addition, Tg/NCD osteoclasts were resistant to 5-FC treatment in vivo, a very important feature, as it identifies osteoclasts as an ideal CD gene delivery system.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Bone Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Coculture Techniques; Cytosine Deaminase; Flucytosine; Genetic Therapy; Isoenzymes; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Transgenic; Osteoclasts; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Sarcoma; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

Histological examination of 38 nodular formations extirpated from the site of vaccine administration to cats disclosed 25 cases of sarcoma and 13 of granuloma. Average age of the cats bearing sarcoma was 8.75 years whereas granuloma occurred at average age of 1.9 year. This age-relationship of the lesions, as well as their similar morphologic features indicated a progression of chronic inflammatory changes to tumors. Similar tumors were diagnosed in one cat with "posttraumatic ocular sarcoma" and in the uterus of female-cat with long-standing pyometra. These two cats were 15 and 8 years old, respectively. Experimental study of local reaction 21 days after administration of commercial, lipid-adjuvanted vaccine revealed in young cats (age 9 months) a reaction to immunogen, whereas in old animals (age 10 to 15 years) there was a reaction to foreign material. The data suggest that chronic inflammation and age-related immunodeficiency are instrumental in pathogenesis of the vaccine-associated sarcoma.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carboxylesterase; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Immunocompromised Host; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Inflammation; Male; Sarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Vaccination

Fine-needle aspiration of prostatic carcinoma usually yields an acinar carcinoma that is immunoreactive for prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). We report on two FNAs of metastatic sarcomatoid prostatic carcinoma that were PSA- and PAP-negative. Our methods included a review of the medical records and pathology results. Both cases presented with elevated serum PSA levels and prostate needle biopsies with Gleason score 8 and 9 tumors, respectively. Both cases developed retroperitoneal/pelvic lymphadenopathy, and fine-needle aspirations were performed. These showed high-grade, sarcomatoid tumors with marked anisonucleosis. Immunocytochemical staining for PSA and PAP was negative in both cases. Clinical and radiologic evaluation failed to reveal any other potential primary sites. Metastatic, sarcomatoid, PSA- and PAP-negative prostatic carcinoma is a rare diagnosis of exclusion that should be considered in the characteristic clinical setting.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biopsy, Needle; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Flutamide; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Leuprolide; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Sarcoma

We have presented a case of typical alveolar soft part sarcoma probably originating from the soft tissues of the retroperitoneum with metastasis to the brain. An ultrastructural study including histochemical observation of the metastatic lesion was performed to clarify the nature of the crystals characteristic to the tumor cells of this disease. The crystalline structures have acid phosphatase activity at a histological and ultrastructural level. Our results suggested that they might be derived from coalescence of primary lysosomes or by digestive disintegration of some protein.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Crystallization; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Occipital Lobe; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms; Sarcoma

Immunoperoxidase staining of tissue for prostatic acid phosphatase has been useful in confirming the prostatic origin of metastatic deposits. This technique was used on the prostate tumors of 2 patients to differentiate between a true carcinosarcoma and a pure epithelial carcinoma with sarcomatoid changes. Positive staining for prostatic acid phosphatase in both the sarcomatoid element, as well as the area of well-differentiated carcinoma, confirmed the common epithelial cell origin of these components. Electron microscopy further confirmed these findings by demonstrating desmosomes in the sarcomatoid areas. Although each type of tumor is rare, differentiation between true carcinosarcomas and true carcinomas with sarcomatoid changes is important to elucidate further their different clinical behaviors and responses to therapy.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Aged; Carcinoma; Carcinosarcoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Sarcoma

Two radioimmunoassay procedures (RIA-1 and RIA-2) were evaluated for the quantitation of prostatic acid phosphatase in serum and compared with the enzymatic method and counter immunoelectrophoresis method for their specificity and sensitivity. Sera from 168 patients were analyzed and these included: normals, 27; untreated prostatic cancer patients Stage A, 2; Stage C, 3; Stage D, 17; cancer of prostate treated with different modalities, 42; sarcoma of prostate, 1; prostatitis, 3; nonprostatic carcinoma, 17; and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 56. RIA-1 procedure appeared more sensitive (82% sensitivity) and specific (94.5% specificity) than the RIA-2 procedure (68% sensitivity and 91.8% specificity), but the differences were not statistically significant. The enzymatic method was found to be least sensitive (63.6% sensitivity) but also the most specific (100% specificity). Only 69 of the specimens were analyzed by counter immunoelectrophoresis, which showed sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 51.4%. False positives were observed more often in patients with nonprostatic cancer and BPH. The variations in diagnostic specificity of immunologic assays suggest the need of characterization of each antibody specificity.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Antibody Specificity; Counterimmunoelectrophoresis; Evaluation Studies as Topic; False Positive Reactions; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Prostate; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostatitis; Radioimmunoassay; Sarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Electron Transport Complex IV; Epithelium; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Glucuronidase; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mesenchymoma; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Neoplasms; Nucleotidases; Phosphoglucomutase; Phosphorylases; Sarcoma; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antibodies, Neoplasm; Antigens, Neoplasm; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Cell Line; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Infant; Leukemia; Lung Neoplasms; Lysosomes; Male; Melanoma; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Osteosarcoma; Rats; Sarcoma; Sex Factors; Statistics as Topic

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Esterases; Glucuronidase; Histocytochemistry; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lectins; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukocytes; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Multiple Myeloma; Peroxidases; Sarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenoma, Chromophobe; Astrocytoma; Biopsy; Brain Neoplasms; Choroid Plexus; Ependymoma; Glioblastoma; Hemangiosarcoma; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Medulloblastoma; Meningioma; Neurilemmoma; Oligodendroglioma; Papilloma; Pituitary Neoplasms; Rosaniline Dyes; Sarcoma; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Bone Neoplasms; Bronchial Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Esterases; Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leukocytes; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Melanoma; Neoplasms; Peroxidases; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Rectal Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Staining and Labeling; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Testicular Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Cells; Cytoplasm; Deoxyribonucleases; Dogs; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Golgi Apparatus; Inclusion Bodies; Male; Methods; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Penile Neoplasms; Ribosomes; Sarcoma; Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenoma, Chromophobe; Ameloblastoma; Astrocytoma; Biopsy; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Differentiation; Cerebellar Neoplasms; Cerebellum; Choroid Neoplasms; Choroid Plexus; Ependyma; Ependymoma; Esterases; Ganglia; Ganglioneuroma; Hemangiosarcoma; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Medulla Oblongata; Medulloblastoma; Meninges; Meningioma; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral; Neuroma; Neurons; Oligodendroglioma; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms; Sarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Ependymoma; Esterases; Glioma; Glucosyltransferases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Meningioma; Neurilemmoma; Oligodendroglioma; Sarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Histocytochemistry; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Isoenzymes; Lymph Nodes; Lymphadenitis; Lymphatic Metastasis; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Syphilis; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma; Colonic Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Histocytochemistry; Histological Techniques; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphoma; Male; Melanoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Pathology; Prostatic Neoplasms; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Sarcoma; Staining and Labeling; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Benz(a)Anthracenes; Catalase; Cell Physiological Phenomena; Electrons; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Histocytochemistry; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Lysosomes; Microscopy; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Neoplasms; Organ Size; Pathology; Rats; Research; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Busulfan; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Metabolism; Neoplasms; Pharmacology; Research; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Yoshida; Toxicology

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Azo Compounds; Blood Cells; Bone Marrow Cells; Histocytochemistry; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Multiple Myeloma; Mycosis Fungoides; Neoplasms; Polycythemia Vera; Sarcoma

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma 256, Walker; Cricetinae; Electron Transport Complex II; Esterases; Histological Techniques; Liver Neoplasms; Metabolism; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Oncogenic Viruses; Oxidoreductases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Rats; Research; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin Neoplasms; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Liver; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms, Experimental; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Research; Rodentia; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Skin

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Neoplasms; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Sarcoma